Bean Day Issue
Volume 29, Number 5
A NEW YEAR—A CLEAN SLATE
Page 2
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
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Joyful 2012
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 3
The Board of Directors and the
staff of the Nebraska Dry Bean
Growers Association wish you a
most Happy and Prosperous New
Year!!
Nebraska Dry Bean Growers Association
955 E. Country Club Road, Suite B-1 * Gering, Nebraska 69341
Phone/Fax: 308-633-1387
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.beangrower.com
About The Bean Bag
The Bean Bag is a regional publication for the dry bean
industry targeted to growers and decision-makers involved
in the production and sales of Nebraska-grown dry edible
beans.
The Bean Bag is published five times a year as Spring,
Summer, Harvest, Winter, and Bean Day issues by the
Nebraska Dry Bean Growers Association, a nonprofit
organization of dry edible bean growers in Nebraska.
Publishing articles or advertisements in The Bean Bag does
not constitute an endorsement of the views or products by
the Nebraska Dry Bean Growers Association.
Materials published may be reproduced if credited to The
Bean Bag.
District I
Curtis Cloud
247-9851
David Howell
672-7998
Eric Lashley
232-4411
District II
Jeff Jenkins
623-2098
Dean Keener
635-2869
Jerry Mackie
436-7290
District III
Michael Hoehn
783-2356
John Maser Jr.
436-3667
Mario Pitts
637-4573
District IV
VACANT
VACANT
VACANT
At-Large
Mike Colson
762-2821
Dan Fitts
783-1919
Jeff Nichols
783-2472
Matt Thorson
760-6220
Ex-Officio Director
Dean Yonts 632-1246
Panhandle Research and Extension Center
Nebraska Dry Bean Commission Rep
Wes Ullrich 641-2772
Address all editorial, advertising and mailing material to:
The Bean Bag
955 E. Country Club Road, Suite B-1
Gering, Nebraska 69341
Subscriptions to The Bean Bag for Nebraska dry bean
producers are provided compliments of the Nebraska Dry
Bean Commission.
Others may purchase subscriptions for $25 a year by sending a check and subscription information to the Nebraska
Dry Bean Growers Association, 955 E. Country Club
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Page 4
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
BEAN DAY 2012 AGENDA
9:00
Registration
Coffee, rolls, and donuts
9:30
Welcome
Jeff Nichols, NDBGA President and Linda Boeckner, Director UN PREC
9:45
Panhandle Research and Extension Center
Jim Schild, Extension Educator: “Dry Bean Varieties and Irrigation”
Gary Hergert, Soil and Nutrient Management Specialist: “Fertilizer Update and Iron Chlorosis Research”
Bob Wilson, Weed Management Specialist: "The Importance of Dry Beans in Cropping Systems
Weed Management".
10:15 NDBGA
Annual meeting and elections
10:30 Nebraska Dry Bean Commission
25th Anniversary
10:45 United States Department of Agriculture
John Burge, Executive Director of the National Food and Agriculture Council in the Office of the
Secretary at USDA: “A Message from the Secretary” including budget, farm bill, and trade.
11:15 21st Century Water Technology
Tim Wolfe, Irrigation Division Manager: “Irrigation Technology Update”.
11:30 Break and door prizes
12:00 Lunch
12:45 U.S. Dry Bean Council
Jeanne Wharton, Executive Director: “US Beans in the International Scene.”
Report on USDBC activities.
1:15
Panhandle Research and Extension Center
Jeff Bradshaw, Entomology Specialist: "Good Bug, Bad Bug: Alternative Management Tactics
for Pests in Dry Beans".
Carlos Urrea, Dry Edible Bean Breeder Specialist: “Varietal Development”.
1:35
Platte Valley Bank
Paul Burgener, Ag Lender:
1:55
Legislative Update
2:15
Nebraska Water Balance Alliance
Lorre McKeone: “A Watershed Moment for Nebraska”
3:00
Grand Prize Drawing
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 5
Producing new chickpea varieties with resistance to Ascochyta blight
Carlos A. Urrea, Dry Bean Breeder; Robert M. Harveson, Plant Pathologist;
and John Thomas, Dry Bean Breeding Technologist
University of Nebraska- Panhandle Research & Extension Center
Chickpea production and consumption had been increasing rapidly from the years 2000-2006 in western Nebraska (1,500
acres in 2000 to almost 10,000 acres in 2006). Unfortunately, less than 300 acres were planted in 2007 and 2008 and fewer in
2009, 2010, and 2011. Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei), a seed-borne disease, is the most limiting disease found in the
Nebraska Panhandle, and worldwide. The pathogen attacks leaves, stem, and pods severely affecting seed quality and yield.
Identifying varieties with Ascochyta blight resistance will make production possible reducing pesticide use and lowering production costs. Chickpeas had been and still can be a profitable alternative crop for this area if production varieties with resistance to Ascochyta blight are developed.
2011 Experiments
The Western Regional Chickpea Trial provided by the USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, and 12 bulks selected from 2010 were
evaluated at the PHREC under irrigated conditions. Ascochyta blight was controlled as needed. Two fungicide treatments
(Headline and LEM 17 EC) were sprayed 15 days apart at flowering. The treatments were arranged in a split plot design,
where the fungicide treatment (protected vs. non-protected) was the main plot, and the chickpea lines were assigned as subplots. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. The accessions PHREC-Ca-Comp. #1 and PI 17256 were used as tolerant
checks. Data recorded was days to flowering, days to maturity, Ascochyta blight and root rot incidence and severity, yield,
and seed size.
In 2010,
PHREC-Ca-Comp. #1 (tested as PI Bulk) was released as source of Ascochyta blight resistance (Journal of Plant Registrations, Vol. 5, No. 1, January 2011). PHREC-Ca-Comp. #1 is a small, round, cream-colored kabuli type chickpea. It exhibits
an upright indeterminate growth habit. Plants averaged 26 inches in height and had excellent lodging resistance. PHREC-CaComp. #1 has a fern leaf structure, white flowers and blooms 44 days after planting. It is a midseason bean maturing 116
days after planting. Although seed size does not meet commercial standards, PHREC-Ca-Comp. #1 has value in breeding
programs as a source of Ascochyta blight resistance and high yield potential. Seed of PHREC-Ca-Comp. #1 was requested by
a National Program in India.
In 201l, average yield was reduced by 29.6% comparing protected vs. non-protected trials. On average, Ascochyta blight
incidence was higher under non-protected (33.8%) compared to protected (24.7%). These high values under non-protected
