Domestic Affairs 1890-1920
1897-1901 William McKinley
• Dingley Tariff Act – established
higher tariffs
• Gold Standard Act - marking
Republican victory in the
gold/silver debate.
• Sept. 6, 1901 – shot in
abdomen
 died 8 days later
1901-1909 Theodore Roosevelt
• reform program called “The
Square Deal”
• viewed the presidency as a
“bully pulpit” – a platform to
guide Americans to a worthy
cause.
• 1902-United Mine Workers –
Roosevelt assisted on
arbitration
• enforced the Sherman
Antitrust Act by filing 42
antitrust actions (i.e. Beef
Trust, Standard Oil, American
Tobacco Company)
• 1905 – appointed Gifford
Pinchot to head United
States Forest Service
– TR set aside 200 million acres
for national forests, mineral
reserves & water projects
• 1906 – Hepburn Act passed
– gave the Interstate
Commerce Commission
(ICC) strong enforcement
• 1906 – Pure Food & Drug
Act and the Meat
Inspection Act passed
• handpicked nominee of Roosevelt
• pledged to carry on TR’s progressive program
• Angered Progressives
– Payne Aldrich Tariff passed
– Ballinger – Pinchot affair
• Taft’s record
– Reserved more public land and brought more antitrust
suits in 4 years than TR did in 7 yrs
– Supported the children's bureau, 16th Amendment, &
17th Amendment
– Gave the ICC more power
Bull Moose
– TR (platform – “The New Nationalism”)
Democratic
– Wilson (platform – “The New Freedom”)
Republican – Taft
Socialist Party – Eugene V. Debs
1913-1921 Woodrow Wilson
• 1913 – Underwood Tariff Act
• Sixteenth Amendment (federal income tax)
• Federal Reserve Act – created Federal Reserve
System that divided the country into 12 districts
• 1914 – Clayton Antitrust Act
• Created Federal Trade Commission
• 1916 – Federal Farm Loan Board created
– farmers could borrow money for 5-40 years with
lower interest
• Nominated the 1st Jewish Supreme Court Judge
What ended the Progressive Era?
Create an acrostic of the Progressive Era in your spiral. You may use
your notes, the text or the Jarrett book pages 111-126 to complete
the acrostic. Draw and color an illustration for 5 of your sentences.
P
Ratified the 19th Amendment, which allowed women’s suffrage.
O
G
R
E
S
S
I
V
E
S