Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Prof. Jeremy Lefkowitz Fall 2009 [email protected] Trotter 111, x7894 Office Hours: Monday 2:00‐4:00 & by appointment Schedule of topics and readings: Sept. 3 Introduction; Ovid's life and literary career; Proem Tristia 4.10; Met. 1.1‐4 Sept. 10 First creation; Cosmogony; Myth of Ages, Gigantomachy Met. 1.5‐162 Sept. 17 Second creation; Flood; Apollo and Daphne Met. 1.163‐779 Sept. 24 Book 2; Theme of Change; Narrators and Audiences Met. 2 (entire) Oct. 1 Theban cycle Met. 3.1‐4.603 Oct. 8 Perseus Met. 4.604‐5.249 Oct. 15 No meeting ‐ October break Oct. 22 Contests Met. 5.250‐6.423 Oct. 29 Athens Met. 6.424‐9.797 Nov. 5 Orpheus Met. 10.1‐11.193 Nov. 12 Trojan cycle Met. 11.194‐13.622 Nov. 19 "Little Aeneid" Met. 13.623‐14.608 Nov. 26 No meeting ‐ Thanksgiving break Dec. 3 Rome Met. 14.609‐15.870 Dec. 8 Epilogue Met. 15.871‐879 Dec. 17 Brief presentations of papers This seminar is devoted to the Metamorphoses, which is read against the background of Ovid's Roman and Greek literary predecessors. In general, our meetings will fall into two parts: • The first half of class will involve presentations and discussions of selected topics, as indicated in the middle column above. I will lead the first of these presentations/discussions; the others will be distributed among student participants during the first two weeks of class. Students in consultation with me may choose supplementary primary and secondary reading assignments to support discussion of their topics. • The second half of each class will involve translation and commentary on readings from the Met. as listed in the right‐hand column above, together with closer readings of selected passages. My evaluation of your work in this seminar will be based on the overall quality of your participation, a final exam, and a term paper (8‐12 pages) that will be due on December 19. You must meet with me by October 29 at the latest to discuss your paper topic, which may, but need not be related to a presentation that you make in class. PRESENTATION GUIDELINES There will be four presentations each week. Each member of the seminar must do each type of presentation at least once. Please keep presentations under 15 minutes to allow time for discussion. 1. Choose a passage from the assigned reading for that day. The passage should not be longer than c. 30 lines, and may be considerably shorter. Present a close reading of the passage, with special attention to Ovid's Latin (vocabulary, style, usage, etc.). You should use and make reference to Deferrari's A Concordance to Ovid (on reserve) and a major Latin dictionary (e.g., the OLD, Lewis and Short); you may also want to consult a standard grammar (e.g., Allen and Greenough; Gildersleeve; Bennet) and one or more of the commentaries on the Met. available in McCabe. Please feel free to distribute a handout, if you wish to provide a marked‐up version of your passage; comparison passages from elsewhere; bibliographic references; etc. 2. Provide a brief but detailed overview of the various tales Ovid presents in that day's reading. Address the following questions: What stories were told and how were they told? Who is represented as the narrator(s) and audience(s) of each story? Ideally, you will also produce and distribute a handout (in the form of a list, chart, or outline) that will help other members of the seminar understand how you view the overall structure(s), transition(s), and division(s) of the week's assignment. 