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Review for Unit 4 Test on “Imperialism”
1) Explain why the Crimean War and Boer War occurred, involving which countries and what was the
outcome?
2) What were some of the “firsts” of the Crimean War?....of the Boer War?
3) Explain the types of colonial rule used by imperial powers and why they used these methods? Which
countries tended to use these methods in which colonies? Give examples.
4) Which leaders attempted reforms in the following empires and what was the result?
Ottoman Empire:
Russian Empire:
Japanese Empire:
5) How did the British gain control of India? What was the reason for and result of the Sepoy Mutiny?
6) What catastrophe did the Irish face in the mid-19th century that caused them to emigrate from Ireland?
The largest numbers of Irish went to which country?
7) Which problems did the Qing Dynasty face in the 19th century? What was the effect on China?
8) Explain how each of these could be used to justify imperialism:
Herbert Spencer’s “Social Darwinism”
Rudyard Kipling’s “The White Man’s Burden”
9) Name each of the countries of Southeast Asia and the imperial power that controlled each by the end of
the 19th century. Which country in the region was the only one to remain independent? Why?
10) Who freed the Russian serfs? Why was this important to Russia?
11) Why were the imperial powers able to divide up Africa? In which conference did they decide much
about the fate of Africa?
12) Describe the significance to Japan of the each of the following:
The Treaty of Kanagawa:
The Treaty of Portsmouth:
13) How did the U.S. become an imperial power in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? Where did it face
the most resistance from which native leader?
14) How did the Meiji leaders undertake to keep Japan free from western imperial rule? Why was Japan
able to do so while China was not?
15) During which period was most of Africa colonized? Which were the only two countries to remain
independent in Africa as of the end of the 19th century? Why?
16) Explain the significance of the following:
The Battle of Adowa:
The Battle of Insandlwana:
17) In which way were Australia and New Zealand advanced over other western countries by the early
20th century? How were they similar to the U.S. in their treatment of their native peoples?