BaltSeaPlan Report 6
National and regional strategies with relevance for
Russian maritime space
Authors: Marina R. Kononenko1, Konstantin E. Podgayskiy1, Valery M. Zaitsev2, Valery N.
Chernobayev3, Irina M. Markovets3, Eduard V. Podgayskiy4
1
2
3
4
Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Russian Federation
RF Ministry of Natural Resourses, Russian Federation
BaltTechMorDirectsiya, Russian Federation
Centre for Transboundary Cooperation, Russian Federation
Project part-financed by the European Union
(European Regional Development Fund)
IMPRINT
Authors
Marina R. Kononenko and Konstantin E. Podgayskiy
Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Russian Federation
Valery M. Zaitsev
RF Ministry of Natural Resourses, Russian Federation
Valery N. Chernobayev and Irina M. Markovets
BaltTechMorDirectsiya, Russian Federation
Eduard V. Podgayskiy
Centre for Transboundary Cooperation
Contractor
Baltic Environmental Forum, Latvia
Lead Partner
Dr. Nico Nolte
Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH)
Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 78, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
Tel. +49 (40) 3190-3520
Fax.+49 (40) 3190-5000
[email protected]
www.bsh.de
External Project Coordination Office
Angela Schultz-Zehden
s.Pro – sustainable projects GmbH
Rheinstraße 34, 12161 Berlin, Germany
Tel. +49 (30) 8321417-43
Fax.+49 (30) 8321417-50
[email protected]
www.sustainable-projects.eu
St Petersburg – March, 2011
www.baltseaplan.eu
This report has been produced with the assistance of the European
Union. Its content is the sole responsibility of the Authors and can in
no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.
Cover photos: Joanna Przedrzymirska, The Maritime Institute in
Gdansk; Karsten Dahl, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University
(formerly National Environmental Research Institute – NERI);
Siemens press photo
CONTENT
CONTENT 1.
Introduction ..................................................................................................................2
2.
Maritime Doctrine of the Russian Federation ................................................................4
2.1.
Functional component of the RF National Maritime Strategy .....................................................................4
2.2.
Regional management of the Baltic Sea in the national maritime policy. ..................................................4
3.
Long-­‐term Action Program of the RF Ministry of Natural Resources Russia in relation to exploration and use of natural resources and environmental protection provision .......6
4.
Transport Strategy of Russia till 2030.............................................................................7
5.
Intelligent Transportation System of Russia (ITS) ...........................................................8
6.
Development strategy for transport-­‐logistic complex of St.Petersburg ........................10
7.
HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan....................................................................................11
8.
Federal Targeted Programme "World Ocean"..............................................................12
9.
Federal Targeted Programme of Kaliningrad region development ...............................14
10.
The Russian Federation Strategy of Tourism Development till 2015.............................16
11.
The Federal Targeted Programme “Improving the effectiveness of utilization and development of resource potential of the fishery complex in 2009-­‐2013” ..................17
12.
The Russian Federation Strategy on Energy .................................................................18
13.
Federal Targeted Programme “National programme of the Baltic sea ecosystem rehabilitation measures” .............................................................................................19
14.
The Concept of development for the most prospective areas (avant ports) of Greater Port of Saint-­‐Petersburg ..............................................................................................20
15.
Strategy for aquaculture development in the Russian Federation until 2020 ...............21
16.
The concept of long-­‐term socio-­‐economic development of the Russian Federation until 2020............................................................................................................................22
17.
The strategy of geological industry development until 2030 ........................................23
18.
ANNEXES .....................................................................................................................24
18.1
Annex 1: Figures on St. Petersburg port .................................................................................................... 24
18.2
Annex 2 -­‐ Brief d escription of large-­‐scale construction in the Gulf of Finland ....................................... 24
18.3
Annex 3 – Compatibility a ssessment of national policies......................................................................... 26
www.baltseaplan.eu 1 1. Introduction
1. Introduction
The shores of Russia are washed by 12 seas belonging to the basins of three o ceans: Atlantic basin (Baltic, Black Sea, and Azov Sea), Arctic basin (Barents, White, Kara, Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi), Pacific basin (Bering, Okhotsk, Japan) and undrained Caspian Sea. The length of t he maritime borders of Russia is 38 807.5 km. The 2
total area of the marine area that falls under the jurisdiction of Russia is 7 million km . In many policy documents and f ederal legislation the Baltic Sea is not shown as a separate body, which makes it difficult to analyze the impact of such instruments and their target indicators on maritime spatial planning in the Baltic Sea. The Water Code (Article 8) establishes that a ll water bodies are in the o wnership of the Russian Federation (federal p roperty), except for ponds and watered excavation pits within the boundaries of land o wned by the RF entities, municipalities, natural p ersons or legal entities. In addition, the seas a re subject to the f ederal government control and supervision in what concerns their use and p rotection. According to criteria approved by the Government Decree N 640 as of November 4, 2006, t he following bodies are subject to federal control: >
Surface water bodies washing the t erritories of t wo o r more constituents of the Russian Federation; >
Internal sea waters; >
Territorial sea of the Russian Federation; >
Cross-­‐border water bodies, etc. Besides, the RF Government Decree N 285 of 31 March 2009 "On the list of objects to b e under the federal state environmental control" lists the objects located on the continental shelf of the Russian Federation and (or) within the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation. Thus, a ll decisions regarding the use of the Baltic Sea are generally taken by federal authorities. If marine users involve territories (i.e. shore rather than sea p roper) of a particular municipality, they must hold public hearings with residents of the municipality in case expansion, reconstruction, or licensing is p lanned (e.g. on the right to handle hazardous waste). However, due to the lack of d emocratic traditions in Russia h earings a re formal in nature. Assignment of water facilities for use is provided under water use a greement. The basic law governing the system of territorial planning in Russia is the Urban Planning Code (http://www.gradkod.ru, as amended f rom December 22, 2004), which regulates all matters of p lanning, rules of settlements construction, use of the t erritory and social, engineering, transport infrastructure d evelopment. Urban Development Code d efines the competence of state authorities in the country, the rights and responsibilities of individuals and entities with regard to construction. Territorial p lanning documents are divided into: 1. territorial planning documents of the Russian F ederation; 2. territorial planning documents of constituents of the Russian F ederation; 3. territorial planning documents of municipalities. Article 10 of the Urban Planning Code lists schemes of water bodies’ use and protection among the territorial planning documents of the Russian Federation. The schemes of complex use and protection of water bodies are d eveloped by the Federal Agency for Water Resources in a ccordance with the RF Government Decree of 30 December 2006 № 883 "On the d evelopment, approval, implementation and revision procedure of the integrated water bodies use and p rotection schemes". The schemes establish water quality indicators for water bodies, conditions of their intended u se, a list of protective m easures, water resource balances, limits of water intake from a water body and limits of sewage release. However, these schemes are b eing worked out mainly for the river basins. Thus, marine p lanning so far has not become a system process for the state. The main strategic documents that d etermine National Maritime Policy of the Russian Federation currently a re: 2 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
1. Introduction
>
The Russian Federation Maritime Doctrine for the period t ill 2020; >
Sectoral policies, i.e. development strategies and concepts o f certain maritime a ctivities, such as shipbuilding industry, transportation, fishery, etc >
Federal target p rogrammes (and their concepts) that are o riented towards the u se of “management by objectives” principle for the purpose of d evelopment and improvement of marine activities integrated management system While the Maritime Doctrine has determined since 2001 the overall direction of maritime a ctivities development to make sure they a re in line with the national interests of Russia, the situation at the moment is characterised by adoption of the n ew document, the Concept of long-­‐term social and economic development of the Russian Federation till 2020, which sets broader context for the country’s development (adopted by RF Government 17 Nov 2008). That’s why currently consideration is given to the drafted Strategy of maritime activities d evelopment t ill 2020 and b eyond, which is aimed to specify the Marine Doctrine statements and determine the m eans of a chieving the goals set by National Maritime Policy as formulated in the Marine Doctrine.
www.baltseaplan.eu 3 2. Maritime Doctrine of the Russian Federation
2. Maritime Doctrine of the Russian Federation
(approved by the RF Government on 21.07.2001)
It is the fundamental document that d efines the state policy of Russia by m eeting the short-­‐term and long-­‐term objectives harmonized both functionally and regionally 2.1. Functional component of t he RF National Maritime Strategy The most important functional objectives are: A. development and conservation of m ineral and energy resources of the World o cean and seas; B. Consolidation of efforts in infrastructure development of the Russian fleet, including the d evelopment of research fleet, integrated marine research in the interests of the RF and the enforcement of international obligations to protect the marine environment, coastal and marine zones monitoring systems d evelopment; C. Scientific effort improvement, including technologies for electricity generation from tidal effects, coastal and shallow water winds, wind waves, thermal and stream energy and seaweed b iomass heat capacity; D. Activation of Russia’s participation in international organizations’ activities and international legal regulation of functional activities of the Marine fleet. DIRECT IMPACT STRONG IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT В
D
WEAK IMPACT А,С
2.2. Regional management of the Baltic Sea in the national m aritime policy. The basis of National Maritime policy in this respect includes solutions of long-­‐term and short-­‐term tasks for the Baltic Sea, f irst of all in the sphere of international law. Main objectives: A. Facilitation to stable economic co-­‐operation in the Baltic Sea region; B. Efficient joint usage of marine natural resources, achieving comprehensive level of mutual understanding in a ll areas of marine a ctivities; C. Resolving issues related to the maritime proper and continental shelf delimitation between Russia and neighboring countries; D. Ensuring the economic and military security of the Kaliningrad region; E.
