Metadata on the
Exchange rate statistics
Last updated 18 July 2016
Afghanistan
Capital
Kabul
Central bank
Da Afghanistan Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.gov.af/
Currency
Afghani
ISO currency code
AFN
Subunits
100 puls
Currency circulation
Afghanistan
Legacy currency
Afghani
Legacy currency's ISO currency AFA
code
Conversion rate
1,000 afghani (old) = 1 afghani (new)
with effect from 7 October 2002
Currency history
7 October 2002: Introduction of the new afghani (AFN)
conversion rate: 1,000 afghani (old) = 1 afghani (new)
IMF membership
Since 14 July 1955
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 05 September 2010: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
06 September 2010 - 31 March 2011: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 April 2011: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.AFN.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.AFN.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.AFN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AFN.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.AFN.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.AFN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.AFN.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.AFN.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.AFN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AFN.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.AFN.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.AFN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Albania
Capital
Tirana
Central bank
Bank of Albania
Central bank's website
http://www.bankofalbania.org/
Currency
Albanian lek
ISO currency code
ALL
Subunits
100 qindarka
Currency circulation
Albania
Legacy currency
Albanian lek
Conversion rate
10 Albanian lek (old) = 1 Albanian lek (new)
with effect from 16 August 1965
Currency history
16 August 1965: Introduction of the new Albanian lek (ALL)
conversion rate: 10 Albanian lek (old) = 1 Albanian lek (new)
IMF membership
Since 15 October 1991
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 14 February 2009: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
Since 15 February 2009: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.ALL.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ALL.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.ALL.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.ALL.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.ALL.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ALL.USD.CA.AC.A01
Algeria
Capital
Algiers
Central bank
Banque d'Algerie
Central bank's website
http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/
Currency
Algerian dinar
ISO currency code
DZD
Subunits
100 centimes
Currency circulation
Algeria
Legacy currency
Algerian new franc
Conversion rate
1 Algerian new franc = 1 Algerian dinar
with effect from 10. April 1964
Currency history
1 January 1960: Introduction of the Algerian new franc
conversion rate: 100 Algerian franc = 1 Algerian new franc
10 April 1964: Introduction of the Algerian dinar (DZD)
conversion rate: 1 Algerian new franc = 1 Algerian dinar
IMF membership
Since 26 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 September 1997
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 01 January 2009: Other managed arrangement
Time series
BBEX3.A.DZD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.DZD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.DZD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.DZD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.DZD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.DZD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.DZD.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.DZD.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.DZD.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.DZD.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.DZD.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.DZD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.DZD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.DZD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.DZD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.DZD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.DZD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.DZD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Angola
Capital
Luanda
Central bank
Banco Nacional de Angola
Central bank's website
http://www.bna.ao
Currency
Kwanza
ISO currency code
AOA
Subunits
100 cêntimos
Currency circulation
Angola
Legacy currency
Readjusted kwanza
Legacy currency's ISO currency AOR
code
Conversion rate
1,000,000 readjusted kwanza = 1 kwanza
with effect from 13 December 1999
Currency history
20 January 1954: Introduction of the Angolan escudo
conversion rate: 1 Angolar = 1 Angolan escudo
8 January 1977: Introduction of the kwanza (AOK)
conversion rate: 1 Angolan escudo = 1 kwanza
1 October 1990: Introduction of the new kwanza (AON)
conversion rate: 1 kwanza = 1 new kwanza
3 July 1995: Introduction of the readjusted kwanza(AOR)
conversion rate: 1,000 new kwanza = 1 readjusted kwanza
13 December 1999: Introduction of the kwanza (AOA)
conversion rate: 1,000,000 readjusted kwanza = 1 kwanza
IMF membership
Since 19 September 1989
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 01 October 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
02 October 2009 - 31 October 2010: Other managed arrangement
01 November 2010 - 16 September 2014: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 17 September 2014: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central
rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Independent (from Portugal) since 11 November 1975
Angola maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.AOA.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.AOA.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.AOA.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AOA.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.AOA.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.AOA.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.AOA.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.AOA.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.AOA.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AOA.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.AOA.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.AOA.USD.CA.AC.A01
Antigua and Barbuda
Capital
St John's
Central bank
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.eccb-centralbank.org
Currency
East Caribbean dollar
ISO currency code
XCD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Antigua and Barbuda, Anguilla, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Legacy currency
British West Indies dollar
Conversion rate
1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
with effect from 6 October 1965
Currency history
6 October 1965: Introduction of the East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
conversion rate: 1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
IMF membership
Since 25 February 1982
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 22 November 1983
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Comment
Independent since 1 November 1981 (formerly: British colony)
Antigua and Barbuda participates in the Eastern Caribbean Currency
Union.
