A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files FAR EAST 1960–January 1963 Internal Affairs and Foreign Affairs A UPA Collection from Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files FAR EAST 1960–January 1963 INTERNAL AFFAIRS and FOREIGN AFFAIRS Project Coordinator Robert E. Lester Guide compiled by Dan Elasky A UPA Collection from 7500 Old Georgetown Road • Bethesda, MD 20814-6126 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Far East, 1960–January 1963 [microform] : internal affairs and foreign affairs / project coordinator, Robert E. Lester. p. cm. Summary: Reproduces records of the U.S. Department of State in the custody of the National Archives, reporting on political, military, social, and economic developments throughout the Far East during the period 1960–January 1963. Accompanied by a printed guide entitled: A guide to the microfilm edition of Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Far East 1960–January 1963 : internal affairs and foreign affairs. ISBN 1-55655-973-9 1. East Asia—Foreign relations—United States. 2. United States—Foreign relations—East Asia. 3. United States—Foreign relations—1961–1963. 4. Asia, Southeastern—Foreign relations—United States. 5. United States—Foreign relations—Asia, Southeastern. I. Title: Confidential U.S. State Department central files. II. Title: Far East, 1960–January 1963. III. Lester, Robert. IV. O’Leary, Kerry, 1981– . V. United States. Dept. of State. VI. LexisNexis (Firm) DS518.8 950.4'26—dc22 2004044103 CIP The documents reproduced in this publication are among the records of the U.S. Department of State in the custody of the National Archives of the United States. No copyright is claimed in these official records. Copyright © 2005 LexisNexis, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-973-9. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Scope and Content Note ......................................................................................... v Source Note .............................................................................................................. ix Organization of the U.S. Department of State Decimal Filing System ............... xi Numerical List of Country Numbers ...................................................................... xv Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... xxiii Reel Index Reel 1 Internal Political and National Defense Affairs—Far East Political Affairs .................................................................................. 1 Internal Political and National Defense Affairs—Far East cont. Political Affairs cont. ......................................................................... Political Affairs: Executive Branch of Government .......................... Political Affairs: Legislative Branch of Government ......................... Political Affairs: Judicial Branch of Government .............................. National Defense Affairs .................................................................. 5 9 9 9 9 Internal Political and National Defense Affairs—Far East cont. National Defense Affairs cont. .......................................................... 10 790.5 Internal Political and National Defense Affairs—Far East cont. National Defense Affairs cont. .......................................................... 15 890.0 Internal Economic, Industrial and Social Affairs—Far East Economic Matters ............................................................................ 15 Internal Economic, Industrial and Social Affairs—Far East cont. 890.0 Economic Matters cont. ................................................................... 890.1 Financial Matters .............................................................................. 890.2 Agriculture ........................................................................................ 890.3 Manufacturers and Manufacturing .................................................... 890.4 Social Matters and Conditions .......................................................... 17 19 20 20 21 790.0 Reel 2 790.0 790.1 790.2 790.3 790.5 Reel 3 790.5 Reel 4 Reel 5 Reel 6 Internal Economic, Industrial and Social Affairs—Far East cont. 890.4 Social Matters and Conditions cont. ................................................. 890.5 Public Order, Safety, and Health ...................................................... iii 23 24 Communications, Transportation, Science—Far East Communications ............................................................................... Communications: Postal .................................................................. Communications: Telegraph ............................................................. Communications: Radio; Radio Broadcasting .................................. Communications: Television; Facsimile Transmission .................... Communications: Public Press ........................................................ Transportation .................................................................................. Science ............................................................................................. 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 28 International Political Relations; Bilateral Treaties—Far East Political Relations between the Far East and Other Countries ........ Political Relations between the Far East and Pakistan .................... Political Relations between the Far East and China ........................ Political Relations between the Far East and Japan ........................ 29 29 29 29 International Political Relations; Bilateral Treaties—U.S.–Far East 611.90 Political Relations between U.S. and Far East ................................. 29 Subject Index ............................................................................................................ 33 990.0 990.1 990.2 990.4 990.5 990.6 990.7 990.8 Reel 7 690.00 690.91 690.93 690.94 iv SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE The U.S. State Department Central Files are the definitive source of American diplomatic reporting on political, military, social, and economic developments throughout the world in the twentieth century. The files for 1960–January 1963 contain a wide range of primary materials arranged topically and chronologically: full texts of important letters and cables sent and received by U.S. diplomats and embassy personnel; legal documentation; reports and clippings from journals and newspapers; minutes of meetings with U.S. and foreign leaders; high-level government documents, including official reports, working papers, and memoranda; and transcripts or summaries of speeches, press conferences, and interviews. Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files: Far East, 1960–January 1963 compiles recently released documents covering political, military, social, and economic affairs in the countries of East and Southeast Asia and Oceania. The 1960–1963 time span represents a critical period in the evolution of these countries, many of which were former European colonies. An interesting aspect of this collection is the remarkable difference in perspectives of political leaders and diplomats from one country to another, one embassy to another, and even one U.S. department or agency to another. The material provides fascinating glimpses into the character and viewpoints of Asian personalities such as Tungku Abdul Rahman, Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Tse-tung, Norodom Sihanouk, Thanat Khoman, Ayub Khan, Jawaharlal Nehru, Souvanna Phouma, Ann Renova, Subandrio, Achmed Sukarno, and Ngo Dinh Diem; as well as prominent U.S. officials including John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Baines Johnson, Dean Rusk, Walt Rostow, Chester Bowles, W. Averell Harriman, J. William Fulbright, and Douglas MacArthur. The following sections summarize some of the major topics and issues covered in the collection. I. Internal Political Conditions and Communism. The independent states of Asia sought to solve the many problems involved in building reasonably unified and stable political systems at the same time that they struggled to keep their countries free of both internal and external threats. These threats ranged from overt aggression, to covert insurgency, to internecine or tribal warfare, and most were shadowed by the perceived menace of Communist expansionism in the region. The collection includes bodies of material on the competition for power within countries, with the competitors variously including charismatic leaders, political parties, military and civilian elites, ethnic and tribal groups, cities and subregions, and Communists. Significant documents cover efforts by leaders in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, and other countries to accommodate Communists in power-sharing arrangements or else to prevent the Communists from gaining power or building insurgency movements. v A substantial set of documents portrays the efforts by Malayan leader Tungku Abdul Rahman to bring the scattered areas of his country, separated by sea and culture, together into a Malaysian Confederation. A fascinating complex of motives, strategies, and obstacles is involved, including the attempt by Indonesian President Sukarno to thwart the unification and Singapore’s wish not to be included in the confederation. II. Regional Cooperation. A key theme that runs throughout the collection is the tension between the desire of countries to remain independent and the movement toward regional cooperation. Many of the countries of the Far East were intensely nationalistic. They shared few cultural traditions—even the forms of Buddhism they practiced were distinctly different—and in some cases countries had been ancient enemies. The historical animosities among the peoples of Indochina and those between Indonesia and its neighbors receive particular emphasis. Countering this nationalism were repeated attempts to bring countries together under the rubrics of regional organizations in order to foster peaceful relations, spur economic development, or contain Communists. Often the attempts at multilateral cooperation met with at best partial success, because one or more of the countries dragged its feet when the time came to sit down and hammer out concrete arrangements. On the other hand, some regional cooperative entities, such as the Colombo Plan of intraregional aid, did function adequately, or at least continuously. Some of the many proposed or established regional organizations covered in this collection are the Association of Southeast Asia (ASA), Association of Southeast Asian States (ASAS), Asian Peoples Anti-Communist League (APACL), another antiCommunist organization called “TAIPING,” Organization for Asian Economic Cooperation, Southeast Asia Common Market, Asian Productivity Association, Joint Working Party on Economic and Cultural Cooperation Among Southeast Asian Countries, Pacific Community, and South Pacific Commission. III. U.S. Policy and International Relations. “Surely we are hooked in Vietnam,” said U.S. national security adviser Walt W. Rostow in an August 1961 memo. This prescient statement illustrates the growing concern among Kennedy administration officials over the escalating infiltration and subversion of South Vietnam by the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese, and the need for the United States to increase its operations in the country. This collection includes a number of significant secret memoranda and position papers exchanged by top State Department, Defense Department, and White House players as they struggled to keep abreast of the insurgencies in Vietnam and Laos, formulated contingency plans for countering Communist aggression, requested additional U.S. personnel and funding, and tried to help the governments of other countries like Thailand and the Philippines prevent Communists from gaining footholds. Two of the collection’s more interesting documents contain, respectively, Vice President Johnson’s assertive report to President Kennedy on his 1961 Asia trip, and the views on U.S. Southeast Asia involvement expressed by General Douglas MacArthur in a meeting with John F. Kennedy, Dean Rusk, Lyndon Johnson, and others. vi Although some Asian countries like Nationalist China and Thailand pursued staunchly anti-Communist policies, others like Cambodia and Indonesia tried to maintain neutrality. Some of their neighbors, however, feared that a neutralist stance would inevitably lead to a Communist takeover. Many documents in this collection show the intense bargaining and maneuvering involved in deciding a country’s EastWest orientation. Looming in the background in almost every case was the giant to the north, Communist China. Taiwan, most prominently, feared aggression from the mainland, but so, to some degree, did Vietnam, Thailand, and the other countries in the Far East. The collection includes substantial material on the efforts of country leaders, as well as U.S. officials, to discern China’s aggressive intentions and to formulate strategies to contain them. The collection covers many other developments affecting the international relations and national defenses of Far Eastern countries, including country satisfaction or dissatisfaction with regional security arrangements, especially the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) and the Security Treaty between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States of America (ANZUS); the proper security roles of Japan and Australia; the Indonesia-Netherlands dispute over control of Western New Guinea; country reactions to Pacific nuclear tests; sovereignty issues involving the Pacific Islands; the U.S. Mutual Security Program; U.S. arms sales; and a series of joint military exercises. The largest single item in the collection (Reel 4, Frames 0001–0430) documents a political-military game called SIGMA, in which high-level administration officials and military officers tested alternative Communist and anti-Communist strategies. The collection also includes a number of documents on South Asia. Topics covered include U.S. policies toward Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, Iran, and Nepal; the India-Pakistan dispute over Kashmir; and India’s very different