1
VIII A
H
PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF
www.saasta.ac.za
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1
IIA
2
III A
lithium 3
6.94
2
Li
ALKALI METALS
Be
ALKALI EARTH METALS
H
OTHER METALS
3
Mg
Na
Sodium 11
22.99
Magnesium 12
24.31
RARE EARTH METALS
At room temperature the element is:
■ Gas
■ Liquid
■ Natural solid
■ Man-made solid [synthetic]
III B
K
3
4
5
6
Barium 56
137.33
Radium 88
(226)
7
VIII
Mn Fe
Manganese 25
54.94
8
Iron 26
55.85
VIII
9
VIII
10
IB
Zirconium 40
91.22
Nb
Molybdenum 42
95.94
Co
Cu
Hf
Tantalum 73
180.95
Rf
Rutherfordium 104
(261)
Ru Rh
Re
W
Rhenium 75
186.21
Dubnium 105
(262)
Sg
Seaborgium 106
(266)
Rhodium 45
102.91
Osmium 76
190.23
Bohrium 107
(264)
Cd
Cadmium 48
112.41
Ir
P
Mt
Ds
Meitnerium 109
(268)
Darmstadtium 110
(271)
Chlorine 17
35.45
Ge As
Bromine 35
79.90
Te
Tin 50
118.71
Sb
La
Lanthanum 57
138.91
Hg
Gold 79
196.97
I
Iodine 53
126.90
Tellurium 52
127.60
Xe
Xenon 54
131.29
Mercury 80
200.59
Tl
Thallium 81
204.38
Pb
Po
Lead 82
207.20
Bi
Rn
Polonium 84
(209)
Rg
Roentgenium 111
(272)
Radon 86
(222)
At
Bismuth 83
208.98
Astatine 85
(210)
Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
Ununbium 112
(285)
Ununtrium 113
(284)
Ununquadium 114
(289)
Ununpentium 115
(288)
Ununhexium 116
(292)
Ununseptium 117
(Not yet observed)
Ununoctium 118
(294)
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Cerium 58
140.12
Praseodymium 59 Neodymium 60 Promethium 61 Samarium 62
144.24
(145)
150.36
140.90
Ac Th Pa
Actinium 89
227.02
Krypton 36
83.80
Br
Arsenic 33
74.92
In Sn
Indium 49
114.82
Kr
Selenium 34
78.96
?
For elements with no stable isotopes, the mass number of the isotope with the longest half-life is in parentheses.
Cl
Antimony 51
121.76
Pt
Hs
Argon 18
39.95
Se
Platinum 78
195.08
Hassium 108
(277)
Ar
Phosphorus 15
30.97
Germanium 32
72.61
Zinc 30
65.39
Ne
Neon 10
20.18
Sulphur 16
32.06
Palladium 46
106.42
Au
Iridium 77
192.22
Bh
Pd
Os
Tungsten 74
183.85
Db
Zn
Ag
Silver 47
107.87
F
Fluorine 9
19.00
S
Silicon 14
28.09
Gallium 31
69.72
Helium 2
4.00
17
Nitrogen 7
14.01
12
Copper 29
63.55
Technetium 43
(98)
Ruthenium 44
101.07
Ta
Lanthanide
Series
II B
VII A
Oxygen 8
16.00
Ga
Nickel 28
58.69
Cobalt 27
58.93
Niobium 41
92.91
11
Ni
Mo Tc
Zr
Actinide
Series
VII B
Cr
Hafnium 72
178.49
Ra
6
Chromium 24
52.00
Yttrium 39
88.91
Caesium 55
132.91
VI B
Vanadium 23
50.94
Sr Y
Strontium 38
Ba
Francium 87
(223)
5
16
O
Carbon 6
12.01
Aluminium 13
26.98
V
Ti
87.62
Fr
VB
Titanium 22
47.88
Calcium 20
40.08
Cs
4
VI A
N
Al
Atomic
mass
Scandium 21
44.96
Ca
Rubidium 37
85.47
Atomic
number
Sc
Potassium 19
39.10
Rb
IV B
Element
name
15
Si
This remarkable man, the youngest in a family of 17 children, has left the scientific
community with a classification system so powerful that it became the cornerstone
in chemistry teaching and the prediction of new elements ever since. In 1955,
element 101 was named after him: Md, Mendelevium.
Symbol
VA
Boron 5
10.81
table and even predicted their atomic masses and other chemical properties. Six years
later, gallium was discovered and his predictions were found to be accurate. Other discoveries followed and their chemical behaviour matched that predicted by Mendeleyev.
NOBLE GASSES
14
B
1.01 gallium, germanium and scandium were unknown. Mendeleyev left spaces for them in his
HALOGENS
IV A
C
The crowning achievement of Mendeleyev’s periodic table lay in his prophecy of then, undiscovered elements. In 1869, the year he published his periodic classification, the elements
Hydrogen 1
OTHER NONMETALS
13
D M I T R I M E N D E L E Y E V (1834 – 1907)
The Russian chemist, Dmitri Mendeleyev, was the first to observe that if elements were listed in
order of atomic mass, they showed regular (periodical) repeating properties. He formulated his
discovery in a periodic table of elements, now regarded as the backbone of modern chemistry.
TRANSITION METALS
Beryllium 4
9.01
7
He
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Hydrogen 1
1.01
18
Thorium 90
232.03
Protactinium 91
231.03
U
Uranium 92
238.02
Europium 63
151.96
Gadolinium 64
157.25
Terbium 65
158.92
Dysprosium 66
162.50
Holmium 67
164.93
Erbium 68
167.26
Thulium 69
168.93
Ytterbium 70
173.04
Lutetium 71
174.96
Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Neptunium 93
(237)
Plutonium 94
(244)
Americium 95
(243)
Curium 96
(247)
Berkelium 97
(247)
Californium 98
(251)
Einsteinium 99
(254)
Fermium 100
(257)
Mendelevium 101
(258)
Nobelium 102
(259)
Lawrencium 103
(260)
Design and production: Loretta Steyn Graphic Design Studio - Pretoria Illustrations: Dr. Jack Updated: July 2009
IA