Unit 1. Historical Thinking and Skills
Learning Target 1
c Construct a time line of significant events in Ohio and the
United States to demonstrate an understanding of units of
time and chronological order.
Chronological thinking helps you develop a clear sense of historical time in
order to recognize the temporal sequence of events in history.
Timelines are created with appropriate titles, evenly spaced intervals for
years, decades and centuries, and events in chronological order.
A timeline can include a variety of events about various topics. The title
indicates what type of information is being presented on the timeline.
When creating a timeline, the interval or number of years between each
date must be equal. This interval will vary depending on the length of the
time period that the timeline covers.
As you place events on timelines, you begin to understand cause-andeffect relationships among events.
Title
Use a graphic organizer like the one above to create a time line with an
appropriate title and evenly spaced intervals.
Learning Target 2
c Research, organize, and evaluate information from primary
and secondary sources to create an historical narrative.
Primary sources are records of events as they are first described, usually by
witnesses or by people who were involved in the event. Many primary
sources were created at the time of the event.
Other primary sources may include memoirs, oral interviews or accounts
that were recorded later. Visual materials (e.g., photos, official documents,
original artwork, posters, and films) also are important primary sources.
Secondary sources offer an analysis or a summary of primary sources. They
are written after the events have taken place by people who were not
present at the events. They often attempt to describe or explain primary
sources. Examples of secondary sources include encyclopedias, textbooks,
books and articles that interpret or review research works.
Historical narratives recount human events. You can use information from
primary and secondary sources to construct a historical narrative about an
event in the past. Primary and secondary sources can help you distinguish
facts from opinions, understand the cause and effects of an event, and
consider the points of view of people in the past.
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Use a graphic organizer like the one above to sort examples of primary
and secondary sources.
For video tutorials, interactive review games, and assessment
practice for this unit, go to: http://www.ohiotestprep.com/grade-4
Unit 1. Checking for Understanding
1. Eight presidents have called Ohio their home.
Move the presidents from Ohio in the correct order of the year they
took office.
2. A time line and a paragraph about the history of Ohio are shown.
Read the paragraph and put the events described in the correct order
on the time line.
Move each of the three events into the blank boxes on the time line.
3. Two passages are shown.
Decide whether each passage is a primary or secondary source.
Choose the box you want to select under each passage.