Name_____________________________________________________ Period ______ Date _________________
Marine Biology: Chapter 4-The Building Blocks
1) All living things require ____________ to maintain themselves and grow
2) All the chemical reactions and processes that take place in the body are referred to as the organism’s
__________________________
3) Maintaining stable internal conditions is known as ________________________________
4) Living organisms are able to ____________________ and ____________________ to the external environment
5) All life forms must ______________________________ to perpetuate their species
6) What is the most important chemical for life?
7) What are organic compounds and what main elements do they contain?
8) Organic compounds are ____________ energy molecules; it ______________ energy to _______________ them.
9) When organic compounds break down, they tend to __________________ the energy that went into their construction.
10) Organisms have developed the ability to _____________________ this ________________ in order to harness the
___________________ that is _________________________.
11) What are the 4 main groups of macromolecules?
12) Carbohydrates are mainly composed of _______________________, _____________________, and _________________
13) The simplest carbohydrate is _____________________ and a few other _____________________________________
14) How are complex carbohydrates formed?
15) How are starches different from simple sugars?
16) Name 3 ways carbohydrates are used.
17) What subunits make up protein?
18) What 4 elements make up proteins?
19) Name 5 ways proteins are used.
20) Examples of lipids are ___________________ , __________________, and _____________________.
21) What is the main use of lipids in animals?
22) What are 2 other useful properties of lipids needed by birds and marine mammals?
23) What is the main purpose of nucleic acids?
24) __________________________ are the subunits that make up nucleic acids
25) These subunits of nucleic acids consist of a _______________________________ joined to molecules containing
_____________________________ and _____________________________
26) What is DNA?
27) What is a genome?
28) Where does an organism get its genetic information?
29) The 4 different types of nitrogen bases found in nucleotides are ____________________________, ______________________,
_________________________________, and _________________________________
30) What are genes?
31) What is RNA?
32) Which nucleotide is different in RNA than in DNA?
33) Name 4 functions of RNA
34) The genome sequences can be used for…