Campdale Road, Islington / Bird and Bat Box Placement Strategy / Report for Bonny Street Development
Bird and Bat Box Placement Plan
Report for Bonny Street Planning
Job Number
Version
2.0
4711
Author
Checked by
Approved by
Date
George Siskos
Bsc. (Hons)
ACIEEM
Wendy
McFarlane MA
MSc MCIEEM
Giles Coe Bsc
(Hons) MCIEEM
29/03/2016
The Ecology Consultancy, 33a Tempus Wharf, Bermondsey Wall West, London, SE16 4TQ
T. 020 7378 1914 E. [email protected] W. www.ecologyconsultancy.co.uk
Campdale Road, Islington / Bird and Bat Box Placement Strategy / Report for Bonny Street Planning
Campdale Road, Islington
Introduction
1
Detailed Specification
3
Detailed Design Elements
6
Installation and Maintenance Programme
8
References
11
Appendix 1: Legislation and Planning Policy
12
Appendix 2: Bat and Bird Box Location Plan
17
Appendix 3: Lighting Recommendations for Bats
19
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that all relevant information has been provided by those parties from whom it has been requested. Information obtained from
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Consultancy is the trading name of Ecology Consultancy Ltd. The Ecology Consultancy is part of the Temple Group.
Campdale Road, Islington / Bird and Bat Box Placement Strategy / Report for Bonny Street Planning
Contents
1 Introduction
BACKGROUND
1.1
In February 2016, The Ecology Consultancy was asked by Bonny Street Planning to
produce a Bird and Bat Box Placement Strategy at Campdale Road in the London
Borough of Islington.
1.2
Full planning permission for the site was granted in October 2015 and is subject to a
number of conditions. Condition 10 relates to ecology and is provided in Box 1 below.
Box 1: Islington Borough Council Planning Decision Notice Ref. P2012/0419/FUL
CONDITION 10: Details of bird and/or bat nesting boxes, to be installed on the
development, shall be submitted to and approved in writing by the Local Planning
Authority prior to the completion of the development. The details shall include the
exact location, specification and design of the habitats.
The nesting and bat boxes shall be provided strictly in accordance with the details
so approved, installed prior to the first occupation of the development, and shall
be maintained as such thereafter.
REASON: To ensure the development provides the maximum possible provision
towards creation of habitats and valuable areas for biodiversity.
SITE CONTEXT
1.3
The site included two buildings, a single storey car showroom and workshop building
aand a two storey Edwardian terrace building to the south. The site also contained areas
of hardstanding that were used as a service yard and forecourt.
1.4
The site is located in a suburban area of Islington, on the corner of Campdale Road and
Tufnell Park Road. The surrounding area includes retail units to the east and residentual
units with associated private gardens to the west and south of the site. The nearest
open green area is Tufnell Park Playing Fields directly north, a large area of amenity
grassland, hedgerows and scattered mature trees.
1.5
The proposed development sites total approximately 0.1 hectares (ha) in size. The
National Grid Reference for the centre of the triangular site is TQ 295 859.
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DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS
1.6
The development will include the demolition of the car showroom and workshop as well
as the refurbishment of the Edwardian terrace and the construction of seven new
residential proporites.
1.7
The proporties will be spilt into three parts; a terrace of three three-storey over
basement townhouses with front-to-back pitched roofs, conversion of the ground floor
of the existing Edwardian building on Campdale Road along with erection of a single
storey rear extension and a terrace of three two-storey over basement contemporary
flat roofed houses with green roof to the rear of the site
LEGISLATION
1.8
This Bird and Bat Box Placement Strategy has been prepared with due consideration
for all relevant legislation regarding protected sites and species, which is included under
the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 (as amended) the Wildlife
and Countryside Act, 1981 (as amended), and detailed in Appendix 1.
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2 Detailed Specification
TARGET SPECIES
Birds
2.1
The target bird species for this ecological enhancement scheme are those which have
been identified as a priority for conservation and are known to occur in the local area.
This includes Species of Principal Importance for the Conservation of Biodiversity in
England as listed in Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities
(NERC) Act 2006 (hereby referred to as ‘species of principal importance’). It also
includes species considered to be of particular importance in Islington and listed in the
local BAP (Islington Borough Council, 2011).
2.2
Given the context of the site in an urban environment, adjacent to an area of greenspace
providing suitable foraging habitat, the house sparrow Passer domesticus was deemed
to be the most appropriate target species. This is both a species of principal importance
and a local BAP species. It is also associated with the parks and urban green space
BAP and private garden BAP habitat and is thought to be relevant given the sites
location adjacent to Tufnell Park Playing Fields and the private gardens on Tufnell Park
Road.
Bats
2.3
All bats are identified as species of principal importance and in conjunction with their
listing on the Greater London BAP along and Islington BAP. The proposals for the site
and the landscaping proposed would be suitable to support bat species more resilient
to disturbance, such as common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus and soprano
pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus bats, and so these are considered to be the target
species for enhancement measures.
BOX TYPE
Birds
2.4
It is recommended that the nest boxes used should be made from a durable and longlasting (20-25 years) material (e.g. brick / “woodcrete”); protect occupants from
draughts, fluctuations in temperature and humidity; and are simple to install, inspect
and clean.
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Bats
2.5
It is recommended that bat boxes be positioned at a height of over 5m above ground
level and will not be directly lit by artificial lighting.
2.6
It is recommended that a durable and long lasting bat box is used; ideal for all types of
bats which inhabit buildings; and are simple to install.
2.7
A list of approved wildlife equipment suppliers, which supply a diverse range of bird and
bat boxes, include the following:
2.8