Development of maritime transportation; F.
Creating conditions to ensure the interests of Russia in the Baltic region, also by using capacities of the region to establish and use its marine potential. DIRECT IMPACT STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT C, E, F
А, В,D
Brief Impact: The document contains basic p rinciples for the development of marine resources and in relation to marine spaces. It defines the goals of national maritime policy, d escribes the functional areas of the marine use, and defines p erformance criteria for the National Marine Policy. 4 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
2. Maritime Doctrine of the Russian Federation
Consequences for MSP: The document gives a good s tart for more concrete initiatives both at the federal and regional levels. Nevertheless, the emphasis is more on sectoral strategies, rather than spatial planning. Thus, conflicts are possible b etween various s ectoral strategies when spatially applied. Source in Russian: http://www.scrf.gov.ru/documents/34.html www.baltseaplan.eu 5 3. Long-term Action Program of the RF Ministry of Natural Resources in relation to exploration and
use of natural resources and environmental protection provision
3. Long-term Action Program of the RF Ministry of Natural
Resources Russia in relation to exploration and use of natural
resources and environmental protection provision
(approved by order of the Ministry № 599 as of 21.08.2001)
The p rogram was d eveloped for the National Marine policy realization, a s d escribed in Marine Doctrine 2020, and adopted pursuant to the Marine doctrine. A. The program provides for replenishment of special vessels f or environmental purposes, building of ice-­‐
class vessels for maritime traffic, specialized vessels for fishing and research. To finance the construction and upgrading of research and specialized environmental fleet New t echnical tools and advanced t echnologies development B. Monitoring over natural resources state and usage in the seas and on the continental shelf. C. Maintenance and further development of global information systems in support for marine activity of Russia. D. Joint efforts with other countries to study and d evelop p lans for the Baltic Sea rehabilitation. E.
Study of the geological structure and determination of the resource potential of the RF continental shelf. Drafting of the third generation State geological map (scaled 1:1000000) of the RF continental shelf. Quantitative geological and economic reassessment of predicted resources of hydrocarbon raw materials. F.
To establish and maintain an inventory of objects, potentially dangerous for the environment. To control the sources of marine pollution and coastal areas. G. To work out an inventory of environmentally protected coastal areas, resort areas and to apply them to the cartographic basis. DIRECT IMPACT STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT C, E, F
А, В,D
Brief Impact: This document p rovides incentives for the d evelopment of maritime a ctivities by increasing the knowledge of the shelf areas, creating the n ecessary infrastructure, as well as the resources available through n ew technological means. Consequences for MSP: Greater exploration status of mineral d eposits means extra incentives for mining companies. Geological maps will intensify the m ining a ctivities; consequently, space reservation for these purposes will take p lace in the Baltics. Created inventories of potentially dangerous objects and p rotected natural a reas will impose restrictions for new marine resource users, a s well as allow for more effective control over the a ctivities at sea. Source in Russian: http://www.mnr.gov.ru/files/part/5258_programma.pdf 6 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
4. Transport Strategy of Russian till 2030
4. Transport Strategy of Russia till 2030
(approved by Governmental decree as of 22.11.08)
One of its main objectives is increased security, ecological safety and m itigating the adverse environmental effect from water t ransport. A) The strategy marks a number of major infrastructure projects. For the Baltic Sea area, the following projects a re m entioned: >
ferry lines to be developed on the Baltic Sea for secure communication with the Kaliningrad region and to develop cooperation with the EU; >
the Baltic Pipeline System to reach full capacity to significantly increase export opportunities for Russia to supply o il cargo on the world market; >
the port complex at Ust-­‐Luga to reach the d esigned capacity (provision of sustainable rail and ferry services with the Kaliningrad region, shifting cargo handling from the Baltic ports to Russian ports) >
Design of the North European Gas Pipeline (Nord Stream); >
Completion of ring road a round St. Petersburg (including reclaimed t erritories) B) Improvements in financing and investment, fiscal policy, to attract private funding for the transport sector (public-­‐private partnership). C) Development of the transport market, improvement of antimonopoly regulation, regulation of tariffs of natural monopolies (aimed at increasing the attractiveness of the Russian ports for freight o wners) D) The development of the supporting transport network (coordinated with the priorities of the Energy Strategy of Russia until 2020 and the forecasted balance of energy resources). STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT DIRECT IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT A
В,С
D
Brief Impact: This document promotes an accelerated pace of sea transport infrastructure development, especially in the Baltic Sea coast by means of the projects, prioritized by the state. Consequences for MSP: >
creation of new concept of infrastructure corridors, including fairways; >
water a rea expansion for offshore complexes and anchorage a reas d evelopment; >
crossing the exclusive economic zones and/or t erritorial waters of other countries for the pipeline construction; >
establishing a security zone a round the pipeline and its infrastructure; >
expected increase in the Baltic Sea traffic and the associated increase in the potential risk of oil spills. www.baltseaplan.eu 7
5. Intelligent Transportation System of Russia (ITS)
5. Intelligent Transportation System of Russia (ITS)
It is considered as the main means of effective response to global challenges in the a ge of communication society and innovation-­‐based economy. It forms a vision of user services, system d evelopment philosophy, setting goals and p lans for promotion of ITS systems in Russia. An important task is cooperation with the national ITS communities and international institutions. This structure can b ecome the leader in the formation of transport systems intellect, integration of creative potential and a ccumulation of cooperation experience b etween transport m eans. Background As a basis for the establishment of ITS in Russia several federal p rograms are considered: >
Federal Targeted Program "Improving the safety of traffic in 2008-­‐2012" >
Federal Targeted Program "Global Navigation System" >
The above-­‐mentioned transport strategy of Russia till 2030 and the Maritime Doctrine of the Russian Federation. ITS of Russia is in the process of d evelopment. Several m inistries a re involved in the programme development. At present, the sequence and stages of regional navigation a nd information systems d eployment is determined, and in the future the ITS will b e d eployed at the f ederal, regional and municipal levels. First order priorities are being identified, in particular: the introduction of ITS in the major cities, ports; using ITS component in f ederal transportation structures, the d evelopment of international t ransportation corridors in accordance with the ITS standards a ccepted in Europe. Objectives The goal is to a chieve a comprehensive solution for ITS d eployment m eeting the societal n eeds for high quality and competitive public t ransport and other services p rovision while minimizing the environmental load. Tasks (both short and long term) A. The concept and a national program of ITS deployment in Russia. B.
Standardization of ITS. C.