conditions reflect the fact that Ascochyta blight is seed transmitted.
From the 2011 Western Regional Trial, CA0469C025C, CA0469C020C, PHREC-Ca-Comp.#1 (released in 2010), and PI 17256 had the highest yields
under both protected (3042, 3900, 2983 and 2676 pounds/acre), respectively, and non-protected treatments (3077, 2997,
2650 and 2066 ponds/acre) , respectively. These lines also had significantly less Ascochyta blight incidence. Ascochyta
blight incidence under both non-protected and protected for CA0469C025C, CA0469C020C, PHREC-Ca-Comp.#1, and PI
17256 was of 10.0, 8.3, 13.3, 8.0, and 8.3, 6.7, 8.7, and 3.7%, respectively.
The commercial checks Sierra, Dylan, HB 14, HB 19, and Troy had the lowest yield under both protected (222, 1180,
283, 124, and 125 pounds/acre), and non-protected (217, 39, 171, 92, and 61 pounds/acre), respectively. These lines had a
higher Ascochyta blight incidence. Ascochyta blight incidence under non-protected and protected for Sierra, Dylan, HB 14,
HB 19, and Troy was 51.7, 56.7, 43.3, 38.3, 71.7%, and 43.3, 30.0, 38.3, 36.7 and 36.7 %, respectively.
Selected bulks from previous years had a 25.5% higher yield than the regional trial under protection and less Ascochyta
blight incidence.
In 2012, CA0469C025C, CA0469C020C, PHREC-Ca-Comp.#1, and selected bulks will be planted in growers’ fields
following the ‘Mother and Baby Trails’ scheme. These lines will be tested against the commercial checks grown in each
farmer fields.
Page 6
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
EFFECT OF SOIL COMPACTION AND IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT
ON YIELD AND ANTIOXIDANTS IN DRY BEAN PRODUCTION.
Carlos A. Urrea1*, Vicki Schlegel2, C. Dean Yonts1, and John Smith1.
1
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Panhandle Res. & Ext. Center, Scottsbluff, NE,
2
Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE.
Dry beans are rich source of the antioxidative agents, as flavonoids and phenolics. As secondary metabolites
of plants, these compounds enable the crop to defend against environmental extremes, pests, disease, and
damage. Crops containing higher antioxidant agents can also more effectively decrease the onset and progression of post-harvest infections and extend the shelf live. The main characteristic of an antioxidant is its
ability to trap free radicals that if left unchecked, can damage cellular proteins, lipids, and DNA leading to
cellular stress and a diseased state. In mammalian systems, this damage has been linked to cancer, heart disease, obesity related problems, and arthritis. Consumption of dietary systems that contain antioxidants containing can thus reduce risk of many chronic diseases prevalent throughout western cultures. As phenols /
flavonoids can be affected by market line and farming practices, the objective of our studies was to determine the effect of soil compaction and irrigation management on antioxidants and yield in dry bean production. Soil compaction not only restricts root function, but also promotes root diseases and increases herbicide injury as well as yield reduction in dry beans. Yields can also be affected by delaying the initiation of
irrigation and by the amount of water supplied.
Plots were established at Scottsbluff, NE in 2009 that included combinations of variety, water stress, and
soil compaction. A strip-split plot design was used to test the treatments. The strip corresponded to levels of
compaction [non-compacted, and heavily compacted (driving a tandem axel truck weighing 56,000 lbs)].
Soil was plowed, roller harrowed, compacted, and a tillage finish was applied. Herbicide was incorporated
and soil was leveled off with a tillage finish implement. Two irrigation treatments were assigned to subplots,
including full irrigation (100%), and no supplemental irrigation (0%) after flowering. Nine varieties, six
great northern Marquis, Matterhorn, 99-131, Emerson, Orion, Tara, Beryl-R, and 2 pinks Roza, and UI-537
were assigned to the sub-plots. Plots were uniformly irrigated through beginning of flowering to avoid early
plant loss due to the combination of soil compaction and water stress.
Yield was significantly affected by soil compaction and irrigation scheduling. Yields were reduced by 67%
and 39% when soil was heavily compacted and none irrigated, respectively. Delaying the initiation of irrigation by one and two weeks also delayed maturity by 3 and 6 days, and affected yield by 5 and 15%, respectively. However, total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidative activity (AOX) were not affected by soil compaction and irrigation scheduling, but the Roza and UI-537 pink lines possesed highly significant antioxidants compared with the great northern tested in this study (Table 1). These studies show the ruggedness of
the two different market across lines and farming conditions in terms of their antioxidant agents. Studies are
on-going to determine the effects of farming practices, market classes, and lines across years (2011).
Acknowledgements: Financial support provided by the Nebraska Dry Bean Commission for this work is
highly appreciated.
See “Soil” page 11
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 7
Performance of Pinto Variety Trials grown at two Nebraska locations in 2011
Carlos A. Urrea and John Thomas, Dry Bean Breeder and Dry Bean Technologist, University of NebraskaPanhandle Research & Extension Center, respectively;
Dave Dietrich and Kinsey Park, Field Specialists, Stateline Bean Producers Cooperative
In 2011, the Stateline Bean Producers Cooperative conducted a pinto variety trial in Hemingford, NE at Flats Farms and
Bayard, NE at Henkel’ Farms. A total of fourteen commercial and experimental pinto lines were tested in replicated trials (4
replications) with 30-inch raw spacing. Average plot size for each replication of each variety was of 0.62 and 0.71 acres per
cultivar at Hemingford and Bayard, respectively. Both farms had sprinkler irrigation.
The average plant population varied between the locations. An early hail storm reduced the plant population at Bayard to
46,762 plants/acre compared to Hemingford at 68,977 plants/acre.
Sinaloa (6203) and Montrose had the top yields at both the Hemingford location (2,586 and 2,555 lbs/acre) respectively, and
at the Bayard location (3,031 and 2,880 lbs/acre) respectively (Tables 1 and 2). Sonora has upright plant architecture and
has the potential to be direct harvested compared to Montrose with a postrate and viny growth habit.
The trial will be repeated in 2012 growing season.
Agronomic data:
Flats Farms