relations with the Soviet Union and Communist China. IV. Economic Development and Social Affairs. The collection includes material on various aspects of economic development in East and Southeast Asian countries, including international and bilateral development aid, technical assistance, U.S. foreign investment and business establishment, commercial relations, trade fairs, and industry sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, mining and petroleum, communications, and transportation. A large set of documents chronicles the history of the Lower Mekong River Project, an international project that involved the participation of the United States, Japan, and other industrial countries and attracted competing offers from the Soviet Union and Communist China. The project was intended not only to conserve water but also to build goodwill for the Free World in the four Indochina countries. The collection provides bodies of material on key social matters such as labor development and labor-management issues; the Peace Corps; education at different levels, as well as teacher training; women’s roles in society; child health and nutrition; the Asian Games hosted by Indonesia, as well as Sukarno’s successful effort to prevent both Nationalist China and Israel from participating; and international medical assistance, including the famous Medical International Cooperation Organization (MEDICO) led by Dr. Tom Dooley. vii SOURCE NOTE Microfilmed from the holdings of the National Archives, College Park, Maryland, Record Group 59: Records of the Department of State, Central Decimal Files, decimal numbers 790, 890, and 990 (Far East internal affairs) and decimal numbers 690 and 611 (Far East foreign affairs and U.S. relations with the Far East), for the period 1960–January 1963. All available original documents have been microfilmed. ix x ORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE DECIMAL FILING SYSTEM From 1910 to 1963 the Department of State used a decimal classification system to organize its Central Files. This system assembled and arranged individual documents according to their subject, with each subject having a specific decimal code. The decimal system from 1950 to January 1963 consists of ten primary classifications numbered 0 through 9, each covering a broad subject area. CLASS 0: Miscellaneous. CLASS 1: Administration of the United States Government. CLASS 2: Protection of Interests (Persons and Property). CLASS 3: International Conferences, Congresses, Meetings, and Organizations. CLASS 4: International Trade and Commerce. Trade Relations. Customs Administration. CLASS 5: International Informational and Educational Relations. Cultural Affairs. Psychological Warfare. CLASS 6: International Political Relations. Bilateral Treaties. CLASS 7: Internal Political and National Defense Affairs. CLASS 8: Internal Economic, Industrial, and Social Affairs. CLASS 9: Other Internal Affairs. Communications. Transportation. Science. xi Internal Affairs For this section of the U.S. State Department Central Files, LexisNexis has microfilmed the documents contained in Classes 7, 8, and 9. Within these classes each subject is defined by a decimal file number. The decimal file number is followed by a slant mark (/). The number after the slant mark (/) refers to the date on which the document was generated. Documents within each decimal file number are arranged in chronological order. The entire decimal file number is stamped on the right side of the first page of every document. These classes are concerned almost exclusively with the internal matters of individual countries. The class number (7, 8, or 9) is followed by the country number. The number following the decimal point indicates subtopics within the major classifications. The date after the slant mark (/) identifies the individual document. In a small number of instances, documents were assigned erroneous or incomplete decimal numbers. LexisNexis has included, in brackets, corrected decimal entries. In addition, misfiled decimal number documents have also been included in brackets. Example, 790.13/4-2661 Subject—Executive Branch of Government: Cabinet; Ministry Class of Records— Internal Political and National Defense Affairs 790.13/4-2661 Document Date— April 26, 1961 Country Number—Far East 790.13/4-2661 indicates a document dated April 26, 1961, relating to the cabinet of the executive branch of government (13) in Far East (90). Note: For the convenience of the researcher, wherever a specific classification number totals more than one hundred pages, a breakdown of the material by month and year is provided. When applicable, major subjects have been included with the month and year breakdown. Foreign Affairs For this section of the U.S. State Department Central Files, LexisNexis has microfilmed the documents contained in Class 6. Within this class, each subject is defined by a decimal file number. The decimal file number is followed by a slant mark (/). The number after the slant mark (/) refers to the date on which the document was generated. Documents within each decimal file number are arranged in chronological order. The entire decimal file number is stamped on the right side of the first page of every document. In this publication, records classified 690 deal with the foreign policy of the Far East and its political relations with other nations. Due to the State Department’s arrangement of these records, countries assigned numbers below 90 will not be found in this file. LexisNexis, however, has included files dealing with the political xii relations between the United States (country number 11) and the Far East in this publication. In order to find the political relations between the Far East and countries other than the United States that have a number lower than 90, the researcher should check the Class 6 records for that country. These records can be found either at the National Archives, College Park, Maryland, or in microform publications that LexisNexis has made available to libraries. In a small number of instances, documents were assigned erroneous or incomplete decimal numbers. LexisNexis has included, in brackets, corrected decimal entries. In addition, misfiled decimal number documents have also been included in brackets. Example, 690.94/11-1860 Subject—Japan Class of Records— International Political Relations; Bilateral Treaties 690.94/11-1860 Document Date— November 18, 1960 Country Number—Far East 690.94/11-1860 indicates a document dated November 18, 1960, relating to the bilateral relations between the Far East (90) and Japan (94). Note: Whenever the documents under a specific classification number total more than one hundred pages, the guide writer provides a breakdown of the material by month and year. When applicable, the guide writer lists, in brackets under the classification number, major subjects that are covered throughout all of the months. The guide writer may list additional major subjects but only under the particular month and year in which they appear. xiii NUMERICAL LIST OF COUNTRY NUMBERS 00 THE WORLD (Universe) 01 Outer Space (Aerosphere) 01a Moon 02 Antarctic 03 Arctic 10 THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE 11 United States 11a Hawaii (Ocean or Kuré Islands and Palmyra Island) 11b U.S. Possessions in the Pacific Ocean 11c Puerto Rico 11d Guam 11e American Samoa (Tutuila, Manua Islands, etc.) 11f Canal Zone (Panama Canal Zone), Perido, Naos, Culebra, and Flamenco Islands 11g Virgin Islands of the U.S. (St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas) 11h Wake Island 12 Mexico 13 CENTRAL AMERICA 14 Guatemala 15 Honduras 16 El Salvador 17 Nicaragua 18 Costa Rica 19 Panama 20 SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA (South of the Rio Grande River) 21 Colombia 22 Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) 23 Peru 24 Bolivia 25 Chile 31 Venezuela 32 Brazil 33 Uruguay 34 Paraguay xv 35 36 37 38 39 40 40a 40b 41 41a 41b 41c 41d 41e 41f 41g 41h 41j 41r 41s Argentina WEST INDIAN REPUBLICS Cuba, including Isle of Pines Haiti Dominican Republic EUROPE Ireland (Eire) (Irish Free State) Iceland Great Britain, United Kingdom Northern Ireland British possessions in the Western Hemisphere (except Canada) British Honduras British Guiana British West Indies (includes 41f–41j) The West Indies (Federation of British Colonies in the Caribbean) Bahamas Bermuda Virgin Islands Falkland Islands South Orkney Islands (South Georgia, South Orkneys, and South Sandwich Islands) 41t South Shetland Islands 42 Canada (including Newfoundland and Labrador) 43 Australia 44 New Zealand (Cook Islands, Kermad Islands, and Union Islands [Tokela]) 45 British Territories in Africa 45a Union of South Africa (Cape of Good Hope, Transvaal, Orange Free State, Natal) 45b British South Africa (45c–45f) 45c Rhodesia (Mashonaland, Matabeleland, and Nyasaland Federation) 45d Basutoland 45e Bechuanaland 45f Swaziland 45g British West Africa 45h Nigeria (including that portion of the Cameroons under British Protectorate) 45j Ghana ( see 79) 45m Sierra Leone 45n Gambia 45p British East Africa 45r Kenya Colony 45s Uganda 45t Zanzibar 45u Somaliland (protectorate) 45w Sudan 45x British Southwest Africa (formerly German Southwest Africa) 46 British territories in Asia 46a Andaman and Nicobar Islands xvi 46b 46c Laccadive Islands Aden Colony and Protectorate (Hadhramaut, Kamaran, Perim, Socotra, Abdul Quiri, and Kuria Muria Islands) 46d Bahrein Islands 46e Ceylon 46f Singapore (Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean) 46g Hong Kong 46h British Borneo (North Borneo, Brunei, and Sarawak) 46j Republic of the Maldive Islands 46k Fiji 46m Papua (formerly British New Guinea) 46n Pacific Islands, including Tonga (Friendly), Cocos (Isla de Cocos), Labuan, Solomon, Pitcairn, Gilbert Islands, Ellice Islands, and British interest in Christmas Island, Phoenix, and Keeling Islands 47 British territories in Mediterranean 47a Gibraltar 47b Malta 47c Cyprus 47d St. Helena and dependencies (Diego Alvarez, Gough, Inaccessible, and Nightingale Islands) 47e Tristan da Cunha 47f Ascension Island 47g Seychelles 47h Mauritius 48 Poland (including Danzig) 49 Czechoslovakia 50 WESTERN CONTINENTAL EUROPE 50a Luxembourg 50b Monaco 50c Andorra 50d San Marino 50f Liechtenstein 50g Free Territory of Trieste (FTT) 51 France (including Corsica) 51a St. Pierre and Miquelon 51b Martinique 51c Guadeloupe and dependencies (Marie Galante, Les Saintes, Desirade, St. Barthelemy and St. Martin) (French West Indies, collectively) 51d French Guiana (Cayenne) Inini 51e French colonies in America 51f French India 51g Indochina 51h Cambodia 51j Laos 51k Vietnam 51m New Caledonia and dependencies (Isle of Pines, Loyalty Islands, Huon Islands, Chesterfield Islands, Wallis Archipelago) 51n Society Islands (Tahiti, Moorea-Morea; Leeward Island-Iles Sous-leVent) xvii 51p 51r 51s 51t 51u 51v 51w 51x 51y 52 52a 52b 52c 52d 52e 52f 52g 53 53a 53b 53c 53d 53e 53f 53g 53h 53k 53m 53n 53p 54 55 55a 56 56a 56b Lesser groups (Tuamotu-Tumotu or Low Archipelago; Gambier Archipelago; Marquesas; Tubuai Archipelago-Austral Islands) New Hebrides Algeria French West Africa and the Sahara (Senegal, French Guinea, Ivory Coast, Dahomey, French Sudan, Upper Senegal, and the Niger; Mauritania and Dakar), Togo French Equatorial Africa (French Congo) (Gabun-Gabon; Middle Congo-Moyen Congo; Ubanga Shari-Oubangui Chari; and ChadTchad; Brazzaville); Cameroun French Somali Coast and dependencies (Somali Coast); Djibouti, Issa-Somalis; Dankali, Adaels, Ouemas, and Debenehs Madagascar Other African Islands (Mayotte, Comoro, Reunion, Amsterdam, St. Paul Marion, Crozet, and Kerguelen) French possessions and protectorates in Oceania and Eastern Pacific (Australasia and Oceania) Spain Canary Islands Spanish possessions in Africa Rio de Oro and Adrar (Western Sahara) Rio Muni and Cape San Juan (Spanish Guinea) Fernando Po, Annobon, Corisco, and Elobey Islands Tetuan and Ceuta; Gomera, Alhucemas, Melilla Balearic Islands Portugal Madeira Azores Mozambique Portuguese India (Goa, Damao, and Diu) Macao (Macau) Timor Cape Verde Islands (Santo Antão, São Nicolau, São Vicente, Fogo, Santiago, Boa Vista, Sal Santa, Luzia, Branco, Raso, Maio, Brava, Rei, and Rombo) Portuguese Guinea (Guinea Coast), Bijagoz Islands, and Bolama Island São Thomé (São Tomé) and Principe Ladana and Cabinda Angola (Portuguese West Africa), Congo, Loanda, Benguella, Mossamedes, Huilla, and Lunda Portuguese East Africa Switzerland Belgium Belgian Congo (Belgian Kongo) Netherlands Surinam (Netherlands Guiana) Netherlands Antilles (formerly Netherlands West Indies) (Curaçao, Bonaire, Aruba, St. Martin, St. Eustatius, Saba) xviii 56c 56d 56f 57 57a 57b 57c 58 59 59a 59b 60 60a 60b 60c 60d 60e 61 61a 61b 61c 62 62a 62b 62c 63 64 65 65a 66 67 68 69 70 70a 70b 70c 70d 70e 70f 70g 70h 70j 70k Miscellaneous Islands (Riau-Lingga Archipelago, Bangka-Banca; Billiton, Molucca, Timor Archipelago, Bai and Lombok, Netherlands New Guinea, or Western New Guinea) Indonesia Sumatra Norway Scandinavia (57, 58, 59, 60e) Spitsbergen (Spitzbergen) Lapland (Parts of 57, 58, 60e, 61) Sweden Denmark Greenland Faeroe (Faroe) or Sheep Islands EASTERN CONTINENTAL EUROPE (including Balkans, 67, 68, 69, 81, and European part of 82) Baltic States Esthonia Latvia Lithuania Finland (Aland Islands) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Bessarabia Ukraine Sakhalin Island (Russian portion) Germany Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) (Saar) Russian Zone (East Germany) Polish Administration Austria Hungary Italy Vatican City Rumania (Roumania) Albania Yugoslavia Bulgaria AFRICA (For Belgian possessions, see 55a) (For British possessions, see 45) (For French possessions, see 51s, etc.) Mediterranean countries (General) Republic of Guinea (see 79) Cameroon Togo Mali Madagascar Congo Republic Dahomey Niger Upper Volta xix 70m Ivory Coast 70u Nigeria 70x Republic of South Africa 71 Morocco 72 Tunisia 73 Tripoli (Libya or Libia), Barca, Misurata, Benghazi, Derna, Cyrenaica 74 Egypt ( see 86b) 75 Ethiopia (Hamara, Galla, and Harar) 75a Eritrea 76 Liberia 77 Trust Territory of Somaliland 78 Tanganyika Territory (Ruanda-Urundi), formerly German East Africa 79 West African states (includes 45j and 70b) 80 NEAR EAST 81 Greece 81a Crete 81b Samos 82 Turkey 83 Syria (see 86b) 83a Lebanon (Levant States) 84 Palestine 84a Israel 85 Jordan (Hashemite Jordan Kingdom) (formerly Trans-Jordan) 86 Arabia (Arab League) (United Arab states, includes 86b and 86h) 86a Saudia Arabia (Kingdom of Hejas and Nejd) 86b United Arab Republic (includes 74 and 83) 86d Kuwait 86e Muscat and Oman 86f Qatar 86g Trucial Sheikhs 86h Yemen 87 Iraq (Mesopotamia) 88 Iran (Persia) 89 Afghanistan 90 FAR EAST (including all of Asia) 90a Bhutan 90b Burma 90c Nepal 90d Pakistan (Baluchistan) 91 India 92 Thailand (Siam) 93 China 93a Manchuria 93b Tibet 94 Japan 94a Formosa (Taiwan) 94b Sakhalin Island (Japanese portion) 94c Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa), Nampo Islands (Bonin, Volcano, and Marcus) xx 95 95a 95b 96 97 98 99 Korea North Korea South Korea Philippine Republic Malaya (Federation of Malaya comprises the states Pahang, Perak, Negri Sembilan, Selangor, Johore, Kedah, Perlis, Kelantan, Trengganu, and the settlements Malacca and Penang) (includes Province of Wellesley) Republic of Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes) Pacific Islands (Mandated), New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands (Bougainville, Baku), Marshall Islands, Nauru, Caroline Islands, Pelew (Palau) Islands, Marianna Islands (Ladrone Islands), Samoa (Samoan Islands, Western Samoa), Savaii, Upolu xxi ABBREVIATIONS LIST The following abbreviations have been used three or more times in this guide. ANZUS APACL ASA ASAS CENTO DAC MAAG MAP R&D SEAFET SEATO TAIPING UK UN USSR Security Treaty between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States of America Asian Peoples Anti-Communist League Association of Southeast Asia Association of Southeast Asian States Central Treaty Organization Development Assistance Committee Military Assistance Advisory Group Military Assistance Program Research and development Southeast Asia Friendship and Economic Treaty Southeast Asia Treaty Organization U.S.