Formation of a modern legal framework of the transportation system. D. Cooperation on integration of Russian ITS into international ITS system. E. Commercial d evelopment of ITS services. STRONG IMPACT DIRECT IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT A, B, D, E
WEAK IMPACT Impact in brief: Reaching these goals will h elp to consolidate the state control over the Russian-­‐flag vessels, port state control, as well as the monitoring over natural resources state and u sage. Consequences for MSP: The potential for implementation of this policy is large enough given the interest of the country's leadership to issues related to development of information systems. Marine t ransportation systems’ safety would be increased together with overall increase in marine t raffic. 8 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
5. Intelligent Transportation System of Russia (ITS)
ITS d eployment will facilitate establishment of the Motorways of the Sea (MoS) for the whole Baltic area and create n ew information bases for MSP. On the other hand, identification of sensitive areas where intelligent transport corridors are most n eeded cannot b e a chieved without developed MSP. www.baltseaplan.eu 9 6. Development strategy for transport-logistic complex St. Petersburg
6. Development strategy for transport-logistic complex of
St.Petersburg
One of its main objectives is to ensure that interests of transport-­‐logistic complex of St. Petersburg a re taken into account when implementing international and interregional links of St Petersburg, its t winning cities program realization, and a lso during p roject d evelopment a nd setting up of cooperation a greements with Russian and international partners. From the point of view o f encouraging the TLC d evelopment, the major interest represents cooperation with: Germany (twin city of Hamburg), Netherlands (twin city of Rotterdam), Belgium (twin city of Antwerp), Finland, China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and subjects of the Russian Federation – North-­‐West, Centre, Volga, Ural, Siberian federal regions. Implementation of the above p riority tasks will have d irect influence on the usage of the Baltic Sea area. This influence is both d irect, with the creation of legal and administrative conditions, and indirect, related to changing p riorities and values of a ll decision-­‐making. The implementation m echanisms a re quite sufficient to achieve the priority goals, the main issue is to use them comprehensively and in full (Objective A ) To assess current and planned use of the Baltic Sea a rea the data from Annex 1 can be used where target indicators for turnover of h igh-­‐tech goods in the Greater Port of St. Petersburg are given together with its transportation accessibility indicators. Traffic and cargo are expected to increase. (Objective B) Annex 2 provides information regarding the state and development of port infrastructure in the Gulf of Finland. (Objective C). DIRECT IMPACT STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT A, B, C
Impact in brief: The strategy identifies priorities for the spatial usage of the Baltic Sea (the Gulf of Finland) in the coastal zone of Russia, thus supporting the work on the general policy of spatial development of the Baltic Sea. Consequences for MSP: Increased cargo traffic in the Baltics, relevant infrastructure development Source in Russian: http://gov.spb.ru:3000/noframe/law?d&nd=8453966&nh=0 10 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
7. HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan
7. HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan
In accordance with the instructions of the Government of Russia national program is currently being drafted named "National Program of measures for rehabilitation of Baltic Sea ecosystem", which would form an integral part of the HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan. The project addresses the conceptual and concrete suggestions for the concept and content of the national program. It substantiates the compliance of the problem being addressed and the objectives of the national target program on the Baltic Sea with the priorities of socio-­‐economic development of Russia. Proposals are being developed for the aims and objectives of the program, its target indices and indicators that would allow assessment of the program's progress in implementing the objectives from year to year based on different scenaria in accordance with the requirements and with due regard to the timing and implementation phases. Assessment of expected efficiency and effectiveness of proposed solutions is being done, as well as of benefits and risks arising from various scenaria. Characterization and outlook are given for the current problematic situation in the given field. Strategic goal of the HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan is maritime activities in the Baltic Sea carried out in an environmentally friendly way. To achieve the strategic goal, six objectives were agreed upon and adopted by HELCOM, defining the objects of special importance in the field of maritime activities. To ensure their implementation in Russian national action plan for the Baltic Sea a list of activities is elaborated which are related to each objective. In order to minimize the impact of transport and its infrastructure on the marine environment and coastal areas the development of legislation, including the coastal and marine spatial planning is envisaged. DIRECT IMPACT STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT +
Impact in brief: The A ction Plan will lead to profound changes in methods of environmental management in the Baltic Sea region. In a cross-­‐sectoral context, specific a ctions are identified that a re n eeded to achieve the coordinated time-­‐bound objectives within the main environmental p riorities: combating eutrophication, control over hazardous substances, maritime safety and response to maritime incidents, as well a s m itigating habitat destruction and the continuing d ecline of biological d iversity Consequences for MSP: The document will determine the need for further reductions in pollution loads, as well a s p rovide a f ramework for various k inds of human a ctivities at sea. One of possible consequences could be the extension of p rotected a reas at sea, leading to restrictions on the use of waters for other purposes Source in Russian: http://www.helcom.ru/pdbm/russian www.baltseaplan.eu 11
8. Federal Targeted Programme “World Ocean”
8. Federal Targeted Programme "World Ocean"
FTP "World Ocean" has b een approved by the RF Government in 1998 and operates until 2012. Coordinator of the program is the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. In d eveloping the p rogram and its sub-­‐programs the following m inistries and organizations have b een involved: the RF Ministry of Defense, the RF Ministry of Economic Development, the RF Ministry of Industry and Trade, the RF Ministry of Health and Social Development, the RF Federal Service for H ydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, the RF Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision, the RF Federal A gency for Fisheries, the RF Federal Space A gency, the RF Federal A gency for Maritime and River Transport, the RF Federal Communications Agency, the RF Federal Agency for Science and Innovations, the Russian Academy of Sciences. Currently phase III of the program is b eing implemented. Financial target for the III phase of the Program (2008-­‐2012) is 6,132.616 m illion rubles, with 4,739.546 m illion rubles provided by the f ederal budget and 1,393.07 m illion rubles coming f rom extra-­‐budgetary sources. Objectives The goal of the Program is to p rovide an integrated solution for exploration, d evelopment and efficient u se of resources and a reas of the World ocean in the interest of economic development, the country's security and protection of its maritime boundaries. Tasks (with the exception of those inapplicable to the Baltic Sea): A. construction and commissioning of pilot regional centers and integrated coastal observation posts in the framework of state unified system of surface and subsurface surveillance; B.
formulation of proposals to improve the Unified system of information on the World Ocean state; C.
increase the availability of the Unified system of information on the World Ocean state for coastal economic a gents of the Russian Federation; D. elaboration of measures in integrated coastal zone management (through policies and programs of integrated socio-­‐economic development of coastal regions, programs of coastal municipalities development), marine resources and spatial management; E.
formulation of proposals to improve the efficiency of crosscutting inter-­‐agency projects aimed at integrating the stakeholders' approaches in the development of maritime activities of the Russian Federation STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT DIRECT IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT A, D
B, C,
E
Target indicators (overarching, with the exception of those inapplicable to the Baltic Sea): >
the number of pilot regional centers and integrated coastal observation posts built (reconstructed and modernized) and commissioned in the framework of state u nified system of surface and subsurface surveillance -­‐ 11 (of which 3 to b e established in the Baltic Sea basin); >
to increase the number of parameters characterizing the state of the o cean included in the Unified system of information on the World Ocean state up to 225 p arameters; >
increase the share of coastal regions (subjects of the Russian Federation), where public authorities use the Unified system of information on the World Ocean state up to 50 percent f rom the total number of coastal regions; >
achieve an increase of average daily recourses for the Unified system of information on the World Ocean state f rom a ll categories of u sers up to 1500 p er day; >
number of elaborated guidance documents -­‐ 68; >
number of patents obtained in the result of intellectual activities -­‐ 45; >
number of crosscutting inter-­‐agency projects implemented -­‐ 4 to 5 per y ear 12 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
8. Federal Targeted Programme “World Ocean”
Brief Impact: Implementation of the Program should p romote the d evelopment of scientific base, monitoring system and information exchange to improve the utilization of marine resources in the Baltic Sea. The studies conducted will form the basis for developing strategies and policies for further use, study and conservation of the Baltic Sea resources. Implications for the MSP: The results of the program, such as >
feasibility study of the Baltic Sea Oceanological monitoring system (regular ship surveys, setting oceanographic buoys, remote sensing data reception), which includes regulations for information exchange and establishment of scientific and technical products; >
real-­‐time d iagnosis and prognosis of hydrophysical characteristics of the Baltic Sea based on three-­‐
dimensional models with a lead time up to natural synoptic variability, and spatial resolution in the Russian sector of the sea of no more than 2 km horizontally and 1 m v ertically; >
the system of scientifically grounded assessments of natural and anthropogenic impacts on marine ecosystems and information database of indicators (hydrophysical and hydrochemical parameters, environmental pollution, hydrobiology, economic indicators), electronic maps and atlases of marine environment and biota, Geographic Information System modules "Big marine ecosystems of Russian seas"; >
assessment of the status and t rends of abiotic factors and b iological communities in ecosystems of coastal and offshore a reas of the Baltic Sea; >
calculated characteristics of production and commercial potential of water areas, recommendations for optimizing the use of b iological resources and p ermissible volume of their intake; >
Strategic Environmental A ssessment for the most vulnerable a reas of the Baltic Sea, scenarios and projections of ecosystem dynamics under the influence of climate change and economic a ctivities development offshore and in the coastal zones; ranking of t he water a reas studied according to criteria of environmental safety, identification of water a reas in critical condition; >
technologies to deal with oil spills in vulnerable parts of the coast and in the a reas of o il and gas production in the Barents and Baltic Seas using m icrobial sorbents and marine biota; >
project proposals and spatial planning schemes with justification of the system of protected coastal areas and waters of the Baltic Sea, recreation areas and historical and cultural h eritage; recommendations for long-­‐term p lanning and economic d evelopment of coastal zones and the organization of maritime a ctivities would enhance the effectiveness and scientific grounding of decisions taken regarding the MSP. The p lanned construction (renovation and upgrading) of 2 regional centers of the state unified system of surface and subsurface surveillance (in St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad), as well as reconstruction and modernization of integrated observation post in Leningrad Region, Cape Shepelevskij, will improve navigation safety and efficiency of environmental monitoring in the t erritorial waters of Russia. Source in Russian: http://www.ocean-­‐fcp.ru/ www.baltseaplan.eu 13 9. Federal Targeted Programme of Kaliningrad region development
9. Federal Targeted Programme of Kaliningrad region development
Approved by the government in 2001 for 2001-­‐2010, in 2008 the FTP was p rolonged till 2014, and further prolonged t ill 2015 in May 2010. The Programme was d eveloped by the RF Ministry of Regional Development in coordination with the Government of Kaliningrad region, and commissioned by a number of m inistries and institutions such a s the RF Ministry of Sports, Tourism and Youth Policy, RF Ministry of Energy, RF Ministry of Culture, RF Ministry of Public H ealth and Social Development, RF Federal Highway A gency, Federal Real Estate Cadastre A gency, Federal Agency of Communications, Federal A rchive Agency and Federal A gency on Education. Overall budget of the Programme is 436,5 bln rubles with 56,8 bln coming from the federal budget, 12,4 b ln from consolidated Kaliningrad region budget and 367,3 bln rubles from non-­‐budgetary sources. 5,3 b ln rubles have been a llocated by f ederal budget for 2009 (later d ecreased to 2,8 bln), with p lanned increase in state funding in 2010 (8,6 b ln rubles) and 2011 (11,9 bln rubles) Goals: The goal of the Program is to facilitate sustainable social and economic d evelopment in Kaliningrad region, to achieve the quality of life that is comparable to the one in n eighbouring countries, and to form favourable investment climate in the region for better cohesion of the Russian Federation and EU Member states. Tasks: A. Insuring geostrategic interests of the Russian Federation in t he Baltic region; B.
Environmental improvement by m eeting environmental standards C.