Field was wheat in 2010.

Tillage was strip till using a 12 row 30” Schlagel.

Planter was a John Deere 12 row 30” Max Emerge planter.

The field was pivot irrigated.

Fertilizer applied was: 4.8 gallon 10-0-0-34, 1 gallon 12-0-0-26, 11 gallon 32-0-0 and .5 gallon zinc with the Schlagel.
Banded in a 2X2 at planting was 5gallon of 10-34-0, 4.5 gallon of 12-0-0-26, .5 gallon zinc.

Herbicide application was Roundup pre emergence and Basagran, Maxin, Raptor, Select, Crop Oil, Coron and Quadris
post applied in a 10” band.

Planting population was 74,000.

The field received substantial hail damage the first week of August.

Field was cut with a 6 row Pickett cutter and 12, 30” rows were combined in each strip.
Henkel’ Farms

Field was corn in 2010, stalks were grazed.

Tillage was strip till using an 8 row 30” Schlagel.

Planter was a John Deere 16 row 30” Max Emerge planter.

The field was pivot irrigated.

A Roundup burn down was used prior to planting.

Another application of Roundup plus Outlook was used 3 days after planting and before emergence. Raptor Result was
applied post emergence for weed control.

Planting population was 72,000.

Fertilizer applied side dress at planting was 8 lbs. Nitrogen, 22 lbs. Phosphate and 4 lbs. zinc.

The field was cultivated one time and Headline and Copper was applied to aid plant health and help protect from bacterial issues.
See “Pintos” on page 8
Page 8
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
“Pintos” continued from page 7

The field received heavy rain and hail several times during the growing season, including prior to emergence, during
emergence and again in early August.

Stand counts were reduced significantly due to environmental damage which injured plants at emergence.

Beans were cut with a 6 row Pickett cutter and 12, 30” rows were combined in each strip.
Table 1. Stateline Pinto Variety Trial conducted at Flats Farms at Hemingford, NE during 2011.
Entry
Yield
TWT
Dirt
Splits Damage
Seed Size
Seed Coat
no. ID
lbs/acre lbs/bu
%
%
%
seeds/100 g
%
3
7
6
10
1
2
9
4
5
8
6203 (Sinaloa)
Montrose
Poncho
La Paz
6185
6189
Windbreaker
ND 307
99‐195
Medicine Hat
GRAND MEAN
LSD 5 %
CV %
2586
2555
2482
2442
2433
2371
2347
2309
2301
2039
2386
273
5.6
57.9
58.6
58.8
57.4
58.2
57.6
56.7
56.7
56.6
57.4
57.6
1.7
1.5
0.9
1.1
0.7
1.3
1.3
1.2
0.7
0.5
1.9
1.1
1.1
0.8
37.1
1.7
1.2
1.3
1.7
1.0
1.5
1.3
1.1
3.1
2.1
1.6
1.6
48.6
2.4
0.7
0.8
4.2
3.2
2.3
1.0
0.6
8.6
0.4
2.4
6.5
131.1
269
260
256
272
273
265
258
267
288
263
267
18.6
3.4
2.3
1.8
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.0
1.0
4.3
1.8
1.7
46.4
Table 2. Stateline Pinto Variety Trial conducted at Henkel’ Farms at Bayard, NE during 2011.
Split
s
Entry
Yield
TWT
Dirt
Damage
Seed Size
Seed Coat
no.
ID
lbs/acre lbs/bu
%
%
%
seeds/100 g
%
3
7
10
9
4
2
5
8
6
1
6203 (Sinaloa)
Montrose
La Paz
Windbreaker
ND 307
6189
99‐195
Medicine Hat
Poncho
6185
GRAND MEAN
LSD 5 %
CV %
3031
2880
2852
2824
2794
2767
2724
2663
2578
2556
2767
421
7.46
58.9
58.7
59.0
57.6
57.1
59.4
58.6
59.7
57.4
56.7
58.3
1.7
1.4
2.2
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.6
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.0
37.6
1.3
1.7
1.7
1.2
1.7
1.8
2.2
2.8
1.8
2.3
1.9
1.4
38.1
1.2
1.9
1.6
2.1
1.4
2.7
2.6
3.3
2.3
0.9
2.0
2.0
48.6
281
284
275
262
255
299
274
305
281
263
278
29
5
4.8
5.8
7.0
5.5
8.3
7.0
13.3
7.5
7.8
12.5
7.9
4.6
28.4
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 9
Continuing Studies on Bacterial Wilt in Dry Beans
Robert M. Harveson, Extension Plant Pathologist and Carlos A. Urrea, Dry Bean Breeder
University of Nebraska, Panhandle REC, Scottsbluff, NE
Introduction
Bacterial wilt, caused by the bacterium, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens
(Cff), was an endemic problem in dry bean production in western Nebraska during the 1960’s and
early 1970’s, presumably through seedborne transmission and dissemination. It re-appeared
again over the last decade after 30 year absence. It now appears to be widely distributed in our
area, being detected from more 400 fields throughout the Central High Plains. Because the pathogen has apparently become well established in Nebraska, we now need to address it as we would
with any other traditional bacterial disease such as halo or common blight.
Disease development and secondary spread throughout fields are similar for all four bacterial diseases (common and halo blights, brown spot, and wilt) found in dry beans. Important factors that promote new infections and further spread throughout fields include: planting infected
seed, planting beans in close proximity to infected fields from the previous year, or using reduced
tillage methods of land preparation.
However, successful chemical control among these bacterial diseases has been very inconsistent. Increased economic returns have been observed for bacterial brown spot and halo blight
in dry beans after applying of copper-based chemical products. Successful management of infection from common blight has been less successful and more variable among and between locations, but it was unknown how effective copper would be for wilt. We have conducted studies
funded by the Nebraska Dry Bean Commission over the last two seasons (2010-2011) with the
primary objective of evaluating the efficacy of various commercially available copper-containing
products for reducing losses and disease severity in dry beans due to bacterial wilt.