–Asian allies anti-Communist organization United Kingdom United Nations Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union) xxiii REEL INDEX Entries in the index refer to specific documents within Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files: The Far East, 1960–January 1963, Internal Affairs and Foreign Affairs. The documents are arranged according to the U.S. State Department’s decimal filing system. See the Organization of the U.S. Department of State Filing System section of this guide for a brief description of this system, as well as Sample Reel Index entries. For some decimal numbers, the guide writer has included additional topics (enclosed in brackets) following the decimal description. In addition, whenever the documents under a specific classification number total more than one hundred pages, the guide writer provides a breakdown of the material by month and year. When applicable, the guide writer lists, in brackets under the classification number, major subjects that are covered throughout all of the months. The guide writer may list additional major subjects but only under the particular month and year in which they appear. LexisNexis has filmed these documents as they are filed at the National Archives. In some instances, there are documents that appear to have been misclassified by the State Department. In these instances, the guide writer has included in brackets corrected decimal entries. In addition, misfiled decimal number documents have also been included in brackets. The four-digit number on the far left represents the frame number at which a particular decimal classification begins. Reel 1 Frame File 0001 790.00 Subject Internal Political and National Defense Affairs—Far East Political Affairs (General) 0001 January 1960 [Japan on USSR rocket tests in Pacific; Laos political crisis; Ngo Dinh Diem press conference; Norodom Sihanouk; Cambodian neutrality; limited military conflicts; nuclear versus conventional forces in response; Chinese Communist concept of warfare; SEAFET; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0028 February 1960 [SEAFET views of proposed member countries.] 0031 March 1960 [SEAFET views of proposed member countries.] 0034 April 1960 [Pakistan tribal relations; Ahmadzai Wazirs in Frontier Corps; Ryukyuan participation in APACL; Tsai Chang; Ryukyuan independence.] 1 Frame File Subject 0048 May 1960 0052 June 1960 [UN on Pacific territories independence; APACL.] 0063 July 1960 [APACL conference; Korean participation; African representation; Cameroon Union Party; Japan-U.S. relations; Communist China aggressive intentions.] 0097 August 1960 [Country views on ASA establishment; Tungku Abdul Rahman.] 0108 September 1960 [Korean participation in APACL.] 0116 October 1960 [Tungku Abdul Rahman; Enche Mohamed Sopiee; Southeast Asia economic and cultural cooperation; Chiang Kai-shek.] 0122 November 1960 0124 December 1960 [Laos and Cambodia neutrality; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0132 January 1961 [Foreign ministers meeting in Manila; William Holland; neutralism; Communist China admission to UN; Laos political crisis; SEATO role; UK on Laos crisis; France on Laos crisis; foreign ministers meeting final communiqué; Nationalist China on U.S. China policy; Communist China aggressive intentions; Nationalist China, South Korea, Philippines, and Vietnam assessments of foreign ministers meeting; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0222 February 1961 [North Atlantic Council meeting on Far East; foreign ministers meeting in Manila; U.S. military exercise; ASA establishment; Burma on ASAS establishment; UK on Southeast Asia developments; Philippines President Carlos P. Garcia state visit to Malaya; Philippines-Malaya relations.] 0280 March 1961 [Vietnam on ASAS establishment.] 0287 April 1961 [New Delhi seminar on Southeast Asian democracy; Communist China aggressive intentions; Viet Cong attempt to disrupt Vietnam elections; Chester Bowles on U.S. contingency planning for China aggression.] 2 Frame File Subject 0311 May 1961 [Lyndon B. Johnson meeting with Chiang Kai-shek; U.S. China policy; U.S. funding for private aid agencies; Asia Working Group; U.S. refugee assistance; Johnson on India role in Southeast Asia security; Communist China aggressive intentions.] 0347 June 1961 [Foreign ministers meeting; Lyndon B. Johnson on India role in Southeast Asia security; Pakistani reaction; Malaysia Confederation proposal; Tungku Abdul Rahman; APACL conference; Carlos P. Garcia; Thomas F. Dodd; Suzanne Labin; tactics for countering Communist expansion; Communist propaganda; ASA meeting; Singapore inclusion in Malaysia Confederation; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0420 July 1961 [Malaysia Confederation proposal; Tungku Abdul Rahman; Thailand ability to withstand Communist penetration; Chiang Kai-shek; Communist China aggressive intentions; Communist China admission to UN; UK on Malaysia Confederation proposal; unconventional warfare capabilities in Southeast Asian countries; Singapore inclusion in Malaysia Confederation; arguments for and against confederation; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0459 August 1961 [Singapore inclusion in Malaysia Confederation; U Kyaw Nyein; Malaysia Confederation proposal; Tungku Abdul Rahman; retention of Singapore bases for SEATO; UK view on confederation; Singapore view on confederation; Lee Kuan Yew; ASA meeting; Vietnam on ASA; Walt W. Rostow on Southeast Asia contingency planning; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0519 September 1961 [U.S. Far East Refugee Program; Hong Kong refugees from Communist China; Nationalist China–U.S. mutual security plan; Singapore inclusion in Malaysia Confederation; U Kyaw Nyein; Malaysia Confederation proposal; Tungku Abdul Rahman; Lee Kuan Yew; status of Singapore bases for SEATO; Liao Wen-yi.] 0549 October 1961 [Status of Singapore bases for SEATO; Malaysia Confederation proposal; Tungku Abdul Rahman; U.S.-USSR discussions on Laos; military situation in Laos and Vietnam; Viet Cong strength; W. Averell Harriman; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0578 November 1961 [Pacific Community establishment; comparison to European multilateral organizations; Indonesian army civil works; Malaysia 3 Frame File Subject Confederation proposal; UK view on confederation; Tungku Abdul Rahman.] 0596 December 1961 [UK on Borneo inclusion in Malaysia Confederation; Tungku Abdul Rahman; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0609 January 1962 [Nationalist China on Communist aggression; Shen Chang-huan.] 0618 February 1962 [Brunei inclusion in Malaysian Confederation.] 0624 March 1962 [India-Pakistan dispute over Kashmir; India on Communist China; Diosdado Pangan Macapagal; Asian Press Conference; press freedom; Malaysia Confederation proposal; Tungku Abdul Rahman.] 0641 April 1962 0644 May 1962 [Clark MacGregor; U.S. policy on Laos; Wibun Thammavit; Thailand Communist activity; U.S.-Pakistan discussion; APACL Freedom Center establishment; APACL conference in Seoul; texts of conference statements; cooperative anti-Communist policies; Lee Kuan Yew; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0707 June 1962 [Australia-U.S. discussion on Asia; South Pacific Commission working group on Pacific Islands; APACL conference in Japan; PhilippinesU.S. discussion on Asia.] 0725 July 1962 [APACL conference in Japan; John F. Kennedy on interdependence of U.S. and Europe; W. Averell Harriman–India discussion on Asia; U.S. civilian personnel in Far East; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0752 August 1962 [Philippines inclusion in Malaysia Confederation; Japan security; Pakistan-Afghanistan-Iran confederation; India-Pakistan relations; Ayub Khan on India; Robert Murphy; APACL conference in Japan.] 0779 September 1962 [Robert Murphy as guest speaker at APACL conference; U. Alexis Johnson address at Japanese-American Citizens League; U.S. and Japan roles in Asia; Australia aid to Southeast Asia; Task Force Southeast Asia; APACL Freedom Center establishment; Laos political conditions; Souvanna Phouma; SEATO; Thailand-U.S. relations; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 4 Frame File Subject 0811 October 1962 [USSR policies toward South Vietnam; Task Force Southeast Asia; APACL conference in Tokyo; neutralism; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0821 December 1962 [International Control Commission Laos operations; tribal groups in Burma and Thailand; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0836 January 1963 [Otto of Hapsburg on East Asia; U.S.-Netherlands discussion on Southeast Asia; Thanat Khoman; Communist China aggressive intentions; International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0844 790.00(W) Political Affairs: Weeka Reports [Pakistan foreign relations; Indonesia political conditions.] 0855 790.001 Political Affairs: Communism [USSR lecture on other Communist parties; Japan anti-Communist strategies; Pure Mind Association; Malaysia Confederation proposal; Tungku Abdul Rahman; APACL conference in Tokyo; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia.] 0902 790.02 Political Affairs: Government [Spratly Islands claim by Morton F. Meads; High Commission Territories.] 0921 790.022 Political Affairs: Government—Territory [Chu Kuang; Kwangtung territorial claims by Communist China; Kashmir; Spratly Islands; South Pacific Commission; Pacific Islands study group; ANZUS; Indonesia-Netherlands conflict over Western New Guinea; French Guiana; South Pacific Conference.] Reel 2 Internal Political and National Defense Affairs—Far East cont. 0001 790.0221 Political Affairs: Government—Territory Occupied by Foreign Military Forces 0001 January 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission; Arthur S. Osborne; U.S. delegation report to commission; commission work in public health, agriculture and economic development, and social development; South Pacific Research Council; Rhinoceros Beetle Project.] 5 Frame File Subject 0046 February 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission–World Health Organization relations; South Pacific Commission regional education meeting.] 0068 March 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission–World Health Organization relations; South Pacific Commission–State Department relations.] 0074 April 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission; South Pacific Conference; Knowles A. Ryerson concerns about U.S. delegation.] 0084 May 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission; U.S. funding.] 0092 June 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Conference at Pago Pago, American Samoa.] 0097 August 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission.] 0100 September 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission.] 0107 October 1960 [Oceania; U.S. delegation to South Pacific Commission; Knowles A. Ryerson instructions; Pacific Science Congress.] 0119 November 1960 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission.] 0129 December 1960 [Oceania; Knowles A. Ryerson; South Pacific Commission activities and members.] 0147 January 1961 [Oceania; technical assistance to South Pacific Commission.] 0159 February 1961 [Oceania; Western Samoa membership in South Pacific Commission.] 0169 March 1961 [Oceania; Robert C. Hayes; South Pacific Commission.] 0180 April 1961 [Oceania; Knowles A. Ryerson; South Pacific Commission activities and members; Western New Guinea legislative council.] 6 Frame File Subject 0190 May 1961 [Oceania; South Pacific Research Council; Indonesia-Netherlands dispute concerning Western New Guinea; Herman Womsimor; Western New Guinea tribal warfare.] 0202 June 1961 [Oceania; Western Samoa membership in South Pacific Commission; New Zealand views; South Pacific Commission personnel problems; Pacific territories’ attitudes toward South Pacific Commission.] 0225 July 1961 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission officials’ travel permits to U.S. territories; Hawaii treatment of Samoans; inadequacy of U.S. aid to Samoa.] 0236 August 1961 [Oceania; sovereignty of Formosa, Okinawa, and certain Pacific islands; Japan.] 0252 September 1961 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; Western Samoa membership; New Zealand on South Pacific Commission.] 