VIRGINIA STANDARDS OF LEARNING
TEST ITEM SET
VIRGINIA AND UNITED STATES HISTORY
2008 History and Social Science
Standards of Learning
Released Spring 2014
Property of the Virginia Department of Education
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All others should direct their written requests to the Virginia Department of Education, Division of Student Assessment
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SAMPLE
Which speech Is associated with the Civil Rights Movement?
U A "Great Society"
() B "! Have a Dream"
0 C "Berlin Wall"
0 D "A Day in Infamy"
American Indian populations were most impacted by the introduction of European -
0 A weapons
0 8 diseases
() c
religion
0 D culture
1 of 49
Which factor was significant to the cavaliers in the early colonization of eastern Virginia?
U A Debt forgiveness
0
B Free land
0
c
Political freedom
0 D Religious tolerance
2 of 49
] 0 I N,
or
D I E.
During the American Revolution, this cartoon by Benjamin Franklin attempted to -
0 A persuade colonists to support the Loyalists
0 B recruit colonists for the Royal Navy
I.)
C encourage colonists to resolve their differences
0 D convince colonists to maintain state sovereignty
3 of 49
One major element of George Washington's military strategy during the American Revolution
was avoiding -
0 A direct confrontations
0 B night attacks
0
c
important cities
0 D naval battles
4 of 49
• President can veto an act passed by Congress
• Congre.ss can override a veto by the President
• Courts can declare a law unconstitutional
These powers are a result of-
U A suggested amendments to the Articles of Confederation
(J B a system of constitutional checks and balances
U C foreign influences on the colonies and territories
0 D an idea taken from the Articles of Confederation
5 of 49
Which amendment to the Constitution of the United States was directly influenced by the
Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom?
0 A 1st
U B 2nd
u c
5th
0 D 8th
6 of 49
• Opposed the Bank of the United States
• Opposed the Jay Treaty with Great Britain
• Favored an economy based on agriculture
Which early United States political party believed in these positions?
U A Federalists
0 B Whigs
0 C Know-Nothings
u
D Democratic-Republicans
7 of 49
One of the fundamental beliefs of Jacksonian Democracy was that-
0 A political parties should have popular leaders
0 B ord inary citizens should participate in politics
u
C religious leaders should hold elected offices
0 D federal jobs should go to qualified individuals
8 of 49
So you're the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war!
- President Abraham Lincoln, 1862
President lincoln was speaking to0
A Elizabeth Cady Stanton
0
B Sojourner Truth
0
c
0
D Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet Tubman
9 of 49
Jefferson Davis
Which role did this person play in the nation's history?
u
A Leader in the Texas Revolut ion
u B Justice on the Supreme Court
v
C General in the Mexican-American War
u
D President of the Confederate States of America
10 of 49
Before the Civil War, slavery was prohibited in certain areas by the -
0 A t.llonroe Doctrine
0 B Dred Scott decision
() c
Kansas-Nebraska Act
0 D Missouri Compromise
11 of 49
Post-Civil War
accomplishments of
?
Urged Southerners
to reconcile and rejoin
the United States
Served as
President of Washington
College
Which leader is described in this diagram?
0 A Ulysses S. Grant
{J B Abraham lincoln
0 C Robert E. Lee
0 D Jefferson Davis
12 of 49
The Battle of Fort Sumter was a significant event in Civil War history because it was the first-
0 A Confederate defeat during the Civil War
0 B conflict that included African-American soldiers
0
c
time British soldiers fought alongside Union soldiers
0 D military confrontation of the Civil War
13 of 49
2
1
Civil
War
Ends
3
Radical
Republicans
Rise to
Power
4
Congress
Passes
New Civil
Rights Laws
The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln belongs in which section of this timeline?
U A l
U B 2
u c
3
0 0 4
14 of 49
Which civil rights leader believed African Americans could eam equality by learning vocational skills?
U A Oliver Hill
0
B W.E.B. DuBois
U C Booker T. Washington
0
D Martin Luther King, Jr.
15 of 49
The News
This headline affected the United States by eventually leading to-
0 A involvement in the Spanish American War
0 B construction of the Panama Canal
U C entry into World War I
0 D neutrality during the 1930s
16 of 49
Which type of music was popularized by radio in the 1920s?
