Pre-mid Year Review
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1. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagrams below, which represent two different solid,
uniform materials cut into cubes A and B.
5. The data table below shows the mass and volume of
three samples of the same mineral. [The density column
is provided for student use.]
Which graph best represents the relationship between the
density and the volume of these mineral samples?
A)
What is the mass of cube B?
A) 9 g
B) 27 g
C) 3 g
D) 81 g
2. The sphere was dropped into water in a graduated
cylinder as shown below.
B)
C)
What is the volume of the sphere?
A) 15 mL
C) 40 mL
B) 25 mL
D) 65 mL
D)
3. A centimeter is 0.01 meter. This measurement can also
be expressed as
A) 1 × 10 –1 m
C) 1 × 10 0 m
B) 1 × 10 –2 m
D) 1 × 10 2 m
4. The diameter through the equator of Jupiter is about
143,000 kilometers. What is this distance written in
scientific notation (powers of 10)?
A) 143 × 10 2 km
C) 1.43 × 10 5 km
6. As air on the surface of Earth warms, the density of the
air
B) 1.43 × 10 3 km
D) 143 × 10 5 km
A) decreases
C) remains the same
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B) increases
Pre-mid Year Review
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7. The diagrams below represent two solid objects A and B.
with different densities.
11. During a rainstorm, when soil becomes saturated, the
amount of infiltration
A)
B)
C)
D)
What will happen when the objects are placed in a
container of water (water temperature = 4°C)?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Both objects will sink.
Both objects will float.
Object A will float and object B will sink.
Object B will float and object A will sink.
8. A 25-gram sample of halite was placed in a jar with five
other mineral samples and water. The jar was shaken
vigorously for 5 minutes. The halite sample was then
found to have a mass of 15 grams. What was the rate of
weathering of the halite sample?
A) 0.50 g/min
C) 3.0 g/min
B) 2.0 g/min
D) 10. g/min
9. The graph below shows the discharge measured at a
point in a stream during a period of one year.
The greatest change in stream flow occurs between
A)
B)
C)
D)
January 1 and March 1
March 1 and May 1
May 1 and July 1
October 1 and December 1
10. Which processes are most likely to cause a rise in the
water table?
A)
B)
C)
D)
runoff and erosion
precipitation and infiltration
deposition and burial
solidification and condensation
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decreases and runoff decreases
decreases and runoff increases
increases and runoff decreases
increases and runoff increases
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12. The diagram below shows columns A, B, C, and D that contain different sediments.
Equal volumes of water were poured through each column. Which column of sediment retained the most
water?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
13. Compared to an area of Earth's surface with gentle
slopes, an area with steeper slopes most likely has
A)
B)
C)
D)
16. During a heavy rainstorm, soil samples A and B both
became saturated with water. However, 10 minutes
after the storm ended, the soils appeared as shown
below.
less infiltration and more runoff
less infiltration and less runoff
more infiltration and more runoff
more infiltration and less runoff
14. Which sediment size would allow water to flow through
at the fastest rate?
A) clay
C) sand
B) silt
D) pebbles
Which statement best explains the observed change in
the water content of the soil samples?
15. Which surface soil type has the slowest permeability
rate and is most likely to produce flooding?
A) pebbles
C) silt
A) The permeability of B is greater than the
permeability of A.
B) The porosity of B is greater than the porosity of A.
C) The capillarity of B is greater than the capillarity
of A.
D) The surface runoff at B is greater than the surface
runoff at A.
B) sand
D) clay
17. Sand sediments are usually more permeable than silt
sediments because sand grains are
A) larger
C) rounder
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B) smoother
D) more soluble
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18. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below, which represents samples of soil and
bedrock at Earth's surface. The arrows represent
possible infiltration of rainwater.
20. A rock with a high porosity will probably
Which sample probably has the greatest porosity?
A)
B)
C)
D)
pebble soil
pebble-and-sand soil
conglomerate bedrock
granite bedrock
19. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagrams below, which represent cross sections of four
samples of loosely packed, uniformly sorted soil
particles. The diameter of the particles is given below
each diagram. All soil samples consist of solid spherical
particles.
If equal amounts of 0.2-centimeter soil particles are
mixed into each sample, which sample's porosity will
not be affected?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
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A) be resistant to weathering
B) be composed of large grains
C) have a large percentage of space between
particles
D) have a small percentage of rounded particles
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21. Which graph shows the general relationship between soil particle size and the capillarity of the soil?
A)
B)
C)
D)
22. Base your answer to the following question on
the diagrams below, which represent 500-milliliter
containers that are open at the top and the bottom and
filled with well-sorted, loosely packed particles of
uniform size. A piece of screening placed at the bottom
of each container prevents the particles from falling out.