0269 October 1961 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; Western Samoa membership; New Zealand on South Pacific Commission reorganization; commission work in public health, agriculture, and economic development; technical assistance to commission; American Samoa supplemental appropriation.] 0315 November 1961 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization.] 0319 January 1962 [Oceania; technical assistance to South Pacific Commission; John W. Coulter; commission work in areas of public health, agriculture, and economic development.] 0338 February 1962 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; UN Office of Independent Territories proposal; world colonial system status table.] 0361 March 1962 [Oceania; Knowles A. Ryerson; South Pacific Commission reorganization and French and Dutch views; commission work; South Pacific Conference; Ryerson–John F. Kennedy communication.] 0395 April 1962 7 Frame File Subject 0398 May 1962 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; admission of former territories; Western Samoa membership; South Pacific Conference; reassignment of State Department responsibility for commission.] 0421 June 1962 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; admission of former territories; Western Samoa membership; South Pacific Conference; Rhinoceros Beetle Project; international cooperation in environmental sciences; New Zealand–U.S. talks on Pacific islands.] 0453 July 1962 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; admission of former territories; Western Samoa membership; South Pacific Conference; Rhinoceros Beetle Project; delegations to conference; Manuel Guerrero; texts of agreements establishing South Pacific Commission; negotiation of revised agreement; French objections; Pacific islands business training, agricultural development; women’s rights and roles, social development, and education.] 0591 August 1962 [Oceania; R. H. Boyan; William D. Forsyth nomination as South Pacific Commission secretary general; South Pacific Conference summary.] 0622 September 1962 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; Western Samoa membership; Netherlands withdrawal from commission; Netherlands New Guinea transfer to UN; Pacific Islands Study Group; member governments’ contributions to commission.] 0663 October 1962 [Oceania; Rhinoceros Beetle Project; South Pacific Commission reorganization; French views; Pacific Islands Study Group; Trust Territory of Pacific Islands, U.S.; Guam; Indonesian membership; Australian opposition; William D. Forsyth appointment as South Pacific Commission secretary general.] 0695 November 1962 [Oceania; Papua New Guinea.] 0699 December 1962 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; admission of former territories; Western Samoa membership; South Pacific Regional Council proposal; Korea-U.S. discussion.] 0724 January 1963 [Oceania; South Pacific Commission reorganization; commission budget.] 8 Frame File Subject 0729 790.13 Political Affairs: Executive Branch of Government—Cabinet [Tungku Abdul Rahman.] 0734 790.2 Political Affairs: Legislative Branch of Government 0735 790.21 Political Affairs: Legislative Branch of Government—Proceedings 0736 790.311 Political Affairs: Judicial Branch of Government—Attorneys [Afro-Asian Jurists conference; Communist influence at conference; conference disruptions; listing of conference resolutions; AsianAfrican Legal Consultative Committee conferences; Asian Conference on World Peace Through Law; Conference of Lawyers on the Americas.] 0782 790.34 Political Affairs: Judicial Branch of Government—Laws [Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee conferences; U Myint Thein address; conference views on nuclear testing at sea; testing as violation of law of the sea; John F. Kennedy message to Asian Conference on World Peace Through Law.] 0872 790.5 National Defense Affairs (General) 0872 January 1961 [ANZUS meeting; SEATO meeting; Laos civil war; Pathet Lao activity; SEATO involvement.] 0888 February 1961 [ANZUS meeting; SEATO meeting; Laos insurgency; Pathet Lao activity.] 0889 March 1961 0890 April 1961 [Flying Brothers joint military exercise; Japan air force nonparticipation.] 0896 May 1961 [U.S. defense aid to Australia; U.S. diplomatic-military communications; Australia-UK military relations; commonwealth single military command for Southeast Asia; Louis Mountbatten; SEATO contingency plan for countering Communist insurgency in Laos; Lyndon B. Johnson report to John F. Kennedy on Asia trip; Johnson assessment of Southeast Asia, India, and Pakistan.] 0918 June 1961 [Australia defense role in Southeast Asia.] 0924 July 1961 [U.S.–Asian allies anti-Communist organization (“TAIPING”); relation to SEATO; Chiang Kai-shek.] 9 Frame File Subject 0925 August 1961 [TAIPING; relation to SEATO; ANZUS meeting.] 0939 September 1961 [Thai and Vietnamese paramilitary units; TAIPING; Vietnam participation; Ngo Dinh Diem; Thailand-U.S. bilateral defense treaty; Philippines views on SEATO; MAAG.] 0973 October 1961 [TAIPING.] 0978 November 1961 [TAIPING.] 0989 December 1961 [TAIPING.] 0999 January 1962 [Achmed Sukarno; ANZUS and SEATO meetings scheduling.] Reel 3 Internal Political and National Defense Affairs—Far East cont. 0001 790.5 National Defense Affairs (General) cont. 0001 January 1960 [New Zealand on SEATO contingency planning; Laos insurgency; difficulties experienced by U.S. SEATO Fellow John F. Brohm with Thailand border police.] 0020 March 1960 [SEATO Preparatory Commission on University Problems.] 0024 April 1960 0025 May 1960 [Japan-U.S. cooperative defense R&D.] 0030 June 1960 [ANZUS meeting; Japan-U.S. cooperative defense R&D; SEATO contingency planning; Pakistan troop deployment planning.] 0043 September 1960 0044 October 1960 [Thailand views on SEATO.] 0046 November 1960 10 Frame File Subject 0047 February 1962 [Commonwealth single military command for Southeast Asia; Louis Mountbatten; ANZUS and SEATO meetings scheduling; war game (“SIGMA”) analysis of Southeast Asia; U.S. funding for Southeast Asia contingencies; Thailand views on SEATO; SEATO voting procedures; W. Averell Harriman; Australia-U.S. cooperative defense R&D.] 0104 March 1962 [Indonesia-Netherlands conflict over Western New Guinea; Australia views on U.S. defense policy; Denis Warner; ANZUS meeting; Dean Rusk attendance; U.S. strategy for Asian “rimland”; India; Japan; North Atlantic Treaty Organization observers at Pacific nuclear tests.] 0141 April 1962 [ANZUS meeting; Dean Rusk attendance; ANZUS meeting agenda and schedule; Japan view on U.S. versus Communist military power in Far East; proposed Pacific Community; Nationalist China civilian and military R&D capability; Nationalist China–U.S. cooperative defense R&D; Defense Development Exchange Program; Australia defense role in Southeast Asia; Australia-U.S. trade relations; Japan, Republic of Korea, and Nationalist China observers at U.S. Pacific nuclear tests.] 0265 May 1962 [ANZUS meeting; agenda and schedule; Australian military involvement in South Vietnam; Australia-U.S. trade relations; U.S. position on Indonesia-Netherlands conflict over Western New Guinea; Achmed Sukarno; Communist expansionism in Southeast Asia after May 1960 summit breakdown.] 0315 June 1962 [Thailand on Pakistan withdrawal from SEATO; India-Nepal relations; Australia defense role in Southeast Asia; U.S. Task Force Southeast Asia establishment; W. Averell Harriman; Australia on SEATO countersubversion office; MAAG missions financial requirements; South Pacific Commission countries’ working group on Pacific islands; Kurdish nationalism in Iraq.] 0353 July 1962 [South Pacific Commission countries’ working group on Pacific islands; U.S. military aid to Thailand; medical aid by military forces in remote areas; UN peace charter for Southeast Asia.] 0374 August 1962 [Task Force Southeast Asia report; U.S. support of medical aid by indigenous forces in remote areas; Thailand; U.S. aid suspension to countries aiding Cuba.] 11 Frame File Subject 0387 September 1962 [U.S. support of medical aid by indigenous forces in remote areas; Philippines; India–Southeast Asia relations; Defense Development Exchange Program establishment; U.S. aid suspension to countries aiding Cuba.] 0408 October 1962 [U.S.-Thailand talks on U.S. troops deployment; Sarit Thanarat; U.S. conventional force requirements for deterring Communist aggression; SEATO troop withdrawals from Laos; Task Force Southeast Asia report.] 0425 November 1962 [U.S. arms sales to India; Japan-U.S. talks; Japan-India relations; Nepal views on South Asia security.] 0434 December 1962 [Achmed Sukarno opposition to Malaysia Confederation; Malaysia political unrest.] 0440 January 1963 [Indonesian threat to Malaysia, Thailand, and Philippines; Achmed Sukarno opposition to Malaysia Confederation; Thanat Khoman.] 0448 790.5-MSP National Defense Affairs: Mutual Security Program [Mutual Security Program operations and finances.] 0448 January 1960 [U.S. aid and aid workers appraisal.] 0463 February 1960 0464 March 1960 [MAAG chiefs duty tour duration; Mutual Security Program mismanagement allegations; limited warfare; Sam Sary; Ann Renova; Philippines on U.S. aid reduction; Development Loan Fund.] 0491 April 1960 [State Department activities under program; Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act; Battle Act; control of strategic materials exports to Communist bloc.] 0496 October 1960 0497 November 1960 0499 December 1960 [MAP.] 12 Frame File Subject 0506 January 1961 [Cargo shipment problems.] 0511 February 1961 [Cargo shipment/payment procedures; Toyota Motor Co.; FY61 MAP funding increase.] 0521 March 1961 [Foreign workers policies.] 0531 April 1961 [Mutual Security and Related Agencies Appropriations Act; U.S. aid suspension to countries aiding Cuba; House Foreign Affairs Committee staff report on program in Pakistan, Nationalist China, and Philippines; MAP; MAAG program management.] 0597 May 1961 [Mutual Security and Related Agencies Appropriations Act; country views on J. William Fulbright speech; Indonesia-U.S. discussion on aid.] 0604 July 1961 [Country views on J. William Fulbright speech; State Department on Fulbright.] 0622 August 1961 0640 September 1961 0641 790.5211 National Defense Affairs: Intelligence Activities—U.S. [Communist Chinese military activity in Laos and Vietnam.] 0645 790.5211 National Defense Affairs: Intelligence Activities—China [Japan on Communist China.] 0647 790.54 National Defense Affairs: Maneuvers [Joint military exercises.] 0647 January 1960 [SEATO exercises.] 0655 February 1960 [Flying Brothers joint military exercise; Japan air force nonparticipation.] 0659 March 1960 [CENTO air defense exercise SHAHBAZ V; Pakistan; SEATO exercise; Laos.] 13 Frame File Subject 0667 April 1960 [CENTO air defense exercise SHAHBAZ V; Pakistan.] 0670 June 1960 [SEATO naval exercise SEALION.] 0673 July 1960 [U.S.-Canadian antisubmarine warfare exercise; U.S. weapons demonstration.] 0677 August 1960 [U.S. weapons demonstration.] 0683 September 1960 [U.S. weapons demonstration.] 0687 November 1960 [U.S. weapons demonstration.] 0693 December 1960 [U.S. weapons demonstration.] 0695 March 1961 [CENTO air defense exercise SHAHBAZ V.] 0705 April 1961 [CENTO air defense exercise SHAHBAZ V.] 0712 June 1961 [CENTO air defense exercise SHAHBAZ V.] 0714 October 1961 [CENTO air defense exercise SHAHBAZ V.] 0718 February 1962 [CENTO air defense exercise SHAHBAZ V.] 0719 March 1962 [SEATO naval exercise SEA DEVIL; U.S. weapons demonstration.] 0739 April 1962 [U.S. weapons demonstration.] 0741 September 1962 [U.S. weapons demonstration.] 0745 November 1962 [SEATO exercises.] 14 Frame File Subject Reel 4 Internal Political and National Defense Affairs—Far East cont. 0001 790.5400 National Defense Affairs: Troop Movements—Other Countries 0001 February 1962 [Detailed documentation of politico-military game (“SIGMA”) analysis of Southeast Asia: alternative Communist and anti-Communist strategies and tactics; naval strategy; diplomacy; 1954 Geneva Convention; contingency planning; psychological warfare; guerrilla warfare; civil-military relations; North Vietnam; South Vietnam; Viet Cong; Pathet Lao; Laos; Cambodia; Thailand; Communist China; USSR; current military force structures; political objectives and policies; political and military leaders; Ngo Dinh Diem; Ho Chi Minh; Vo Hguyen Giap; Le Duan; summary of provisions of 1954 Geneva Convention agreement establishing Indochina armistice; Declaration on Neutrality of Laos; International Control Commission; chronologies from Communist and anti-Communist points of view.] 0431 790.5411 National Defense Affairs: Troop Movements—U.S. [Joint military exercises; Moluccas Islands unrest; U.S. Military Air Transport Service airlift operations; USSR antimissile activity; Project Hubcap; Exercise Prairie Wolf (naval control of merchant shipping); U.S. Seventh Fleet; U.S. response to Laos cease-fire violations.] Internal Economic, Industrial and Social Affairs—Far East 0513 890.00 Economic Matters (General) 0513 January 1960 [U.S. overdue economic reports.] 0522 February 1960 [Proposed Asian Productivity Association.] 0526 March 1960 [Australia Colombo Plan aid by country.] 0536 April 1960 [UK views on South Asian countries; Ceylon; India; Pakistan; Asian Economic Community proposal.] 0556 May 1960 [Bandung Conference; Indonesian Peace Committee; Richard Wilson on Asia; UK aid to Laos.] 0568 June 1960 [Proposed Asian Productivity Association; Australia membership; New Zealand membership.] 0571 July 1960 15 Frame File Subject 0573 September 1960 0574 October 1960 [World Bank operations in Pakistan.] 0578 March 1961 [Colombo Plan.] 0579 June 1961 0581 July 1961 [Southeast Asia common market establishment; Australia membership.] 0584 August 1961 0586 September 1961 [Colombo Plan Bureau.] 0589 October 1961 [Colombo Plan meeting; Colombo Plan aid.] 0593 November 1961 [Communist China economic failure.] 0597 December 1961 0599 February 1962 [Organization for Asian Economic Cooperation establishment; Japan membership; Japan-U.S. economic relations.] 0606 March 1962 0608 April 1962 0610 May 1962 [ASA meeting.] 0613 June 1962 [Colombo Plan Burma membership.] 