INT 197T
Reacting to the Past: Conflict and Revolution in Early Modern Europe
Fall 2008
CRN: 73363
Information for Dr. Reagin:
Office: 41 Park Row, Rm 1503
Office Hours: Mon/Wed (9:30-10), Mon (1:30-2:30, 3:30-5), Wed (3:30-5)
Phone: 212-346-1676
Home phone: 973-746-3903
Email: [email protected]
Information for Dr. Driver:
Office:
41 Park Row, Rm 1525
Office Hours: Monday (9-10, 3:30-4:30), Wednesday (8:30-9, 2:30-5), and by
appointment
Phone:
212-346-1672
E-mail:
[email protected], [email protected]
Texts
D.G. Newcombe, Henry VIII and the English Reformation
Thomas More, Utopia
J. Patrick Coby, Henry VIII and the Reformation Parliament
Mark Carnes and Michael Winship, The Trial of Anne Hutchinson
William Shakespeare, Henry VIII
In addition to these assigned texts, we will be distributing a variety of
photocopied readings in class or posting them on library reserve (or on the
course Blackboard) for you to print out. Students will also receive individual
reading assignments that focus on the particular historical characters that they
are assigned in the ReActing games.
Course Description
This course uses the ReActing to the Past historical pedagogy, along with
literary, film, religious, and art history texts, to help students understand a series
of religious, historical and political controversies. These include: the causes and
development of the Protestant Reformation during the sixteenth century; the
political history of England under Henry VIII; sixteenth and seventeenth century
understandings of gender roles; and subsequent political and religious
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controversies in seventeenth-century New England. Literary texts (including
poetry and drama) will be studied closely to help students understand social and
cultural attitudes during these revolutionary periods. Students will engage with
texts and debates that were central to the political, social, and cultural changes
that took place. Specifically, students will study the Protestant Reformation and
its associated political changes within the context of two ReActing to the Past
games in which students will take the roles of people who lived during the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, write essays in character and deliver
arguments on opposing sides of various debates. To fulfill the requirement for
ENG 120 (in addition to AOK II and the Learning Community requirements),
students will write a range of essays in response to a variety of literary and
nonfiction works; revision and editing of essays will be taught.
Course Objectives (Learning Outcomes)
To develop understanding and appreciation of history and literature
To increase skill in analytical and critical reading
To expand research skills, learning to use databases as well as traditional
research methods
To explore primary sources from the Tudor and early colonial periods
To sharpen verbal expression, writing skills, and organization of ideas
through the process of composing traditional essays
To learn to proofread, revise and edit essays
To engage in active discussion of literary works, history, art, film
To gain insight into earlier cultures and their continued influence
Requirements
Attendance
Oral reports as well as group analysis of and presentations on the readings are
required. The student should be prepared to participate intelligently in each class
discussion. If you must be absent, contact Dr Driver or Dr Reagin by e-mail or by
phone, and get the notes from a classmate. Check Blackboard for all postings. If
you still have questions after studying the notes and the reading assignment for
the week, please make an appointment with or e-mail one of the professors. If
you get a low grade on a writing assignment, or if you can't make sense of the
reading assignments, or if you have problems understanding the main points of
the lectures, COME TALK TO US ABOUT IT DURING OUR OFFICE HOURS.
It's probably a difficulty we've seen before, and we may be able to offer helpful
suggestions about overcoming it. If you have a question in class, just raise your
hand.
Reading
Some required readings will be placed on online reserve. Check the reading
calendar of this syllabus for these. Students are expected to read all assignments
carefully and on time. All assigned readings will be discussed and explained in
class. Some material is difficult and will require extra time and attention. Let us
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know if you have questions on the readings or whether you are having difficulty
keeping up; we can then adjust as needed. A reading schedule is attached.
