Bioenergy in Small Island Developing States – Sao Tome
and Principe and Portugal Technology Cooperation
COP 21 – Paris, Le Bourget
10th December 2015 | 18:30 – 20:00 | OR 03
OPENING
SESSION
Rita Sousa
Euronatura
PORTUGUESE COOPERATION ON
CLIMATE CHANGE:
EXPERIENCE AND SUPPORT TO
THE BIOENERGY PROJECT
Nuno Lacasta
President of Portuguese Environment Agency
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN
CLIMATE CHANGE
Arlindo de Carvalho
General Environment Director of Sao Tome and Principe
Sao Tome and Principe Project Coordinator
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
Geographical Context
Small island state consisting of two islands - Sao
Tome and Principe and several islets (uninhabited)
Located in the Gulf of Guinea, 300 km of African
Coast, from west of Gabon, between the parallels
1º 45’ North and 0º 25’ South and the meridians 6º
26’ East and 7º30’ West
This islands state is one of the smallest countries in
Africa with 1001 km2
Total population of about 187 000 inhabitants
Tropical climate characterized by hot and humid
conditions, influenced and modified by the
mountainous topography with two seasons
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
Climate Change Context
Sao Tome and Principe is one of the most affected countries by climate change
such as storm tides, flows and long dry seasons, with consequences for coast
communities and agriculture.
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
Climate Change Context
GHG emissions by sector 2005 (Gg CO2 eq)
2nd National Comunnication
•
•
•
Sector
CO2 Emissions
CO2 Removal
Energy
101,48
-
Forests and Land Use Change
73,78
727,57
Agriculture and Livestock
7,42
-
Industrial Processes and Wastes
13,96
-
TOTAL
196,63
727,57
Higher emissions in energy production
Any deflorestation
Waste = 7,33 Gg CO2 eq
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
Key Problems
According QUIBB (2005), just 48.5% of the total population of Sao Tome and
Principe has energy access. The rural areas are less privileged with only 33.7%
of population.
The destiny of waste in STP is mainly:
• disposal in non controlled dumps or in undifferentiated and improper
locations around communities
• burned
This constitutes a huge problem of public health by the contamination of air,
water and soil.
The waste management needs to be improved.
The energy used in household namely, non sustainable wood and carbon, is
considered the main GHG source of emitions.
READY TO ACT
Promotion the dissemination of this small scale
solution at the national level contributing
simultaneously for the adaptation and mitigation
to the climate change.
Presenting to the international community the
potential of replication of this initiative in special
in vulnerable countries to climate change.
TECHNOLOGY COOPERATION
BETWEEN SAO TOME AND
PRINCIPE AND PORTUGAL BIOENERGY PROJECT OVERVIEW
Maria João Martins
Implementing Entity Coordinator
Ecovisão
BIO&ENERGY
The Solution Idea to the Problem of Sao Tome
TO APPLY
TO EMPOWER
TO PROMOTE
TO TRAIN
TO RAISE
AWARENESS
BIO&ENERGY
The Project
BIOENERGY IN SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE:
BIOGAS ENERGY RECOVERY
COUNTRY
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
START DATE
DECEMBER 2014
GLOBAL BUDGET
€ 658,765.89
END DATE
JULY 2016
DURATION
18 MONTHS
BIO&ENERGY
The Project
Introduce waste anaerobic treatment technology for biogas production, through
the use of local domestic adapted small stoves.
The source for biogas production is the locally produced waste in household activities.
BIO&ENERGY
Sustainable Development Goals
BIO&ENERGY
The Solution
It is estimated that the
emission of pollutants
could fall by
0.4-0.9 billion tonnes of
CO2eq by 2020 as the
result of adopting clean
fuels such as biogas.
Using stoves designed
for burning biogas
favours complete
combustion, which
reduces the smoke
generated and the
danger this poses to
human health.
A small-scale anaerobic
digester may avoid the
consumption of around
0.25 hectares of forest
every year. Increases
the national forest
coverage, increasing the
ability of GHG
sequestration.
BIO&ENERGY
The Solution
Using organic waste in
this way minimises
contamination of the
soil and water.
Anaerobic digestion
produces a solid part
(as well as biogas)
which can be used as an
organic fertiliser.