0614 July 1962 0615 August 1962 [Indonesia restriction of Nationalist China sports team.] 0617 October 1962 [Japan role in Indonesia aid.] 16 Frame File Subject 0620 890.00-PC Economic Matters: Peace Corps [Malaya projects; Ernest Howell; volunteers use in UN projects; Economic Committee for Asia and the Far East; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; hydrology; scientists.] 0646 890.0000 Economic Matters: Economic Relations between Far East and Other Countries [DAC meeting on Asia.] 0652 890.00-PC Economic Matters: Peace Corps [Equipment donations; regional conference in Singapore.] 0679 890.0000 Economic Matters: Economic Relations between Far East and Other Countries [DAC meeting on Asia.] 0684 890.00-PC Economic Matters: Peace Corps 0686 890.0093 Economic Matters: Economic Relations between Far East and China [Nationalist China technical aid to other countries.] 0688 890.0094 Economic Matters: Economic Relations between Far East and Japan [Tadao Umesao; Japan economic aid to Asia; Afro-Asian Rural Reconstruction Conference.] 0698 890.02 Economic Matters: Housing; Building Construction 0699 890.021 Economic Matters: Building Construction—City and Country Planning [Afro-Asian Rural Reconstruction Conference.] 0706 890.03 Economic Matters: Food; Food Conditions [Saigon nutrition symposium; Interdepartmental Committee on Nutrition for National Defense.] 0715 890.05111 Economic Matters: Capital—Investment: U.S. [U.S. business establishment in Asia; U.S. aid, trade, and investment; Henry J. Kaiser Co. infrastructure investments in Taiwan and Hong Kong; Kaiser Engineers, Federal Inc.; China Trade Act; regional conference of U.S. commercial officers; State Department assistance to U.S. exporters.] Reel 5 Internal Economic, Industrial and Social Affairs—Far East cont. 0001 890.06 Economic Matters: Labor; Labor Conditions (General) 0001 March 1961 17 Frame File Subject 0002 May 1961 [Overdue U.S. labor reports; Asian labor ministers’ conference; Asian labor organization proposal; International Labor Organization role in Asia; Philippines on International Labor Organization.] 0059 June 1961 [Labor-management relations in European countries; Spain; France; Israel; Italy; United Kingdom; Ludwig Teller.] 0119 June 1962 0120 August 1962 [Afro-Asian labor conference proposal.] 0121 January 1963 [International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; Meyer Bernstein.] 0129 890.061 Economic Matters: Labor; Labor Conditions—Wages [Library of Congress survey team.] 0130 890.062 Economic Matters: Labor; Labor Conditions—Unions 0130 March 1960 [Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference.] 0132 April 1960 [Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference.] 0133 May 1960 0134 June 1960 [Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference.] 0136 July 1960 [Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference.] 0137 October 1960 [Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference.] 0138 November 1960 [Asian Transport Workers’ Conference.] 0204 January 1961 [Asian Transport Workers’ Conference.] 0205 May 1961 [Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference.] 0206 June 1961 [Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference.] 18 Frame File Subject 0210 July 1961 [Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference; Communist influence on conference; working conditions; workers’ rights.] 0235 October 1961 [Standard-Vacuum Co. labor dispute; International Federation of Petroleum Workers.] 0239 December 1961 [Standard-Vacuum Co. labor dispute.] 0243 March 1962 [International Transportworkers Federation.] 0245 April 1962 0246 July 1962 [Swedish labor organizers.] 0248 September 1962 [Afro-Asian labor conference proposal.] 0252 October 1962 0254 November 1962 [Postal Telegraph and Telephone International conference.] 0260 December 1962 [Afro-Asian labor conference.] 0264 January 1963 [Afro-Asian labor conference.] 0265 890.062WFTU Economic Matters: Labor; Labor Conditions—Unions: World Federation of Trade Unions 0267 890.072 Economic Matters: Pensions—Old-age 0268 890.10 Financial Matters: (General) 0269 890.171 Financial Matters: Intellectual, Technical, and Industrial Property— Patents 0270 890.181 Financial Matters: Immigration—Travel and Tourism [Pacific area tourism development project; New Zealand position on tourism; U.S. tourists’ impressions on Asians; ban on U.S. travel to Tibet and Mongolia; Pacific Area Travel Association conferences; Korea hosting application.] 0328 890.19 Financial Matters: Industrial Matters 19 Frame File Subject 0329 890D.19 Financial Matters: Industrial Matters (Pakistan) [Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation.] 0333 890.1901 Financial Matters: Industrial Matters—Atomic Energy Peaceful Purposes [Safeguards monitoring.] 0340 890.191 Financial Matters: Industrial Matters—Exhibitions; Fairs [U.S. atomic energy exhibit; U.S. Southeast Asia Trade Center; Asian Trade Fair proposal.] 0374 890.191-KA Financial Matters: Industrial Matters—Exhibitions: Karachi, Pakistan [Asian Trade Fair proposal.] 0376 890.20 Agriculture (General) [Pakistan Agricultural Development Corp. proposal.] 0381 890.2317 Agriculture: Field Crops—Grains: Rice [U.S.-Asia rice trade.] 0393 890.235 Agriculture: Field Crops—Sugar-yielding Plants 0394 890.24221 Agriculture: Animal Husbandry—Cattle 0395 890.24223 Agriculture: Animal Husbandry—Swine 0396 890.245 Agriculture: Animal Husbandry—Fisheries 0397 890.2553 Mines and Mining: Carbon—Petroleum; Oil [Northcutt Ely.] 0399 890.2544 Mines and Mining: Base Metals—Tin [Eastern Smelting Co.; tin smelting.] 0401 890.2553 Mines and Mining: Carbon—Petroleum; Oil 0407 890.2612 Engineering and Architecture: Public Construction—Roads; Highways; Bridges [Asian highway project; proposed Laos-Vietnam segments.] 0428 890.35 Manufacturers and Manufacturing: Clothing; Textile Industry 0430 890.358 Manufacturers and Manufacturing: Textile Industry—Synthetic Fibers 0431 890.3972 Manufacturers and Manufacturing: Other Manufactures—Chemicals: Fertilizers [Standard-Vacuum Co.] 20 Frame File Subject 0434 Social Matters (General) 0434 June 1961 [Joint Working Party on Economic and Cultural Cooperation Among Southeast Asian Countries.] 890.40 0435 November 1961 [Symposium on Economic and Social Problems of the Far East.] 0440 February 1962 [Jacqueline Kennedy visit to India and Pakistan.] 0442 May 1962 [Korea request for social programs materials; Pakistan.] 0445 July 1962 [Korea request for social programs materials; Thai-SEATO Regional Community Development Technical Assistance Center; Thailand national community development program; Thailand village administrator duties; Thailand audiovisual education.] 0556 December 1962 [Women’s role in rural development (workshop).] 0559 890.401 Social Matters and Conditions: Population; Census [Census data utilization; population and economic development; Ford Foundation.] 0562 890.411 Social Matters and Conditions: People—Refugees [U.S. refugees policy and aid; Ralph Clough; Luther H. Evans; Communist Chinese and Tibetan refugees; resettlement and aid in Hong Kong, India, Nepal, and other countries.] 0661 890.412 Social Matters and Conditions: People—Language [U.S. spacecraft tracking station on Zanzibar; Afro-Asian Writers’ Conference.] 0664 890.413 Social Matters and Conditions: People—Religion [Jesuit-sponsored conference on credit unions; Walter Hogan; Norman Gerstenfeld; Muslim League convention.] 0684 890.43 Social Matters and Conditions: Education (General) 0684 January 1960 [English teaching programs.] 0690 February 1960 21 Frame File Subject 0693 May 1960 [English teaching programs; teachers’ conference; World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Professions; schools and child health; United Nations Children’s Fund aid programs; child nutrition.] 0764 July 1960 0765 October 1960 [Afro-Asian Students Federation.] 0778 February 1961 0779 July 1961 [Asian Students Conference.] 0790 August 1961 [Asian Students Conference; teachers’ conference.] 0795 March 1962 [Accountants’ conference.] 0798 890.431 Social Matters and Conditions: Education—Elementary Education; Primary Schools; High Schools 0799 890.432 Social Matters and Conditions: Education—Advanced Education; Colleges; Universities [Association of Southeast Asian Institutions of Higher Learning conference; regional legal training center.] 0805 890.434 Social Matters and Conditions: Education—Education of the Blind; Physically Handicapped 0807 890.435 Social Matters and Conditions: Education—Vocational [SEATO Graduate School of Engineering.] 0809 890.451 Social Matters and Conditions: Amusements—Theaters; Operas; Concerts [U.S. films.] 0812 890.453 Social Matters and Conditions: Amusements—Sports; Athletics 0812 July 1960 [Indonesia; Asian Games facilities; Asian Games Israel participation.] 0815 September 1960 [Southeast Asian Peninsular Games.] 0821 July 1961 [Badminton tournament; Indonesia badminton stars; Asian Games; Jakarta, Indonesia; golf tournament.] 22 Frame File Subject 0857 August 1961 [Golf tournament.] 0860 November 1961 0861 December 1961 [Indonesia; Asian Games facilities; Nationalist China participation.] Reel 6 Internal Economic, Industrial and Social Affairs—Far East cont. 0001 890.453 Social Matters and Conditions: Amusements—Sports; Athletics cont. 0001 January 1962 [Indonesia; Asian Games Nationalist China participation; Israel participation.] 0008 February 1962 [Indonesia; Asian Games facilities.] 0027 March 1962 [Gunson Hoh; Eastman Kodak Corp.] 0034 April 1962 [Indonesia; Asian Games; Gunson Hoh.] 0044 May 1962 0045 June 1962 [Southeast Asian Peninsular Games.] 0047 July 1962 [Indonesia; Asian Games; Nationalist China participation.] 0052 August 1962 [Indonesia; Asian Games; Nationalist China participation; ethnic Chinese athletes’ name changes to Indonesian; Gunson Hoh; U.S. coaches of Indonesian teams; Achmed Sukarno opposition to Nationalist China participation; Israel withdrawal from games; Subandrio; Avery Brundage; barring of Nationalist China and Israel participation; Asian reaction.] 0168 September 1962 [Asian Games and Indonesia-India relations; Asian Games and China-India relations; anti-Indian incidents in Jakarta.] 23 Frame File Subject 0190 October 1962 [Asian Games and Indonesia-India relations; anti-Indian incidents in Jakarta; International Amateur Athletic Federation sanction of Indonesia.] 0197 890.4531 Social Matters and Conditions: Amusements—Athletics: Olympic Games [Communist view of Asian Games; International Amateur Athletic Federation sanction of Indonesia; Bandung Conference.] 0208 890.46 Social Matters and Conditions: Societies [APACL conference in Japan; women’s conference Nationalist China participation.] 0223 890.4612 Social Matters and Conditions: Societies—Boy Scouts; Girl Scouts 0224 890.49 Social Matters and Conditions: Disasters; Relief Measures [Medical International Cooperation Organization medical services; Peter D. Comanduras.] 0231 890.501 Public Order, Safety, and Health: National and State Police 0232 890.55 Public Order, Safety, and Health: Public Health; Diseases; Epidemics [Medical International Cooperation Organization medical services; Peter D. Comanduras; Thomas A. Dooley; project HOPE; Taiwan cholera outbreak; U.S. support of medical aid by indigenous forces in remote areas.] 0275 890.558 [890.555 Public Order, Safety, and Health: Public Health—Practice of Medicine] 0276 890.56 Public Order, Safety, and Health: Public Health—Charities Communications, Transportation, Science—Far East 0277 990.00 Communications (General) [Thailand telecommunications project; Southeast Asia Telecommunications System.] 0284 990.10 Communications: Postal [Asian Postal Union proposal.] 0286 990.20 Communications: Telegraph; Cable [Thailand telecommunications project; Southeast Asia Telecommunications System; Japan-Korea submarine cables dispute.] 0293 990.2194 Communications: Cable—Communication between Japan and the Far East 24 Frame File Subject 0294 990.40 Communications: Radio; Radio Broadcasting [Frequencies use; Asian Broadcasters’ Conference in Malaysia.] 0318 990.50 Communications: Television; Facsimile Transmission 0320 990.60 Communications: Public Press [Afro-Asian Writers’ Conference.] 0322 990.61 Communications: Public Press—Newspapers [Asian Press Conference.] 0324 990.62 Communications: Public Press—Newsgathering Agencies [Asian Press Conference; Asian Broadcasters’ Conference.] 0330 990.6211 Communications: Public Press—Newsgathering Agencies: U.S. [Visiting U.S. journalists; Asian journalists visiting U.S. in cultural exchange program; American Press Institute; American Broadcasting Co.; David Hardy; Filmways, Inc.; Ben Gradus; Bob Shaplen; American Newspapers Study Missions.] 0416 990.6241 Communications: Public Press—Newsgathering Agencies: U.K. [Rene Noorbergen.] 0420 990.6294 Communications: Public Press—Newsgathering Agencies: Japan 0421 990.6295B Communications: Public Press—Newsgathering Agencies: South Korea 0422 990.6296 Communications: Public Press—Newsgathering Agencies: Philippines 0423 990.72 Transportation: Air Transportation [James K. Sproat; KSL Aviation and Trading Co.; Rosa Lam.] 0431 990.726 Transportation: Air Transportation—Sale and/or Purchase of Aircraft 0432 990.73 Transportation: Water Transportation [Japan–North America oceanborne freight conferences.] 0434 990.7301 Transportation: Water Transportation—Rivers; Flood Prevention 0434 January 1960 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in environmental sciences; hydrology.] 0442 March 1960 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in environmental sciences; hydrology.] 0449 April 1960 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in environmental sciences; hydrology.] 25 Frame File Subject 0461 July 1960 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; travel restrictions in Vietnam.] 0463 August 1960 0466 September 1960 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; Harza Co.] 0467 January 1961 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; Ford Foundation participation; international cooperation in environmental sciences; George Gant; Walter A. Rudlin.] 0480 February 1961 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; Japan-U.S. cooperative dam project.] 