Writing
ENG 120 requires that students compose a minimum of six papers, at least two
of which should be revisions. One of these essays should be a longer research
project. Students will write argumentative essays or position papers that put
forward a clear controlling idea and that are well organized, consider opposing
viewpoints, and include persuasive supporting evidence. In the process of
composition, students will develop their awareness of their audience and of
genres and forms of writing. Students will be taught MLA and Chicago citation
methods and will learn to cite texts properly. Papers will be revised to clarify
wording and develop ideas more strongly. Papers will generally first be
composed for public presentation and will include a thesis or main argument,
unified paragraphs, transitional sentences and phrases, and credible uses of
supporting evidence. Students will further learn to edit their work so as to insure
correct usage of grammar, spelling and mechanics. Incorrect grammar and
spelling will lower your grade. (It is helpful to consult a dictionary and to bring
one with you to class.) In addition to the two revisions, papers may be re-written
and re-submitted with the original draft for consideration at the discretion of Drs D
and R. All written and spoken assignments must be completed.
The Research Essay
This essay may be developed out of previous assigned essays for this class. It
should be 5-7 pages in length and use correct forms of MLA-style citations and
bibliography (or alternatively endnotes and bibliography). Students will learn to
locate and evaluate a range of secondary sources using online library
catalogues, databases, and Internet search engines, along with books and
articles. Students must further distinguish between writing summary, paraphrase
and the use of direct quotations (and citations for same) and incorporate all of
these into the research essay. See the reading calendar for due dates.
Late papers may be allowed, but only for a very short list of valid reasons, which
include jury duty, an illness certified by a physician, or a death in your family. We
may require proof in each case
Scholastic Integrity
Cheating and plagiarism (copying an answer from someone else's essay or a
book or using the text or ideas and arguments of another person without
attribution) are the most serious offenses in academic life. If they occur, you will
lose credit for the work in question, and your grade will certainly suffer. In
addition, Pace procedures for handling cases of scholastic dishonesty will be
initiated. We will discuss what plagiarism is so that you can avoid making
mistakes in attribution and citation without intending to do so. Essays that have
been plagiarized, whether in whole or in part, will receive an F.
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E-mail and Internet Access
Each student in the class should have a working e-mail account through Pace or
another source as well as access to the Internet, which may be obtained through
computers in Birnbaum Library. Be sure you have given a working copy of your
e-mail address to both professors.
Grades
Your grade will be based on your performance in classroom discussions, on
essays you will write at home and present to the class, and on your performance
in the Ann Hutchinson and Henry VIII games. To do well in this class, you will
need to do the reading assignments before class sessions and participate in both
discussions and the games. In evaluating your game performance, we will be
assessing how well you achieved the “victory objectives” defined for your
assigned role in each game. You will find that it is not possible to do well without
having done the readings. Your grade will be weighted as follows:
Participation in classroom discussions: 40%
and in the ReActing games
6 Essays (with two revisions):
60% total
(note: two of the six essays will be revised and resubmitted. The revised essays
each count for 15% of your grade; the remaining three essays count for 10% of
your total grade).
Class Schedule, Reading and Essay Assignments
Week 1
Wed., Sept 3
Introduction to course: requirements, syllabus, reading list and additional
bibliography (to help with research assignments), discussion of plagiarism
Lecture: What was the Reformation? Introducing Wycliffe, Hus, and
Luther
Reading assignment for next session: over the weekend, read Carnes and
Winship, The Trial of Anne Hutchinson, pp. 18-19 (historical background); H.G.
Haile, Luther: An Experiment in Biography, pp. 165-174 (handout); Coby, Henry
VIII and the Reformation Parliament, pp. 103-133 (excerpts from Luther‟s
Address to the Christian Nobility. Babylonian Captivity, and Concerning Christian
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Liberty). Suggestion: make a list of any terms you do not understand or questions
you have for the next class.