Methodology
Study conducted in a research field utilizing drip irrigation

Utilized copper-based chemical spray treatments 7-10 days apart beginning approximately 40
days after emergence (flowering)
See “Wilt” on page 10
Page 10
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
“Wilt” continued from page 9

Study included four treatments (control, 1, 2, and 3 applications)

Disease incidence counts made 4 times (mid July, early and mid August, and early September)

Standard yield (seed yield and size) parameters collected at harvest
Results
No statistically significant differences were seen for any of the spray treatments with any collected yield or disease data for either year. However, we did observe an increase of 200 and 250
lbs per acre with the treatments applying two and three applications, respectively (Figure 1) in
2011.
Conclusions
Genetic resistance will ultimately be the most cost effective method for management. However, with the exception of ‘Emerson’, no other commercial varieties are available with adequate
levels of resistance. We are currently working on developing new resistant varieties (see below),
but it will still be several years until we have something commercially available. Furthermore,
there are few chemical options available for bacterial diseases in general. Copper based sprays
are the exception and have been effective for some diseases in Nebraska, but not others. Although the data from 2011 showed an improved yield response to copper applications, it is likely
impractical to expect growers to make three applications during a season. We are attempting to
modify this approach in 2012 using a different type of inoculation of plots and include some other
products in addition to copper.
Wilt Resistance Breeding Update
We have screened both dry bean core collections from the National Pant Germplasm System (NPGS, USA, 424 accessions) and from the International Center for Tropical Agriculture
(CIAT, Palmira, Colombia, 1,700 accessions) to one of the bacterial wilt isolates. From both core
collections, 2,108 were susceptible (99.2%) and 16 (0.8% were resistant). The 16 resistant accessions were screened against 6 different bacterial wilt isolates and continued to show resistance.
These accessions included 9 wild beans, 4 Phaseolus coccineus or scarlet runner beans, 1
Phaseolus acutifolius or tepary beans, and 2 cultivated beans.
Resistant genotypes will be crossed through hybridization to the susceptible cultivars Orion
and Myasi. Resistant genotypes including Emerson will be crossed among them
See “Wilt” on page 12
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 11
“Soil” continued from page 6
Table 1. Phenols, flavonoids, AOX, and yield of the nine cultivars tested at Mitchell, NE, during 2009.
1.
Market Class—
Line
Phenols
(mg g-1)
Marquis
Matterhorn
Gemini
Emerson
Orion
Tara
UI537
Beryl-R
Roza
1.09
1.16
0.96
1.16
1.21
1.11
2.73*
1.12
3.15*
Flavonoids
(mg g-1)
0.21
0.23
0.21
0.22
0.26
0.24
0.79*
0.22
0.90*
AOX
(μmole Trolox g-1)
2686
2895
3198
2571
3100
3094
4495*
2800
4817*
In the Jewish New Year celebration, what is eaten to symbolize a sweet new year?
Apples and honey
Chocolate
Fruit cake
Honey cake
to obtain the F1
Pinto
BEANS
NORTHERN
FEED & BEAN
PINTO BEAN GROWERS
NO, IT‘S NOT TOO EARLY!
It‘s time to be thinking about your Pinto Bean Seed
And MARKETING NEEDS for 2012!
Visit our booth at Nebraska Dry Bean Day
January 10, 2012
CALL for more Pinto Seed information
and new crop price ideas!
 Pinto Bean Processing & Marketing
 Certified Seed
 Field Consulting
 New Crop Contracting
Serving Growers in Colorado, Wyoming & Nebraska For Over 50 Years
MAIN OFFICE Lucerne Elevator  Lucerne, CO
800-316-2326  970-352-7875
Larry Lande, Bob Brunner, Dean Larson
Receiving Locations:
Roggen, CO  Johnstown, CO  Brush, CO  Torrington, WY
BEAN DAY 2012 VENUE CHANGE
TO GERING CIVIC CENTER
January 10
The Nebraska Dry Bean Growers Association is
happy to announce that this year’s Bean Day will be
held at the Gering Civic Center at 1050 M Street in
Gering, Nebraska. We are looking forward to using
this wonderful facility to entertain and educate our
members and friends. The Civic Center has proved
to be a very successful addition to our city and we
are proud to host our event in such a comfortable
and convenient place. Although there will be no
bean cook-off this year, the day will be similar to
past events with vendors, speakers, rolls and coffee
during registration, and lunch will be served. Please
see the agenda on page 3.
Page 12
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
“Wilt” continued from page 10
to obtain the F1 hybrid generation to verify if the genes of resistance are different. F1 generation
will be advanced to F2 through selfing. The F2 will be backcrossed to both parental lines (resistant
and susceptible). The six generations from each cross (P1, P2, F1, F2, BCF1P1, and BC1F1P2)
will be inoculated with bacterial wilt to confirm the segregation and verify the genetics of resistance.
DNA from the most extreme F2 segregants (those with very high or very low tolerance) will be
pooled to create susceptible and tolerant DNA bulk. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers
between the parents and the resistant and susceptible bulk will be subsequently screened against
the entire F2 population. At the end, we will be able to localize the position of the bacterial wilt resistant genes in the chromosomes. Currently, we are going to start transferring the resistance of the
2 cultivated resistant beans to the elite UNL bean breeding lines through hybridization.
Figure 1. Results of 2011 study evaluating copper as a potential management tool for bacterial wilt.
3200
3100
3000
2900
2800
2700
2600
Control
1 Applic
2 Applic
2. What is the Jewish New Year called?
Hanukkah Yom Kippur
Rosh Hashanah
3 Applic
Bar Mitzvah
3. In Italy, what do people do on New Year’s Day to bring good luck in the coming year?
Go to mass
Wear red underwear
Eat black-eyed peas
All of the above
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 13
New Year’s Word Search
F
W
S
R
E
S
O
L
U
T
I
O
N
S
D
N
E
V
P
Z
Q
S
I
J
Q
P
P
E
O
D
E
S
I
S
Find the following words in this puzzle
S
R
J
B
N
M
S
U
J
K
I
L
R
D
I
Y
Z
C
A
L
E
N
D
A
R
S
S
H
A
J
M
N
C
Q
G
Z
Z
K
H
U
O
D
E
K
U
N
A
E
E
Q
J
AULD
HATS
LANG
JANUARY
H
E
L
U
X
M
N
M
T
Q
R
G
H
L
M
O
U
SYNE
KISS
H
A
U
E
H
N
A
U
S
H
M
O
E
X
H
K
E
BABY
MIDNIGHT
D
E
T
I
N
K
E
S
G
D
G
B
W
L
Y
K
B
NOISEMAKERS
Q
X
F
S
E
K
E
W
G
S
R
I
E
E
A
L
Q
CALENDAR
PARADE
X
R
S
R
C
M
Y
R
Y
A
T
D
N
S
R
I
U
CELEBRATION
PARTIES
U
I
S
O
I
Z
M
B
T
E
A
S
A
D
K
I
H
K
H
L
T
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W
H
W
I
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F
N
O
C
O
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A
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X
S
O