0508 March 1961 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in environmental sciences; USSR-Cambodia offer to build dam.] 0520 April 1961 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin.] 0525 May 1961 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; Ford Foundation participation; international cooperation in project; hydrology; project economic impacts.] 0532 June 1961 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in project; Japan-U.S. cooperative dam project.] 0541 July 1961 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in project; Japan-U.S. cooperative dam project; Floyd E. Dominy.] 0552 August 1961 [Mekong River; Australian Geological Survey.] 0553 September 1961 [Mekong River; Mekong River Patrol; Communist infiltration of Thailand via river.] 26 Frame File Subject 0555 October 1961 [Mekong River; Viet Cong infiltration via Mekong River; U.S. Coast Guard patrols.] 0567 December 1961 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin.] 0569 January 1962 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin.] 0571 February 1962 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project.] 0576 March 1962 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project.] 0581 April 1962 [Mekong River; Lower Mekong River Project.] 0585 May 1962 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in project.] 0591 June 1962 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Harza Engineering Co.; hydrology.] 0605 July 1962 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in project.] 0614 August 1962 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Lower Mekong River Project.] 0618 September 1962 0619 October 1962 0620 November 1962 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Lower Mekong River Project; international cooperation in project.] 27 Frame File Subject 0626 December 1962 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Lower Mekong River Project; West Germany participation in project.] 0636 January 1963 [Mekong River; Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin; Communist China participation; hydrology.] 0675 990.732 Transportation: Water Transportation—Rates; Subsidies [Far East Freight Conference; oceanborne shipping.] 0677 990.735 Transportation: Water Transportation—Taxes on Navigation 0681 990.737 Transportation: Water Transportation—Fueling and Provisioning 0683 990.738 Transportation: Water Transportation—Documentation and Inspection [Merchant mariners’ lost documentation.] 0686 990.80 Science (General) 0688 990.801 Science: Research and Development [U.S. atmospheric project.] 0696 990.8012 Science: Research and Development—Scientific Publications; Films [Scientific documentation centers; UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization technical assistance.] 0701 990.8016 Science: Research and Development—Scientific Training Program 0702 990.802 Science: Research and Development—Space Travel; Artificial Satellites [Space programs or nuclear powered ships to offset Communist China nuclear tests.] 0716 990.828 Science: Earth Sciences—Geology [Tektites.] 0717 990.8294 Sciences: Earth Sciences—Geophysics: Meteorology 0720 990.8295 Sciences: Earth Sciences—Geophysics: Oceanography [Indian Ocean expedition.] 0724 990.8296 Sciences: Earth Sciences—Geophysics: Seismology 0730 990.831 Sciences: Natural Sciences—Biology 0731 990.84 Sciences: Medical Sciences 28 Frame File Subject Reel 7 International Political Relations; Bilateral Treaties—Far East 0001 690.00 Political Relations between the Far East and Other Countries [Thanat Khoman; tribal groups.] 0012 690.0012 Political Relations between the Far East and Other Countries: Arms Limitations 0013 690.5 [790.5 National Defense Affairs (General)] 0014 690.91 Political Relations between the Far East and Pakistan [India-Pakistan relations.] 0016 690.91322 Political Relations between the Far East and Pakistan—Boundary Questions: Water Boundary—Diversion of International Waters; Water Pollution [India-Pakistan relations; Canal Waters Treaty.] 0017 690.93 Political Relations between the Far East and China [Chinese irregulars–Communist China conflict; Nationalist China relations with Japan, Korea, Philippines, Laos, Vietnam, and Malaya; Miao P’ei-chi; Thomas Liao.] 0031 690.94 Political Relations between the Far East and Japan International Political Relations; Bilateral Treaties—U.S.–Far East 0034 611.90 Political Relations between U.S. and Far East 0034 January 1960 [Authoritarian versus democratic governments; military roles in less developed countries; impact of U.S. aid to Korea.] 0046 February 1960 [U.S. policy toward Buddhist organizations; Japan technical assistance to Asian countries; Japan Technical Cooperation Corp.] 0065 March 1960 [Chester Bowles; U.S. policy toward Communist China.] 0084 April 1960 [Singapore Buddhism.] 0091 May 1960 0096 June 1960 [Japan Buddhism; Soka Gakkai; Pakistan views on neutralist policies.] 29 Frame File Subject 0148 July 1960 [Ceylon-U.S. relations; USSR “partial responsibility” for Communist China actions; H. Arthur Steiner; Christian A. Herter; Livingston T. Merchant; C. Douglas Dillon; Andrew H. Bording; Robert Murphy; Nikita S. Khrushchev; Mao Tse-tung; Outer Mongolia Buddhism.] 0172 August 1960 [Pakistan-Afghanistan relations; U.S.-Afghanistan relations; USSR aid to Afghanistan; U.S. aid programs; U.S. policy toward Buddhist organizations; Buddhism in Nationalist China; U.S. civil aviation aid.] 0203 September 1960 [Korea Buddhism.] 0213 November 1960 [Critiques of U.S. policy; Edmund Forsythe; Dennis Bloodworth.] 0222 December 1960 [James Saxon Childers; State Department “American Specialists” program; Indonesia Buddhism; Dervishes; John F. Kennedy administration policy shift; U.S. disengagement from Southeast Asia; Philippines concern.] 0236 February 1961 0239 March 1961 [Robert Walterschied.] 0247 April 1961 [Gilbert Stuart; Chinese guerrilla warfare practices.] 0270 May 1961 [Shri Y. K. Puri.] 0275 June 1961 [Commonwealth position on U.S. Asia policy.] 0295 July 1961 [U.S. South Asia policy; India; Pakistan; Ceylon; Nepal; Afghanistan; neutralism; Douglas MacArthur’s views on U.S. Asia policy; U.S. plan to counter Communist penetration of Indochina; historical animosities among Indochinese peoples; French colonial legacy; Indochinese peoples’ distrust of Communist China; deterrence of North Vietnam aggression against South Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand; U.S. contingency planning; military, psychological, and diplomatic strategies; U.S. military assistance; neutralism acceptability to Communists; launching of offensive against North Vietnam from South Vietnam; Walt W. Rostow on “doctrine of deterrence” for Southeast Asia.] 30 Frame File Subject 0387 August 1961 [Task Force Southeast Asia; W. Averell Harriman; U.S. contingency planning; deterrence of North Vietnam aggression against Indochina; U.S. military assistance.] 0404 September 1961 0409 October 1961 0410 November 1961 [U.S.-Thailand relations; U.S. South Asia policies.] 0424 December 1961 0426 January 1962 [India-Pakistan relations; U.S. South Asia policies.] 0435 February 1962 [U.S. Laos policy.] 0451 March 1962 [U.S. South Asia policies; India; Pakistan; Iran; Afghanistan; U.S. military assistance; Afghanistan-Pakistan relations; India-Pakistan dispute over Kashmir; U.S.-Pakistan relations; U.S.-Iran relations; U.S.-India relations; USSR–South Asia relations; Communist China– South Asia relations; international aid to South Asia; Ayub Khan; Peshawar, Pakistan, U.S. military base.] 0524 April 1962 [Pacific Community proposal.] 0536 May 1962 0546 June 1962 [U.S. Task Force Southeast Asia; Communist aggression; U.S. Southeast Asia Trade Center Woodworking Exhibit.] 0576 July 1962 [U.S. Southeast Asia policy; Chester Bowles mission; Cambodia on U.S. policy; Japan–Republic of Korea relations; U.S. civilian personnel in Far East.] 0605 August 1962 [Regionalism and regional organizations; ASA; Asian Productivity Organization; DAC; Japan role in regionalism; Pacific Community proposal; Task Force Southeast Asia; U.S. Pakistan policy.] 0636 September 1962 [APACL; U.S. naval contingency planning; Communism in Indonesia.] 31 Frame File Subject 0660 October 1962 [U.S.-Japan talks on Asia policy.] 0664 January 1963 [Counterinsurgency aid by U.S.] 0667 611.902 Political Relations between U.S. and Far East—War; Hostilities 0668 611.907 Political Relations between U.S. and Far East—Military and Defense Agreements [SEATO Status of Forces Agreement.] 32 SUBJECT INDEX The following index is a guide to the major topics in this microform publication. The first number after an entry refers to the reel, while the four-digit number following the colon refers to the frame number at which the subject begins. Hence 5: 0795 directs the researcher to Frame 0795 of Reel 5. By referring to the Reel Index, which constitutes the initial segment of this guide, the researcher will find topics listed in the order in which they appear on the film. Accounting and auditing 5: 0795 Afghanistan Pakistan-Iran confederation 1: 0752 Pakistan relations 7: 0172, 0451 U.S. relations 7: 0172, 0295, 0451 USSR aid 7: 0172 Africa APACL participation 1: 0063 labor conference 5: 0120, 0248, 0260, 0264 Afro-Asian Jurists Communist influence 2: 0736 conference 2: 0736 Afro-Asian Rural Reconstruction Conference 4: 0688, 0699 Afro-Asian Students Federation 5: 0765 Afro-Asian Writers’ Conference 5: 0661; 6: 0320 Agriculture field crops 5: 0381–0393 Oceania 2: 0453 South Pacific Commission 2: 0269, 0319 Ahmadzai Wazirs 1: 0034 Aircraft and aerospace industry 6: 0431 Alien workers 3: 0521 American Broadcasting Co. 6: 0330 American Newspapers Study Missions 6: 0330 American Press Institute 6: 0330 American Samoa U.S. aid 2: 0225 American Specialists program 7: 0222 Animal husbandry 5: 0394–0395 ANZUS see Security Treaty between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States of America APACL see Asian Peoples Anti-Communist League APACL Freedom Center 1: 0644, 0779 Armed services special warfare 1: 0420 see also International military forces see also Military personnel Arms trade India, U.S. sales 3: 0425 ASA see Association of Southeast Asia ASAS see Association of Southeast Asian States 33 Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee 2: 0736, 0782 Asian Broadcasters’ Conference 6: 0294, 0324 Asian Conference on World Peace Through Law 2: 0736, 0782 Asian Economic Community 4: 0536 Asian Games Asian views 6: 0052 and China-India relations 6: 0168 ethnic Chinese athletes 6: 0052 exclusion of teams 6: 0052 facilities 5: 0812, 0861; 6: 0008 general 5: 0821; 6: 0034, 0047 and Indonesia-India relations 6: 0168, 0190 Israel participation 5: 0812; 6: 0001, 0052 Nationalist China participation 5: 0861; 6: 0001–0052 Asian Peoples Anti-Communist League (APACL) African representation 1: 0063 conferences 1: 0052, 0063, 0347, 0644, 0707–0752, 0811, 0855; 6: 0208 Korean participation 1: 0063, 0108 Ryukyu participation 1: 0034 Asian Postal Union 6: 0284 Asian Press Conference 1: 0624; 6: 0322, 0324 Asian Productivity Association 4: 0522, 0568; 5: 0002 Asian Productivity Organization 7: 0605 Asian Students Conference 5: 0779, 0790 Asian Trade Fair 5: 0340, 0374 Asian Transport Workers’ Conference 5: 0138, 0204 Asia Working Group 1: 0311 Association of Southeast Asia (ASA) 1: 0097, 0347, 0459; 4: 0610; 7: 0605 Association of Southeast Asian Institutions of Higher Learning 5: 0799 Association of Southeast Asian States (ASAS) establishment 1: 0222 Atmospheric sciences 6: 0688 Australia aid 1: 0779 ANZUS 1: 0921; 2: 0872, 0888, 0925; 3: 0030–0141, 0265 Asian Productivity Association 4: 0568 Colombo Plan aid 4: 0526 common market participation 4: 0581 cooperative defense R&D 3: 0047 defense role 2: 0918; 3: 0141, 0315 on SEATO 3: 0315 UK military relations 2: 0896 U.S. defense aid 2: 0896 on U.S. policies 3: 0104 U.S. talks on Asia 1: 0707 U.S. trade 3: 0141, 0265 Vietnam involvement 3: 0265 Australian Geological Survey 6: 0552 Aviation see Aircraft and aerospace industry see Civil aviation see Military aviation Bandung Conference 4: 0556; 6: 0197 Battle Act 3: 0491 Bernstein, Meyer 5: 0121 Biological sciences 6: 0730 Bloodworth, Dennis 7: 0213 Bording, Andrew H. 7: 0148 Borneo Malaysia Confederation 1: 0596 Bowles, Chester 1: 0287; 7: 0065, 0576 Boyan, R. H. 2: 0591 Boy Scouts 6: 0223 34 British Commonwealth see Commonwealth of Nations Brohm, John F. 3: 0001 Brundage, Avery 6: 0052 Brunei Malaysia Confederation 1: 0618 Buddhism Indonesia 7: 0222 Japan 7: 0096 Korea 7: 0203 Nationalist China 7: 0172 Outer Mongolia 7: 0148 Singapore 7: 0084 U.S. policy 7: 0046, 0172 Burma and ASAS 1: 0222 Colombo Plan membership 4: 0613 tribal groups 1: 0821 Business education Oceania 2: 0453 Business formations U.S. firms 4: 0715 Cambodia Mekong River dam 6: 0508 neutrality 1: 0001, 0124 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 on U.S. policy 7: 0576 Cameroon Union Party 1: 0063 Canada antisubmarine warfare 3: 0673 Canals 7: 0016 Capital investment 4: 0715 Census data use 5: 0559 Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) air defense exercise 3: 0659–0718 Ceylon UK views 4: 0536 U.S. policy 7: 0295 U.S. relations 7: 0148 Chang, Tsai 1: 0034 Charitable institutions 6: 0276 Chiang Kai-shek 1: 0116, 0311, 0420; 2: 0924 Childers, James Saxon 7: 0222 Child health and welfare schools’ role 5: 0693 UNICEF aid 5: 0693 China see Communist China see Nationalist China China Trade Act 4: 0715 Cholera 6: 0232 Chronologies SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Chu, Kuang 1: 0921 Civil aviation U.S. aid 7: 0172 Civil-military relations Indonesian army 1: 0578 military medical aid 3: 0353, 0374, 0387; 6: 0275 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Clough, Ralph 5: 0562 Coast Guard, U.S. Mekong River patrols 6: 0555 Colombo Plan 4: 0526, 0578, 0586, 0589, 0613 Colonialism French legacy 7: 0295 world colonial system 2: 0338 Comanduras, Peter D. 6: 0224, 0232 Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin 4: 0620; 6: 0434–0636 Common markets and free trade areas 4: 0581 Commonwealth of Nations unified command 2: 0896; 3: 0047 Communications 6: 0277–0422 Communism and Afro-Asian Jurists 2: 0736 anti-Communist organization 2: 0924, 0939, 0973, 0978, 0989 35 Communism cont. Asian expansionism 1: 0001, 0124, 0132, 0347, 0420, 0459, 0549, 0596, 0609, 0644, 0725, 0779, 0811–0855; 3: 0265; 7: 0295, 0546 and Asian Games 6: 0197 China