Week 2
Mon., Sept. 8
Discuss Luther readings
Lecture: The printing press and the rise in literacy
Read Driver, “Iconoclasm and Reform,” Image in Print, pp. 185-214; read and
compare Bible translations of Wycliffe-Purvey, Tyndale, Geneva, Rheims-Douai,
King James versions (some texts taken from John King, ed., Voices of the
English Reformation: A Sourcebook, pp. 19-21, 33-36); William Tyndale, from
Obedience of a Christian Man (King, pp. 37-44); Thomas More, from The
Confutation of Tyndale’s Answer (King, pp. 45-48).
Wed., Sept 10
Writing workshop: writing the argument essay
Lecture and discussion: the Bible and pamphlet wars
Roles for Anne Hutchinson game and first essay assignment
distributed
To read for next week (September 17): readings by or about Calvin, including
excerpts from David C. Steinmetz, “Calvin and the Patristic Exegesis of Paul,”
pp. 110-118 (from Steinmetz, ed., The Bible in the Sixteenth Century), excerpts
from Calvin‟s “Institutes of the Christian Religion,” pp. 704-711, in James Bruce
Ross and Mary Martin McLaughlin, The Portable Renaissance Reader; Bible
Verses with Calvin‟s Commentary (handout); Bible Verses Used in Past Trials of
Anne Hutchinson (handout); Carnes and Winship, The Trial of Anne Hutchinson,
pp. 1-10, 20-32.
Week 3
Mon, Sept. 15
Film: Luther (2003, d. Eric Till, with Joseph Fiennes, Alfred Molina,
Peter Ustinov, Bruno Ganz), clips beginning at scene 3.
To read for next session: Carnes and Winship, The Trial of Anne Hutchinson pp.
11-18, 33-51, 61-64. Helpful sources for Anne include access to a Protestant
Bible (Revised Standard Version is online); also check the bibliography attached.
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Wed. Sept. 17
Writing workshop on character analysis
Discussion of Calvin‟s theology
Discuss assigned readings
Continue work on Anne Hutchinson roles and your first essay assignment.
Week 4
Mon., Sept 22
Politics and Religion in Colonial Massachusetts: guest lecture by
Prof. Offutt
First faction meetings
To read for next session: Carnes and Winship, The Trial of Anne Hutchinson pp.
65-103.
Wed., Sept. 24th
Note: first essay is due at start of class
First Game session
Week 5
Mon. Sept. 30
Note: second essay assignment distributed
Second Game session
Wed., Oct. 1
Third Game session
Week 6
Mon. Oct. 6
Fourth Game session
Second essay assignment due at start of class.
For next session: read Lacey, “The King‟s Great Matter,” pp. 63-77;
Shakespeare‟s Henry VIII, Acts 1-3; read D.G. Newcombe, Henry VIII and the
English Reformation, pp. 7-31.
Wed., Oct. 8
Lecture and discussion of Henry VIII (film clips, CD reading)
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Third essay assignment, on Henry VIII, distributed
Complete reading Henry VIII, Acts 4-5; read Newcombe, Henry VIII and the
English Reformation, pp. 31-51.
Week 7
Mon., Oct. 13
Henry VIII: clips, CD reading, student readings
Read Gordon McMullan, “„Thou Hast Made Me Now a Man‟: Reforming
Man(ner)liness in Henry VIII,” from Shakespeare’s Late Plays: New Readings
(handout).
To read for next session: Begin More‟s Utopia. You must finish reading Utopia by
Oct. 22nd.
Wed., Oct. 15
Complete readings from and discussion of Henry VIII
To read for next session: Coby, Henry VIII and the Reformation Parliament, pp.
8-23; excerpts from Erasmus, The Education of a Christian Prince.
Week 8
Mon., Oct. 20
The Tudors, clips from the first season (episodes 1-2)
Henry VIII essay due at start of class
Continue reading More‟s Utopia.
Wed., Oct. 22
Discuss Utopia
The Tudors, clips from the first season (episode 3, part of 4, 5)
To read for next session: Skelton, excerpts from “The Tunning of Elinor
Rumming,” “The Garland of Laurell,” Wyatt‟s verse, More‟s “Pageant Verses,” “A
Rueful Lamentation.”