Development of energy, transport and communication infrastructure in the region D. Development of recreational, tourist and hospitality infrastructure, with due regard to environmental improvement in the region E.
Development of modern housing and public utilities infrastructure F.
Building and reconstruction of public health, sports and culture facilities, including conservation of cultural heritage STRONG IMPACT DIRECT IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT B, D
C
A,E,F
WEAK IMPACT Target indicators: These determined in macroeconomic terms: specific f igures are given for gross regional product (20% d ecrease in 2010 version), taxation, salaries and benefits, p er capita income, reduction of mortality, housing provision increase, etc. 33 investment p rojects are p lanned for realization in 2008-­‐2015, including construction of municipal solid waste landfills, reconstruction of heating and water supplies, sewage t reatment plant, bank stabilization works, building of melioration network, capacity addition of Minsk-­‐Vilnius-­‐Kaunas-­‐Kaliningrad gas p ipeline, construction of high-­‐pressure pipelines, construction of variety theatre and sea shore museum in Svetlogorsk, puppet theatre in Kaliningrad, concert hall in Zelenogradsk, organization of international camping site “Baltic Artek” n ear Primorye settlement, reconstruction of WWII cemeteries. Brief Impact: Despite the p lans to take into a ccount environmental considerations, the Programme will create a number of business opportunities leading to increased load on ecosystems of the Baltic Sea basin. Implications for MSP: >
Local tourism d evelopment plans and increased activities in coastal areas would require a llocating suitable space in MSP. 14 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
9. Federal Targeted Programme of Kaliningrad region development
>
Development of the leisure shipping, new yachting routes a nd marinas. >
Increased public a wareness of the coastal issues due to p lanned opening of sea shore museum in 2012. Source in Russian: http://www.gov39.ru/zip/fcp_razvitiya_ko2014.pdf www.baltseaplan.eu 15 10. The Russian Federation Strategy of Tourism Development till 2015
10. The Russian Federation Strategy of Tourism Development till
2015
The Tourism Development Strategy for the Russian Federation till 2015 was accepted by the Federal Tourism Agency in 2008. Among the main topics the following can b e emphasized which may relate to the Baltic Sea: A. introduction of visa-­‐free regime for tourists, ferried to seaports of St. Petersburg, Vyborg and Kaliningrad for not more than 72 hours (this visa regime has already been implemented; adopted by the RF Government Regulation of 7 May 2009 N 397 "On the order of stay in the Russian Federation for foreign citizens and stateless persons arriving to the Russian Federation as tourists onboard of ferries“) B.
dialogue with the EU to cancel visas for trips of Russian and EU citizens in the long-­‐term outlook C.
the creation of one of four gambling zones in the Kaliningrad region, n ear the village Yantarny, with a ccess to the Baltic Sea D. reconstruction and construction of marine terminals and port piers, jetties, as well as the purchase of passenger ships E.
reduction of customs duties on the purchase of cruise ships F.
development and implementation of a package of measures for improvement and development of beach areas, including arrangements for bank p rotection, increasing the b each, the construction of artificial bulk facilities, etc. G. dredging and shore protection, reconstruction and construction of piers, construction of networks of engineering infrastructure for the construction of marine and river stations, landscaping. STRONG IMPACT DIRECT IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT D, F, G
A, C, E,
WEAK IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT B
Brief Impact: This p rogram will lead to greater use of the Baltic Sea, especially in the coastal zone. But in the case of a ctual purchase of n ew and elimination of old cruise ships, pollution will remain approximately at the same level. Implications for MSP: >
facilitation in creation of certain areas: gambling zones, beach areas >
territory a llocation for the n ew construction and modernization of existing b erths for cruise ships. >
Increase the cruise vessels traffic >
dredging, reconstruction and construction of p iers may affect dynamism of the sea (through changes in coastline, seabed and coast morphometry) Source in Russian: http://www.russiatourism.ru/data/File/rubrika-­‐zakonodatelstvo/STRATEGIA.doc 16 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
11. the Federal Targeted Programme “Improving the effectiveness of utilisation and development of
resource potential of the fishery complex in 2019-2013”
11. The Federal Targeted Programme “Improving the effectiveness
of utilization and development of resource potential of the
fishery complex in 2009-2013”
The Federal Target Programme is approved by the RF Government Regulation in 2008. The program p lans to expand the fishing fleet, to run a number of investigations in the f ield of f ishing industry and increase the amount of aquatic biological resources p roduced. Part of the tasks is p lanned to realize in water area and coastal zone of the Baltic Sea: A. Reconstruction and technical re-­‐equipment of "Luga salmon production pilot plant", village Ivanovskoe, Kingisepp d istrict of the Leningrad region. B.
Construction of the Centre of aqua and mariculture (in the preservation and reproduction of aquatic biological resources), Zelenogradsk, Kaliningrad region C.
Modernization of ships of BATM class in Kaliningrad region D. Construction of one of the ship of BATM class, 9 tuna seiners, construction and modernization of fishing collective farm «Za Rodinu» in Kaliningrad region. E.
Reconstruction of pier and protective mole, providing depth at the piers in 6,4 meters, disposal of critical defects in the mooring lines with total length in 846 m eters, changing of pneumatic devices on the mooring lines with total length in 729 m eters in seaport of Kaliningrad F.
Reconstruction of the mooring line with total length in 182 m eters, construction of protective hydraulic engineering and support facilities at the port of St. Petersburg. DIRECT IMPACT STRONG IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT A, B, C, D, E, F
WEAK IMPACT Brief Impact: According to the estimates, made by Government, this program will increase the production of aquatic biological resources in the Baltic Sea to 15350 tons. In addition, the reconstruction of mooring lines in the ports of Kaliningrad and St. Petersburg will give an impulse to greater using of these ports. Implications for MSP: >
reservation of spaces for mariculture d evelopment >
increase in fishery leads to higher intensity of fishing vessels traffic www.baltseaplan.eu 17
12. The Russian Federation Strategy on Energy
12. The Russian Federation Strategy on Energy
The Russian Federation Strategy on Energy till 2030 was adopted by the RF Government in 2009. The strategy presents plans to t ransfer to n ew types of fuel, operation of new research and development o rganisations in energy sector, etc. There is quite little in the strategy that concerns Baltic sea a rea: A. Construction of a second phase of Baltic p ipeline system B.
Construction of o il refinery in Primorsk (Leningrad oblast) C.
Diversification of export deliveries of Russian energy resources through the implementation of new infrastructure p rojects (pipeline «Nord Stream») D. Development of a special tax regime for exploration of mineral stocks in the continental shelf of the Russian Federation; E.
Priority is given to development of innovative technologies that provide significant time reduction in exploration at sea. STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT DIRECT IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT A,B, С
D
INDIRECT IMPACT E
Brief Impact: The focus of energy strategy is on strengthening the export component of economy and shifting cargo flows from Baltic states to Russia Implications for MSP: >
creation of new concept of infrastructure corridors, including fairways >
crossing the exclusive economic zones and/or t erritorial waters of other countries for the pipeline construction; >
deplopment of p ipelines and cables is likely to increase in future thus giving rise to increasing conflict between d ifferent marine user groups – i.e., establishment of cable and p ipeline protection zones and corridors to prevent damage f rom ships' anchors and certain fishing t echniques (like trawling) will limit fishing a ctivities for commercially valuable species – d ealing with these conflicts will require multi-­‐
sectoral governance MSP can offer >
changes to seabed habitats caused by p ipelines, cables and other submarine works would have implications for fish stocks and marine life on the seabed and species dependent on it. >
water a rea expansion for offshore complexes and anchorage a reas d evelopment; >
Realisation of the programme would increase environmental risks in the Baltic Sea area. Changing the scheme of p etroleum products t ransportation will lead to environmental load increase from energy transportation through Russian part of the Gulf of Finland. 18 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
13. The Federal Targeted Programme “ National programme of the Baltic Sea ecosystem
rehabilitation measures”
13. Federal Targeted Programme “National programme of the Baltic
sea ecosystem rehabilitation measures”
While the p rogramme is currently in the concept development phase (first concept developed in May 2010), the RF Government is planning to allocate 75,9 bln rubles to its implementation in 2012-­‐2020, with overall programme budget being 145,8 bln rubles. The programme envisages increased level of sewage water treatment, m itigation of environmental impacts in emergency situations, d evelopment of environmental monitoring infrastructure, and may have strong and direct impact on MSP in the Baltic. www.baltseaplan.eu 19
14. The Concept of development for the most prospective areas of Greater Port of St. Petersburg
14. The Concept of development for the most prospective areas
(avant ports) of Greater Port of Saint-Petersburg
Approved by Government of St. Petersburg on January 20, 2009 N 8
The concept b ecame a culmination of y ears of coordination between f ederal and regional a gencies. Accelerated development of new port a reas is p rovided a round the railway station Bronka, in cities of Lomonosov and Kronstadt, the targets are set for the d evelopment of avantports up to 2025. Measures a re determined to d evelop transport approaches to the avant p orts, engineering infrastructure, checkpoints a cross the state border of the Russian Federation. DIRECT IMPACT STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT + MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT Brief Impact: The strategy gives an impulse to the construction of multipurpose cargo handling terminals, t ransport infrastructure specifically designed for ports Implications for MSP: When d eveloping the strategy, various options for avant ports placement were considered. Avantport locations were approved based on urban p lans, the location of environmentally p rotected areas, and current workload of highways. The options of avant ports d evelopment were abandoned in the Gorskaya, Old Peterhof, and some others, leaving them to resort d estinations. Construction will result in load d ecrease in central a reas of St. Petersburg Port. However, one must take into a ccount the increase in the density of t raffic, the impact of complexes on the road infrastructure of the coast. Monitoring of the impact o n other types of marine u se is n eeded. 20 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
15. Strategy for aquaculture development in the Russian Federation until 2020
15. Strategy for aquaculture development in the Russian Federation
until 2020
The Strategy for Aquaculture Development in the Russian Federation for up to 2020 is d eveloped in accordance with the decision of the board of the RF Ministry of A griculture, approved by the Ministry of A griculture of Russia (№ 12, March 15, 2007) The most important task of the document is to set the main goal of strategic p lanning, identify ways to a chieve a qualitatively n ew state of aquaculture, set p riorities for aquaculture d evelopment, build m easures and mechanisms of state support. It is a cknowledged that mariculture is in its infancy. North-­‐West region of Russia is called promising for the development of mariculture, however, priority is given to maintaining cold-­‐water fish farming in lakes and fish farming in the warmed water p lants. Implications for MSP: >
Introduction of h igh p roductive species will lead to changes in marine ecosystems >
Simplified p rocedure when licensing for mariculture farms a nd long-­‐term leasing of water and land facilities for mariculture would lead to increased number of mariculture farms in coastal areas. www.baltseaplan.eu 21 16. The Concept of long-term socio-economic developmengt of the Russian Federation until 2020
16. The concept of long-term socio-economic development of the
Russian Federation until 2020
Approved by the Federal Government as of November 17, 2008 № 1662-r
The Concept formulates: >
main d irections of long-­‐term socio-­‐economic d evelopment with the challenges of the coming p eriod; >
strategy to achieve its goals, including m easures, d irections and milestones; >
objectives, target indicators, priorities and major challenges of the long-­‐term public policy; >
parameters of the spatial d evelopment of the Russian economy, the goals and objectives of t erritorial development. The most important relevant issues: A. Consolidation and expansion of global competitive advantage of Russia in the traditional sectors (energy, transport, shipbuilding, etc) a re indicated a s p rimary lines of development; B.