Replacing firewood,
with the resulting
reduction in the
amount of time spent
collecting it, will allow
women and children to
carry out other
activities – literacy.
Anaerobic digesters can
be built locally, using
local materials, and
therefore contribute to
the local economy and
job creation.
BIO&ENERGY
Video
BIO&ENERGY
Results
• 4 prefabricated
biodigesters installed in
rural communities
• 1 biodigester built
using local materials in
a rural community
• Management,
operation and
maintenance manual
• Biodigester
construction manual
• 24 technicians trained
in anaerobic digestion
technologies
• 300 residents with
enhanced knowledge
on building, operating
and maintaining
biodigesters
BIO&ENERGY
Next Steps
Finding partners and financing entities to spread this solution in other countries
with high vulnerability to climate change.
Promote the using of local materials to digesters building in a sustainable way.
Technology transfer and working with local authorities, using Sao Tome and
Principe experience team.
BIO&ENERGY
Team
Arlindo Carvalho
Directorate-General for the Environment
Sao Tome and Principe coordinator
Maria João Martins
Ecovisão
General coordinator
Ana Justo
Ecovisão
Project management
Débora Carneiro
Ecovisão
Technical coordinator
Gordon Ayres
Ecovisão
Technical assistant
Abnilde Lima
Directorate-General for the Environment
Senior member of staff, Sao Tome and Principe
Antónia Júnior
Directorate-General for the Environment
Senior member of staff, Sao Tome and Principe
Constantina Oliveira
Directorate-General for the Environment
Senior member of staff, Sao Tome and Principe
Belizardo Neto
Directorate-General for the Environment
Senior member of staff, Sao Tome and Principe
Mayra Baía
Directorate-General for the Environment
Senior member of staff, Sao Tome and Principe
Leonardo do Rosário
Directorate-General for the Environment
Member of staff, Sao Tome and Principe
BIOENERGY PROJECT
FIRST RESULTS AND
NEXT STEPS
Débora Carneiro
Project Technical Coordinator
Ecovisão
BIOENERGY
Actions
BIOENERGY
Action I - Communities selection criteria
• Dimension of household
• Actual inexistence of energy
access or hypothetical stuation in
medium and long-term
• Agriculture and livestock potencial
• Accessibility and urban display
• Geographical proximity to Obô
Natural Park and buffer zone
33
Potential
communities
BIOENERGY
Action I - Fieldwork
WHY IS THIS SO IMPORTANT?
• Some information about
communities is not up-to-date
• Evaluate the availability of
communities for the project
Mendes
da Silva
4
Santa Clara
Potential communities
BIOENERGY
Action I - Data collection
• HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
• WEIGHING CAMPAIGNS FOR
ORGANIC WASTES
BIOENERGY
Action I - Data collection
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
126 families
531 people
Coverage rate:
98%
BIOENERGY
Action I - Data collection
WEIGHING CAMPAIGNS FOR ORGANIC WASTES
Mendes Silva | 1.9 kg/inhab/day
Santa Jenny| 1.1 kg/inhab/day
Dona Augusta | 0.5 kg/inhab/day
Novo Destino | 0.8 kg/inhab/day
BIOENERGY
Action I - Anaerobic Digesters Sizing
Santa Jenny
•
•
1 anaerobic digester
4 families | 10 people
Five Anaerobic Digesters
Novo
Destino
Mendes da
Silva
•
•
•
•
3 anaerobic digesters
7 families | 36 people
1 anaerobic digester
7 families | 30 people
Locally built unit
BIOENERGY
Action I – Site digesters delimitation
BIOENERGY
Action III & IV – Training and awareness session
BIO&ENERGY
Next Steps
• Start the installation of digesters
• Elaborate the manual for digesters building with local materials,
based on the experience gained from the work in progress on MdS
• Increase training actions for the capacitation of DGA ‘s technical staff,
in the implementation and operationalization of anaerobic digestion
solutions
• Continue with awareness-raising and training actions of the
communities, as an essential part of the proper execution and
replication engines
CONTACTS
Ecovisão
Tel.: + 351 220 433 309
+ 239 99 88 123
E-Mail: [email protected]
www.bioandenergy.com
Follow us at
@BioandEnergy
BIO&ENERGY