Government ISN
1st Nine Weeks
1
What is the purpose of government?
“Why has government been instituted at all?
Because the passions of men will not conform to
the dictates of reason and justice, without
constraint.”
What is a government?
2
What is geography?
The study of the earth and the way people
live on it.
Physical
Landforms, soils, natural resources, climate,
vegetation, or animal life
Cultural
Language, religion, customs, political
system, history, economic system
5 Themes of
Geography
M ovement - how far something travels and
how conditions affect travel.
R. egion - below
H uman
E nvironment Interaction - the way humans
and the environment impact one another.
L ocation where a place is. Absolute –
excact (longitude, latitude, address)
P lace - human characteristics and physical
characteristics.
3 Types of Regions
A formal region is defined by actual
boundaries.
A functional region is defined by function
(newspaper route, cell phone coverage,
school district, etc.)
A perceptual region is defined by people’s
perception (how they view it)
“If men were angels no government would be
necessary.”
3
Roots of American Democracy
What is a “State?”
4
State Is a politically organized society or group of
people
Characteristics of a State
1. Territory: a state must have land with
recognized and known boundaries
2. Population: a state must have people
3. Government: every state is organized
politically through some from of government
4. Sovereignty: a state is not below any other
power; it has supreme and absolute power
to decide domestic and foreign policy within
its territory
5
Foldable
Colonial Influences and Independence
6
Rule of Law -All people must follow the laws, and
the laws should be enforced fairly.
Self Government - People can make decisions on
how their government should work.
Due Process - People have the right to fair and
reasonable laws. Officials have to follow rules
when enforcing laws and need to treat all people
in the same way.
Limited Government - A government that has
been limited in power by a constitution, or written
agreement.
Rights - A set of things that people believe they
should be free to do without restrictions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The American colonies were able to grow
and expand without much interference.
Following the costly French and Indian
War, Britain tightened control over the
colonies.
King George III and Parliament imposed
taxes to generate revenue, which led to
protests.
Opposition to British policies united the
colonists and developed an American
sense of community.
Committees of correspondence developed
a communication network among colonies
7
Just Right Government
Break Up Letter
Write a minimum 4 sentences
break up letter to your significant other.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
8
Has enough ________ to do its job
Doesn’t give anyone too ______ power
Considers the needs of all _________
Lets people have a ________
Protects individual __________
In 1777, the Americans wrote their first plan for government in a
document called the Articles of Confederation.
A confederation is a _________ of individuals _______ together
for a _________.
1.
Each state was _________________ and had its own
________________.
2.
Each state would send _______________ to the
“Congress of the Confederation.”
3.
The Congress was the only ____________ government.
There was no ___________.
4.
In Congress, each state got _______ vote.
9
Pie Charts
Compromises
10
A compromise of the two plans:
3 Separate Branches of Government with checks and
balances National Judiciary and Weak, one person,
Executive
Other Compromises
3/5 Compromise: when counting population for both tax
and representation, a slave would count as 3/5ths of a
person [Removed from the Constitution in 1865 by 13th
Amendment]
The Commerce Compromise: the national government will
control trade between states, but will NOT tax exports of
any states (primarily in favor of the southern agricultural
economy)
The Slave Trade Compromise: Congress will not interfere
with the slave trade for at least 20 years after the ratification
of the Constitution
Term of President: there will be no term limit for the
president
Electoral College: the president will be elected by a
separate body (not by direct election or legislature vote)
11
Federalism
12
Federalism is the system of government in which a
written constitution divides the powers of government.
Delegated powers – those powers, expressed, implied,
or inherent, granted to the National Government by the
Constitution
Exclusive Powers – Those powers of the National
Government alone.
Expressed Powers – Those powers of the National
Government that are spelled out, expressly, in the
Constitution; also called the “enumerated powers”
Implied Powers – Those delegated powers of the National
Government that are suggested by the expressed powers
set out in the Constitution’ those “necessary and proper” to
carry out the expressed powers.
Inherent Powers – powers the Constitution is presumed to
have delegated to the National Government because it is
the government of a sovereign state within the world
community
Reserved Powers – Those powers that the Constitution
does not grant to the National Government and does not
deny to the States
Concurrent Powers – Those powers that both the National
Government and the States possess and exercise
13
Test Corrections
Stapled Scantron
14
Political Socialization
Why do I think the way I think?16
15
If you were to register for a political
party what political party would you
choose? Why?
Political Socialization – is the process by which we learn
and acquire our political beliefs and behaviors.
A political spectrum is used to help us visualize the meaning
of these labels
Liberals – Value strong central governments in order to
safe-guard economic security and to protect civil rights.
They also believe in personal freedom from government
intervention in social conduct. (Liberals vote Democrats)
Conservatives – Hold traditional values. They believe in
limited government and prefer self- reliance in economic
affairs. Morality is an important public policy and should not
be seen as only a private concern.