IONIC COMPOUNDS
Molecular & Ionic Compounds
Heme
NaCl
NH4+
Cl-
ammonium chloride, NH4Cl
Properties of Ionic Compounds
Some Ionic Compounds
Forming NaCl from Na and Cl2
Ca2+ + 2 F- ----->
> CaF2
• A metal atom can
transfer an
electron to a
nonmetal.
• The resulting
cation and anion
are attracted to
each other by
Mg2+ + NO3- ------->
>
Mg(NO3)2
magnesium nitrate
Fe2+ + PO43- ------->
>
Fe3(PO4)2
iron(II) phosphate
calcium fluoride
electrostatic
forces.
Electrostatic Forces
Electrostatic Forces
COULOMB’S LAW
Force of attraction =
(charge on +)(charge on -)
(distance between ions) 2
As ion charge increases, the attractive force
_______________.
As the distance between ions increases, the
attractive force ________________.
The oppositely charged ions in ionic
compounds are attracted to one another by
ELECTROSTATIC FORCES.
These forces are governed by COULOMB’S
LAW.
This idea is important and will come up
many times in future discussions!
Page 1
Molecular Compounds
Importance of Coulomb’s Law
Compounds without Ions
CO2 Carbon dioxide
NaCl, Na+ and Cl-,
m.p. 804 oC
MgO, Mg2+ and O2m.p. 2800 oC
CH4 methane
Naming Molecular
CompoundsCompounds
-use prefixes
CO2 Carbon dioxide
CH4 methane
BCl3
boron trichloride
BCl3 boron trichloride
Polyatomic Ions
All are
formed from
two or more
nonmetals.
o
eta s
Ionic
compounds
generally
involve a metal
and nonmetal
(NaCl)
HNO3
nitric acid
Polyatomic Ions
NO3nitrate ion
Review Naming Compounds
1. CuCl
2. NF3
3. Mg(NO2)2
4. CaBr2
5. AgCl
6. Al2O3
7. SnO2
8. Fe(C2H3O2)2
9. NO
10. Br2
NH4+
ammonium ion
One of the few common
polyatomic cations
Page 2
Review Naming Compounds
1. CuCl
2. NF3
3. Mg(NO2)2
4. CaBr2
5. AgCl
6. Al2O3
7. SnO2
8. Fe(C2H3O2)2
9. NO
10. Br2
Copper (I) chloride
Nitrogen trifluoride
Magnesium nitrite
Calcium bromide
Silver chloride
Aluminum oxide
Tin (IV) oxide
Iron (II) acetate
Nitrogen monoxide
Bromine
Page 3