Time series
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Argentina
Capital
Buenos Aires
Central bank
Central Bank of Argentina
Central bank's website
http://www.bcra.gov.ar/index_i.htm
Currency
Argentine peso
ISO currency code
ARS
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Argentina
Legacy currency
Austral
Legacy currency's ISO currency ARA
code
Conversion rate
10 000 austral = 1 Argentine peso
with effect from 1 January 1992
Currency history
1 January 1970: Currency changeover from the Argentine peso (peso
moneda nacional) to the Argentine peso (peso
ISO code ARP) at the rate of 100:1
1 June 1983: Currency changeover from the Argentine peso (peso) to
the Argentine peso (peso argentino
ISO code ARP) at the rate of 10,000:1
14 June 1985: Introduction of the austral (ARA)
conversion rate: 1,000 Argentine peso = 1 austral
1 January 1992: Introduction of the Argentine peso (ARS)
conversion rate: 10,000 austral = 1 Argentine peso
IMF membership
Since 20 September 1956
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 14 May 1968
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 30 September 2008: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 October 2008 - 31 December 2009: Floating (market-determined
with more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 01 January 2010: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate
with an annual minimum rate of change)
Time series
BBEX3.A.ARS.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ARS.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ARS.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ARS.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ARS.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ARS.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.ARS.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.ARS.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.ARS.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.ARS.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.ARS.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.ARS.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.ARS.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ARS.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ARS.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ARS.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ARS.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ARS.USD.CA.AC.A01
Armenia
Capital
Yerevan
Central bank
Central Bank of Armenia
Central bank's website
http://www.cba.am
Currency
Armenian dram
ISO currency code
AMD
Subunits
100 luma
Currency circulation
Armenia
Legacy currency
Russian rouble
Legacy currency's ISO currency RUR
code
Conversion rate
200 Russian rouble = 1 dram
with effect from 22. November 1993
Currency history
22 November 1993: Introduction of the dram (AMD)
conversion rate: 200 rouble = 1 dram
IMF membership
Since 28 May 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 29 May 1997
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 30 June 2008: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
01 July 2008 - 02 March 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
03 March 2009 - 11 March 2013: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 12 March 2013: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate
with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Armenia maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.AMD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AMD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.AMD.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.AMD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.AMD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AMD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Aruba
Capital
Oranjestad
Central bank
Centrale Bank van Aruba
Central bank's website
http://www.cbaruba.org/
Currency
Aruban florin
ISO currency code
AWG
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Aruba
Legacy currency
Netherlands Antillean guilder
Legacy currency's ISO currency ANG
code
Conversion rate
1 Netherlands Antillean guilder = 1 Aruban florin
with effect from 1 January 1986
Currency history
1 January 1986: Introduction of the Aruban florin (AWG)
conversion rate: 1 Netherlands Antillean guilder = 1 Aruban florin
IMF membership
Since 15 February 1961
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
On 1 January 1986, Aruba obtained its status as an autonomous
country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Prior to this period,
Aruba formed part of the Netherlands Antilles.