NEWYEAR
CLOCK
RESOLUTIONS
CONFETTI
TIMESSQUARE
COUNTDOWN
FIREWORKS
Bridgeport Office
9260 S Railroad Ave.
PO Box 803
Bridgeport, NE 69336
Phone: 308-262-1222
Fax: 308-262-1227
TOASTS
Gering Office
801 Railroad Street
PO Box 397
Gering, NE 69341
Phone: 308-436-2186
Fax: 308-436-2339
Page 14
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
25th Anniversary
Nebraska Dry Bean Commission will celebrate 25th Anniversary in 2012
Over twenty-five years ago, a dedicated group of dry bean growers and processors began to see the benefits
of organizing a check-off funded mechanism to support Nebraska’s dry bean industry thereby creating the
Nebraska Dry Bean Commission in l987.
The Dry Bean Resources Act was created by the Nebraska Legislature in March of l987 and signed into
law by Governor Kay Orr. The Dry Bean Resources Act created the Nebraska Dry Bean Commission with
the check-off rate of 6 cents per hundredweight. The Commission’s primary function, as defined by the
Legislature, is to adopt and devise a dry bean program consisting of research, education, advertising, publicity and promotion to increase the total consumption of dry beans on a state, national and international
basis.
Over the past twenty-four years the Nebraska Dry Bean Commission has been able to invest check-off revenue to support dry bean research projects at the University of Nebraska Panhandle Research and Extension Center, state and national promotional programs through memberships with the American Dry Bean
Board and the National Dry Bean Council (most recently US Dry Bean Council).
The Nebraska Dry Bean Commission’s 2012 Bean Day Program will share the highlights of the past twenty-four years and recognize the past members of the Nebraska Dry Bean Commission for their efforts in
keeping Nebraska’s dry bean industry a leader in the US dry bean industry.
4. Ecuador has a unique New Year’s Eve tradition, the burning of “old years” in public places.
What are they?
Bonfires
Old clothes
Newspapers and magazines from the previous year
Effigies representing people and events from the previous year
5. Under which of the following calendars is New Year’s Day observed on January 1?
Christian
Roman
Julian
Gregorian
6. In the United States, the coming of the New Year is celebrated by the lowering of a gigantic
crystal ball. Where does this event take place?
Yankee
Central
Park
Times
Square
Stadium
Statue
Of
Liberty
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 15
Evaluation of 103 Dry Bean Entries in 2011 for
Performance at the Scottsbluff and Mitchell Ag Labs
2011 Dry Edible Bean Variety Trials, Scottsbluff and Mitchell Ag Labs
The 2011 dry bean variety trials were planted at two locations this past year. A Great Northern and
Pinto trial was planted at the Mitchell Ag Lab. All market classes were planted at the Scottsbluff Ag
Lab.
The Mitchell Pinto and Great Northern trials were planted with a Hege cone planter on June 3. The
Scottsbluff trial was planted on June 7. Seeding rates of 85,000 seeds per acre were used for all
market classes except the kidneys which were planted at the rate of 100,000 seeds per acre. The
herbicides Sonalan and Eptam were incorporated prior to planting. Treatments were replicated 4
times. Fertilizer was applied according to soil test recommendations. Row width was 22 inches.
Plot size was 4 rows wide by 25 feet long. Stands were poor at all sites due to a number of wind
and hail storms that occurred during the month of June. All sites were rotary hoed to aid in emergence. The Scottsbluff sites were furrow irrigated and the Mitchell site was sprinkler irrigated.
Fields
were irrigated every 7 to 9 days from mid July to late August.
The Mitchell Pinto and Great Northern field was undercut on September 19 and the center two rows
of each plot were harvested with a Wintersteiger plot combine with a finger pickup attachment on
September 20 and 21. The Scottsbluff trial was undercut on Sept. 26. The Great Northern material
was harvested on September 27, the CDBN and Pinto on September 28 and the variety trial on
September 29.
Yields in the following tables are corrected to 14 % moisture.
See “Trials” on page 18
Page 16
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
Response of Dry Beans to Iron
Gary W. Hergert and Jim Schild
It has been known for many years that dry beans are sensitive to iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC). Past research showed responses to foliar solutions of iron sulfate but this has not been adopted as common practice. Iron
chelates have also been used to treat IDC in many crops but there is limited information for dry beans. This study
was designed to determine whether the addition of seed-placed FeEDDHA (iron chelate) in solution will provide
significant yield improvement for high pH calcareous soils in the High Plain dry bean growing region.
Procedure:
Preliminary studies in 2010 compared in-row application of FeEDDHA (SoyGreen®) in a replicated strip
trial on three dry bean varieties versus a check. The FeEDDHA was dissolved in water and applied at 1 pound of
material per acre in 9 gallons of water at planting in the seed furrow. The salt index of the FeEDDHA is very low
and does not cause plant injury. Beans with no FeEDDHA showed early season symptoms of IDC. Yield response from the treatment was excellent (Table 1) although beans yields were low. Averaged across varieties,
yield was increased by 500 pounds per acre with the Fe treatment.
Table 1. Yield of dry beans treated with SoyGreen in 2010.
Treatment
Check
1.0#
SoyGreen
Matterhorn
Variety/Market Class
Marquis (GN)
LaPaz (P)
1770a
Pounds per acre
1470a
1850a
2590b
1980b
2160b
*Values followed by a different letter are significantly different at the 0.05 level of probability using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.
Based on these results a larger experiment was planned in 2011. A furrow-irrigated field at the PHREC
station previously in corn was used. The soil is a Tripp fine sandy. Soil analyses are listed in Table 2. DTPA
levels of Fe and Zn were in the mild deficiency range. The Mn level was adequate. Based on soil tests, 60
pounds of N was applied preplant and incorporated before planting.
Table 2. Soil test values for the 2011 dry bean Fe research.
Soil test parameter
Year
2011
pH
8.3
Organic
Matter
Olsen P
1.5%
16 ppm
NO3-N
#/3 feet
DTPA-Fe
ppm
DTPA-Zn
ppm
DTPA-Mn
ppm
60
3.7
0.6
3.2
Four dry bean varieties representing two market classes were selected because they are planted on over 75%
of the western NE, eastern WY area according to area dry bean field men. The four varieties were Marquis
(GreatNorthern), Orion (GN), Poncho (Pinto) and Montrose (P). Plots were 6-rows wide in 22 inch rows with
See “Iron” on page 17
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 17
“Iron” continued from page 16