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Week 9
Mon., Oct. 27
Lecture and discussion of readings: Skelton, Wyatt, More
Henry VIII‟s court and Hans Holbein
Henry VIII essay returned for revision
To read for next session: Coby, Henry VIII and the Reformation Parliament, pp.
52-102, excerpts from Machiavelli and Marsilius of Padua; letters of Catherine of
Aragon and Anne Boleyn (handouts).
Wed., Oct. 29
Trip to museum
Continue reading Machiavelli‟s The Prince and Marsilius of Padua; letters of
Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn.
Week 10
Mon., Nov. 3
Letters of Catherine and Anne: discussion
Revised and final draft of Henry VIII essay due at start of class
Role sheets for Henry VIII game distributed
Fourth essay assignment distributed
To read for next session: Coby, Henry VIII and the Reformation Parliament, pp.
2-7, 29-51, as well as individual readings assigned for your character from the
Dictionary of National Biography or other sources.
Wed., Nov. 5
Discuss Machiavelli and Marsilius
Each participant introduces his/her character, briefly
Interviews with patrons
First Game session: Wolsey and anti-clericalism
Week 11
Mon., Nov. 10
Second Game session: Praemunire
Lutheranism
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Wed., Nov. 12
Third Game Session: Supremacy of State over Church
Fourth essay due at start of class
Week 12
Mon., Nov. 17
Fourth Game session: Independence of England from Rome
Divorce
Final essay assignment distributed
Wed., Nov. 19
Fifth Game session
Week 13
Mon., Nov. 24
Final essay due at start of class
The Tudors, Season 1, episodes 8-9
Week 14
Mon., Dec. 1
Sixth Game session
Wed., Dec. 3
Special Game session
Final essay returned to students for revision: revised draft due Dec.
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Post-mortem on Game. Read D.G. Newcombe, Henry VIII and the
English Reformation, pp. 52-75; skim “How a Maiden Keeps Her
Head: Anne Boleyn, Elizabeth I, and the Perils of Marriage,” in
Frances E. Dolan, Marriage and Violence: The Early Modern
Legacy, pp. 132-163 (handout).
Additional Bibliography
Aston, Margaret. England’s Iconoclasts. NY: Oxford UP, 1988.
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__________. Faith and Fire: Popular and Unpopular Religion, 1350-1600. London:
Hambleton Press, 1993.
___________. The King’s Bedpost: Reformation and Iconography in a Tudor Group
Portrait. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1993.
Aughterson, Kate. Renaissance Woman: A Sourcebook. Constructions of Femininity in
England. NY: Routledge, 1995. Includes excerpts from Juan Luis Vives, The Instruction
of a Christian woman (1523).
Baldwin, William. Beware the Cat: The First English Novel. Intro. William A. Ringler,
Jr., and Michael Flachmann. San Marino: Huntington Library, 1988; repr. 1995. A very
strange and witty novel (1553), the earliest work of English prose fiction written during
reign of Edward VI, brilliant satire.
Bainton, Roland H. The Reformation of the Sixteenth Century. Boston: Beacon Press,
1952; repr. 1956. Background on Luther and Calvin.
Coby, J. Patrick. Henry VIII and the Reformation Parliament. New York: Pearson
Longman, 2006.
Crawford, Anne. Letters of the Queens of England, 1100-1547. Dover, NH: Alan Sutton,
1994. Includes letters of Katherine of Aragon to her father, Ferdinand II of Aragon,
Thomas Wolsey, Henry VIII, and of Anne Boleyn to Wolsey, Thomas Cromwell and
Henry.
Cressy, David. Agnes Bowker’s Cat: Travesties and Transgressions in Tudor and Stuart
England. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2000.
__________ and Lori Anne Ferrell, eds. Religion and Society in Early Modern England:
a Sourcebook. NY: Routledge, 1996.
Daniel, David. The Bible in English: Its History and Influence. New Haven: Yale UP,
2003.