Time series
BBEX3.A.AWG.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.AWG.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.AWG.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AWG.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.AWG.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.AWG.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.AWG.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.AWG.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.AWG.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AWG.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.AWG.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.AWG.USD.CA.AC.A01
Australia
Capital
Canberra
Central bank
Reserve Bank of Australia
Central bank's website
http://www.rba.gov.au/
Currency
Australian dollar
ISO currency code
AUD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Australia, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Kiribati, Nauru, Norfolk
Island, Tuvalu, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Australian pound
Conversion rate
1 Australian pound = 2 Australian dollars
with effect from 14 February 1966
Currency history
14 February 1966: Introduction of the Australian dollar (AUD)
conversion rate: 1 Australian pound = 2 Australian dollars
IMF membership
Since 5 August 1947
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 July 1965
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Time series
BBEX3.A.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.AUD.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AUD.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.AUD.USD.CM.AC.000
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AUD.USD.CM.AC.A01
Austria
Capital
Vienna
Central bank
Österreichische Nationalbank
Central bank's website
http://www.oenb.at/en/
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Schilling
Legacy currency's ISO currency ATS
code
Conversion rate
13.7603 schilling = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 13.7603 schilling = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 27 August 1948
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 August 1962
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
17 May 1974 - 12 March 1979: Autonomous participation in the
European common margins arrangement (with wider fluctuation
margins)
13 March 1979 - 8 January 1995: Autonomous participation in the
European Monetary System (Peg to the Deutsche Mark)
9 January 1995 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Azerbaijan
Capital
Baku
Central bank
Central Bank of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Central bank's website
http://www.cbar.az
Currency
Azerbaijan manat
ISO currency code
AZN
Subunits
100 qapik
Currency circulation
Azerbaijan
Legacy currency
Azerbaijan manat
Legacy currency's ISO currency AZM
code
Conversion rate
5,000 Azerbaijan manat (old) = 1 Azerbaijan manat (new)
with effect from 1 January 2006
Currency history
August 1992: Introduction of the Azerbaijan manat (AZM) in parallel to
the rouble at the rate of 10 rouble = 1 Azerbaijan manat
1 January 1994: The Azerbaijan manat becomes the sole legal tender
conversion rate: 10 rouble = 1 Azerbaijan manat
1 January 2006: Introduction of the new Azerbaijan manat (AZN)
conversion rate: 5,000 Azerbaijanmanat (old) = 1 Azerbaijan manat
(new)
IMF membership
Since 18 September 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 30 November 2004
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 May 2009: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 June 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Time series
BBEX3.A.AZN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AZN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.AZN.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.AZN.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.AZN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AZN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Bahamas
Capital
Nassau
Central bank
The Central Bank of The Bahamas
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbankbahamas.com/
Currency
Bahamian dollar
ISO currency code
BSD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Bahamas
Legacy currency
Bahamas pound
1 Bahamas pound = 20 shillings = 240 pence
Conversion rate
7 shillings = 1 Bahamian dollar
with effect from 25 May 1966
Currency history
25 May 1966: Introduction of the Bahamian dollar (BSD)
conversion rate: 7 shillings = 1 Bahamian dollar
IMF membership
Since 21 August 1973
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 05 Dezember 1973
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 10 July 1973 (formerly: British colony)
Time series
BBEX3.A.BSD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BSD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BSD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BSD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BSD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BSD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BSD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BSD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BSD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BSD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BSD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BSD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Bahrain
Capital
Manama
Central bank
Central Bank of Bahrain
Central bank's website
http://www.cbb.gov.bh/
Currency
Bahraini dinar
ISO currency code
BHD
Subunits
1,000 fils
Currency circulation
Bahrain
Legacy currency
Gulf rupee (parity (1:1) with the Indian rupee)
Conversion rate
10 Gulf rupees = 1 Bahraini dinar
with effect from 16 October 1965
Currency history
16 October 1965: Introduction of the Bahraini dinar (BHD)
conversion rate: 10 Gulf rupees = 1 Bahraini dinar
IMF membership
Since 7 September 1972
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 20 March 1973
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 31 March 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 14 August 1971
Time series
BBEX3.A.BHD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BHD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BHD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BHD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BHD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BHD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BHD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BHD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BHD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BHD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BHD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BHD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Bangladesh
Capital
Dhaka
Central bank
Bangladesh Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.bangladesh-bank.org
Currency
Taka
ISO currency code
BDT
Subunits
100 poisha
Currency circulation
Bangladesh
Legacy currency
Pakistani rupee
Legacy currency's ISO currency PKR
code
Conversion rate
1 Pakistani rupee = 1 taka
with effect from 1 January 1972
Currency history
1 January 1972: Introduction of the taka (BDT)
conversion rate: 1 Pakistani rupee = 1 taka
IMF membership
Since 17 August 1972
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 11 April 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 03 October 2010: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
04 October 2010 - 18 December 2011: Crawl-like arrangement
(moving central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
19 December 2011 - 06 February 2013: Other managed
arrangement
Since 07 February 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Independent (from Pakistan) since 26 March 1971.
