Giving Instructions
&
Directions
•Imperatives
Vikasana – Bridge Course 2012
Types of Sentences
• Declarative Sentence
• Interrogative Sentence
• Imperative Sentence
• Exclamatory Sentence
Vikasana – Bridge Course 2012
Types of Sentences
• A Declarative sentence tells
something. It ends with a period
(full stop).
e.g. We are learning Grammar.
I am in the recording studio.
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Types of Sentences
• An interrogative sentence asks a
question. It ends with a question
mark (?).
e.g. How are you?
Are you studying in class XI?
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Types of Sentences
• An Exclamatory sentence
expresses strong feelings.
It ends with an exclamation point
(!).
e.g. Yeah! We won the match.
Oh my God! I can’t believe it.
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Types of Sentences
• An Imperative sentence makes a
request, advice, command,
warning or suggestion.
It usually ends with a period (full
stop) and sometimes with an
exclamation (!).
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Examples
• Note down these points.
• Follow the traffic rules to avoid
accidents.
• Don’t quarrel with your friends.
• Go get your pen and note book.
• Practise these lessons regularly.
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Imperative sentences are
used to:
• Make requests
e.g. Please give me a ride to
school.
Please help me study for the
test.
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Imperative sentences
are used to:
• Give advice or make
suggestions:
e.g. Read at least a page a day.
Attend your classes
regularly.
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Imperative sentences
are used to:
• Give orders and commands
e.g. Be quiet.
Pull over to the side of the
road.
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Imperative sentences
are used to:
• Give warnings
e.g. Watch out!
Be careful!
Note: Strong commands can end
with an exclamation sign.
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Imperative sentences
are used to:
• To make informal invitations
e.g. Come to my home for study.
Join us for the dinner
tonight.
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Imperative sentences
are used to:
• Give instructions and directions
e.g. Handle with care.
Don’t use hooks.
Go straight and turn left to
exit.
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Q: How are imperative sentences
formed?
A: Imperative sentences are
formed with the help of base
verbs.
e.g. Follow the instructions
carefully.
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Framing an imperative
sentence:
• Base verb
e.g. write
• Base verb + Object
e.g. Write your name.
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Framing an imperative
sentence:
• Negative Auxiliary + Base verb
+ Object
e.g. Don’t waste paper.
Don’t play in the class.
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Note:
• The subject of an imperative
sentence is usually “you” but do
not say or write it.
e.g. (You) Please close the door.
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Note:
• The imperative form is the
same in both singular and plural
forms.
e.g. Chatur, stop talking.
Ram and Sham, stop
talking.
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When giving instructions follow
these tips
• Be thorough
Explain each step carefully – not only
what to do but how it should be done
(if possible).
• Be exact
Make sure the facts are precise.
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When giving instructions follow
these tips
• Be complete
Don’t leave out any steps.
• Be Clear
Keeping your sentences short.
Don’t confuse the listerner.
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When giving instructions follow
these tips
• Use chronological order
Remember to tell the steps for
the process in the exact order
you would do them.
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• When giving instructions, you
will want to use words or
expressions that show caution.
For e.g.
Make sure . . .
Don’t forget . . .
Remember to . . .
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• When giving instructions, you
will want to use words or
expressions that show caution.
For e.g.
Never . . .
Be sure to . . .
Ensure that . . .
Avoid . . .
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• When giving instructions you
will want to use transitions,
which show the time
relationship between the steps.
Examples are
First, . . .
Second, . . .
Third, . . .
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Next, . . .
Then, . . .
After that / this, . . .
Finally / Lastly . . . , . . .
Note: When we give
instructions we often use
dependent clauses beginning
with the words given above.
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Sequencing
First, (you) . . .
Then, (you) . . .
Next, (you) . . .
Lastly, (you) . . .
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Sequencing
First, jot down your points.
Then, frame proper sentences.
Next, arrange them in logical
order.
Lastly, put them into a
paragraph.
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How to withdraw money
from cash-dispenser?
•
•
•
•
Swipe your debit card
Choose your preferable language
Enter your PIN number
Select the transaction (cash
withdrawal)
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How to withdraw money
from cash-dispenser?
• Enter the amount of money (to
be withdrawn)
• Take the money from the slot
• Don’t forget to collect the slip.
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How to withdraw money
from cash-dispenser?
• First, swipe your debit card
• Second / After that, choose
your preferable language
• Third / The next step is to
enter your PIN
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How to withdraw money
from cash-dispenser?
• Then, enter the amount of
money (to be withdrawn)
• Lastly, collect the money from
the slot and don’t forget to
collect the transaction slip.
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Giving Directions
GO
along
THE
STREET
GO
straight
ON
GO up
THE
STREET
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Giving Directions
TURN
around
Turn
right
Turn
left
THE
CORNER
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Giving Directions
A - Excuse me, how
can I get to the
castle?
B - Go along this road,
then turn left and
continue for about
100 metres.
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Giving Directions
B - Then take the
second turning on
the right. Go
straight on for
about 150 metres.
The castle is at
the end of the
road, opposite the
cinema.
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Starting out
•
•
•
•
Before you begin,
The first thing to do is . . . .
The best way to begin is . . .
To begin with,
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Continuing
•
•
•
•
After that,
The next thing to do is . . . .
The next step is to . . .
When you finish that,
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Finishing
•
•
•
•
The last step,
The last thing to do . . . .
In the end . . .
When you have finished that,
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