Building Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams
You will be working in pairs to create Bohr-Rutherford diagrams of the first 20 elements on the
Periodic Table.
Materials
- Periodic Table
- Paper materials (name cards and blank Bohr-Rutherford models)
- Tape or glue
- Large piece of paper(s)
- A marker
Procedure
1. Gather materials from the side of the classroom. You should have 20 pieces of white paper with
templates for Bohr-Rutherford diagrams of the atom and twenty element names. Please share
tape and other materials (i.e., markers, if wanted) with the whole class.
2. On the element name labels, write the atomic number and mass number for each element. For
assistance, reference our classroom’s periodic table or your own periodic table.
3. Organize the element names by increasing atomic number. Be sure to use the periodic table to
keep the elements in their correct periods and groups.
4. Complete the necessary information on the element name cards by writing the appropriate
number of protons, neutrons, and electrons that would be located in each type of atom. Again,
be sure to reference the periodic table to do so.
5. Based on the number of electrons in the atom, choose the correct Bohr-Rutherford template
(with the correct number of orbits) for each atom. Remember, you must fill each orbit with
electrons before adding additional orbits to the atom.
6. For each atom, you must complete the following,
a) With a marker, write the correct number of protons and neutrons in the appropriate
places on the Bohr-Rutherford templates.
b) Draw in the correct number of electrons in the appropriate locations.
7. Tape your completed element names and Bohr-Rutherford diagrams onto a large piece of paper.
Ensure that you organize the elements in their correct periods and groups.
Analysis
1. How many orbits are observed in the atoms of elements in:
Period 1? ___________
Period 3? __________
Period 2? ___________
Period 4? __________
CONCLUSION:
What relationship did you discover about the number of orbits in the periodic table?
______
2. How many valence electrons are observed in the atoms of elements in:
Group 1? ___________
Group 13? __________
Group 15? __________
Group 17? __________
Group 2? ___________
Group 14? __________
Group 16? __________
Group 18? __________
CONCLUSION:
What relationship did you discover about the number of valence electrons in the periodic table?
________________________
3. Using evidence from Questions 1 and 2, fill in the following table.
Element
Barium (Ba)
Bromine (Br)
Tin (Sn)
Number of Orbits
Number of Valence Electrons
p+
n-
Nucleus
p+
n-
Nucleus
p+
n-
Nucleus
p+
n-
Nucleus
p+
n-
Nucleus
p+
n-
Nucleus
p+
n-
Nucleus
HYDROGEN
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
HELIUM
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
LITHIUM
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
BERYLLIUM
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
BORON
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
CARBON
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
NITROGEN
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
OXYGEN
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
FLUORINE
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
NEON
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
SODIUM
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
MAGNESIUM
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
ALULMINUM
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
SILICON
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
PHOSPHOROUS
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
SULFUR
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
CHLORINE
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
ARGON
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
POTASSIUM
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
CALCLIUM
Atomic Number:
Mass Number:
# Protons:
# Neutrons:
# Electrons:
Name: ______________________________
Partner: ____________________________
Building Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams
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Criteria
Accurately labeled all requirements (atomic
number, mass number, number of protons,
number of neutrons, number of electrons) on
the element cards.
Accurately organized elements into their
correct periods and groups.
The number of protons and neutrons are
included on each Bohr-Rutherford diagram.
Electrons are placed in the correct locations
on the Bohr-Rutherford diagrams.
Analysis of orbits is correct and logical.
 Analysis of valence electrons is correct and
logical.
 Application of orbit and valence electrons
trends are correct for Ba, Br, and Sn.
TOTAL
Additional Comments:
Marks
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