3. Choose a Greek or Latin text (either a passage or a complete work‐‐in translation) that can be thought of (either directly or indirectly) as one of Ovid's literary predecessors with respect to material in that day's reading. Before we meet in seminar, consult with me to decide on a text(s) and to arrange to circulate it to the other members. In your presentation, address at least one of the following questions: How does Ovid's handling of the story differ from earlier versions? Does your reading of other ancient texts enhance your reading of the Met.? How? On the other hand, does your reading of Ovid change the way you understand his predecessors? 4. Choose a work of secondary scholarship‐‐an article or book‐chapter(s)‐‐that addresses any aspect of the reading for that day. Your choice can be either from among those pre‐selected by me (including the "required reading" for that week) or one you find on your own. Summarize its main points and offer an analysis of its argumentation and conclusions. Do not be overly concerned with situating the article within any larger scholarly discourses or debates; do, however, feel free to discuss the author's approach and methodology and your opinion of its effectiveness. General bibliography Texts (required): • P. Ovidi Nasonis Metamorphoses, ed. R. J. Tarrant (Oxford 2004) Commentaries (on reserve): • William S. Anderson, Ovid's Metamorphoses: Books 1­5 (Oklahoma 1996) • William S. Anderson, Ovid's Metamorphoses: Books 6­10 (Oklahoma 1972) • Alessandro Barchiesi, Ovidio Metamorfosi [2 vols.] (Rome 2005) • J.J. Moore‐Blunt, A Commentary on Ovid Metamorphoses Book 2 (Gieben 1977) • A.S. Hollis, Metamorphoses Book 8 (Oxford 1970) • G.M.H. Murphy, Metamorphoses Book 11 (Oxford 1972) • N. Hopkinson, Metamorphoses Book 13 (Cambridge 2000) Reference works (on reserve): • Roy J. Deferrari, A Concordance of Ovid. (The Catholic University of America Press 1939) General works (on reserve): • J. E. Fontenrose, Python: A Study of Delphic Myth and its Origins (1959). • G. K. Galinsky, Ovid's Metamorphoses: An Introduction to the Basic Aspects (1975). • F. Ahl, Metaformations: Soundplay and Wordplay in Ovid... (1985). • P. E. Knox, Ovid's Metamorphoses and the Traditions of Augustan Poetry (1986). • S. Hinds, The Metamorphosis of Persephone: Ovid and the Self­conscious Muse (Cambridge 1987). • P.M.C. Forbes Irving, Metamorphosis in Greek Myths (Oxford 1990). • A.M. Keith, The Play of Fictions: Studies in Ovid's Metamorphoses Book 2 (1992). • K. Sara Myers, Ovid's Causes: Cosmogony and Aetiology in the Metamorphoses (1994). • G. Tissol, The Face of Nature: Wit, Narrative, and Cosmic Origins in Ovid's Metamorphoses (Princeton 1997). • A. Barchiesi, The Poet and the Prince: Ovid and Augustan Discourse (Berkeley 1997). • S. A. Brown, The Metamorphosis of Ovid: From Chaucer to Ted Hughes (1999). • S. M. Wheeler, Narrative Dynamics in Ovid's Metamorphoses (Tübingen 2000). • M. Simpson, The Metamorphoses of Ovid (Amherst 2001). • P. Hardie, Ovid's Poetics of Illusion (Cambridge 2002). • N. Holzberg, Ovid: The Poet and his Work (Ithaca 2002). • E. Fantham, Ovid's Metamorphoses (Oxford 2004) • B. Pavlock, The Image of the Poet in Ovid's Metamorphoses (Madison, Wis. 2009). Collections (on reserve): • B. W. Boyd (ed.), Brill's Companion to Ovid (Leiden 2002). • P. Hardie (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Ovid (Cambridge 2002). • P. Hardie, Alessandro Barchiesi, Stephen Hinds (eds.), Ovidian Transformations: Essays on the Metamorphoses and its Reception (Cambridge Philological Society 1999). • P. E. Knox (ed.), Oxford Readings in Ovid (Oxford 2006). Latin 104: Ovid’s Metamorphoses Fall 2009, Presentation Schedule: Date Sept. 10 Sept. 17 Sept. 24 Oct. 1 Oct. 8 Oct. 22 Oct. 29 Nov. 5 Nov. 12 Nov. 19 Dec. 3 Dec. 8 close reading fabulae background scholarship Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 1 [Sept. 3] Introduction; Ovid’s life and literary career; proem: Tristia 4.10; Met. 1‐4 There are two things I would like members of the seminar to read in preparation for our first meeting on September 3: 1) Tristia 4.10 (132 lines) Ovid’s famous autobiographical elegy is the final poem of the fourth book of his Tristia (“Poems of Sadness”), written from exile in Tomis sometime between 8‐17 C.E. 2) Metamorphoses 1.1‐4 The 4‐line proem to the Met. Both texts are available at latinlibrary.com. You will also find on Blackboard a text of Tr. 4.10 in the “Course Documents” section under “Week One”. I have also put two important articles on Tr. 4.10 in the “Week One” folder (both are also available on JSTOR), but these are *not* required reading—they are just for future reference for those who may become interested in questions related to Ovid’s life and self‐presentation: Janet Fairweather, “Ovid’s Autobiographical Poem, Tristia 4.10,” CQ 37:1 (1987) 181‐196. B. R. Fredericks, “Tristia 4.10: Poet’s Autobiography and Poetic Autobiography,” TAPA 106 (1976) 139‐154. Please let me know if you have any questions or would like to speak with me before the semester begins. Also, please forward this to anyone you think may be planning to join the seminar but has not yet signed up. Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 2 [Sept. 10] First creation; Cosmogony; Myth of Ages, Gigantomachy: Met. 1.5‐162 Focus passage(s): Met. 1.5‐162 Primary readings in translation: Hesiod Theogony (on Bb) Virgil Eclogue 6 (on Bb) Secondary readings (required): G. B. Conte (from Latin Literature: A History) on Ovid's "Literary Success" (on Bb) F. Graf (from Greek Mythology: An Introduction) on "The Origin of the World and the Gods" (on Bb) W. Hansen (from Classical Mythology) on "Cosmogony" (on Bb) Secondary readings (for future reference): S. Hinds, "Generalizing about Ovid," Ramus 16 (1987), 4‐31 (on Bb) T. M. Robinson, "Ovid and the Timaeus," Athenaeum 46 (1968): 254‐60. R. McKim, "Myth and Philosophy in Ovid's Account of Creation," Classical Journal 80 (1985): 97‐108. M. Helzle, "Ovid's Cosmogony: Metamorphoses 1.5‐88 and the Traditions of Ancient Poetry," Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar 7 (1993): 123‐34. K. S. Myers, 0vid's Causes: Cosmogony and Aetiology in the Metamorphoses. Ann Arbor, 1994. Stephen M. Wheeler, "Imago Mundi: Another View of the Creation in Ovid's Metamorphoses," American Journal of Philology 116 (1995) 95‐121. Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 3 [Sept. 17] Second Creation; Flood; Apollo and Daphne: Met. 1.163‐779 Focus passage(s): Met. 1.163‐779 Primary readings in translation: concilia deorum in epic poetry: Homer Iliad 1.494‐600; 8.1‐40; 20.1‐30 Homer Odyssey 1.26‐95; 5.1‐42 Virgil Aeneid 10.1‐117 Silius Italicus Punica 3.557‐629 (post‐Ovidian) Valerius Flaccus Argonautica 1.498‐573 (post‐Ovidian) Statius Thebaid 1.197‐310; 3.218‐259 (post‐Ovidian) Secondary readings (required): W. S. M. Nicoll, "Cupid, Apollo, and Daphne (Ovid, Met. 1.452 ff.)," CQ 30 (1980) 174‐182. Secondary readings (for future reference): Michael C. J. Putnam, "Daphne's Roots," Hermathena 177‐178 (2004/5) 71‐8. W. S. Anderson, "Lycaon: Ovid's deceptive paradigm in Metamorphoses 1," Illinois Classical Studies 14 (1989) 91‐101. J. Fontenrose, Python: a study of Delphic myth and its origins. Berkeley, 1959. W. R. Nethercut, "Daphne and Apollo: A Dynamic Encounter," CJ LXXIV (1979) 333‐347. Mary E. Barnard, The Myth of Apollo and Daphne from Ovid to Quevedo. Duke University Press (1987). Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 4 [Sept. 24] Book 2: Met. 2 Focus passage(s): Met. 2.1‐366; 2.401‐675; 833‐875 Primary readings in translation: Callimachus Hecale Ovid Fasti 2.155‐92 Secondary readings (required): G. Tissol, "Epic Distortions" (pp. 153‐166) in The Face of Nature: Wit, Narrative, and Cosmic Origins in Ovid's Metamorphoses. Princeton, 1997. Secondary readings (for future reference): A. M. Keith, "The Crow's Tale" (pp. 9‐38) and "The Metamorphosis of the Raven" (39‐62) in The Play of Fictions: Studies in Ovid's Metamorphoses Book 2. Ann Arbor, 2002. S. Wheeler, "Introduction" (1‐6) and "Callisto" (74‐81) in Narrative Dynamics in Ovid's Metamorphoses. Tübingen, 2000. A. Zissos and I. Gildenhard, "Problems of Time in Metamorphoses 2" in Philip Hardie, Alessandro Barchiesi, Stephen Hinds (eds.), Ovidian Transformations: Essays on the Metamorphoses and its Reception (Cambridge Philological Society 1999) 31‐47. Visitor and Field Trip: Jürgen Paul Schwindt, of the University of Heidelberg, will visit our seminar this week to talk about Actaeon and other Ovidian things. Then, we'll follow him into West Philly for... A lecture on the Met. at the University of Pennsylvania (9/24/09, 4:30 p.m.) Jürgen Paul Schwindt, University of Heidelberg “Thaumatographia. Original Scenes of Philology: The Hunt of Actaeon. Languages of Transformation (Ovid, Met. 3.131–259)” Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 5 [Oct. 1] Theban Cycle: Met. 3.1‐4.603 Focus passage(s): Met. 3.138‐252 Met. 3.339‐510 Met. 3.511‐733 Met. 4.55‐166 Met. 4.389‐415 Met. 4.563‐603 Primary readings in translation: Homeric Hymn to Dionysus Euripides Bacchae Secondary readings (required): P. R. Hardie, "Ovid's Theban History: The First Anti‐Aeneid?" Classical Quarterly 40 (1990) 224‐235. Secondary readings (for future reference): A. Feldherr, "Metamorphosis and Sacrifice in Ovid's Theban Narrative," Materiali e Discussioni 38 (1997) 25‐55. C. P. Segal, Landscape in Ovid's Metamorphoses: A Study in the Transormation of a Literary Symbol (Wiesbaden, 1969) P. R. Hardie, Ovid's Poetics of Illusion (Cambridge, 2002) I. Gildenhard and A. Zissos, "Somatic Economies: Tragic Bodies and Poetic Design in Ovid's Metamorphoses," in Ovidian Transfromations, ed. Hardie, Barchiesi, and Hinds (Cambridge, 1999) Froma I. Zeitlin, "Thebes: Theater of Self and Society in Athenian Drama" in J. Winkler and F. Zeitlin (eds.) Nothing to Do With Dionysus? (Princeton, 1990) Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 6 [Oct. 8] Perseus: Met. 4.604‐5.249 Focus passage(s): Met. 4.604‐5.249 Primary readings in translation: Hyginus 63‐64 Apollodoros 2.4.1 ff. Euripides Andromeda Homer Odyssey Book 22 (killing of suitors) Virgil Aeneid Book 12 (death of Turnus) Selections from The Medusa Reader (handout) Secondary readings (required): Amy Richlin, "Reading Ovid's Rapes," in Pornography and Representation in Greece and Rome, ed. Amy Richlin (New York, 1992) 158‐179. Secondary readings (for future reference): M. Garber and N. J. Vickers (eds.), The Medusa Reader (London, 2003) A. Keith, Engendering Rome: Women in Latin Epic (Cambridge, 2000), chs. 3‐4. E. Peterson, "Andromeda," The Journal of Hellenic Studies 24 (1904) 99‐112. (on Bb) K. M. Phillips, Jr., "Perseus and Andromeda," American Journal of Archaeology 72:1 (1968) 1‐23. G. Lively, "Reading Resistance in Ovid's Metamorphoses," in Ovidian Transformations: Essays on Ovid's 'Metamorphoses' and its Reception, ed. P. Hardie, A. Barchiesi, and S. Hinds (Cambridge, 1999) 197‐213. Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 7 [10/22] Contests: Met. 5.250‐6.423 Focus passage(s): Met. 5.250‐6.423 Primary readings in translation: Homeric Hymn to Demeter Fasti 4 Secondary readings (required): Stephen Hinds, "Landscape with figures: aesthetics of place in the Metamorphoses and its tradition," in The Cambridge Companion to Ovid, ed. P. Hardie (Cambridge, 2002) 122‐149. (on reserve in McCabe) Secondary readings (for future reference): Stephen Hinds, The Metamorphosis of Persephone (Cambridge 1987) (on reserve). A. Feldherr and P. James, "Making the Most of Marsyas," Arethusa 37 (2004) 75‐77 (on Bb). A. Feldherr, "Flaying the Other," Arethusa 37 (2004) 77‐87 (on Bb). P. James, "Marsyas's Musical Body: The Poetics of Mutilation and Reflection in Ovid's Metamorphic Martyrs," Arethusa 37 (2004) 88‐103 (on Bb). J. P. Small. Cacus and Marsyas in Etrusco­Roman Legend (Princeton, 1982). Rawson, P. B. The Myth of Marsyas in the Roman Visual Arts: An Iconographic Study. (Oxford, 1987) Weiss, A. The Hanging Marsyas and Its Copies: Roman Innovations in Hellenistic Sculptural Traditions (Rome, 1992) Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 8 [10/29] Athens: Met. 6.424‐9.797 Focus passage(s): Met. 6.424‐674 Met. 7.1‐7.403 Met. 8.152‐8.235 Met. 8.611‐8.724 Primary reading in translation: Euripides Medea Ovid Heroides XII Secondary reading (required): D. Lateiner, "Mythic and Non‐mythic Artists in Ovid's Metamorphoses," Ramus 13 (1984) 1‐30. Secondary readings (for future reference): E. W. Leach, "Ekphrasis and the Theme of Artistic Failure in Ovid's Metamorphoses," Ramus 3 (1974) 102‐142. Newlands, C. (1997). "The Metamorphosis of Ovid's Medea," in Medea, edd. J. J. Clauss and S. I. Johnston (Princeton, 1997) 178‐208. Nagle, B. R., "Byblis and Myrrha: Two Incest Narratives in the Metamorphoses," CJ 78 (1983) 301‐315. Knox, P. E., "Ovid's Medea and the Authenticity of Heroides 12." HSCP 90 (1986) 207‐223. Hinds, S., "Medea in Ovid: Scenes from the Life of an Intertextual Heroine," MD 30 (1993) 9‐47. Wise, V. M., "Ovid's Medea and the Magic of Language." Ramus 11 (1982) 16‐25. Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 9 [11/5] Orpheus: Met. 10.1 ‐ 11.193 Focus passage(s): Met. 10.1 ‐ 11.193 Primary readings in translation: Virgil Georgics 4 Secondary readings (required): Alessandro Barchiesi, "Narrative Technique and Narratology in the Metamorphoses," in Cambridge Companion to Ovid, ed. P. Hardie (Cambridge, 2002) 180‐199. Secondary readings (for future reference): Charles Segal, Orpheus: The Myth of the Poet (Baltimore, 1989), pp. 36‐53 (on Bb) M. L. West, The Orphic Poems (Oxford, 1983). Joseph Farrell, Virgil's Georgics and the Traditions of Ancient Epic (New York, 1991). P. R. Hardie, Ovid's Poetics of Illusion (Cambridge, 2002). Patricia J. Johnson, "Songs from Hell: Metamorphoses 10," in Ovid Before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses (Madison, WI, 2008) pp. 96‐116. J. Elsner and A. Sharrock, "Reviewing Pygmalion," Ramus 20 (1991) 149‐182. A. Sharrock, "Representing Metamorphosis," in Art and Text in Roman Culture, ed. J. Eslner (Cambridge, 1996) 103‐130. Film (time and day tbd): Orphée (1950) directed by Jean Cocteau Select bibliography: Judith E. Bernstock. Under the Spell of Orpheus: The Persistence of a Myth in Twentieth­Century Art (Carbondale, 1991). E. Freeman, Orphée, Jean Cocteau: The Play and the Film (Oxford, 1976). Arthur B. Evans, Jean Cocteau and His Films of Orphic Identity (Philadelphia, 1977). Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 10 [11/12] Trojan Cycle: Met. 11.194 ‐ 13.622 Focus passage(s): Met. 11.194‐265 Met. 11.583‐748 Met. 12.1‐145 Met. 12.580‐619 Met. 13.399‐421 Primary readings in translation: Greek Epic Fragments (selections from the Trojan Cycle): Cypria Aethiopis The Little Iliad The Sack of Troy Secondary readings (required): A. Keith, "Versions of Epic Masculinity in Ovid's Metamorphoses," in Ovidian Transformations: Essays on the Metamorphoses and its Reception, eds. Hardie, Barchiesi, and Hinds (Cambridge, 1999) 214‐239 (on reserve in McCabe) Secondary readings (for future reference): Alison Sharrock, "Gender and Sexuality," in The Cambridge Companion to Ovid, ed. P. Hardie (Cambridge, 2002) 95‐107 (on reserve in McCabe) M. W. Musgrove, "Change of Perspective in Ovid, Metamorphoses 12.11‐23, American Journal of Philology 118:2 (1997) 267‐283. M. J. Anderson, The Fall of Troy in Early Greek Poetry and Art (Oxford, 1997) Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 11 [11/19] "Little Aeneid": Met. 13.623 ‐ 14.608 Focus passage(s): Met. 13.719 ‐ 13.897 Met. 14.527 – 14.608 Primary readings in translation: Virgil, Aeneid 2.721‐3.718 Secondary readings (required): Sergio Casali ,"Other Voices in Ovid's 'Aeneid'," in Oxford Readings in Classical Studies: Ovid, ed. P. E. Knox (Oxford, 2006) 144‐168 (on reserve in McCabe). Secondary readings (for future reference): Brooks Otis, Ovid as an Epic Poet, 2d ed. (Cambridge, 1970), esp. "Chapter VIII: Troy and Rome" (pp. 278‐305) (on reserve in McCabe) K. S. Myers, Ovid's Causes: Cosmogony and Aetiology in the 'Metamorphoses' (Ann Arbor, 1994) Garth Tissol, The Face of Nature: Wit, Narrative, and Cosmic Origins in Ovid's 'Metamorphoses' (Princeton, 1997) Frank J. Miller, "Ovid's Aeneid and Vergil's: A Contrast in Motivation," The Classical Journal 23:1 (1927) 33‐43. Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 12 [12/3] Rome: Met. 14.609 ‐ 15.870 Focus passage(s): 15.165‐452 Primary readings in translation: Pythagoras (fragments and testimonia) (handout) Secondary readings (required): D. Kennedy, "'Augustan' and 'Anti‐Augustan': Reflections on Terms of Reference," in A. Powell ed. Roman Poetry and Propaganda in the Age of Augustus. Secondary readings (for future reference): A. Feldherr, “Metamorphosis in the Metamorphoses” in P. Hardie (ed.) The Cambridge Companion to Ovid (Cambridge, 2002). P. R. Hardie, "The Speech of Pythagoras in Ovid Metamorphoses 15," Classical Quarterly 1995 45.1: 204‐214. C. Kahn, Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans: A Brief History (Indianapolis, 2001). Latin 104: Ovid's Metamorphoses Fall 2009 Week 13 [12/8] Epilogue: Met. 15.871 ‐ 15.879 Focus passage(s): Met. 15.871 ‐ 15.879 Primary readings in translation: Selection of Epic and Ovidian Endings (selection) Secondary readings (required): D. Kennedy, "'Augustan' and 'Anti‐Augustan': Reflections on Terms of Reference," in A. Powell ed. Roman Poetry and Propaganda in the Age of Augustus. Secondary readings (for future reference): C. Moulton, "Ovid as Anti‐Augustan: Met. 15.843‐79," Classical World 67.1: 4‐7. D. Roberts, F. Dunn, and D. Fowler (eds.), Classical Closure: Reading the End in Greek and Latin Literature. Princeton, 1997. A. Barchiesi, “Endgames: Ovid’s Metamorphoses 15 and Fasti 6,” in Roberts, Dunn, and Fowler (above). O. Due, Changing Forms: Studies in the Metamorphoses of Ovid. Copenhagen, 1974. C. Segal, “Myth and Philosophy in the Metamorphoses: Ovid’s Augustanism and the Augustan Conclusion of Book XV,” AJP 90 (1969) 257‐292.