Dolan, Frances E. “How a Maiden Keeps Her Head: Anne Boleyne, Elizabeth I, and the
Perils of Marriage.” In Marriage and Violence: The Early Modern Legacy. Philadelphia:
University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008. 132-163.
Driver, Martha. The Image in Print: Book Illustration in Late Medieval England and Its
Sources. London: British Library, 2004.
Duffy, Eamon. The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England, c. 1400 – c.
1580. New Haven: Yale UP, 1992.
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__________. The Voices of Morebath: Reformation & Rebellion in an English Village.
New Haven: Yale UP, 2001. (especially chapters 4, 5)
Dunn, Richard S. “John Winthrop Writes His Journal.” William and Mary Quarterly.
Third Series. 41.2 (Apr., 1984): 186-212.
Eire, Carlos M. N. War Against the Idols: The Reformation of Worship from Erasmus to
Calvin. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1986; repr. 1989. Useful and clearly written
background on reformations from Wyclif to Calvin.
Erasmus, Desiderius. Praise of Folly. Trans. Betty Radice. NY: Penguin, 1971; repr.
1975. (or any edition, excerpts)
Greenblatt, Stephen. Renaissance Self-Fashioning: From More to Shakespeare. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1980.
Griffiths, Jane. John Skelton and Poetic Authority: Defining the Liberty to Speak. Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 2006. Poet and priest, Skelton was Henry’s tutor until 1502/3. See also
Scattergood edition below.
Haigh, Christopher, ed. The English Reformation Revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge UP,
1987.
Harding, David P. Two Early Tudor Lives: The Life and Death of Cardinal Wolsey, by
George Cavendish and The Life of Sir Thomas More, by William Roper. New Haven:
Yale UP, 1962.
Jansen, Sharon L. Dangerous Talk and Strange Behavior: Women and Popular
Resistance to the Reforms of Henry VIII. London: Macmillan Press, 1996. Pertinent
chapters on Margaret Cheyne (executed just after Anne Boleyn), Elizabeth Barton, the
“Holy Maid of Kent.”
Jordan, Constance. Renaissance Feminism: Literary Texts and Political Models. Ithaca:
Cornell UP, 1990. Useful theoretical approaches, mainly concerns the Continent.
King, John N. English Reformation Literature: The Tudor Origins of the Protestant
Tradition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.
__________. Foxe’s Book of Martyrs and Early Modern Print Culture. Cambridge:
Cambridge UP, 2006.
__________. Tudor Royal Iconography: Literature and Art in an Age of Religious Crisis.
Princeton: Princeton UP, 1989.
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__________, ed. Voices of the English Reformation: A Sourcebook. Philadelphia:
University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004. Excerpts from Bible translations, religious
writers and translators (Tyndale), most later than our focus of concentration.
Koehler, Lyle. “The Case of the American Jezebels: Anne Hutchinson and Female
Agitation during the Years of Antinomian Turmoil, 1636-1640. William and Mary
Quarterly. Third Series. 31.1 (Jan., 1974): 55-78. Available through JSTOR (database
accessible through Pace U website).
Lacey, Robert. The Life and Times of Henry VIII. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson,
1972; repr. 1996. Chapter 3 “The King’s Great Matter, 1520-8” includes basic
background.
Levy, F.J. Tudor Historical Thought. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004.
Describes the formation and influences of various types of historical writing in England.
Machiavelli, Niccolò. The Prince. Trans. George Bull. New York: Penguin, 1961; repr.
1999. (or any translation)
More, St Thomas. Thomas More’s Prayer Book: A Facsimile Reproduction. Intro and ed.
Louis L. Martz and Richard S. Sylvester. New Haven: Yale UP, 1969.
__________. Utopia. Ed. Edward Surtz. New Haven: Yale UP, 1964; repr. 1975. (or any
edition)
Newcombe, D.G. Henry VIII and the English Reformation. NY: Routledge, 1995; repr.