The sample in which container would have the greatest
capillarity when placed in water?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
23. Which graph best represents the relationship between
the particle size and the capillarity of a sample of soil?
A)
C)
B)
D)
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24. Photographs A and B below show two different valleys.
Which list best identifies the agent of erosion that primarily determined the shape of each valley?
A)
B)
C)
D)
photograph A—glacier; photograph B—river
photograph A—river; photograph B—glacier
both photographs—river
both photographs—glacier
25. The table below shows the relationship between total
yearly precipitation (P) and potential evapotranspiration
(E P ) for different types of climates.
The total yearly precipitation (P) for a city in Texas is
218 millimeters. The total yearly potential
evapotranspiration (E P ) is 951 millimeters. Which type
of climate does this city have?
A) humid
C) semiarid
B) subhumid
D) arid
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26. Base your answer to the following question on the water budget data and climate classification below.
Table 1 shows water budget data for a location in New Jersey, and table 2 describes climate types. All data
are expressed in millimeters of water.
According to the information provided in table 2, the area represented by the water budget data would have
a climate classified as
A) humid
B) subhumid
C) semiarid
27. What change will a pebble usually undergo when it is
transported a great distance by streams?
A)
B)
C)
D)
It will become jagged and its mass will decrease.
It will become jagged and its volume will increase.
It will become rounded and its mass will increase.
It will become rounded and its volume will
decrease.
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D) arid
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28. The block diagram below represents a stream flowing
from a mountain region.
30. The diagram below shows a section of a meander in a
stream. The arrows show the direction of stream flow.
The streambank on the outside of this meander is
steeper than the streambank on the inside of this
meander because the water on the outside of this
meander is moving
A brief, heavy rainstorm occurs in the mountains. How
will the volume of water and the rate of erosion in the
stream change shortly after the rainstorm?
A) The volume of water will decrease and the rate of
erosion will increase.
B) The volume of water will increase and the rate of
erosion will decrease.
C) Both the volume of water and the rate of erosion
will decrease.
D) Both the volume of water and the rate of
erosion will increase.
A)
B)
C)
D)
slower, causing deposition
faster, causing deposition
slower, causing erosion
faster, causing erosion
31. The map below shows the area surrounding a
meandering stream.
29. A river’s current carries sediments into the ocean.
Which sediment size will most likely be deposited in
deeper water farthest from the shore?
A) pebble
C) silt
B) sand
D) clay
At which point is erosion greatest?
A) A
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B) B
C) C
D) D
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Base your answers to questions 32 and 33 on
the diagram below, which represents the landscape features associated with a meandering river. Letters W,
X, Y, and Z represent locations on the floodplain.
32. During transport by this river, a sediment particle will most likely become
A) more rounded B) more dense
C) heavier
D) larger
33. The choices below represent stages in the formation of a meandering river. Which sequence best represents
the usual changes over time?
A)
B)
C)
D)
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34. The map below represents a meandering stream flowing
into a lake. A student measured water depths in the
stream at three locations: A–A', B–B', and C–C'.
Which set of cross sections best represents the stream
bed at the three locations?
A)
B)
C)
D)
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35. The map below represents a large stream meander (bend). The arrows show the direction of stream flow.
Stream velocity was measured at surface locations A, B, and C.
Which graph best represents the relative velocities of the stream at locations A, B. and C?
A)
B)
C)
D)
36. Which profile best shows the general depositional pattern that occurs when water from a stream enters the
ocean?
A)
B)
C)
D)
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37. The diagram below shows three beds of sediment
deposited at different times in a quiet body of water.
41. Four samples of aluminum, A, B, C, and D, have
identical volumes and densities, but different shapes.
Each piece is dropped into a long tube filled with water.
The time each sample takes to settle to the bottom of
the tube is shown in the table below.
The sediment deposited in each bed is best described as
A)
B)
C)
D)
Which diagram most likely represents the shape of
sample A?
sorted mainly according to particle size
sorted mainly according to particle shape
a mixture of sorted and unsorted particles
showing no evidence of sorting
A)
38. Which rock particles will remain suspended in water for
the longest time?
A) pebbles
C) silt
B)
B) sand
D) clay
39. Each of the rock particles below has the same density
and volume. Which particle will most likely settle at
the fastest rate in moving water?
A)
B)
C)
D)
C)
D)
42. The graph below shows the relationship between
particle shape and settling rate.
40. Four quartz samples of equal size and shape were
placed in a stream. Which of the four quartz samples
below has most likely been transported farthest in the
stream?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Which statement best describes the relationship shown?
A) Flatter particles settle more slowly than
rounder particles.
B) Flatter particles settle faster than rounder particles.