Implementation of water potential of the Russian economy by drawing of undeveloped water resources of Russia into economic circulation; C.
Focus on the creation of new competitive shipbuilding industry. Target p roduction volume is given for the shipbuilding industry. D. The development of competitive advantages in transportation infrastructure, increase in exports of transport services (targets are given for exports, cargo handling at ports, increasing the capacity of the supporting transport network, including the one in the Leningrad region; comprehensive development of the St. Petersburg t ransportation hub, the d evelopment of t ransshipment port complexes in the system of international t ransport corridors, including the modernization and development of ports in the Baltic basin (St. Petersburg, Primorsk, Ust-­‐Luga, Baltiysk; E.
Development of fishery industry, formation and implementation of the mechanism of long-­‐term and effective management of aquatic biological resources, development of artificial reproduction of aquatic biological resources, aqua-­‐ and mariculture; system for monitoring the quality and safety of aquatic biological resources; F.
Formation of regional production clusters. It is envisaged to establish a network of territorial production clusters, realizing the competitive potential of the region, the formation of a number of innovative high-­‐
tech clusters in the European and Asiatic Russia. G. The North-­‐West region development directions (based on the potential of the St. Petersburg City metropolitan area, which is defined by access to the most important sea communications, the availability of the resource base for fuel, steel, chemical, forestry and fishing industries). In resource-­‐extracting areas of the North West region, growth is planned in extraction of oil and gas resources, including offshore, as well as extraction and p rocessing of marine biological resources. STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT DIRECT IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT A,B, D,G C F, E Brief Impact: Captures the main trends of the RF d evelopment (including the marine nature use), emphasizes the role of maritime sectors in the overall d evelopment of the country, links economic and social d evelopment of the area. Implications for MSP: Denotes the scales and development parameters of the North-­‐West region to lay in the basis of more specific development projects
22 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
17. The strategy of geological industry development until 2030
17. The strategy of geological industry development until 2030
Approved by the Federal Government Decree N 1039-­‐p as o f 21 June 2010. Coordination of the Strategy implementation rests with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation. In a small volume the Strategy contains provisions related t o development of mineral resources on the shelf: A. For the development of geological exploration on the continental shelf of the Russian Federation and in the oceans available research v essels a re to b e upgraded with modern t echnical means and new research vessels a re to b e constructed. B.
The aim is set to increase exploration status of the Russian Federation territory, its continental shelf and waters of the inland seas, through appointment of general geological work in 2012 to 45%, by 2020 up to 50% and by 2030 up 70%. C.
In addition, there are a number of measures affecting the MNR: D. Improvement of the program and target planning: Planning exploration work within the natural boundaries of mineragenic provinces and mineral resource centers allocated with due account to the possibilities of transport and energy infrastructure of the territories, regardless of the administrative-­‐
territorial d ivision. E.
Coordination of geological exploration programs, funded by different sources: the f ederal budget, budgets of the Russian Federation constituents and of p rivate users. F.
Adjustment is recommended for socio-­‐economic development of regions to take account of plans to develop m ineral resources. G. Removal of administrative barriers in the regulation of geological study and reproduction of mineral resources base, simplification of licensing for geological exploration (up to the introduction of declarative principle) and p rovision of opportunities for free market turnover of exploration licenses; H. Delineation of responsibilities of the government and business in the reproduction of mineral resources base of the Russian Federation. I.
improved staffing in geology industry, improvements in education and training J.
Providing free access to geological information obtained through the federal budget, budgets of the Russian Federation constituents and extrabudgetary sources. STRONG IMPACT WEAK IMPACT DIRECT IMPACT MEDIUM IMPACT INDIRECT IMPACT В, D С, F, E, G, H, I А Brief Impact: Implementation of this strategy removes the number of administrative barriers for geological exploration, including those on the seas and o ceans shelf. Consequences for MSP: >
more intensive study of the continental shelf is expected and subsequent p rogram of offshore development >
deposits may be identified in waters already in use by other sectors, o r navigation routes, leading to possible conflict with t echnical infrastructure and shipping.
www.baltseaplan.eu 23
18. Annexes
18. ANNEXES
18.1 Annex 1: Figures on St. Petersburg port N° Characteristic units Actual index Target index 2005 2010 Planned index 2015 1. Target indices of high-­‐tech goods turnover in the Big Port of St. Petersburg and p rocessing of containers at warehouse complex of St. Petersburg 1.1. Cargo handling containerized cargo in the Big Thous. TEU 1119 2000 3100 % 20 30 30 Port of St. Petersburg, including the proportion of containers processed at the terminal and warehouse complex of St. Petersburg 1.2. Refrigerated cargo turnover in the Big Port of St. Petersburg Million t 3.37 5.0 6.0 1-­‐3. Ro/Ro cargo turnover in the Big port of St. Million t 0~1 1-­‐5. 2.5 days 7-­‐8 4-­‐5 2-­‐3 1 4 9 Petersburg 1-­‐4. Average duration of stay of containerized cargo in the Big port of St. Petersburg 2.Target indicators of St Petersburg t ransport accessibility 2.1. The number of ferry lines in the Big Port of St. Petersburg 18.2 Annex 2 -­‐ Brief description of large-­‐scale construction in the Gulf of Finland 18.2.1
"Marine Facade" Marine facade is a project to develop the western part of Basil Island, which involves reclamation of n ew a reas covering about 450 hectares (expansion of the territory up t o 1,5 k ilometers into the Gulf of Finland). The total project cost is estimated at $ 3 billion. A total of reclaimed areas will b e built over 1.5 million square meters of office space, 3 million square m eters of residential, commercial, recreational and social facilities. There will also be built CHP "Marine Facade" (as part of "Energy efficient island" program implementation). Government of St. Petersburg approved the draft p lan for reclaimed a rea in the western part of the Basil Island. The draft p lan is drawing the boundaries of roads, streets, capital construction and transportation infrastructure. For residential, community and business development 161 hectares of land will be allocated, with 204.4 hectares under the road transport network, trees would occupy 19.5 hectares, 1, 521 million square m. will occupy residential area with 33,8 thousand inhabitants. Area of public and business buildings will be 1 million square meters. As of today, the total area of land reclamation is about 180 h ectares. Specialized sea passenger port "Marine Facade" is located o n Basil Island, St. Petersburg, the first phase of its construction started in 2009. From 4 May to 25 September 2009 the port has hosted 28 ships of "Premium" and "Standard" categories with 245 thousand passengers arriving to St. Petersburg by sea. The completion of nd
the 2 stage is p lanned for 2011. 24 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
18. Annexes
18.2.2
The complex of coastal engineering structures in St. Petersburg. The complex of flood p rotective engineering structures entered into its final construction phase. Currently a set of tests is b eing conducted for machinery and equipment of the C1 navigation opening f loating gate, which is designed to close 200 m wide and 16 m d eep shipping channel during the f lood. The construction of a tunnel under the shipping channel is being finalized. 18.2.3
Multifunctional sea t ranshipment facility -­‐ (MSTF) "Bronka" Construction of MSTF "Bronka" is envisaged in the Development Concept for priority areas of the Big Port of St. Petersburg. The project is implemented in a ccordance with t he General Plan of St. Petersburg. At present, the necessary city planning documentation is developed, a complex investigation is p erformed, the d evelopment of project documentation is completed for both sea and onshore components. Construction of the port in the Lomonosov district should begin n ext year, and already in 2013 it could take the first ship. After the f irst phase of construction there will be container t erminal of 1.45 m illion TEU per y ear capacity, as well as the terminal for rolling cargo up to 260 t housand cars and special v ehicles per y ear. 18.2.4
Port of Ust-­‐Luga The commercial seaport of Ust-­‐Luga should be the most powerful port complex of the North-­‐West Russia in the future. Construction of the port began in 1997. At present t here is a ferry terminal serving Ust-­‐Luga-­‐Baltijsk-­‐
ports of Germany line. The f erry is d esigned for the carriage of passengers and cargo to 2.3 million tons per year. Coal t erminal with a turnover of 4 million tons per y ear was put in commission. Universal t ranshipping complex with capacity 1,8 m illion tons per y ear was put in comission to p rocess general-­‐