2006.
Ozment, Steven. The Age of Reform 1250-1550: An Intellectual and Religious History of
Late Medieval and Reformation Europe. New Haven: Yale UP, 1980.
Powicke, Maurice. The Reformation in England. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1941; repr. 1963.
Ross, James Bruce and Mary Martin McLaughlin. The Portable Renaissance Reader.
New York: Viking Press, 1953, rev. ed. 1969. Includes excerpts from Calvin’s “Institutes
of the Christian Religion,” pp. 704-711.
Salzman, Paul, ed. An Anthology of Elizabethan Prose Fiction. NY: Oxford UP, 1987.
Contains edition of Thomas Deloney, Jack of Newbury, a text that includes Henry VIII,
Katherine of Aragon and Wolsey. Text available online at
http://courses.essex.ac.uk/lt/lt361/additional%20pages/jack_of_newbury.htm
Scattergood, John, ed. John Skelton: The Complete English Poems. NY: Penguin, 1983.
Poems relating to Tudor London, women or the court of Henry VIII include: “Manerly
Margery Mylk and Ale,” “Garlande of Laurell,” “Colyn Clout,” “Speke Parott,” “Why
Come Ye Not to Court?” “A Replycacion Agaynst Certayne Yong Scolers.”
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Sorel, Nancy Caldwell. Ever Since Eve: Personal Reflections on Childbirth. NY: Oxford
UP, 1984. Excerpts from Anne Boleyn, “I Had a Wide Desire to Eat Apples”;
“Childbearing on the Mayflower”; “Colonial Childbirth, the Best Gossip Time.”
Shakespeare, William (with John Fletcher?). King Henry VIII. London: Arden
Shakespeare, 2000.
Steinmetz, David C. The Bible in the Sixteenth Century. Durham: Duke University Press,
1990.
Strong, Roy. Art and Power: Renaissance Festivals, 1450-1650. Woodbridge, Suffolk,
UK: Boydell Press, 1984.
__________. Artists of the Tudor Court: The Portrait Miniature Rediscovered 15201620. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1983.
__________. Holbein and Henry VIII. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul for the Paul
Mellon Foundation for British Art, 1967.
__________. The Tudor and Stuart Monarchy: Pageantry, Painting, Iconography. 3 vols.
Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: 1995-1998.
Sylvester, Richard S., ed. English Sixteenth-Century Verse: An Anthology. NY: Norton,
1974; repr. 1984. Includes selections from John Skelton, Sir Thomas More, Sir Thomas
Wyatt (esp “They Flee From Me,” “Whoso List to Hunt”).
__________ and G. P. Marc’hadour. Essential Articles for the Study of Thomas More.
Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1977.
Walker, Greg, ed. Goodly Queen Hester. In Medieval Drama: An Anthology. Oxford:
Blackwell, 2000. Written and performed in the 1520s, a moral interlude that features
Katherine of Aragon as Esther, Henry as Assuerus, and Wolsey as Haman.
__________. John Skelton and the Politics of the 1520s. NY: Cambridge, UP, 1988.
__________. Persuasive Fictions: Faction, Faith, and Political Culture in the Reign of
Henry VIII. Brookfield, Vt.: Ashgate Publishers, 1996.
Watt, Tessa. Cheap Print and Popular Piety, 1550-1640. Cambridge: Cambridge UP,
1991.
Wieck, Roger S., William M. Voelkle, and K. Michelle Hearne. The Hours of Henry
VIII: A Renaissance Masterpiece by Jean Poyet. New York: George Braziller and The
Pierpont Morgan Library, 2000.
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Willen, Diane. “Women and Religion in Early Modern England.” In Women in
Reformation and Counter-Reformation Europe: Public and Private Worlds.
Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1989. 140-165. A good overview from late medieval Lollardy
through Henrician Reformation.
Wilson, Katharina M., ed. Women Writers of the Renaissance and Reformation. Athens:
University of Georgia Press, 1987.
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