Jacobi Jayne - http://www.jacobijayne.com/

Schwegler - http://www.schwegler-natur.de/

Vivara Pro - http://www.vivarapro.com/brochure/mobile/index.html#p=1

NHBS - http://www.nhbs.com/browse/subject/307/equipment

Wildcare - http://www.wildcareshop.com/

Bird Brick Houses http://www.birdbrickhouses.co.uk
Table 1 outlines the number and type of bird boxes / bat boxes recommended for
installation, including details on the dimensions of the boxes and occupant species.
2.9
The Schwegler 1B and 1N models are a good example of the type of bird box that could
be used as they are suitable for house sparrow (the target species) and a range of other
species that are a priority for conservation action and/or likely to occur in the local area.
2.10 In addition, the 1N model contains a deep nesting chamber that protects occupants
against potential predators such as magpies Pica pica, which are common in the urban
environment.
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Table 1: Bird and Bat Box Examples
Example
No.
Type
1
Schwegler
Nest Box 1B
Dimension
H x W x D (cm)
Potential
Occupants
26 x 17 x 18
House sparrow,
coal tit Periparus
ater, blue tit
(32mm entrance
hole)
Cyanistes
caeruleus, great tit
Parus major,
redstart species,
nuthatch Sitta
europaea, bats.
©Schwegler 2016
3
Schwegler
Deep Nest
Box 1N
20 x 20 x 30
1FQ
Schwegler
Bat Roost
(For External
Walls)
60 x 35 x 9
House sparrow,
black redstart
Phoenicurus
ochruros, robin
Erithacus rubecula,
wren Troglodytes
troglodytes.
©Schwegler 2016
3
Common pipistrelle
Pipistrellus
pipistrellus,
Soprano pipistrelle
Pipistrellus
pygmaeus
©Schwegler 2016
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3 Detailed Design Elements
BOX LOCATIONS
Birds
3.1
The direction that the boxes face makes little difference provided that they are sheltered
from prevailing wind, rain and strong sunlight. However the western elevation of the twostorey over basement contemporary building is regarded most suitable for the house
sparrow boxes. A further bird box should be places on the eastern elevation of same
building (See Appendix 2, Figure 1) Small boxes should be angled slightly forwards to give
additional shelter to their entrances.
3.2
It is recommended that all of the boxes are positioned at roof level, and securely attached
to the external wall, as per manufacturer’s instructions. See Table 1 for some example
photographs. The boxes all need to be in relatively close proximity to vegetation within the
playing fields and back gardens.
3.3
House sparrows are a communal species and happy to nest side by side. It is suggested
therefore that three of the boxes are sited in close proximity to each other on the western
elevation. The remaining bird box should be sited far away from the house sparrow boxes
so if territorial species such as robins choose to occupy it, they do not exclude other birds
from the remaining boxes, a good location for this box would be the eastern elevation of
the two-storey over basement contemporary building.
Bats
3.4
The chosen sites for positioning of bat roosting features are located within or close to areas
thought to provide the highest value of commuting and foraging habitat.
3.5
The boxes should be sited from south east to south west. Warm roost temperatures are
important in summer for pregnant and lactating females and their young. In winter bats
need constant cool temperatures for hibernation. Boxes should be located in a position
that is sheltered from strong winds and exposed to the sun for part of the day. It is therefore
suggested that three bat boxes should be located below the eaves of the south western
elevation of the refurbished building (See Appendix 2, Figure 1)
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3.6
As with bird boxes the access/egress must not be obscured by vegetation or other
obstructions. Bats will cling to the surface immediately beneath the egress/ingress before
