FRANCE AFTER
NAPOLEON
KEY TERMS
• Louis XVIII
• Revolution of 1848
• Charles X
• Recession
• Charter of French
• Abdicate
Liberties
• Revolution of 1830
• Radicals
• Louis Philippe
• “Citizen King”
• Napoleon III
CONGRESS OF VIENNA
• Conservatives won, the arguments at the Congress
of Vienna, but these other ideas did not go away.
• What happened in France?
• Two Major Revolutions: (See a pattern?)
• Revolution of 1830
• Revolution of 1848
BOURBON RESTORATION
• Bourbons put back in power
(1815)
• Decision came from the
Congress of Vienna
• King Louis XVIII
• People generally approved
• L18 passed a new constitution
called the “Charter of French
Liberties”
• Charter of French Liberties
created a legislature, universal
male enfranchisement, and
granted freedom of speech
LAST DAYS OF LOUIS XVIII
• Although he had good intentions, he was too fat and
sick to make good on his promises.
• Towards the end of his life, he allowed the Ultra-royalists to take
over.
• Ultra-Royalists – Conservatives in France who wanted a return
to an absolute monarchy
• Charles X took over after
• Ultra-royalist
• was extremely unpopular
• took away all the gains made during the French Revolution
• Freedom of Press… Gone!
• Legislature… Gone!
• Universal male Enfranchisement… Gone!
JULY REVOLUTION
(REVOLUTION OF 1830)
• Radicals rise up against
Charles X
• Three Glorious Days
• July 27-29th, 1830
• People Chanting
• "À bas les Bourbons!" (Down with
the Bourbons!) "Vive la
Charte!" (Long live the Charter!)”
• Parisians attack the troops
Symbol of
Nationalism
BARRICADES
• 4,000 barricades built by rebels throughout the city
• Meant to block streets and interrupt the movements of
troops.
JULY REVOLUTION (1830)
“CITIZEN KING” – LOUIS PHILIPPE
• Radicals chased Charles X out of France
• Fled to Great Britain
• Radicals put Louis Philippe on the throne
• Why?
• Louis Philippe supported the French Revolution
and its ideas throughout
• Kept all the gains of the FR
• Acted and dressed like a regular citizen, not a
king
• Called the “Citizen King”
DIFFERENCES?
Louis XIV
Louis Philippe
THE HONEYMOON DID NOT LAST
• The Citizen King ruled for 18 years, but nothing lasts
forever
• French people dissatisfied again!
• Recession – a period of reduced economic activity
• People were hungry, poor
• Blamed Louis Philippe
• Revolution of 1848
• Hungry French people began to riot, loot (AGAIN!)
• Louis Philippe abdicated
• Abdicate – to step down from power, give up the throne
• Who would rise to power?
ASIDE: LES MISERABLES
• June Rebellion (1832)
• Failed student Rebellion
• Depicted in Les Miserables
• Fought for the goals of the French Revolution, which they
believed were lost
• Bourbon on the throne.
• No true popular sovereignty
• Les Miserables =
• Those who lead miserable lives
• The Wretched
• The Miserable Ones
• Failed revolutionaries as “the miserable ones”
LES MISERABLES
• Shows:
• Revolutionary Fervor of France
• The Drama and Emotion of Nationalism
• Industrial Revolution
• Preview:
• Jean Val Jean
• Redemption, second chances, highest level of ethics
• Javert
• Embodiment of the Law
• Symbolizes Law itself
• Cultural references
A NEW NAPOLEON RISES!
• Napoleon Bonaparte’s Nephew gains support
• Napoleon III elected as leader
• In 1852, named himself Emperor
FRENCH TIMELINE
Charles X
DISCUSSION
• What can all of these revolutions tell us about
Europe in the 1800s?
• Why did the people want a “Citizen King”?
• How does economics affect history?
• In the 1800s, who truly has power in France? Explain.
• How could a leader use this “new power” of
nationalism? Who would do so in the 1900s?