3
Focus Question:
How are particles different in solids
liquids and gases?
name: ______________________
pd: _____ date: _______________
Focus Question:
How are particles different in solids
liquids and gases?
Materials:
 bottle and syringe
system
 sodium bicarbonate
 citric acid




spoons
stirring stick
water
basin
 waste container
 cup
Part 1. Observe and measure a gas.
a. Dissolve one spoonful of citric acid in 100 mL of water.
b. Put one spoonful of sodium bicarbonate in the bottle, and twist on the stopper.
c. Take up 5 mL of citric acid solution in the syringe. Insert the tip of the syringe into
the hole in the stopper.
d. Push the solution into the bottle.
e. Record your observations.
f. Dump the waste. Conduct two more trials.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part 2. Record the data.
Part 3. Questions
1. What caused the syringe plunger to go up during the reaction? _______________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Why is a syringe more useful than a balloon to conduct this experiment? _______________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What do you think might happen if we double the amount of either substance? Why?______
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Focus Question:
How are particles different in solids
liquids and gases?
Part 1. Think About It.
1. You observed in the first lab a chemical reaction that produced bubbles. What
was in the bubbles? _____________________________________________
2. What is a gas? Give three examples of gases. ___________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. What gas do you think is in the bubbles that form when NaHCO3 and C6H8O7
react? _______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Materials:
 syringes
 plastic tubing
 binder clips
 bubble wrap
 plastic fork
Part 2. Practice.
a. Gather materials. Investigate . Make observations.
Part 3. Observations and Questions.
1. What is the air in the syringe and the air in the bubble made of?__________________
2. What happens to the air particles in the bubble when you push on the plunger? _______
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What happens to the air particles in the bubble when you pull up on the plunger? ______
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Are there more air particles in the bubble when it is compressed or when it is expanded?
_____________________________________________________________________
expand: _______________________________________________________
compress: _____________________________________________________
5. When you push on the plunger, are the air particles closer together in the syringe or in
the bubble? _____________ Why? _______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
6. What is BETWEEN air particles? _________________________________________
7. What happens to air particles when a volume of air in compressed? ________________
_____________________________________________________________________
8. What happens to air particles when a volume of air expands? _______________
_______________________________________________________________
Focus Question:
How are particles different in solids
liquids and gases?
Directions: Use pgs 14 – 15 of your Chemical Interactions book to answer the following
questions.
What are elements made of?
1. If a long piece of copper wire is cut down into many small pieces that no longer
resemble a wire. Is the material still copper (Cu)? Why or Why not?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2. What is a particle? ______________________________________________
More Than 90 Particles
3. Can the same element make-up more than one substance? Yes or No
EXPLAIN: _____________________________________________________
4. What is the difference between an element and a particle? ________________
_____________________________________________________________
Representing Particles
5. Draw and label the particles below (use page 15):
Water
Sodium Bicarbonate
The main idea is…
This is a key point because …
For example…
More evidence…
Finally…
Written response to reading.
6. What is the main idea of the article?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Focus Question:
How are particles different in solids
liquids and gases?
A student had a syringe barrel. She drew a picture of her idea of how the air (particles)
filled the room and the syringe (syringe A).
She put the plunger into the barrel (syringe B),
and she clamped the syringe shut (syringe C).
She pushed the plunger down (syringe D) and pulled
the plunger up (syringe E).
Draw what the air particles would look like in syringes B – E. Use the scenario above to
help:
Focus Question:
How are particles different in solids
liquids and gases?
1. Why did you draw the particles in syringe B, C, D, and E the way you did?
B.
____________________________________________________________
C.
____________________________________________________________
D.
____________________________________________________________
E.
____________________________________________________________
2. What happens to the air particles when air expands?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. What happens to the air particles when the air is compressed?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Air as Particles
Directions: Use the syringe and materials listed below to investigate the properties of
air. Record your observations in the table.
Bubble
Black Cube
Blue Cube
Focus Question:
How are particles different in solids
liquids and gases?
Directions: Read pages 16 – 22 in your Chemical Interactions book. Fill in
characteristics and information (take notes) about each phase of matter (solid, liquid,
and gas) in the appropriate diagram.
___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ __________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ __________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 1.
___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 2.
Describe the 3 phases of matter in terms of
shape and volume:
▪ Solids___________________________
_______________________________
▪ Liquids: _________________________
_______________________________
▪ Gasses: _________________________
_______________________________
What is the difference between the black
cube and the blue cube (pg 21)?
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________