accessing the box, so it is important that this area remains clear.
3.7
As most species use higher positioned boxes (around 5m high), all bat roosting features
should be installed at a minimum of 5m above ground level. This corresponds with canopy
foraging height.
3.8
Artificial lighting should not directly illuminate any of the bat boxes to be installed as part
of the development. A full list of lighting recommendations in reference to bats, can be
found in Appendix 3. Although for security and amenity reasons it is understood that not
all of these can be followed, incorporation of some of these guidelines may improve the
likelihood of bats utilising these boxes and increase levels of bat activity in the vicinity.
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4 Installation and Maintenance Programme
INSTALLATION
4.1
Installation of nest boxes should ideally be carried out after the main breeding bird season
(generally accepted to be from March to August inclusive). If installation is to be carried
out during the breeding season a check for nesting birds at roof level prior to works starting
may be required (to be carried out by an ecologist). If any birds’ nests are in danger of
being disturbed, then activities in the vicinity of the nest should cease until young birds
have fledged. This is in line with legislation regarding the protection of birds’ nests (see
Appendix 2).
4.2
The installation can be carried out by on-site contractors who have been advised by an
appointed ecologist and who have consulted the relevant documentation to make sure the
specified locations are followed. If this method is used a site visit should be undertaken by
the appointed ecologists to sign off the work.
4.3 The boxes should be attached as per recommendations from the manufacturer. All fixings
used should be from galvanised metal or stainless steel.
MAINTENANCE
4.4
Any building works in the vicinity of the bird boxes, or maintenance to them, should be
timed to avoid breeding periods, which are as follows; common nesting birds MarchAugust (inclusive) and black redstarts May to August (inclusive) (Newton et al., 2011).
4.5
Bird boxes should be cleaned out on an annual basis (or at least every two years) at the
end of the breeding season (autumn-winter), removing the old nests, any dead birds etc.
Monitoring is recommended over the first few years so as to assess use and replace or
repair any damaged boxes (see Table 2 for a five year maintenance and monitoring
schedule). If they remain unused after two years consideration should be given to moving
4.6
The bat boxes need little to no maintenance, however, it is an offence for a non-licensed
person to disturb roosting bats. Therefore, where maintenance is required, this will need
to be carried out under supervision of a licensed bat ecologist who will first check the
boxes for bats, or evidence of them. The boxes can, if desired, be checked annually by a
licensed bat ecologist for signs of use. Checks can comprise either nocturnal, ground-level
emergence and/or re-entry surveys or inspection from a ladder, where possible.
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4.7
Fixings/attachments of all boxes should be checked for safety and effectiveness on an
annual basis (autumn - winter).
AESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS
4.8
Architectural plans were taken into account to ensure the proposed features are not
detrimental to the aesthetics of the development and, if successful, the boxes/features will
contribute to the development in a variety of ways.
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Table 2: Five Year Monitoring and Maintenance Schedule For Bird and Bat Boxes
 Optimal period for task  Alternative period for task
Year 1
Task
Install bird boxes
JanMar
Apr
Jun
Year 2
JulSep
Oct
Dec
Jan
Mar