0 A Jazz
0 B Reggae
u c
Bluegrass
0 D Folk
17 of 49
Doffer and Spinner Boys in Seaconnet Mill, 1912
This photograph demonstrates conditions exposed by a -
0 A suffragist
U B muckraker
0 C union representative
0 D factory owner
18 of 49
What was one result of the Federal Reserve's fai lure to prevent the collapse of the banking
system prior to the Great Depression?
0
A The money supply contracted.
(J
B Interest rates decreased.
U C The st ock market recovered.
0
0 Protective tariffs were repealed .
19 of 49
Which action kept the United States from joining the League of Nations?
u
A tllassive public protests
0 B Veto by the President
U
c
Opposition in the Senate
0 D Revision of treaties
20 of 49
After the start of World War II, the Lend- Lease Act allowed the United States to -
0 A acquire new weapons
0 B assist the Allied powers
u c occupy Axis territory
0 D reinstate the military draft
21 of 49
Onset of
World War II
?
Changing roles
for many women
in America
Which factor best completes this diagram?
(.) A tllass migration
0
B Labor shortages
(.) C Resource rationing
0
D High birthrates
22 of 49
• War bond drives
• Rationing
• Wage and price controls
During World War II, these measures served to -
0 A maintain supplies for the war effort
1.) B rebuild a war-damaged economy
0 C establish international relief funds
0 D protect personal savings
23 of 49
This emblem symbolizes the struggles of women tou A join the military
u
B earn respect as mothers
u
C gain rights as workers
v
D earn the right to vote
24 of 49
Which aspect of American life was most challenged by the passage of the 19th Amendment?
U A Organized religion
0 B Role of women
0
c
Economic policy
0 D Opposition to segregation
25 of 49
Registered Minority Voters
State
1960
1970
Texas
Georgia
Arkansas
35.5%
29.3%
38.0%
72.6%
57.2%
82.3%
Which president signed the 1965 legislation that made these changes possible?
0 A Harry S Truman
U B Dwight D. Eisenhower
0
c
Richard M. Nixon
0 D Lyndon B. Johnson
26 of 49
Which conflict best represents an application of the containment policy?
U A Spanish American War
0 B World War I
v c
World War II
0 D Vietnam War
27 of 49
The Eastern Hemisphere, 1980s
What country on this map did President Ronald Reagan describe as an "evil empire"?
() A 1
0 B 2
u c
3
0 D 4
28 of 49
I mmigration Push Factors - things that cause a
person to leave a country and move elsewhere
One push factor for many United States immigrants is that their native country has a -
0 A quality education system
U B lack of family connections
0 C diverse religious history
(.) D lack of employment opportunities
29 of 49
To deter and punish terrorist acts in the United states and
around the world, to enhance law enforcement investigatory
tools, and for other purposes.
This excerpt describes the purpose of the-
0 A Patriot Act
v
B Strategic Defense Initiative
0 C United Nations Participation Act
0
D Interstate Commerce Commission
30 of 49
The collapse of communism in the late 1980s led to the reunification of -
U A Germany
0 B Korea
U C Vietnam
0 D Yugoslavia
31 of 49
*
D a ily News
*
Jul! ll, 19'.15
President Announces
Normalization of
Relations with Vietnam
Which president made this announcement?
0 A Gerald Ford
0 B James carter, Jr.
0 C Ronald Reagan
U D William Clinton
32 of 49
In recent years, advances in technology have changed employers' expectations for job applicants
so that most United States employers now -
0 A believe workers must be loyal to their company
U B expect their employees to have computer skills
() C require workers to be able to operate heavy machines
0 D feel employees should have advanced scientific knowledge
33 of 49
How has the Internet affected the lives of rural Americans?
U A By attracting more medical professionals to rural areas
0 B By creating more blue-collar j obs in rural areas
0
c
By providing better access to information
0 D By lowering the cost of housing
34 of 49
Which regions are the source of most recent immigration to the United States?
0 A Latin America and Africa
0
8 Asia and l atin America
0
c
0
D Asia and Southern Europe
Western Europe and Africa
35 of 49
We crossed into Missouri out of the Indian country, near what is
now known as Baxter Springs. 1 sat on my horse every night while
we were coming through the Indian country; I was so afraid
something would scare the cattle that I could not sleep in the tent;
but we had no stampede.