purpose goods, as well as the complex to p rocess m ineral fertilizers with 2 m illion tons p er year capacity. In total according to the port development plan in the a rea over 800 h ectars will b e created 2 transshipment complexes, among which a lso Container Terminal (cargo turnover of 1 m illion TEUs), timber t erminal (1.1 million tonnes), grain t erminal (2.2 million tons), complexes for bulked (5.5 m illion tons), general (4.5 million tons) and p erishable (0.6 million tons) cargo, bunker complex (2 million tons).When constructing the port, due attention is paid to environmental issues. The audit of its construction projects JSC "Ust-­‐Luga" commissioned from German scientists. 18.2.5
Mining operations Russia has developed an o il field in the vicinity ofKaliningrad at a d istance of 23,3 km f rom the n earest shore, by building in 2004 a drilling o il complex D-­‐6, d esigned for d rilling and operation of 21 wells to a d epth of 4500 m at water d epths of 30 meters.The platform project contains technical solutions that provide a high d egree of environmental and industrial safety. A 47 km underwater p ipeline is laid down from the platform to the shore.By means of the p ipeline a mixture of oil and associated gas is transported to the gathering station at Romanovo. The Platform output is 600 tons p er year. 18.2.6
North European Gas Pipeline (Nord Stream)-­‐ Laying of the North European Gas Pipeline is expected from the Portovaya Bay (near Vyborg, Leningrad region) on the Baltic coast of Russia to the Baltic coast of Germany with access to land in Synergipark Lubmin in the Bay of Greifswald Bodden. Marine gas transport system is p lanned as two gas p ipelines from the onshore compressor station at Vyborg before the first weld at the gauging station in Synergipark Lubmin. Thus, the affected area is a corridor, stretching some 1200 k m and a width of 2 km (corridor where route surveying is conducted) at the bottom of the Baltic Sea. Two gas pipelines will be laid on the seabed at a distance of approximately 50 meters. Width of the corridor on the seabed, which is exposed in the process of the gas pipelines conduct, including the impact of pipe-­‐laying v essels anchors, will be approximately 1600 m . Service platform, located approximately midway in the Swedish EEZ in the north-­‐east of Gotland, is part of the gas transmission system. Platform with a safety zone radius of 500 m, where traffic is prohibited will take approximately 0.8 km2 of the seabed. The p ipeline route will pass through the EEZ of the four EU m ember states, and through the EEZ and t erritorial waters of Russia. www.baltseaplan.eu 25 18. Annexes
18.3 Annex 3 – Compatibility assessment of national policies 18.3.1
The policies potentially affecting development of the sea space + There is a national concept for country development, most regions have regional strategies, including St Petersburg, a nd some municipalities have their own strategies + Participation of Russia in Baltic Agenda 21 None existent Municipal co-­‐operation + Municipal level Regional Level Interregional co-­‐operation Policy National Level Existing at Remarks Cross sectoral socio-­‐
economic strategies + Sustainable development strategies + Cohesion policy /Structural Funds/Lisbon Gothenburg strategies + Spatial policy + + For over 20 y ears there is virtually no progress in strategic planning for the spatial organization o f the territory a t the federal level. M eanwhile, spatial policy exists in many municipalities of Leningrad o blast, St Petersburg a nd Kaliningrad oblast. Environmental policy + + + + Environmental Doctrine of the Russian Federation, Federal Law on Environmental Protection, Environmental Policy o f St Petersburg till 2012. Implementation also done v ia the Federal Targeted Programme "World Ocean" a nd to be done v ia the Federal Targeted Programme “National programme of the Baltic sea ecosystem rehabilitation measures” Port development + + + The State Targeted Programme „Development of transportation system in Russia for 2010-­‐2015” has some provisions for port development. M unicipal level development programmes exist for passenger terminal development in St Petersburg, ports in Primorsk, L uga Bay, Vysotsk and Vyborg (Leningrad oblast), Baltijsk a nd Balga peninsula (Kaliningrad oblast). Maritime a nd multimodal transport development + + Transportation strategy o f Russia till 2030, Intelligent transportation system of Russia, Strategy of transportation-­‐
logistic complex development in St Petersburg. + National strategy has some provisions for interregional cooperation. Sustainable development programmes exist for some cities of Leningrad oblast (Vyborg, Kirishi), Pskov a nd rural areas of Pskov oblast. On m unicipal level, local Agenda 21 was approved by Primorsky district of St Petersburg, for example) Transportation Strategy clearly defines national priorities in marine transport development a nd lists regional projects supported by the state a s well as funding mechanisms. Fishery + + + Regional programmes exist for North-­‐Western Russia, L eningrad and Kaliningrad o blast. While m unicipal programmes exist for some areas (e.g., Tyumen), none were identified in the Baltic region. Funding is provided by the Federal Targeted Programme of the fishery complex Aquaculture + As part of strategies on fishery 26 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
18. Annexes
It was noted that conditions exist for mariculture development in the N W Russia, but cold water fishery in lakes is named among priorities Energy + + + Energy efficiency strategies exist on national, regional a nd are developed at municipal level. Tourism + + + Tourism strategies exist for Kaliningrad a nd L eningrad oblast, municipal strategy for Vyborg (Leningrad o blast). Funding is determined by the Federal Targeted Programme of Kaliningrad region development Coastal protection + On regional level, implemented within the framework of Federal Targeted programme for Kaliningrad oblast. Mining and extraction of minerals + Geological strategy of Russia came into force in summer 2010, focused mainly on increase of exploration works, including shelf areas. Climate change policy + Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation exists since end of 2009; Climate strategies are being developed for a number of Russian m egapolises including St Petersburg; energy efficiency strategy for St Petersburg (adopted in 2009) sets goals to decrease carbon emissions Research, education and information collection policy related to maritime issues + Partly covered in the Federal Targeted Programme “World Ocean” Surveillance policy + These issues are considered in many documents of federal level, such a s Marine Doctrine, Transport strategy, etc. Maritime employment policy + There are articles dedicated to Maritime employment policy in Marine Doctrine, Strategy of Shipbuilding industry development and other federal documents. Maritime cluster policy + At the federal level, a n interdepartmental working group on public policy-­‐territorial clusters has been established, however policies have not y et elaborated. Guidelines for the implementation o f c luster policy in the Russian Federation has been developed (2008). At the regional level, there is only a draft resolution on the basis of cluster policy in St. Petersburg, 2010-­‐2013. The term “Maritime c luster” is not defined in current legislation. Cultural heritage policy + In Russia there is no single coordinated policy with regard to research, preservation a nd promotion of maritime heritage. Cultural heritage strategy exists for St Petersburg (2005), but doesn’t take into account underwater cultural heritage Maritime D efence policy + “Foundations of Maritime D efence policy till 2010” were adopted in 2000. The document is available online. Conclusions 1.
As shown by the analysis of available documents , the policies focused entirely on marine issues have not been developed in Russia. Some documents take into account marine aspects of Russia, and marine focus is represented there (transport strategy, energy, etc). Marine focus is not traced at all in a number of policies, for example in tourism strategy, h eritage strategy, developing cluster initiatives. This fact demonstrates underestimation of marine environmental management role in the country's economy, which leads to segmental solutions in this area. 2.
The regional level lacks sustainable development strategy, however, the Strategic Development Plan of St. Petersburg considers social, economic and environmental issues combined. Sustainable development concept is declarative at the state level for many years, there is no implementation mechanism. www.baltseaplan.eu 27 18. Annexes
3.
There is lack of coherent spatial policy at the state level. Gosplan (Former National Planning Authority) and the Council for the Study of Productive Forces performed these functions before “perestroika”. The Council is functioning so far, but has no real power to influence public policy planning. Instead of a comprehensive spatial planning, there is only a list of ambitious projects of national importance. Sectoral pressure approach to planning instead of territorial approach (which is noticeable in the analysis of sectoral policies) means one-­‐sidedness, neglecting the principle of systematic development, and also leads to potential conflicts between natural resources users. Russia needs the spatial development at all levels and spatial scales as a two-­‐way development: from the country as a whole to the lowest unit of local government, and from a small municipality to the federal d istrict and the country as a whole, in a global context. In our opinion, t he most effective way is to implement this function at the level of f ederal districts. 4.