six replications. A John Deere 71 plate planter was equipped with a small electric fertilizer pump to apply a water
solution of FeEDDHA products (AG Specialties and SoyGreen®) at 6 gallons per acre. Plots were planted June 8
at ~80,000 seeds per acre. Plant population was counted July 12. Plots were undercut on September 19 and the
center two rows were plot combine harvested September 22. Two separate experiments were conducted: one using West Central’s SoyGreen and the other using AG Specialties FeEDDHA. Treatments using SoyGreen were:
an untreated check, 0.5 pounds SoyGreen, 1.0 pounds of SoyGreen and 2.0 pounds of SoyGreen per acre. AG
specialties treatments were: an untreated check, 1.5 pounds of AG FeEDDHA per acre, and 3.0 pounds of AG
FeEDDHA per acre.
Results:
Soil moisture conditions at planting were somewhat dry but most beans were planted into moist soil. A heavy
rainfall and hail occurred June 16 just as beans were beginning to emerge. The field was rotary hoed to break soil
crusting within 2 days. The final stand was adequate for most varieties (about 40,000 plants per acre, data not
shown).
Considering the low plant populations and hail effects, dry bean yields were very good (Tables 3 and 4).
The field was sprayed with a mixture of Kocide and Headline following the June 16 hail. There was some common blight but little other disease pressure. Seed yields did show some increases from Fe treatments (Tables 3
and 4).
For SoyGreen (Table 3), statistical analysis showed significant treatment effects for two varieties and not
the other two. Statistical tests comparing the check versus the yields of the 1 and 2 pound SoyGreen treatments
showed significant increases for Orion, Montrose and Poncho. Yield increases ranged from 200 to 470 pounds
per acre which would be economical at current dry bean prices ($40/hundred weight) even for the 2 pound rate.
Table 3. SoyGreen (SG) Fe treatment effects on dry bean yield in 2011.
Treatment
Marquis
Check
0.5# SG
1# SG
2# SG
Variety/(Market Class)
Orion (GN)
Poncho (P)
Montrose (P)
--------------------Pounds per acre-------------------2830a
3170b_
2890c_
2780b_
2960a
3230ab
3160ab
2810ab
2840a
3410a_
3400a_
2980a_
2850a
3410a_
3340a_
2900a_
*Values followed by a different letter are significantly different at the 0.1 level of probability using Duncan’s
Multiple Range Test.
Statistical analysis of the AG Specialties test showed significant treatment effects for two varieties and not the
other two. Statistical ingle degree of freedom tests comparing the check versus the yields from the 3 pound
FeEDDHA treatment showed significant increases for Montrose and Poncho. Yield increases ranged from 180 to
250 pounds per acre which would be economical at current dry bean prices ($40/hundred weight) depending on
product price per pound.
Page 18
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
“Trials” continued from page 15
Sco sbluff
Market
Yield
Variety
PV 08159
Orion
PV 08148
PV 03138
PV 05106
Matterhorn
PV 06107
NE 1-10-20
PV 07111
Marquis
Rog 591
GN 6039057
Gemini
PV 08162
Beryl R
PV 08166
PV 03154
PV 08165
Coyne
Ivory
NE 1-08-29
Prairie
NE 1-08-16
NE 1-08-9
Mean
LSD 5%
CV
Class
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
LBS/A
3873
3857
3806
3741
3684
3669
3638
3610
3545
3545
3511
3504
3419
3399
3393
3393
3381
3297
3260
3197
3196
3189
2991
2832
3455
375
7.7
Moist
10.0
10.2
10.3
10.7
10.4
9.6
10.3
10.2
10.4
10.7
9.9
9.5
10.1
10.7
10.1
10.8
10.0
11.0
10.9
9.8
10.5
10.1
10.6
11.3
10.3
0.4
2.6
Test
Days to
Days to
Wt
62.3
60.8
62.5
61.7
60.8
59.2
60.9
59.7
61.6
62.7
62.0
59.5
61.4
60.2
62.7
60.6
59.8
59.1
61.4
60.3
59.7
61.1
61.5
61.4
60.9
0.6
0.7
Flower
48.0
45.3
45.3
47.8
48.5
47.3
47.8
46.5
43.0
46.3
42.8
46.5
44.5
47.5
46.5
46.0
46.5
48.0
46.8
45.3
48.3
43.8
50.3
47.8
46.5
2.3
3.5
Maturity
90.5
90.8
91.0
96.5
92.5
90.5
92.5
95.5
91.3
95.0
90.3
90.0
90.5
97.8
90.8
92.0
89.3
94.8
92.0
89.0
97.3
90.5
91.8
95.0
92.4
3.0
2.3
See “Trials” on page 20
7. In many places, the coming of the new year is celebrated by singing the traditional Scottish
song “Auld Lang Syne”. What does “auld lang syne” mean?
New Year’s Day
Till we meet again
1-1-12
Sweet memories
Old long ago
8. How is the new year festival of Songkran celebrated in Thailand?
Visiting family
Parading statues of Buddha
Throwing water at passers-by
All of the above
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 19
“Iron” continued from page 14
Table 4. AG Specialties Fe treatment effects on dry bean yield in 2011.
Treatment
Marquis
Check
1.5# EDDHA
3.0# EDDHA
Variety/(Market Class)
Orion (GN)
Poncho (P)
Montrose (P)
--------------------Pounds per acre-------------------2830a
3170a
2890a
2790a_
2900a
3200a
3160b
2920ab
2920a
3350a
3290b
3100b_
*Values followed by a different letter are significantly different at the 0.1 level of probability using Duncan’s
Multiple Range Test.
This past year, iron deficiency chlorosis was not severe on dry beans in this area. The plot site selected
was high pH, calcareous and with a marginal DTPA-Fe level. The plots were not scored for chlorosis because
weekly visual observations did not show enough difference to warrant recording values. The preliminary work in
2010 on a similar site showed significant early chlorosis and yield increases averaged over 400 pounds per acre
with 1 pound of SoyGreen. More years will be required to fully evaluate FEEDDHA effects on dry bean yields in
Page 20
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
“Trials” continued from page 18
Mitchell
Variety
Marquis
NE 1-10-20
PV 05106
PV 03138
Gemini
PV 07111
GN 6039057
Orion
PV 08162
NE 1-08-29
Matterhorn
PV 03154
PV 08148
Prairie
Beryl R
PV 08165
PV 08166
PV 06107
NE 1-08-9
PV 08159
Rog 591
NE 1-08-16
Coyne
Ivory
Mean
LSD 5%
CV
Market
Class
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
Yield
LBS/A
3466
3443
3359
3339
3210
3174
3137
3136
3055
3002
2966
2938
2933
2919
2904
2754
2751
2737
2724
2662
2580
2560
2558
2518
2951
467
11.2
Moist
10.2
9.9
10.5
10.4
10.3
10.5
9.8
10.3
10.7
10.2
9.9
10.3
10.0
10.0
9.9
10.3
10.5
10.3
10.4
10.2
9.8
10.4
10.3
9.9
10.2
0.4
2.0
Test
Wt
60.9
58.6
58.9
61.0
59.5
60.2
57.6
58.5
58.5
57.6
57.2
57.9
61.6
59.7
60.2
58.8
59.4
59.1
60.1
60.4
60.1
59.8
60.1
58.8
59.3
0.6
1.0
Days to
Flower
44.8
45.3
45.0
44.8
44.3
44.3
44.3
44.5
43.8
43.8
44.3
43.5
44.3
45.5
44.8
45.0
44.0
44.3
44.5
45.3
44.5
44.3
45.0
45.3
44.5
2.3
2.7
Days to
Maturity
93.0
89.3
89.0
90.5
89.3
89.5
86.3
90.5
91.8
91.0
88.8
91.3
87.3
87.5
89.8
87.5
89.5
90.3
90.5
88.3
85.8
90.0
89.0
87.8
89.3
3.0
1.9
See “Trials” on page 21
9. What determines the date of the Chinese New Year?
The first full moon after the winter solstice
The second new moon after the winter solstice
The Friday after the first full moon after the winter solstice
None of the above
10. Why do the Chinese celebrate the New Year
letting off firecrackers?