Monitor use of bird boxes
Apr
Jun
JulSep


Year 3
Oct
Dec
Jan
Mar
Apr
Jun
JulSep


Year 4
Oct
Dec
Jan
Mar
Apr
Jun
JulSep


Year 5
Oct
Dec
Jan
Mar
Apr
Jun
JulSep


OctDec
Clean out bird boxes







Check fixings on bird
boxes







Install bat boxes



No maintenance is
required for bat boxes.
10
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References
Bonnystreet Planning (2016) 26 Campdale Road, N7: Residential Redevelopment Proposed
Floor Pans pB1211: 1A
Department for Communities and Local Government (2012) National Planning Policy Framework.
Department for Communities and Local Government, London.
Greater London Authority (2011) The London Plan Spatial Development Strategy for Greater
London. Greater London Authority, London.
Her Majesties Stationary Office (1981) The Wildlife and Countryside Act (WCA) (as amended).
Her Majesties Stationary Office (2000) The Countryside and Rights of Way Act (CRoW).
Her Majesties Stationary Office (2010) The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations
2010 (as amended).
Islington Borough Council (2011) Spaces for wildlife, places for people Islington’s Biodiversity
Strategy
2010
–
2013.
[On-line].
Available
from
http://democracy.islington.gov.uk/Data/Planning%20Sub%20Committee%20A/201403031930
/Agenda/26%20Campdale%20Road,%20N7.pdf. [Accessed 11.03.2016].
Islington Borough Council (2014) Planning Decision Notice, Application No: P2012/0419/FUL.
Issue Date: 29 May 2014.
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Appendix 1: Legislation and Planning Policy
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BATS
All species of bat are fully protected under The Conservation of Habitats and Species
Regulations 2010 (as amended) through their inclusion on Schedule 2. Regulation 41
prohibits:

Deliberate killing, injuring or taking (capture) of Schedule 2 species (e.g. bats);

Deliberate disturbance of bat species as:
a) to impair their ability:
(i) to survive, breed, or reproduce, or to rear or nurture young;
(ii) to hibernate or migrate;
b) to affect significantly the local distribution or abundance of the species;

Damage or destruction of a breeding site or resting place; and

Keeping, transporting, selling, exchanging or offering for sale whether live or dead
or of any part thereof.
Bats are also currently protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as
amended) through their inclusion on Schedule 5. Under this Act, they are additionally
protected from:

Intentional or reckless disturbance whilst occupying a place of shelter or protection;

Intentional or reckless obstruction of access to any place of shelter or protection;
and

Selling, offering or exposing for sale, possession or transporting for purpose of sale.
A European Protected Species Mitigation (EPSM) licence issued by the relevant
countryside agency (e.g. Natural England) will be required for works liable to affect a bat
roost or for operations likely to result in a level of disturbance, which might impair their
ability to undertake those activities mentioned above (e.g. survive, breed, rear young and
hibernate). The licence is to allow derogation from the relevant legislation, but also to
enable appropriate mitigation measures to be put in place and their efficacy to be
monitored.
For development activities, a Natural England EPSM Licence application can only be
drawn up after planning permission has been granted. However, the granting of planning
permission does not guarantee that a licence will be issued by Natural England.
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Though there is no case law to date, the legislation may also be interpreted such that, in
certain circumstances, important foraging areas and/or commuting routes can be regarded
as being afforded de facto protection, for example, where it can be proven that the
continued usage of such areas is crucial to maintaining the integrity and long-term viability
of a bat roost.
BIRDS
With certain exceptions, all birds, their nests and eggs are protected under Sections 1-8
of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). Among other things, this makes it
an offence to:

Intentionally kill, injure or take any wild bird;

Intentionally take, damage or destroy the nest of any wild bird while it is in use or
being built;

Intentionally take or destroy an egg of any wild bird:

Sell, offer or expose for sale, have in his possession or transport for the purpose of
sale any wild bird (dead or alive) or bird egg or part thereof.
Certain species of bird, for example the barn owl, black redstart, hobby, bittern and
kingfisher receive additional special protection under Schedule 1 of the Act and Annex 1
of the European Community Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds (2009/147/EC).
This affords them protection against:

Intentional or reckless disturbance while it is building a nest or is in, on or near a
nest containing eggs or young;

