First Europeans in Canada – Canadian History Grade 11
Slide Two
The Vikings
• Date – ________ CE (Common Era)
• Proof – Landing on the shores of North America exists in Norse __________________,
a few vague references in other ancient text, and most importantly, in archaeological evidence.
• Evidence:
i. The ________________ Map
• Is said to be a ___th century map depicting Vikings exploration of N.A. centuries before ___________.
• If genuine, the map is one of the great documents of Western Civilization, if fake, it’s an astonishingly clever
forgery.
Slide Three
Evidence Cont….
• ii. __________________________
• In 1960, the remains of an ancient settlement was found on the tip of the
Great Northern Peninsulas of_________________________. Near the fishing
village of L’Anse aux Meadows, in a grassy meadow, the ruins of _________________________________were
uncovered after years of excavation. These structures were similar to those built by the Norse Vikings
in___________________________________________.
Slide Four
John Cabot (_________________________) 1450-1499
• Italian, but sailed for ___________________ (blessing of King Henry VII)
• Developed a theory that ______________ could be reached by sailing
_____________.
• Sailed in 1497 (5 years after Christopher Columbus) with an _______-man crew.
• **Credit for –
• “Discovering” Cape Breton and __________________ Region
• Claimed these regions for England
• ___________!!!
Slide Five
John Cabot Cont….
• Told stories of codfish so thick in waters off of these
“Newe Found Isles” that they could be scooped up in baskets let down from the side of his ship.
This news, was met with great enthusiasm all over Europe, where ______________ abstained from eating meat for
more than _______ days a year. Therefore fish was always in great demand!
• ***This resulted in a steady stream of Europeans to the shores of
Newfoundland for fish and eventually___________________!
Slide Six
Jacques Cartier (1491-1557)
•
French and sailed for __________________.
• 1534: sailed to find the North-West Passage to _______________.
• *** Credit:
• “Discovering” Gulf of ____________________, PEI, New Brunswick, Stadacona (*Quebec City) and Hochelaga
(_______________).
• Responsible for French Land Claims in North America.
• His written accounts provided the first European Commentary about the Mi’kmaq and arrived in the area in
1603, the Iroquois has completely vanished.
• Depended upon ____________________for guides.
• He entered the Iroquois territory of Stadacona (now Quebec City) and mistakenly named their country
“_______________” (which actually translated means “The Village”)
Slide Seven
Samuel de Champlain (Sammy the Champ!) (circa ~_________ - _________)
• French and sailed for France.
• In __________ made the first of ________ voyages across the Atlantic.
• Was a mapmaker and explorer.
• Responsible for the establishment of the FIRST ____________________
SETTLEMENT in Canada.
• Named it “New France”
• Died in 1635
Slide Eight
Samuel de Champlain
• In 1604 sailed under the command of Pierre Du Gua de Monts. And established a settlement in Port Royal (Bay of
Fundy). Returned in a voyage in 1608.
• 1609, to secure an alliance with the Algonquin and Montagnais (____________) tribes, Champlain aided them in
warfare with the ____________________.
• Champlain himself killed two Iroquois Chiefs from point blank range with a musket!
• Though the Iroquois were afraid at the time, Champlain’s actions would create a ____________________ with the
Iroquois that would last for the next _________________ of New France’s existence. Well into the 1660’s.
• By 1626 the population of New France was only __________ ppl (mostly men = __________________)
• -_______________________ and ________________________ were the two major problems of New France
at the time
Slide Nine
Sammy the Champs Historical Achievements
• Champlain established __________________, which is seen as the beginning of New France.
• Was given the title “________________________________” due to this.
• Champlain promoted colonization through books, maps and drawings.
• His vision of a French settlement in North America is still realized today in the form of the province of______________.
Slide Ten
Routes of the Three Explorers- Using the map on the Powerpoint draw in (using 4 different colors or line styles) the 4 routes of
the Explorers.
Vikings
(Norse)
John Cabot
Jacques
Cartier
Samuel de
Champlain