To commemorate departed family members
To encourage good luck in the coming year
To scare away evil spirits
by
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 21
“Trials” continued from page 20
Sco sbluff
Variety
La Paz
GTS‐907
Sinaloa (06203)
Grand Mesa
Windbreaker
Sonora
PV 06189
Poncho
COB‐2824‐99
GTS‐904
Montrose
NE 2‐08‐15
PV 07167 (LP‐7)
Othello
99‐195
PV 05200
PV 06185
PV 99217
COB‐816‐03
Bill Z
NE 2‐08‐17
Galeena (99195MR)
Durango
Croissant
NE 2‐06‐8
Mariah
Baja
CO 55646(Longs Peak)
99‐217
CO 24972
Buckskin
GTS‐903
Mean
LSD 5%
CV
Market
Class
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Yield
LBS/A
4235
4185
3941
3898
3881
3820
3816
3735
3612
3572
3565
3560
3542
3518
3504
3423
3403
3397
3376
3346
3331
3324
3321
3274
3246
3169
3145
3069
3038
2997
2940
2867
3470
464
10.0
Moist
10.4
9.8
10.1
10.1
9.5
10.0
10.5
9.8
9.8
9.8
9.7
10.6
10.4
9.6
10.6
9.2
11.6
10.1
11.0
9.8
11.4
10.8
9.6
10.0
10.1
10.1
9.6
10.5
10.1
14.5
9.4
11.9
10.3
0.8
5.4
Test
Wt
60.9
59.4
61.2
59.8
57.6
59.9
60.4
60.2
59.1
59.0
59.6
56.8
60.9
59.8
60.5
60.4
60.9
60.3
60.5
58.8
56.0
60.4
60.1
60.0
58.3
60.2
60.0
58.6
59.4
59.9
59.3
60.1
59.6
0.8
0.9
Days to
Flower
49.8
46.5
47.0
48.5
46.8
49.5
50.0
44.8
48.8
48.8
47.5
51.0
49.5
46.0
50.0
47.8
51.0
46.3
51.5
44.8
50.3
52.0
45.8
47.3
47.5
50.8
44.3
47.3
45.0
49.8
43.8
50.0
48.1
2.4
3.6
Days to
Maturity
99.5
98.5
95.0
99.0
97.5
99.0
101.0
95.5
96.5
103.0
94.3
101.0
102.8
93.0
105.0
95.5
104.3
99.0
106.5
97.8
106.0
104.5
94.5
101.0
100.0
100.0
92.3
99.3
99.5
111.0
90.0
106.8
99.6
3.9
2.8
See “Trials” on page 22
Page 22
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
“Trials” continued from page 21
Mitchell
Variety
Galeena (99195MR)
99‐195
La Paz
GTS‐904
Sinaloa (06203)
Montrose
COB‐816‐03
PV 06185
GTS‐903
PV 06189
Windbreaker
Poncho
Bill Z
Durango
Sonora
GTS‐907
Market
Class
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Yield
LBS/A
4159
4143
4139
3906
3898
3793
3723
3584
3581
3567
3471
3426
3405
3351
3343
3310
CO 55646(Longs Peak)
PV 99217
NE 2‐08‐15
CO 24972
PV 07167 (LP‐7)
99‐217
Mariah
COB‐2824‐99
NE 2‐08‐17
Othello
Croissant
Baja
Grand Mesa
NE 2‐06‐8
Buckskin
PV 05200
Mean
LSD 5%
CV
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
Pinto
3276
3242
3241
3218
3119
3088
3086
3050
3044
2995
2869
2854
2843
2759
2553
2528
3330
672
14.4
Moist
10.2
10.3
11.0
10.4
10.9
10.2
10.4
10.6
10.4
10.6
10.4
9.9
10.2
10.5
10.0
10.4
Test
Wt
59.6
59.2
59.8
58.4
60.0
59.2
58.9
58.6
59.1
58.5
56.1
59.2
57.9
59.3
58.4
57.2
Days to
Flower
46.8
46.5
45.8
45.3
44.3
44.5
45.0
45.8
47.3
45.0
44.5
44.3
45.8
43.8
44.5
44.5
Days to
Maturity
92.5
92.8
91.0
93.5
90.0
89.5
92.8
91.3
93.8
90.8
89.8
88.0
89.8
87.3
90.0
90.0
13.2
10.1
10.3
11.3
9.9
10.1
10.3
10.1
10.1
9.8
10.9
10.0
9.9
10.4
9.9
9.3
10.4
1.0
6.9
58.0
59.2
54.1
59.8
59.3
58.7
58.4
57.0
54.7
58.6
59.3
58.6
57.1
57.1
56.5
57.4
58.2
1.0
1.3
47.3
44.5
45.8
44.8
44.3
45.0
46.0
44.0
46.3
43.8
50.0
43.8
44.8
45.5
43.8
46.0
45.3
1.6
2.6
94.5
89.5
93.5
94.0
89.3
88.0
88.5
88.0
92.3
86.0
94.5
85.3
89.0
92.3
87.0
86.5
90.3
2.3
1.8
See “Trials” on page 23
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 23
“Trials” continued from page 22
Sco sbluff
Market
Yield
Variety
PV 06253
B 5054545
B 6020035
Shania
PV 05222
GTS‐1103
Shadow
Lore o
PV 05226
PV 06252
Bandit
PV 04352
PV 09360
PV 09350
PV 09356
PV 06269
PV 09351
PV 09357
PV 09354
PV 09377
PV 09353
PV 007302
Foxfire
PV 09355
PV 09352
Pink Panther
PV 09378
PV 09363
Cal Early
Sac. Lite
GTS‐544
PV 99039‐3
Ensign
HMS Medalist
PV 03019
N 5039540
Navigator
PV 02084
Class
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
BLK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
LRK
Navy
Navy
Navy
Navy
Navy
Navy
Navy
Navy
LBS/A
3175
3151
3150
3138
3137
3121
3010
2976
2778
2610
2562
1846
3070
3013
2797
2748
2730
2712
2651
2640
2567
2476
2465
2391
2320
2314
2107
2051
1989
1594
3271
3240
3185
3147
3020
2758
2631
2490
Moist
9.9
8.9
9.5
9.9
9.7
10.2
9.5
9.7
9.7
10.3
10.0
10.6
9.6
9.2
9.4
9.5
9.0
9.0
9.6
10.3
9.3
9.8
8.8
9.9
9.1
9.2
8.8
8.9
9.0
8.9
9.9
10.8
9.9
10.5
10.5
10.1
10.5
10.5
Test
Days to
Days to
Wt
63.0
61.2
62.5
62.2
61.5
63.3
61.4
63.3
61.7
61.7
58.7
63.1
58.0
57.5
57.5
55.7
57.5
57.4
58.0
54.8
58.3
56.4
59.8
56.1
57.7
55.7
57.7
55.8
57.6
58.1
62.9
63.0
62.6
63.2
63.2
63.3
62.5
62.4
Flower
56
55
56
54
51
53
53
58
57
55
57
58
43
45
45
45
44
44
46
46
46
45
45
46
43
47
43
44
44
44
52
53
53
53
55
55
55
53
Maturity
104
96
106
106
98
106
102
105
98
109
107
109
95
96
98
95
89
91
104
97
98
104
92
99
91
94
90
86
86
87
99
108
98
107
108
109
104
105
See “Trials” on page 24
Page 24
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
“Trials” continued from page 23
Floyd
Viva
PV 09304
PV 07264
PV 06233
PV 09305
UI 239
PV 07261
NW 63
Mean
LSD 5%
CV
PK
PK
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
3070
2763
3763
3608
3503
3495
3464
3296
2983
2827
520
13.2
10.0
10.3
10.1
10.1
9.9
9.9
9.9
9.3
10.1
9.7
0.5
3.7
61.2
62.1
62.0
63.1
63.8
62.8
64.0
61.2
64.3
60.4
1.6
1.9
49
52
56
50
48
55
48
49
48
50
3.4
4.9
Answers to New Year’s Trivia Quiz on page 25!!
94
108
104
104
91
103
98
92
102
99
5.5
4.0
Bean Day Issue
The Bean Bag
Page 25
NASS Ad
Trivia Quiz Answers!
1.
On Rosh Hashanah, people of the Jewish faith traditionally eat apples and hone in the hopes of a sweet new year.
2. The Jewish New Year celebration is known as Rosh Hashanah.
3. In Italy, they have a tradition of wearing red underwear and eating lentils and sausages on New Year’s Day to encourage good luck in the coming year
4. In Ecuador, people burn effigies representing people and events that had an impact, usually perceived as negative, on
the pervious year.
5. In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII made changes to improve the accuracy of the calendar used in the Christian world. It became known as the Gregorian Calendar and is still in use today.
6. Each Year, in Times Square, a gigantic crystal ball is lowered as the crowd counts down the final seconds of the year.
7. “Auld Lang Sine” means “old long ago”.
8.
Also known as the “Water Festival”, the Thai celebration of Songkran is a time when people visit their families and
bring out statues of Buddha from the temples, but it is best known for the tradition of throwing water. The water is said
to wash away bad luck.
9. The Chinese New Year falls on the second new moon after the winter solstice. The celebrations last fifteen days.
10. During the New Year celebrations, the Chinese light firecrackers to scar away evil spirits and misfortune.
.
Page 26
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
Post-Holiday Cooking
Time to get out of the kitchen and let slow-cookers and crock pots do the work for you! I guess
making cornbread from scratch doesn’t really count as getting out of the kitchen, but it sure
sounds good with ham and beans!
Emeril Lagasse’s Ham Hocks and Beans