A centralized state intervention is required in the spontaneous process of the space restructuring. It’s necessary to identify the spatial framework of the country development, including the rapid growth areas and links between them to be analyzed in the global economic context; planning of advanced development of these areas and links, project formulation and implementation of such advanced development that could include the so-­‐called depressed areas. 5.
Environmental policy lacks on the level of municipalities due to concentration of all functions in the field of ecology at the federal level. For the same reason, even documents originated at the regional level (St. Petersburg) have no real means of implementation, because regulations, control, possibility of economic sanctions against law-­‐breakers, informational support are a ll under federal responsibility. Ineffectiveness of environmental policy is also determined by the ongoing (since 2003) reform of federal agencies in the environmental field (supervisory function in ecology moved from the State Committee on Ecology -­‐ > to the Ministry of Natural Resources -­‐ "to Rostekhnadzor (Russian Technical Supervisory Authority) -­‐> to Rosprirodnadzor (Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources Usage)). 6.
Maritime cluster policy – the documents developed at different levels should be expected, because the structures responsible for this issue are being developed at the moment. It is very important, whether the strategies at regional and national level will b e coordinated / harmonized o r not. 7.
Several policies are carried out on the state level only: in the field of Mining and extraction of minerals, Maritime Defense policy, Climate change policy. It is quite natural for the area of Mining and Defense, as these activities in Russia will always be under federal control. With regard to climate policy, the situation could be different. Nevertheless, some climate requirements are taken into account in the energy strategies of the regions. 8.
There is a clear gap in the Coastal protection policy at the state level. If there was a document that defines the responsibility for coasts deterioration, financial measures for the coastal protection, identification of priorities for protection, and communication between federal and regional authorities, it would be very helpful. This would help to overcome the critical situation with coastal erosion p rocesses. List of the most important policies in your countries. Port development strong medium Policy direct 18.3.2
х x Consequences for MSP Ports development course reserves places for these purposes, a s well a s "calls" for other activities: development of approaches a nd engineering infrastructure. Makes it impossible to develop other uses in the area o f its negative impact. (Sanitary-­‐
protective zone of ports up to 1 km in all directions). Ports expansion m eans water area expansion for o ffshore complexes a nd anchorage areas development, involvement of waters for fairways 28 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
18. Annexes
Maritime transport development x x Space is reserved for enhanced maritime transport a nd pipelines. Conflicts are possible with other stakeholders and o ther countries. In the Nord Stream project, spatial corridor is designated along the pipeline where anchoring is prohibited. There are limitations in the areas where platforms (ban o n maritime traffic, anchoring a nd fishery) a nd pipe-­‐laying barges (ban o n marine traffic and fishery) are located. The width of the no-­‐take area depends o n specific environmental conditions and type of construction works. The pipeline will substantially affect other types of marine use: >
geological use of seabed (primary resources) >
fishery, benthic environment (benthic flora a nd fauna) >
protected zones (international a nd national) >
marine transport / traffic >
cultural heritage (settlements a nd ship wrecks) >
acting or planned infrastructure objects (pipelines, cables, wind farms, etc) >
tourism and leisure areas >
military polygons >
dumping sites (dredged material, disposal o f c hemicals a nd ammunition) Mining and extraction o f minerals х Space limitations when given proper information o n the mineral resources localisation Coastal protection х Artificial flood prevention constructions calls for other uses such as transport, piers Land reclamation х Use the Gulf of Finland spaces to expand St. Petersburg. The city receives a n a dditional 450 hectares for development. Tourism x х Consider growing tourism pressure, increased space for tourist infrastructure (especially Kaliningrad) Environmental policy х International requirements a nd a greements in the placement o f new users. Toughens the requirements for the use of territories by users through the fixation zone o f negative influence of o bjects (called sanitary-­‐protective zone, which extends to the territory beyond the borders o f the enterprise, and has restrictions o n use). Possible conflicts in land use. Placing users subject to the restrictions o n the territories belonging to the "coastal protection zone" a nd " water-­‐protection zone of water bodies. Spatial policy (on regional level) 18.3.3
х Establishes certain areas of the territory (including coastal): socio-­‐business, manufacturing plants, etc., which determine the development of the area for the long term. List Coherence b etween policies and possible conflicts Policy identified under point 2 Potential spatial planning conflicts Port development 1. Conflict with Sustainable development strategies because of ignoring the interests of local communities. The reason is in the dominance of industry interests a nd "weakness" of m unicipal Response of spatial planning to t he conflicts MPS should take into account: >
the planned number of ship calls, the needs of water area for offshore sites, the number of ships delivered to winter in the port, etc. >
space a llocation for the expansion of environmental infrastructure (space for environmental fleet, treatment facilities capacity, etc) due to increased volumes of www.baltseaplan.eu 29 18. Annexes
level of government. Maritime transport development petroleum products transportation; 2. Impact on the natural areas with special status (natural protected areas) >
in many places port expansion means getting c loser to protected areas, so it is necessary to observe buffer zones between the areas 3. Port development (deepening of the channels) increases the pressure o n shores a nd waters, contributing to erosion, being detrimental to the recreational use o f the coast >
in practice, MPS should use the policy harmonization procedures with regards to local residents (this is especially true for leisure spaces a llocation). Conflict with the Environmental policy, a s well a s with Russia's international obligations due to increasing risks of o il spills. With regard to North Stream: Crossing exceptional economic zones and / or territorial waters of FI, SE, DK a nd DE. Certain conflict of interests with EE, LV, LT a nd PL a s the pipeline will not pass through their EEZs. Design stage (choice of pipeline route) -­‐ conflict with existing or planned usage of respective areas in RU, FI, SE, D K a nd DE. Consequently, development policies should take into account the mechanisms of interaction between federal m inistries and local authorities a.
strategy for spatial development must be developed at the level o f the state a nd federal constituents b.
trends and characteristics of marine spatial planning should be identified in the legislative documents, a s well as the body responsible for it. >
A document is needed for MPS that sets out the policy at the state level with respect to the Natural Protected Areas. Securing the status of a “maritime heritage”.
Aspects to be considered in MSP With regards to maritime traffic: 1)
Information on intensity of maritime transport and environmental aspects of the port infrastructure such as breakwaters and port neighbouring areas. 2)
Information o n maritime transport forecasts. 3)
Space for port development and for transport corridors development including intelligent transport corridors if necessary to minimize ecological risk from transport. The network of such corridors should be a greed a t Baltic level. 4)
Plans to be developed for ship fume free areas in the densely populated regions. 5)
Seek for clear national priorities to decide on conflicting uses With regards to pipelines/Nord Stream: 1)
International regulations and transboundary context (Contacts with planning authorities of countries in question (FI,SE, DK, DE, EE, LV, L T, PL) are needed) Construction stage (laying down the pipeline) 2)
-­‐ security zone around the pipe-­‐laying barges – interests of fishery a nd marine traffic of all countries in the Baltics Optimal security zones width needs to be elaborated around the pipeline, service platform, pipe-­‐laying barges with regards to many factors, including stakeholders interests 3)
Visual impact of the service platform planned (leisure areas impact) 4)
Raised risks for other users due to maritime maneuvers in the v icinity o f the pipeline construction 5)
Spatial scale of risks related to accidental gas blowouts as a result of accidents and explosions of buried ammunition 6)
When planning the Nord Stream account should be taken to the characteristics of commercial fishery (data about the catch in tonnes and in Euros) of each country in the sectors of ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea), traversed or affected by the -­‐ risk from ship collision a nd oil spills – all countries in the Baltics are affected -­‐ risk of contact with chemical and conventional amunition dumping sites – SE, D K, DE, potentially a ll countries can be affected -­‐ crossing nature conservation areas, nature 30 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
18. Annexes
reserves, areas in which certain restrictions to marine use are a pplied (like the impact from pipeline installation inside the international EF-­‐bird protected area No. DE 1552-­‐401) – DE (FI, SE, DK) pipeline. Pipeline operation stage -­‐ security zone around the pipeline – interests o f fishery and marine traffic, tourism and leisure activities (all countries are affected) -­‐ security zone around service platform (ban on marine traffic and fishery) – SE -­‐ visual impact from the platform on leisure areas (SE) -­‐ Seabed use and morphology c hange by the pipeline (RU, FI, SE, D K, DE) -­‐ Barrier effect o f the pipeline (RU, FI, SE, D K, DE, PL) Coastal protection Conflict with recreational use o f the territory due to slowing down water exchange over the protected area, increasing eutrophication. Unfortunately, there are no policies governing the protection of the shores in the long term. There is o nly the dam project adopted for the implementation a decade a go. Land reclamation Conflict with the Environmental policy because of increasing environmental load on the Gulf of Finland (destruction of benthic organisms, turbidity). Since such a huge project of land reclamation was v ery unique to the Russian practice, environmental policymakers did not have legislative m echanisms to take into account the activity. >