Intentional or reckless disturbance of dependent young of such a bird.
How is the legislation pertaining to birds liable to affect development works?
To avoid contravention of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), works
should be planned to avoid the possibility of killing or injuring any wild bird, or damaging
or destroying their nests. The most effective way to reduce the likelihood of nest
destruction in particular is to undertake work outside the main bird nesting season which
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typically runs from March to August1. Where this is not feasible, it will be necessary to have
any areas of suitable habitat thoroughly checked for nests prior to vegetation clearance.
Those species of bird listed on Schedule 1 are additionally protected against disturbance
during the nesting season. Thus, it will be necessary to ensure that no potentially disturbing
works are undertaken in the vicinity of the nest. The most effective way to avoid
disturbance is to postpone works until the young have fledged. If this is not feasible, it may
be possible to maintain an appropriate buffer zone or standoff around the nest.
PLANNING POLICY
In addition, bats are protected and their conservation promoted through the National
Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and The London Plan, Spatial Development Strategy
for Greater London For example; Policy 7.19 states:
‘Development Proposals should
a. wherever possible, make a positive contribution to the protection, enhancement,
creation and management of biodiversity ;
b. prioritise assisting in achieving targets in biodiversity action plans (BAPs), set out in
Table 7.3, and/ or improving access to nature in areas deficient in accessible wildlife sites
c. not adversely affect the integrity of European sites and be resisted where they have
significant adverse impact on European or nationally designated sites or on the population
or conservation status of a protected species or a priority species or habitat identified in a
UK, London or appropriate regional BAP or borough BAP. .’
1
It should be noted that this is the main breeding period. Breeding activity may occur outwith this period (depending
on the particular species and geographical location of the site) and thus due care and attention should be given when
undertaking potentially disturbing works at any time of year.
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SPECIES OF PRINCIPAL IMPORTANCE FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSERVING
BIODIVERSITY AND BIODIVERSITY ACTION PLANS
The NERC Act 2006 states that ‘every public authority must, in exercising its functions,
have regard, so far as is consistent with the proper exercise of those functions, to the
purpose of conserving biodiversity’, otherwise known as the Biodiversity Duty. Under
Section 41 of the Act, the Secretary of State must publish a list of the living organisms and
types of habitat which in the Secretary of State’s opinion are ‘Species of Principal
Importance for the Purpose of Conserving Biodiversity’. This list is based on priority
species recognised by the UK Biodiversity Framework, and in addition to Annex II species
listed under The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010, as amended.
The Section 41 Species of Principal Importance for the Purpose of Conserving Biodiversity
list replaces the list published under Section 74 of the Countryside and Rights of Way
(CRoW) Act 2000 as those species of material consideration to the planning process. With
regard to bats, these are barbastelle bat Barbastella barbastellus, Bechstein’s bat Myotis
bechsteinii, noctule bat Nyctalus noctula, soprano pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus, brown
long-eared bat Plecotus auritus and greater and lesser horseshoe bats Rhinolophus
ferrumequinum and R. hipposideros.
All bat species are identified as a key species group within the Greater London Biodiversity
Action Plan (BAP).
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Appendix 2: Bat and Bird Box Location Plan
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Figure 1: Bird and Bat Box Locations
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Appendix 3: Lighting Recommendations for Bats
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Lighting
The development may involve the loss of commuting and foraging habitats for bats and the loss
of such habitats between other suitable habitats has potential to fragment the local landscape.
Mitigation to account for the loss of these habitats, should comprise an artificial lighting strategy
designed to reduce the impact of the development on commuting and foraging bats, particularly
common and soprano pipistrelle bats.
Outline recommendations to mitigate the impact of artificial lighting are provided below,
however, a detailed lighting strategy for the site should be designed using the following principles
and in collaboration with an ecologist.
The following mitigation strategies have been taken from Bat Conservation Trust Landscape and
Urban Design for Bats and Biodiversity (Gunnell et al., 2012) and other referenced sources:

Minimise light spill by eliminating any bare bulbs and upward pointing light fixtures.
The spread of light should be kept near to or below the horizontal plane, by using
as steep a downward angle as possible and/or shield hood. Flat, cut-off lanterns
are best;

Use light sources that emit minimal ultra-violet light (Langevelde et al., 2001) and
avoid the white and blue wavelengths of the light spectrum, so as to avoid attracting
insects and thus potentially reducing numbers in adjacent areas, which bats may
use for foraging;

Limiting the height of lighting columns to eight metres and increase the spacing of
lighting columns (Fure, 2006) can reduce the spill of light into unwanted areas such
as the aforementioned habitats;

For pedestrian lighting, low level lighting that is directional and below three lux at
ground level, but preferably below one lux should be used;

Use embedded road lights to illuminate the roadway and light only high-risk
stretches of roads (crossings and junctions);

Avoid using reflective surfaces under lights or light reflecting off windows (e.g. onto
bat flight lines);
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
Only the minimum amount of light needed for safety and access should be used
and or turned off when the site is not in use;

Artificial lighting proposals should not directly illuminate tree lines, which may be of
value to foraging or commuting bats and birds (e.g. the trees along the northern
and southern boundaries of the site);
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