aggression 1: 0063, 0132, 0287, 0311, 0420, 0836 China contingency planning 1: 0287 counterinsurgency tactics 1: 0347 dockworkers, influence on 5: 0210 Indonesia 7: 0636 power balance 3: 0141 regional anti-Communism 1: 0644 Thailand activity 1: 0644 U.S. plan 7: 0295 see also Asian Peoples Anti-Communist League Communist China aggressive intentions 1: 0097, 0132, 0287, 0311, 0420, 0836 economic failure 4: 0593 guerrilla warfare 7: 0247 Hong Kong refugees 1: 0519 India views 1: 0624 Indochinese distrust 7: 0295 Japan view 3: 0647; 7: 0031 Kwangtung claim 1: 0921 Laos-Vietnam activity 3: 0641 Mekong River project 6: 0636 refugees 5: 0562 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 South Asia relations 7: 0451 UN admission 1: 0132, 0420 U.S. contingency planning 1: 0287 U.S. policy 1: 0311; 7: 0065 warfare concept 1: 0001 Community development Thailand 5: 0445 Conference of Lawyers on the Americas 2: 0736 Construction industry 4: 0698 Contingency planning general 3: 0001, 0030 Rostow, Walt W., views 1: 0459 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 U.S. 1: 0311; 7: 0295, 0387, 0636 Coulter, John W. 2: 0319 Counterinsurgency tactics 1: 0347 U.S. view 7: 0664 Credit unions Jesuits conference 5: 0664 Cuba sanctions 3: 0387, 0531 Cultural activities see International cooperation in cultural activities DAC see Development Assistance Committee Dams Mekong River 6: 0480–0541 Declaration on Neutrality of Laos SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Defense Development Exchange Program 3: 0141, 0387 Defense research Australia-U.S. 3: 0104 Japan-U.S. 3: 0030, 0141 Nationalist China 3: 0141 Dervishes 7: 0222 Development Assistance Committee (DAC) 4: 0646, 0679; 7: 0605 Development Loan Fund 3: 0464, 0491 Diem, Ngo Dinh press conference 1: 0001 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 TAIPING participation 2: 0939 Dillon, C. Douglas 7: 0148 Diplomatic and consular service military communications 2: 0896 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 U.S. contingency planning 7: 0295 Dodd, Thomas F. 1: 0347 Dominy, Floyd E. 6: 0541 Dooley, Thomas A. 6: 0232 Earth sciences 6: 0716–0724 36 Eastern Smelting Co. 5: 0399 Eastman Kodak Corp. 6: 0027 Economic Committee for Asia and the Far East 4: 0620 Economic development general 5: 0559 Mekong River Project 6: 0525 Oceania 2: 0453 Economic policy Communist China 4: 0597 Education 2: 0046; 5: 0445, 0684 see also Educational facilities see also Elementary and secondary education see also Higher education see also Legal education see also Students see also Teachers see also Vocational education and training Educational facilities 5: 0693 Elections Vietnam 1: 0287 Elementary and secondary education 5: 0798 Ely, Northcutt 5: 0397 Employment Afro-Asian conference 5: 0121, 0248, 0260, 0264 labor organization 5: 0002 see also Labor-management relations see also Labor unions and organizations see also Work conditions Environmental sciences see International cooperation in environmental sciences Ethnic and minority groups Ahmadzai Wazirs 1: 0034 Burma and Thailand 1: 0821 Hawaiian Samoans 2: 0225 Indonesian Chinese athletes 6: 0052 Iraq Kurds 3: 0315 Pakistan tribal relations 1: 0034 tribes 7: 0001 Europe U.S.-Europe interdependence 1: 0725 Evans, Luther H. 5: 0562 Exercise Prairie Wolf naval shipping control 4: 0431 Far East Freight Conference 6: 0675 Far East Refugee Program 1: 0519 Federal Republic of Germany see Germany, Federal Republic of Field exercises Flying Brothers 2: 0890; 3: 0655 joint 3: 0647; 4: 0431 SEATO 3: 0655; 4: 0001 U.S. 1: 0222 Filmways, Inc. 6: 0330 Fish and fishing industry 5: 0396 Flying Brothers 2: 0890; 3: 0655 Food and food industry 4: 0706 Ford Foundation 5: 0559; 6: 0467, 0525 Foreign investment Nationalist China 4: 0715 U.S. 4: 0715 Foreign trade 3: 0141, 0265; 4: 0715; 5: 0001 see also Tariffs and foreign trade controls Forsyth, William D. 2: 0591, 0663 Forsythe, Edmund 7: 0213 France labor-management relations 5: 0059 on Laos crisis 1: 0132 South Pacific Commission 2: 0361, 0663 Freedom of the press 1: 0624 Freight 3: 0506, 0511; 6: 0432, 0675 Frontier Corps Ahmadzai Wazirs 1: 0034 37 Fulbright, J. William 3: 0597, 0604 Gant, George 6: 0467 Garcia, Carlos P. 1: 0222, 0347 Geneva Convention SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Germany, Federal Republic of (West Germany) Mekong River project 6: 0626 Gerstenfeld, Norman 5: 0664 Giap, Vo Hguyen 4: 0001 Girl Scouts 6: 0223 Golf 5: 0821, 0857 Government and business U.S. exporters aid 4: 0715 Gradus, Ben 6: 0330 Guam 2: 0663 Guerrero, Manuel 2: 0453 Guerrilla warfare Chinese irregulars 7: 0017 country capabilities 1: 0420 paramilitary units 2: 0939 Pathet Lao 2: 0872, 0888 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Viet Cong strength 1: 0549 Vietnam elections disruption 1: 0287 Hardy, David 6: 0330 Harriman, W. Averell 1: 0549, 0725; 3: 0047, 0315; 7: 0387 Harza Engineering Co. 6: 0466, 0591 Hawaii treatment of ethnic Samoans 2: 0225 Hayes, Robert C. 2: 0169 Herter, Christian A. 7: 0148 High Commission Territories 1: 0902 Higher education 5: 0799 Highways, streets, and roads Asian project 5: 0407 Laos-Vietnam 5: 0407 History Indochinese animosities 7: 0295 Ho Chi Minh 4: 0001 Hogan, Walter 5: 0664 Hoh, Gunson 6: 0027, 0034, 0052 Holland, William 1: 0132 Hong Kong China refugees 1: 0519 refugee resettlement 5: 0562 House Foreign Affairs Committee 3: 0531 Howell, Ernest 4: 0620 Hydrology Mekong River 4: 0620; 6: 0434–0636 ICC see International Control Commission India arms sales 3: 0425 Asian “rimland” 3: 0104 and Communist China 1: 0624 foreign relations 1: 0844 Harriman, W. Averell, talks 1: 0725 Indonesia relations 6: 0168, 0190 Japan relations 3: 0425 Johnson, Lyndon B., assessment 2: 0896 Kashmir dispute 1: 0624, 0921; 7: 0451 Kennedy, Jacqueline, visit 5: 0440 Nepal relations 3: 0315 Pakistan relations 1: 0752; 7: 0014, 0426 refugee resettlement 5: 0562 Southeast Asia relations 1: 0311, 0347; 3: 0387 UK views 4: 0536 U.S. policy 7: 0295, 0451 U.S. relations 7: 0451 Indian Ocean 6: 0720 38 Indonesia anti-Indian incidents 6: 0168, 0190 army civil works 1: 0578 Asian Games 4: 0615; 5: 0812, 0821, 0861; 6: 0001–0052 badminton stars 5: 0821 Buddhism 7: 0222 Communism 7: 0636 India relations 6: 0168 Japan aid role 4: 0617 political conditions 1: 0844 regional threat 3: 0440 U.S. talks 3: 0597 and Western New Guinea 2: 0190; 3: 0104, 0265 Indonesian Peace Committee 4: 0556 Insurgency Laos 1: 0549; 2: 0872, 0888; 3: 0001 Vietnam, Republic of 1: 0549; 7: 0546 Intelligence activities 3: 0641–0645 Interdepartmental Committee on Nutrition for National Defense 4: 0706 International Amateur Athletic Federation 6: 0190, 0197 International assistance American Specialists 7: 0222 Australia aid 1: 0779 Colombo Plan 4: 0589 Cuba sanctions 3: 0374 general 4: 0646 Indonesia 3: 0597 Japan 4: 0688 Korea 7: 0034 Laos 4: 0556 private aid agencies 1: 0311 refugees 5: 0562 South Asia 7: 0451 UK 4: 0556 U.S. 3: 0448, 0464, 0597; 4: 0715; 7: 0034, 0172 International Confederation of Free Trade Unions 1: 0836; 5: 0121 International Control Commission Laos 1: 0821 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 International cooperation in cultural activities 1: 0116 International cooperation in environmental sciences Mekong River 6: 0434–0626 Rhinoceros Beetle Project 2: 0421 International Federation of Petroleum Workers 5: 0235 International Labor Organization 5: 0002 International military cooperation anti-Communist policies 1: 0644 antisubmarine warfare 3: 0673 Thailand-U.S. 2: 0939 International military forces CENTO exercise 3: 0659–0718 Flying Brothers exercise 2: 0890; 3: 0655 joint exercises 3: 0647; 4: 0431 SEATO 3: 0670; 4: 0001; 7: 0667 see also International military cooperation International organizations see Association of Southeast Asia see Association of Southeast Asian States see International Confederation of Free Trade Unions see International Labor Organization see Pacific Community see World Bank see World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Professions see World Federation of Trade Unions see World Health Organization International sanctions Cuba 3: 0374, 0387, 0531 Indonesia 6: 0197 see also Tariffs and foreign trade controls International Transport Workers Federation 5: 0243 Iran India-Pakistan confederation 1: 0752 U.S. relations 7: 0451 39 Iraq Kurdish nationalism 3: 0315 Israel Asian Games participation 5: 0812; 6: 0001, 0052 labor-management relations 5: 0059 Italy labor-management relations 5: 0059 Japan anti-Communist strategies 1: 0855 Buddhism 7: 0096 on Communist China 3: 0645; 7: 0031 cooperative defense R&D 3: 0025, 0030, 0141 economic aid 4: 0688 economic organization 4: 0599 Flying Brothers 2: 0890; 3: 0659 India relations 3: 0425 Indonesia aid 4: 0617 Korea, Republic of, relations 7: 0576 Mekong River dam 6: 0480, 0532, 0541 Nationalist China relations 7: 0017 newspapers 6: 0420 North America freight 6: 0434 nuclear test observers 3: 0141 on power balance 3: 0141 regional role 1: 0779; 3: 0104; 7: 0605 security 1: 0752 technical assistance 7: 0046 U.S. relations 1: 0063; 3: 0425; 4: 0599; 7: 0660 on USSR rocket tests 1: 0001 see also Ryukyu Islands see also Tokyo, Japan Japanese-American Citizens League 1: 0779 Japan Technical Cooperation Corp. 7: 0046 Johnson, Lyndon B. Asia trip 2: 0896 Chiang Kai-shek meeting 1: 0311 on India security role 1: 0311, 0347 Pakistan views 1: 0347 Johnson, U. Alexis 1: 0779 Joint Working Party on Economic and Cultural Cooperation Among Southeast Asian Countries 5: 0434 Journalism 6: 0330 Kaiser Engineers, Federal Inc. Nationalist China investment 4: 0715 Kashmir India-Pakistan dispute 1: 0624, 0921; 7: 0451 Kennedy, Jacqueline 5: 0440 Kennedy, John F. 1: 0725; 2: 0782; 7: 0222 Khan, Ayub 1: 0752; 7: 0451 Khoman, Thanat 3: 0440; 7: 0001 Khrushchev, Nikita S. 7: 0148 Korea, Republic of (South Korea) APACL participation 1: 0063, 0108 Buddhism 7: 0213 Japan relations 7: 0576 Nationalist China relations 7: 0017 newspapers 6: 0421 nuclear test observers 3: 0141 social programs 5: 0442, 0445 U.S. relations 2: 0699; 7: 0034 see also Seoul, Korea KSL Aviation and Trading Co. 6: 0423 Labin, Suzanne 1: 0347 Labor and employment overdue reports 5: 0002 Labor-management relations general 5: 0059 Standard-Vacuum Co. 5: 0235, 0239 Swedish organizers 5: 0246 Labor unions and organizations International Confederation of Free Trade Unions 1: 0836; 5: 0121 International Federation of Petroleum Workers 5: 0235 International Labor Organization 5: 0002 International Transport Workers Federation 5: 0243 Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference 5: 0130, 0132–0210 World Federation of Trade Unions 5: 0265 40 MacArthur, Douglas 7: 0295 MacGregor, Clark 1: 0644 Malaysia Asian Broadcasters’ Conference 6: 0294, 0330 Garcia, Carlos P., visit 1: 0222 Indonesia threat 3: 0440 Nationalist China relations 7: 0017 Philippines relations 1: 0222 political unrest 3: 0434 see also Malaysia Confederation Malaysia Confederation Brunei 1: 0618 establishment 1: 0420–0624, 0855 Philippines 1: 0752 proposal 1: 0347 Singapore and 1: 0347, 0420, 0459, 0519 Sukarno, Achmed, opposition 3: 0434, 0440 Manila, Philippines 1: 0132, 0222 Manufacturing 5: 0428–0431 Mao Tse-tung 7: 0148 Meads, Morton F. Spratly Islands claim 1: 0902 Medical assistance remote areas military aid 3: 0353, 0374, 0387; 6: 0232 Medical International Cooperation Organization 6: 0224, 0232 Medicine 6: 0731 Mekong River development 6: 0434–0636 Thailand Communist infiltration 6: 0553 Viet Cong infiltration 6: 0555 see also Lower Mekong River Project Mekong River Patrol 6: 0553 Merchant, Livingston T. 7: 0148 Merchant seamen 6: 0683 Lam, Rosa 6: 0423 Language use and ability English teaching 5: 0684, 0693 Laos cease-fire violations 4: 0431 Chinese military activity 3: 0641 insurgency 2: 0872, 0888; 3: 0001 International Control Commission 1: 0811 military situation 1: 0549 Nationalist China relations 7: 0017 neutrality 1: 0124 political conditions 1: 0001, 0132, 0779 SEATO 1: 0132; 2: 0872; 3: 0408, 0659 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 UK aid 4: 0568 U.S. policy 1: 0644; 7: 0435 USSR-U.S. discussions 1: 0549 Law of the sea and nuclear testing 2: 0782 Le Duan SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Lee Kuan Yew 1: 0459, 0519, 0644 Legal education 5: 0799 Legislation Battle Act 3: 0491 China Trade Act 4: 0715 Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act 3: 0491 Mutual Security and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 3: 0531, 0597 Liao, Thomas 7: 0017 Liao Wen-yi 1: 0519 Library of Congress 5: 0129 Livestock and livestock industry 5: 0394–0395 Local government Thailand village administrators 5: 0445 Lower Mekong River Project 6: 0434–0626 MAAG see Military Assistance Advisory Group Macapagal, Diosdado Pangan 1: 0624 41 Meteorology 6: 0717 Miao P’ei-chi 7: 0017 Military Air Transport Service 4: 0431 Military assistance Australia 2: 0896 cargo shipment 3: 0506 MAAG duty tours 3: 0464 MAAG finances 3: 0315 U.S. 2: 0896, 0939; 3: 0047, 0353, 0408, 0521; 7: 0295, 0387, 0451 Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG) duty tours 3: 0448 finances 3: 0315 management 3: 0531 operations 2: 0939 Military Assistance Program (MAP) funding increase 3: 0511 general 3: 0499 MAAG management 3: 0531 Military aviation airlift 4: 0431 Military bases, posts, and reservations Peshawar, Pakistan 7: 0451 SEATO Singapore bases 1: 0459, 0519, 0549 Military communications 2: 0896 Military organization and functions commonwealth 2: 0896; 3: 0047 developing countries 7: 0034 Military personnel remote areas medical aid 3: 0353, 0374, 0387; 6: 0276 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 U.S. force requirements 3: 0408 see also International military forces Military strategy Asian “rimland” 3: 0104 deterrence doctrine 7: 0295 SIGMA war game 3: 0047; 4: 0001 U.S. contingency planning 7: 0295 Military training exercises see Field exercises Military weapons U.S. demonstration 3: 0673–0741 Missiles and rockets 1: 0001; 4: 0431 Moluccas Islands unrest 4: 0431 Motion pictures U.S. films 5: 0809 Mountbatten, Louis 2: 0896; 3: 0047 Murphy, Robert 1: 0752, 0779; 7: 0148 Muslim League 5: 0664 Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act 3: 0491 Mutual Security