9/10/14
THE METRIC SYSTEM
WHAT INSPIRED ITS CREATION?
•  By the 18th century,
dozens of different
units were used
–  Length = feet, inches,
miles, spans, cubits,
hands, furlongs,
palms, rods, chains,
leagues, etc.
TO LEARN LIQUID
MEASUREMENT IN THE US
DURING THE…..
•  1700’s
–  Two mouthfuls are a jigger; two jiggers are a jack; two
jacks are a jill; two jills are a cup; two cups are a pint;
two pints are a quart; two quarts are a pottle; two
pottles are gallon; two gallons are a pail; two pails are
a peck; two pecks are a bushel; two bushels are a
strike; two strikes are a coomb; two coombs are a
cask; two casks are a barrel; two barrels are a
hogshead; two hoghead are a pipe; two pipes are a
tun
WHO CREATED IT?
•  The French created
the Système
International d’Unités
(SI)
•  2000
–  3 teaspoons are a tablespoon, 16 tablespoons are a
cup, 2 cups are a pint, 2 pints are a quart, and 4
quarts are a gallon
HOW DOES IT WORK?
•  Each type of measurement has a specific
base unit
–  Length = meter
–  Weight (Mass) = gram
–  Volume = liter
How does it work (continued)?
•  Prefixes indicate relationship to the base
unit
•  Everything is in groups of tens
–  For example what exactly is a centimeter?
•  The prefix Centi means 100
•  Meter is the base unit for length
•  Centimeter = 100 centimeters in 1 meter
1
9/10/14
TRICKS TO REMEMBER
•  Because prefixes are based on powers of 10,
each step from base is either 10 times larger or
10 times smaller
–  Centimeters are 100 times smaller than a
meters (you can fit 100 in 1 meter)
Example not to scale
41
42
1 meter
41
42
kilo
King
hecto
Henry
deca
Died
Base
Units
meter
gram
liter
deci
centi
milli
Before Drinking Chocolate Milk
An easier way….
LET’S MAKE IT WORK
–  Move the decimal point one place for each
“step” desired
•  For each “step” to right, you are multiplying by 10
Example: change meters to centimeters
•  For example, let’s go from a base unit to centi
1 liter = 10 deciliters = 100 centiliters
2 steps to the left
1 x 10 = 10 10 x 10 = 100
Move decimal two steps to the left
kilo
hecto
deca
Base
Units
meter
gram
liter
1. meter to 10. is one step; to 100. is two steps
deci
centi
milli
1 meter = 100 centimeters
kilo
Let’s try another
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
milli
PUT IT TOGETHER
Example: Change meters to kilometers
•  If you move to the left in the diagram, move the
decimal to the left
•  If you move to the right in the diagram, move the
decimal to the right
3 steps to the right
Move decimal 3 steps to the right
1.  to .1 for one step; to .01 for two steps; to .001 for
three steps
kilo
1 meter = 0.001 kilometers
kilo
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
hecto
deca
meter
liter
gram
deci
centi
milli
milli
2
9/10/14
WHY DO WE USE IT?
•  Standardization
•  It’s easy!
Avoid this!
REFERENCE POINTS
Weight = grams
•  German Sheppard =
–  39 kg (85 lb)
•  Kitten =
–  1.5 kg (3.5 lb)
REFERENCE POINTS
Weight = grams
REFERENCE POINTS
Length = meters
•  1 mouse = 22 g
•  From OSHS to Vegas
= 4232 km (2630 mi)
•  2/3 of a teaspoon of
salt = 1500 mg
•  Once around the
track = 400 m (0.25
mi)
REFERENCE POINTS
Length = meters
REFERENCE POINTS
LIQUID = LITERS
•  Average length of a
baby = 50 cm (20 in)
•  Keg = 59 L (1984
ounces)
•  Pencil tip = 1.5 mm
(0.06 in)
•  1 tablespoon = 15 ml
•  Red Blood Cell = 8
µm (.0003 in)
•  Rain drop = 400 µl =
0.4 ml
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9/10/14
TEMPERATURE
ANALYZING BIOLOGICAL DATA
•  Used to find out:
Thirty's warm,
–  Did certain factors change?
–  Did they remain the same?
–  To detect patterns
Twenty's nice,
Ten's cold,
Zero's ice.
100°C
O°C
Water Released and Absorbed by a Tree
Types of Data Organization
•  Table
•  Graph
Time
30
25
Water absorbed by
leaves
20
15
10
Water absorbed by
roots
5
0
8:00 10:00 12:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00
AM AM PM PM PM PM PM
Time
?
MIX
DRY = DEPENDANT/RESPONDING/Y-axis
MIX = MANIUPLATE/INDEPENDENT/X-axis
*INCLUDE TITLE
*NAME EACH VARIABLE
*INCLUDE UNITS
Released
by Roots
by Leaves
(g/h)
(g/h)
8:00 AM
1
2
10:00 AM
1
5
12:00 PM
4
12
2:00 PM
6
17
4:00 PM
9
16
6:00 PM
14
10
8:00 PM
10
3
Water Released and Absorbed
by a Tree
Time
Absorbed
by Roots
(g/h)
Absorbed
by Leaves
(g/h)
8:00 AM
10:00 AM
12:00 PM
2:00 PM
4:00 PM
6:00 PM
8:00 PM
1
1
4
6
9
14
10
2
6
16
24
25
24
13
What time of day is the
rate of water absorbed by roots
equal to the rate of water absorbed
by leaves?
Water Released and Absorbed by a Tree
30
25
Relative Rates (g/h)
DRY
Relative Rates (g/h)
Water Released and Absorbed by a Tree
Absorbed
20
Water absorbed by
leaves
15
Water absorbed by
roots
10
5
0
8:00 10:00 12:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00
AM AM PM PM PM PM PM
Time
4