-Tom Candy Ponting, 1853
This description concerns the -
U A transportation of cattle to markets in the Midwest
U B immigration of workers to build the Transcontinental Railroad
(; C movement of cattle to feed the troops during the Civil War
0
D relocation of settlers to new territory in the Midwest
36 of 49
The Open Door Policy was important to United States merchants because its goal was to-
U A ensure freedom of trade with China
U 8 control the economy of Latin America
0
c
grant exdusive trading rights with Hawaii
0 D limit commercial activity in Europe
37 of 49
During the 19th century, Chinese immigrants played a major role in the-
U A building of the Transcontinental Railroad
0 B development of the public school system
<.)
c
establishment of the abolition movement
0 D formation of the Tammany Society
38 of 49
Normandy, France
This wreckage is from a large-scale invasion to-
(.) A force the surrender of Japan
0 B liberate Europe
U
c
seek the support of Russia
0 D free Germany
39 of 49
The Battle of Stalingrad was significant because Germany was-
U A cut off from Italian reinforcements
0 8 denied access to valuable oil resources
U C forced to surrender its western armies
0 D invaded by Allied troops
40 of 49
The Soviet Union built the Berlin Wall in 1961 in order to-
U A reroute automobile traffic around downtown Berlin
U B prevent the transfer of money from Western Europe to the East
0
c
prevent escape of Eastern Europeans to the West
0 D fortify the government headquarters building in Berlin
41 of 49
1. Patrick Henry
2. George Mason
3. James Madison
4. George Washington
Which leaders opposed the ratification of the Constitution of 1787?
0 A 1 and 2
U B 3 and 4
0 C 1 and 3
U D 2 and 4
42 of 49
A strong national government is needed to facilitate commerce,
manage foreign trade, provide for the national defense, and
conduct foreign relations.
A person making such a statement would most likely favor the -
0 A Treaty of Paris
0 B Articles of Confederation
0 C Declaration of Independence
(..) D Constitution of the United States
43 of 49
Thomas Paine's publication of Common Sense influenced many American colonists to support the-
U A formation of loyalist groups
0 B concept of capitalist economies
U C idea of separation from England
0 D purchase of territory from France
44 of 49
The principles of the Declaration of Independence led to increased social participation over time by-
U A supporting low taxes
0 B creating the two-party system
0
c
promoting civil rights
0 D promoting a strong government
45 of 49
John Marshall was instrumental in strengthening the -
v
A State Department
U B Federal Reserve
U
c Electoral College
0 D Supreme Court
46 of 49
H -===:_J.
?
H.
Booming
L__b_us_in_ess
_ _..J.
L.
Value of stocks
dropped
Which phrase best completes this diagram?
0 A Foreign tariffs increased
U B Demand for goods declined
0 C Overspeculation of investments
U D Failure of banks
47 of 49
The founders of Rhode Island had different views from the Massachusetts Puritans on-
U A enslaved workers
0 B private property
0
c
indentured servants
0 D religious tolerance
48 of 49
John Locke's political theory was based on the idea that individuals-
U A obey their king
0 B free their slaves
0
c
need spiritual salvation
0 D possess natural rights
49 of 49
Virginia and United States History
Released Test Item Set Spring 2014
Answer Key
Sequence
Number
Correct
Answer
1
B
B
C
A
B
A
D
B
D
D
D
C
D
B
C
C
A
B
A
C
B
B
A
C
B
D
D
B
D
A
A
D
B
C
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Virginia and United States History
Reporting
Category
Reporting Category Description
001
Early America Through the Founding of the New Nation
001
Early America Through the Founding of the New Nation
001
Early America Through the Founding of the New Nation
001
Early America Through the Founding of the New Nation
001
Early America Through the Founding of the New Nation
001
Early America Through the Founding of the New Nation
002
Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction
002
Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction
002
Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction
002
Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction
002
Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction
002
Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction
002
Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction
002
Expansion, Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
003
Emergence of Modern America and World Conflict
004
The United States since World War II
004
The United States since World War II
004
The United States since World War II
004
The United States since World War II
004
The United States since World War II
004
The United States since World War II
004
The United States since World War II
004
The United States since World War II
004
The United States since World War II
Page 1
Sequence
Number
Correct
Answer
Reporting
Category
Reporting Category Description
35
B
A
A
A
B
B
C
A
D
C
C
D
C
D
D
004
The United States since World War II
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Virginia and United States History
005
Geography
005
Geography
005
Geography
005
Geography
005
Geography
005
Geography
006
Civics and Economics
006
Civics and Economics
006
Civics and Economics
006
Civics and Economics
006
Civics and Economics
006
Civics and Economics
006
Civics and Economics
006
Civics and Economics
Page 2
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