C) All particles settle at the same speed.
D) Particle shape does not affect settling rate.
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43. When small particles settle through water faster than
large particles, the small particles are probably
A) lighter
C) better sorted
B) flatter
D) more dense
44. Which graph shows the relationship between the
density of particles and their settling time in still
water?[Assume that the particles have the same size
and shape.]
A)
49. Which New York State landscape region is composed
of mostly horizontal sedimentary bedrock and has a
high elevation?
A) Hudson Highlands
C) the Catskills
B) Manhattan Prong
D) Taconic Mountains
50. Which New York State landscape region is mostly
composed of horizontal sedimentary bedrock at high
elevations?
B)
A)
B)
C)
D)
Hudson Highlands
Allegheny Plateau
Taconic Mountains
Atlantic Coastal Plain
51. Which two cities are located in the Interior Lowlands?
C)
D)
A)
B)
C)
D)
52. New York State's generalized landscape regions are
identified primarily on the basis of elevation and
45. Compared to a low-density spherical particle, a
high-density spherical particle of the same size will
sink through water
A) more slowly
C) at the same rate
A) bedrock structure B) climate zones
C) geologic age
D) latitude
B) more rapidly
53. Which two locations are found in the same New York
State landscape region?
46. Sediment is deposited in a river delta because the
A)
B)
C)
D)
A)
B)
C)
D)
velocity of the river decreases
force of gravity decreases
volume of the river increases
gradient of the river increases
47. What is the approximate minimum stream velocity
needed to keep a 6.4-cm-diameter particle in motion?
A) 10 cm/s
C) 100 cm/s
Old Forge and Utica
Niagara Falls and Watertown
Kingston and Rochester
Plattsburgh and Ithaca
54. Which rock type is found as surface bedrock in the
Finger Lakes region of New York State?
A)
B)
C)
D)
B) 50 cm/s
D) 200 cm/s
48. What is the approximate minimum stream velocity
needed to keep a particle in motion that has a diameter
of 10 centimeters?
A) 110 cm/s
C) 325 cm/s
Elmira and Binghamton
Riverhead and New York City
Massena and Old Forge
Buffalo and Watertown
igneous
sedimentary
contact metamorphic
regional metamorphic
55. The Erie-Ontario Lowlands of New York State are a
part of which larger landscape region?
A)
B)
C)
D)
B) 190 cm/s
D) 425 cm/s
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Interior Lowlands
St. Lawrence Lowlands
Allegheny Plateau
Appalachian Plateau
Earth Science[S-D Review[12/19/2014]]- Eduware Classification
1.PROLOGUE (9)
1.B.Simple Measurements (7)
1.B.i.Measurements (4)
1.B.i.a.Dimensional Quantities/Scientific Notation (4)
1.B.ii.Density (3)
1.B.ii.a.Qualitative Answers (3)
1.C.Nature of Change (2)
1.C.i.Rate of Change (2)
6.GROUND WATER (17)
6.A.Earth's Water (15)
6.A.i.Ground Water (14)
6.A.i.a.Infiltration (5)
6.A.i.b.Permeability (3)
6.A.i.c.Porosity (3)
6.A.i.d.Capillary (3)
6.A.ii.Surface Water Runoff (1)
6.B.The Local Water Budget (2)
6.B.ii.Climates and Local Water Budget (2)
7.THE EROSIONAL PROCESS (9)
7.B.Erosion (9)
7.B.i.Evidence of Erosion (2)
7.B.i.b.Properties of Transported Materials (2)
7.B.ii.Factors affecting Transportation (7)
7.B.ii.b.Water Erosion/Stream Channel Shape (7)
8.THE DEPOSITIONAL PROCESS (20)
8.A.Deposition (13)
8.A.i.Size (3)
8.A.ii.Shape (4)
8.A.iii.Density (3)
8.A.iv.Velocity (3)
8.C.Landscape Characteristics (7)
8.C.iii.Landscape Regions of New York State (7)
Total Questions: 55
Answer Key
S-D Review
1.
D
37.
A
2.
B
38.
D
3.
B
39.
D
4.
C
40.
D
5.
D
41.
B
6.
A
42.
A
7.
C
43.
D
8.
B
44.
C
9.
B
45.
B
10.
B
46.
A
11.
B
47.
D
12.
D
48.
B
13.
A
49.
C
14.
D
50.
B
15.
D
51.
D
16.
A
52.
A
17.
A
53.
B
18.
A
54.
B
19.
D
55.
A
20.
C
21.
C
22.
A
23.
C
24.
A
25.
D
26.
A
27.
D
28.
D
29.
D
30.
D
31.
B
32.
A
33.
A
34.
A
35.
C
36.
D
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