MSP should have information o n coastal dynamic processes (erosions a nd accumulated drifts) >
MSP should provide for coastal protection m easures in sectoral development strategies (energy, transport) >
There is a need for coherent policy protecting the coast from flooding as well as from the destructive processes of erosion in the long and short terms. >
It is necessary to determine the authority responsible for coastal status MSP should take into account possible changes in coastal and seabed morphology leading to deprivations for other users when implementing such projects. MSP should receive up-­‐to-­‐date information from coastal dynamics monitoring. MSP should take into account possible limitations when using reclaimed territories a nd a djacent water a reas Conflict with tourism sector (in the Northern part of the Gulf, where coastal erosion www.baltseaplan.eu 31 18. Annexes
processes are accelerated). The processes are mainly caused by sand mining in the Gulf of Finland for the needs of the reclaimed areas. Tourism Environmenta
l policy Spatial policy on regional level Conflict with the Environmental policy because of poorly thought-­‐
out compensation measures for the protection of nature in the areas of tourism promotion Excessive rigidity o f the policies a nd rules leads to corruptive ways to deal with environmental issues. Frequent changes o f supervisory bodies means a quick c hange o f emphasis in the policies that provoke conflict because of changing “rules of the game”. Impossibility of carrying o ut policies at regional a nd m unicipal levels because of federal dominance in the sphere o f ecology. Conflicts with users whose location is contrary to the ongoing zoning. -­‐MSP should take into account necessary environmental infrastructure development (places of solid and liquid waste disposal, etc) in the areas where tourist flows tend to increase, -­‐ Planning recreational zones development should be based on environmental quality information -­‐ MSP should also protect vulnerable a nd sensitive areas from intensive tourist flows >
-­‐MSP should have information on environmentally sensitive areas (bird nests, etc) >
optimal size of protected areas should be determined for MSP >
MSP should take into account spatial scale of impacts originating from various types of marine use >
MSP should take into account transboundary context Expand the influence of regional a uthorities through joint documents between federal and regional a uthorities in the field of ecology (e.g., information support, control measures, monitoring) MPS requires prioritizing a nd determination of principles for spatial development a nd their harmonization a t different levels o f governance Thus, the main d riving polices influencing marine space use are: >
Port d evelopment & Maritime transport d evelopment >
Mining and extraction of minerals >
Coastal p rotection & Land reclamation >
Tourism >
Environmental policy >
Spatial policy (on regional level) In this regard, sectors that dominate are related to p roduction and transportation of energy resources, given that respective strategies a re backed by financial resources of companies carrying out these activities, as well as the state's participation in the o wnership of these companies. Policies for tourism d evelopment are strong enough for the coast of the Kaliningrad region (because of federal support for the creation of special gaming zones at four territories, including Kaliningrad)) and St Petersburg city in t erms of cruise tourism infrastructure development. The strength and d evelopment of Environmental policy will largely depend on the capacity of the body that only this y ear has b een given credentials to control it (Rosprirodnadzor). Spatial policy on regional level is basically just registers (aligns) d ecisions, adopted at t he federal level regarding the use of the coast. Of course, with f ederal support provided, coastal protection m easures (the dam) and land reclamation for St. Petersburg will b e continued. Among policies that may also play an important role in the f uture one can include the development of cluster areas, a s well as the expected new v ersion of the Maritime Doctrine of Russia (currently d eveloped by the order of the RF Government). 32 BaltSeaPlan – Report 6 – Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
The BaltSeaPlan
project in general
Activities
Partners
BaltSeaPlan activities were designed to support all major
aspects of maritime spatial planning within the Baltic Sea
region:
Germany
> Improving the joint information base / stocktaking for
maritime spatial planning:
A forum for dialogue bringing together spatial planners
and scientists and identify sources of data / information.
Compiling current uses, conflicts and natural values of
the Baltic Sea. Filling data gaps, exchange of data, improve integration of ecological and socio-economic data
sets, identify relevant modelling methods, clarify MSP
data needs.
> Including Spatial Planning in National Maritime Strategies
Assessment of national frameworks, methodologies and
sectoral strategies that influence the use of sea space
(e.g. energy, fishery, transport, tourism, as well as nature conservation)
Developing recommendations on spatial issues within
National Maritime Strategies.
Exploiting the visions to foster a national cross-sectoral
debate, discussing goals & targets for dealing with space
and filling gaps in national sectoral policies & strategies
> Develop a Vision for Maritime Spatial Planning in the Baltic Sea 2030
taking into account transnational interdependencies
and cumulative impacts
initiate a Baltic Sea region wide campaign as to discuss
the BaltSeaPlan Vision 2030
> Demonstrate MSP in 8 pilot areas
• Danish Straights / T-Route (DK)
• Pomeranian Bight (DE/DK/SE/PL)
• Western Gulf of Gdansk (PL)
• Middle Bank (SE/PL)
• Lithuanian Sea (LT)
• Latvian Sea (LV)
• Pärnu Bay (EE)
• Hiiumaa and Saaremaa Islands (EE)
> Lobbying and capacity building for MSP
• stakeholder involvement & participative planning
methods
• BaltSeaPlan series of guidelines & policy recommendations
• workshops & conferences for decision-makers
• Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), Lead Partner
• Ministry of Energy, Infrastructure and Regional Development of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
• WWF Germany, Baltic Sea Unit
Poland
• Maritime Office in Szczecin
• Maritime Office in Gdynia
• Maritime Institute in Gdańsk
Denmark
• Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University (formerly
National Environmental Research Institute – NERI)
Sweden
• Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
• Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
Estonia
• Estonian Marine Institute of University of Tartu
• Baltic Environmental Forum Estonia
Lithuania
• Klaipėda University Coastal Research and Planning Institute (CORPI)
• Baltic Environmental Forum Lithuania
Latvia
• Baltic Environmental Forum Latvia
BaltSeaPlan Publications
BaltSeaPlan Reports
• BaltSeaPlan Findings
• BaltSeaPlan Vision 2030 – Towards the sustainable planning of Baltic Sea space
• Become a Maritime Spatialist within 10 Minutes (EN, DE, LV, LT, PL, EE)
• BaltSeaPlan Bulletin #1
• BaltSeaPlan Bulletin #2
• BaltSeaPlan Project Flyer (EN, DE, LV, LT, PL, EE, SE)
Impact Assessments
1 - Strategies with relevance for Estonian maritime space
2 - Strategies with relevance for German maritime space
3 - Strategies with relevance for Latvian maritime space
4 - Strategies with relevance for Lithuanian maritime space
5 - Strategies with relevance for Polish maritime space
6 - Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space
7 - Strategies with relevance for Swedish maritime space
8 - Implications of the international and national policy context for Baltic Sea space and MSP
Pilot MSP reports
9 - Developing a Pilot MSP for the Pomeranian Bight and Arkona Basin
10 - Developing a Pilot MSP for the Middle Bank
11 - Developing a Pilot SEA for the Western Gulf of Gdansk
12 - Preparing for a MSP at the Danish Straits
13 - Towards a Pilot MSP for the Pärnu Bay
14 - Towards a Pilot MSP for the Saaremaa and Hiiumaa Islands
15 - Towards a Pilot MSP for the Lithuanian Sea
16 - Developing a Pilot MSP for the Western Coast of Latvia
MSPs and SEA
17 - Pilot MSP for the Western Coast of Latvia (LV)
18 - SEA for the Western Gulf of Gdansk (PL)
Technical reports
19 - Modelling for MSP – Tools, concepts, applications
20 - Data exchange structure for MSP
21 - Effects of underwater noise on harbour porpoises around major shipping lanes
22 - Remote sensing methods for detecting small fishing vessels and fishing gear
23 - Legal and planning options for integrating fisheries into Maritime Spatial Planning
24 - Stakeholder Involvement in MSP
25 - SEA in MSP: Recommendations from the German and Polish experience
26 - Fisheries in the MSP context
27 - Seabed and habitat mapping in the Hatter Barn area
28 - BaltSeaPlan Web-advanced tool in support of MSP
29 - Case Study: Systematic site selection for offshore windpower
with Marxan in the pilot area Pomeranian Bight
30 - Case Study: Site selection of fisheries areas for MSP
31 - Recommendations for legislative action regarding the MSP in
Europe
Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) has become a widely acknowledged and necessary tool for co-ordinating spatial use and
balancing of interests in the sea. In view of expanding activities such as offshore wind energy parks and growing shipping
traffic and at the same time increasing needs to protect the marine environment a systematic, integrative and forwardlooking planning is required in order to safeguard the sustainable development of the seas. Currently, however, this tool is
far from being established practice.
The 3.7 million € INTERREG IVB project “BaltSeaPlan” (2009–2012) has been the largest project in recent years dealing with
maritime spatial planning throughout the Baltic Sea Region. Under the lead of the German Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) and covering partners from all Baltic Sea countries (except Finland) the project has not only developed
pilots in 8 demonstration areas, but also advanced methods, instruments & tools as well as data exchange necessary for an
effective maritime spatial planning.
The results of BaltSeaPlan are published in a series of reports all available for free download under www.baltseaplan.eu.
The BaltSeaPlan Report � 6 “Strategies with relevance for Russian maritime space” provides an overview of all policies and
strategies currently in force in Russia that influence the use of its sea space (e.g. energy, fishery, transport, tourism as well as
nature conservation). An assessment is provided on how strong the impact is of each strategy and/or policy, whether it is of a
direct or more indirect nature and whether the policies/strategies are compatible with each other. The report provides a basis
for the analysis of trends and strategies around all Baltic countries and was presented in Russia in the framework of the Baltic
Sea days.
Project part-financed by the European Union
ISBN
978-3-86987-405-0
Project part-financed by the (European
European Union
Regional
Development
Fund)
(European Regional Development Fund)