2 tablespoons vegetable oil
8 medium smoked ham hocks, about 4 ounces each
2 cups chopped onions
1 pound dried navy white beans
Freshly ground black pepper
2 bay leaves
10 cups water
Salt
In a medium Dutch oven with a lid, over medium heat, add the oil. When the oil is hot,
sear the ham hocks in batches, until brown, about 4 to 6 minutes. Remove the ham hock
and set aside. Add the onions. Season with pepper. Saute for 2 minutes. Stir in the
beans and bay leaves. Season with pepper. Saute for 1 minute. Add the reserved ham
hocks and water. Bring to a boil and reduce the heat to medium low and simmer for 2
hours, or until the meat falls of the bone and the beans are creamy. Remove the bay
leaves and season with salt and pepper.
Paula Deen’s Vidalia Onion Cornbread
1/4 cup (1/2 stick) butter
1 large Vidalia or other sweet onion, chopped
1 (8-ounce) package cornbread/muffin mix
1 egg, beaten
1/3 cup whole milk
1 cup sour cream
1 cup grated sharp Cheddar, divided
1/4 teaspoon salt
1/4 teaspoon dried dill weed
Preheat the oven to 450 degrees F. Spray an 8-inch
square baking pan with vegetable oil cooking spray.
In a medium saucepan, melt the butter and saute the onion until tender, but not browned, for about 3 minutes.
Remove the pan from the heat and add the muffin mix,
egg, milk, sour cream, 1/2 cup of the cheese, the salt,
and dill weed. Stir to combine. Pour into the prepared pan
and top with the remaining 1/2 cup cheese. Bake for 30
minutes, until set and a toothpick inserted into the center
of the cornbread comes out clean. Allow to cool slightly
before cutting into squares.
Bean Day Issue
Pinto variety trials—See page 6
The Bean Bag
Page 27
Page 28
The Bean Bag
Bean Day Issue
Nebraska Dry Bean Commission
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