and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 3: 0531, 0597 Mutual security plans mismanagement 3: 0464 Nationalist China–U.S. 1: 0519 U.S. program operations 3: 0448–0640 Nationalist China Asian Games participation 4: 0615; 5: 0861; 6: 0001 Buddhism 7: 0172 cholera 6: 0232 and Communist aggression 1: 0609 nuclear test observers 3: 0265 R&D 3: 0141 regional relations 7: 0017 sovereignty 2: 0236 technical assistance 4: 0686 U.S. policy 1: 0132, 0311, 0519 women’s conference 6: 0208 Naval strategy SIGMA war game 4: 0001 U.S. contingency planning 7: 0636 Navy U.S. Seventh Fleet 4: 0431 Nepal on Asian security 3: 0425 India relations 3: 0315 refugee resettlement 5: 0562 U.S. policy 7: 0295 Netherlands South Pacific Commission 2: 0361, 0622 U.S. talks 1: 0836 and Western New Guinea 2: 0190; 3: 0104, 0265 42 South Pacific Commission 1: 0707; 2: 0202 sovereignty 2: 0236 tourism development 5: 0270 see also American Samoa see also Australia see also Moluccas Islands see also New Zealand see also Pacific Ocean see also Papua New Guinea see also Western Samoa Officials Asian labor ministers 5: 0002 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 U.S. commercial officers 4: 0715 Organization for Asian Economic Cooperation 4: 0599 Osborne, Arthur S. 2: 0001 Otto of Hapsburg on East Asia 1: 0836 Outer Mongolia Buddhism 7: 0148 Pacific Area Travel Association 5: 0270 Pacific-Asian Dockworkers’ Conference 5: 0130, 0132–0210 Pacific Community 1: 0578; 3: 0141; 7: 0524, 0605 Pacific islands see Oceania Pacific Islands Study Group 2: 0622, 0663 Pacific Ocean nuclear tests 3: 0104, 0141 Pacific Science Congress 2: 0107 Pakistan Afghanistan relations 1: 0752; 7: 0172, 0451 CENTO exercise 3: 0659, 0667 foreign relations 1: 0844 India relations 1: 0752; 7: 0016, 0426 Iran relations 1: 0752 Johnson, Lyndon B. 1: 0347; 2: 0918 Kashmir dispute 1: 0624, 0921; 7: 0451 Kennedy, Jacqueline, visit 5: 0442 on neutralism 7: 0096 SEATO withdrawal 3: 0315 Netherlands New Guinea UN transfer 2: 0622 Neutrality acceptability to Communists 7: 0295 Cambodia 1: 0001, 0124 general 1: 0132, 0811; 7: 0295 Laos 1: 0124 Pakistan views 7: 0096 New Delhi, India 1: 0287 New Guinea see Papua New Guinea Newspapers 6: 0420–0422 New Zealand ANZUS 1: 0921; 2: 0872, 0888, 0925; 3: 0030–0141, 0265 Asian Productivity Association 4: 0568 SEATO 2: 0999 South Pacific Commission 2: 0252, 0269 tourism views 5: 0270 U.S. talks 2: 0421 on Western Samoa 2: 0202 Nonprofit organizations and foundations U.S. funding 1: 0311 Noorbergen, Rene 6: 0416 North America Japan freight 6: 0434 North Atlantic Council 1: 0222 Nuclear power plants and reactors safeguards monitoring 5: 0333 U.S. exhibit 5: 0340 Nuclear testing and test sites NATO observers 3: 0104 ocean testing 2: 0782 Pacific observers 3: 0141 Nuclear weapons limited conflicts 1: 0001 Nutrition and malnutrition Saigon symposium 4: 0715 UNICEF aid 5: 0764 Oceania economic development 2: 0453 general 1: 0921; 2: 0001–0699 independence of territories 1: 0052 New Zealand–U.S. talks 2: 0453 Pacific Community 1: 0578; 3: 0141 43 Malaysia 3: 0434 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Postal services Asian Postal Union 6: 0284 Postal Telegraph and Telephone International 5: 0254 Project HOPE 6: 0232 Project Hubcap 4: 0431 Propaganda 1: 0347 Psychological warfare Communist propaganda 1: 0347 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Public health 2: 0269, 0319; 6: 0275 Public works Indonesian army 1: 0578 Pure Mind Association 1: 0855 Puri, Y. K. 7: 0270 R&D see Research and development Radio frequencies use 6: 0294 Radioactive materials safeguards monitoring 5: 0333 Refugees 1: 0311, 0519; 5: 0562 Religion 5: 0664 see also Buddhism Renova, Ann 3: 0464 Research and development (R&D) 3: 0025, 0030, 0047, 0141 Rhinoceros Beetle Project 2: 0001, 0421, 0453, 0663 Rice U.S. trade 5: 0381 Rivers and waterways Lower Mekong River Project 6: 0434– 0626 Mekong River 6: 0434–0636 Rostow, Walt W. 1: 0459; 7: 0295 Pakistan cont. social programs 5: 0442 tribal relations 1: 0034 UK views 4: 0536 U.S. relations 1: 0644; 7: 0295, 0451, 0605 World Bank operations 4: 0574 see also Peshawar, Pakistan Pakistan Agricultural Development Corp. 5: 0376 Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation 5: 0329 Papua New Guinea 2: 0695 see also Western New Guinea Patents 5: 0269 Pathet Lao SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Peace Corps equipment donations 4: 0652 general 4: 0684 Malaya projects 4: 0620 Singapore conference 4: 0652 UN projects 4: 0620 Pensions and pension funds 5: 0267 Peshawar, Pakistan U.S. base 7: 0451 Petroleum and petroleum industry 5: 0401 Philippines Indonesia threat 3: 0440 Malaysia Confederation 1: 0752 Malaysia relations 1: 0280 Nationalist China relations 7: 0017 newspapers 6: 0422 International Labor Organization 5: 0002 remote areas medical aid 3: 0387 U.S. relations 1: 0707; 3: 0464; 7: 0222 see also Manila, Philippines Police 3: 0020; 6: 0231 Political conditions authoritarian versus democratic 7: 0034 general 2: 0734 Indonesia 1: 0855 Laos 1: 0001, 0132, 0779 44 Rudlin, Walter A. 6: 0467 Rural areas reconstruction 4: 0698, 0706 women’s development role 5: 0559 Rusk, Dean 3: 0104, 0141 Ryerson, Knowles A. 2: 0074, 0107, 0129, 0180, 0361 Ryukyu Islands APACL participation 1: 0034 independence 1: 0034 Saigon, South Vietnam nutrition symposium 4: 0706 Sary, Sam 3: 0464 Science and technology 6: 0686–0731 Scientific education 6: 0701 Scientists and technicians Peace Corps 4: 0620 SEAFET see Southeast Asia Friendship and Economic Treaty SEALION exercise 3: 0673, 0719 SEATO see Southeast Asia Treaty Organization Security Treaty between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States of America (ANZUS) meeting 1: 0921; 2: 0872, 0888, 0925; 3: 0030–0141, 0265 Seismology 6: 0724 Seoul, Korea APACL conference 1: 0644 SHAHBAZ V exercise 3: 0659–0718 Shaplen, Bob 6: 0330 Shen Chang-huan 1: 0609 Ships and shipping 6: 0681, 0702 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 Sihanouk, Norodom 1: 0001 Singapore Buddhism 7: 0084 Malaysia Confederation 1: 0347, 0420, 0459, 0519 Peace Corps Conference 4: 0652 SEATO bases 1: 0459, 0519, 0549 Society of Jesus credit unions 5: 0664 Soka Gakkai sect 7: 0096 Sopiee, Enche Mohamed 1: 0116 South Asia Communist China relations 7: 0451 international aid 7: 0451 U.S. policies 7: 0295, 0410, 0426 USSR relations 7: 0451 Southeast Asia see Brunei see Burma see Cambodia see Indonesia see Laos see Malaysia see Philippines see Southeast Asia Treaty Organization see Thailand see Vietnam, Democratic Republic of see Vietnam, Republic of Southeast Asia Friendship and Economic Treaty (SEAFET) 1: 0001, 0028, 0031 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games 5: 0815; 6: 0045 Southeast Asia Telecommunications System 6: 0277, 0286 Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) contingency planning 2: 0896; 3: 0001– 0030 countersubversion 3: 0315 forces status 7: 0667 general 1: 0779 Graduate School of Engineering 5: 0807 joint exercises 3: 0647, 0745 Laos role 1: 0132; 3: 0408, 0659 meeting 2: 0872, 0888 naval exercise 3: 0670, 0719 Philippines views 2: 0939 45 Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) cont. Preparatory Commission on University Problems 3: 0020 relation to TAIPING 2: 0925 Singapore bases 1: 0459–0549 technical assistance 5: 0445 Thailand 3: 0044, 0047; 5: 0445 voting 3: 0047 South Pacific Commission establishing agreements 2: 0453 former territories admission 2: 0398– 0453, 0699 Forsyth, William D. 2: 0591, 0663 general 1: 0707–0921; 2: 0001–0180; 3: 0315–0353 islanders’ views 2: 0225 member contributions 2: 0622 personnel problems 2: 0202 project areas 2: 0269, 0338–0361 reorganization 2: 0252–0699 technical assistance 2: 0147, 0269, 0319 U.S. delegation 2: 0107 U.S. travel 2: 0225 Western Samoa membership 2: 0159– 0699 World Health Organization relations 2: 0046, 0068 South Pacific Conference 2: 0074, 0092, 0421, 0453, 0591 South Pacific Regional Council 2: 0699 South Pacific Research Council 2: 0001, 0190 Souvanna, Phouma 1: 0779 Sovereignty Nationalist China 2: 0236 Pacific islands 2: 0236 Soviet Union see USSR Space programs 5: 0661; 6: 0702 Spain labor-management relations 5: 0059 Special education 5: 0805 Special warfare country capabilities 1: 0420 Sports and athletics Asian Games 5: 0812 badminton tournament 5: 0815 U.S. Indonesian coaches 6: 0052 Spratly Islands 1: 0902, 0921 Sproat, James K. 6: 0423 Standard-Vacuum Co. 5: 0235, 0239, 0431 State Department forms and paperwork overdue reports 4: 0513; 5: 0002 Steiner, H. Arthur 7: 0148 Strategic materials export controls 3: 0499 Stuart, Gilbert 7: 0247 Students 5: 0765, 0790 see also Education Subandrio 6: 0052 Submarines antisubmarine warfare 3: 0673 Sugar industry and products 5: 0393 Sukarno, Achmed 2: 0999; 3: 0265, 0434, 0440; 6: 0052 Sweden labor organizers 5: 0248 Symposium on Economic and Social Problems of the Far East 5: 0435 Synthetic fibers and fabrics 5: 0430 TAIPING 2: 0925, 0939, 0978, 0989, 0999 Tariffs and foreign trade controls strategic materials 3: 0491 see also International sanctions Task Force Southeast Asia 1: 0779, 0811; 3: 0315, 0374, 0408; 7: 0387, 0546, 0605 Taxation 6: 0677 Teachers 5: 0693, 0790 see also Education 46 Pacific project 5: 0265 see also Travel restrictions Travel restrictions Tibet and Mongolia 5: 0270 Vietnam 6: 0461 Treaties and conventions Canal Waters Treaty 7: 0016 see also Central Treaty Organization see also Mutual security plans see also Security Treaty between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States of America see also Southeast Asia Friendship and Economic Treaty see also Southeast Asia Treaty Organization Trust Territory of Pacific Islands, U.S. 2: 0663 Tungku Abdul Rahman 1: 0097, 0116, 0347–0624, 0855 UK see United Kingdom U Kyaw Nyein 1: 0459, 0519 Umesao, Tadao 4: 0688 U Myint Thein 2: 0782 UNESCO technical assistance 6: 0696 UNICEF 5: 0693 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics see USSR United Kingdom (UK) Australia military relations 2: 0896 labor-management relations 5: 0059 on Laos crisis 1: 0132 and Malaysia Confederation 1: 0420– 0459, 0578–0596 on South Asia 4: 0536 on Southeast Asia 1: 0222 on U.S. policy 7: 0275 United Nations (UN) Communist China admission 1: 0132, 0420 Office of Independent Territories 2: 0338 Pacific territories independence 1: 0052 peace charter 3: 0353 Technical assistance Japan 7: 0046 Nationalist China aid 4: 0686 South Pacific Commission 2: 0147, 0269, 0319 Thailand 5: 0445 UNESCO 6: 0696 Telecommunications Thailand 6: 0277, 0286 Teller, Ludwig labor-management relations 5: 0059 Territories of the U.S. see Guam see Trust Territory of Pacific Islands, U.S. Textile industry and fabrics 5: 0428 Thailand audiovisual education 5: 0445 Communist activity 1: 0420, 0644; 6: 0555 community development 5: 0445 Indonesia threat 3: 0440 on Pakistan-SEATO 3: 0315 paramilitary units 2: 0939 remote areas medical aid 3: 0374 SEATO 3: 0044; 5: 0445 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 telecommunications 6: 0277, 0286 tribal groups 1: 0821 U.S. relations 1: 0779; 2: 0939; 3: 0353, 0408; 7: 0410 village administrators 5: 0445 Thammavit, Wibun 1: 0644 Thanarat, Sarit 3: 0408 Thanat, Khoman 1: 0836 Tibet refugees 5: 0562 Tin and tin industry 5: 0399 Tokyo, Japan APACL conference 1: 0811, 0855 Toyota Motor Co. 3: 0511 Travel and tourism Americans’ impressions 5: 0270 New Zealand views 5: 0270 47 United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization see UNESCO United Nations Children’s Fund see UNICEF U.S. Southeast Asia Trade Center 5: 0340; 7: 0546 USSR Afghanistan aid 7: 0172 China responsibility 7: 0148 Mekong River dam 6: 0508 on other Communists 1: 0855 Pacific rocket tests 1: 0001 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 South Asia relations 7: 0451 U.S. talks on Laos 1: 0549 Vietnam policies 1: 0811 Viet Cong Mekong River infiltration 6: 0555 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 strength 1: 0549 and Vietnam elections 1: 0287 Vietnam, Democratic Republic of (North Vietnam) aggression deterrence 7: 0295, 0387 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 South Vietnam offensive 7: 0295 Vietnam, Republic of (South Vietnam) anti-Communist organization 2: 0939 ASA, views on 1: 0459 and ASAS establishment 1: 0280 Australian involvement 3: 0265 Chinese military activity 3: 0645 elections and Viet Cong 1: 0287 military situation 1: 0549 Nationalist China relations 7: 0017 paramilitary units 2: 0939 SIGMA war game 4: 0001 travel restrictions 6: 0461 USSR policies 1: 0811 see Saigon, South Vietnam Violence Western New Guinea tribes 2: 0190 Vocational education and training 5: 0807 Walterschied, Robert 7: 0239 Warner, Denis 3: 0104 Wars and military conflicts Communist Chinese concept 1: 0001 Kashmir dispute 1: 0624, 0921; 7: 0451 limited conflicts 1: 0001; 3: 0464 North Vietnam deterrence 7: 0295, 0387 Wars and military operations South Vietnam offensive 7: 0295 Western New Guinea Indonesia-Netherlands conflict 2: 0190; 3: 0104, 0265 legislative council 2: 0180 see also Netherlands New Guinea Western Samoa South Pacific Commission 2: 0169– 0453, 0622, 0699 Wilson, Richard 4: 0556 Women 2: 0453; 5: 0556 Womsimor, Herman 2: 0190 Work conditions 5: 0210 World Bank Pakistan operations 4: 0574 World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Professions 5: 0693 World Federation of Trade Unions 5: 0265 World Health Organization 2: 0046, 0068 Zanzibar spacecraft tracking station 5: 0661 48 Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files, Internal Affairs and Foreign Affairs Asian Studies China The Far East Formosa Hong Kong India Indochina Indonesia Japan Laos The Philippine Republic Vietnam European Studies Federal Republic of Germany France Germany Great Britain Italy Spain Latin American Studies Argentina Cuba El Salvador Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama Middle Eastern Studies Arab Confederation and Other Issues Egypt and United Arab Republic Iran Iraq Jordan Lebanon Palestine: United Nations Activities Palestine-Israel The Persian Gulf States and Yemen Saudi Arabia Syria Slavic Studies Poland The Soviet Union Sub-Saharan African Studies British Africa Congo Ghana South Africa UPA Collections from LexisNexis™ www.lexisnexis.com/academic
© Copyright 2026 Paperzz