Bangladesh maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US
dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.BDT.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BDT.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BDT.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BDT.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BDT.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BDT.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BDT.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BDT.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BDT.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BDT.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BDT.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BDT.USD.CA.AC.A01
Barbados
Capital
Bridgetown
Central bank
Central Bank of Barbados
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.org.bb/
Currency
Barbados dollar
ISO currency code
BBD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Barbados
Legacy currency
East Caribbean dollar
Legacy currency's ISO currency XCD
code
Conversion rate
1 East Caribbean dollar = 1 Barbados dollar
with effect from 3 December 1973
Currency history
6 October 1965: Introduction of the East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
conversion rate: 1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean
dollar
3 December 1973: Introduction of the Barbados dollar (BBD)
conversion rate: 1 East Caribbean dollar = 1 Barbados dollar
IMF membership
Since 29 December 1970
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 03 November 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.BBD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BBD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BBD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BBD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BBD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BBD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BBD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BBD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BBD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BBD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BBD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BBD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Belarus
Capital
Minsk
Central bank
National Bank of the Republic of Belarus
Central bank's website
http://www.nbrb.by/eng
Currency
Belarusian rouble
ISO currency code
BYN
Subunits
100 Kopecks
Currency circulation
Belarus
Legacy currency
Belarusian rouble
Legacy currency's ISO currency BYR
code
Conversion rate
10,000 Belarusian rouble (old) = 1 Belarusian rouble (new)
with effect from 1 July 2016
Currency history
25 May 1992: Introduction of the Belarusian rouble (in the form of socalled zaichik coupons) in parallel to the rouble
20 August 1994: Introduction of the Belarusian rouble (BYB)
conversion rate: 10 Belarusian rouble (zaichik coupons) = 1
Belarusian rouble
1 January 2000: Introduction of the new Belarusian rouble (BYR)
conversion rate: 1,000 Belarusian rouble (old) = 1 Belarusian rouble
(new)
1 July 2016: Introduction of the new Belarusian rouble (BYN)
conversion rate: 10,000 Belarusian rouble (old) = 1 Belarusian rouble
(new)
IMF membership
Since 10 July 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 05 November 2001
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 01 January 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
02 January 2009 - 06 May 2010: Pegged exchange rate within
horizontal bands
07 May 2010 - 23 May 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
24 May 2011 - 18 September 2012: Other managed arrangement
Since 19 September 2012: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central
rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Belarus maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.BYN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BYN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.BYN.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.BYN.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.BYN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BYN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Belgium
Capital
Brussels
Central bank
National Bank of Belgium
Central bank's website
http://www.nbb.be
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Belgian franc
Legacy currency's ISO currency BEF
code
Conversion rate
40.3399 Belgian francs = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 40.3399 Belgian franc = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
24 April 1972 - 12 March 1979: Cooperative arrangement (European
common margins arrangement)
13 March 1979 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Belize
Capital
Belmopan
Central bank
Central Bank of Belize
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.org.bz
Currency
Belize dollar
ISO currency code
BZD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Belize
Legacy currency
British Honduran dollar
Conversion rate
1 British Honduran dollar = 1 Belize dollar
with effect from 1 June 1973
Currency history
1 June 1973: Introduction of the Belize dollar (BZD)
conversion rate: 1 British Honduran dollar = 1 Belize dollar
IMF membership
Since 16 March 1982
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 14 Juni 1983
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 21 September 1981 (formerly: British colony since
1862)
Time series
BBEX3.A.BZD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BZD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BZD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BZD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BZD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BZD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BZD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BZD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BZD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BZD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BZD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BZD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Benin
Capital
Porto-Novo
Seat of Government: Cotonou
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
IMF membership
Since 10 July 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 1 August 1960
Member state of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
(UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Bermuda
Capital
Hamilton
Central bank
Bermuda Monetary Authority
Central bank's website
http://www.bma.bm/SitePages/Home.aspx
Currency
Bermudian dollar
ISO currency code
BMD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Bermuda
Legacy currency
Bermuda pound
Conversion rate
1 Bermuda pound = 2.40 Bermudian dollar
with effect from 6 February 1970
Currency history
6 February 1970: Introduction of the Bermudian dollar (BMD)
conversion rate: 1 Bermuda pound = 2.40 Bermudian dollar
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
British Overseas Territory
Time series
BBEX3.A.BMD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BMD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BMD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BMD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BMD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BMD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BMD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BMD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BMD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BMD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BMD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BMD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Bhutan
Capital
Thimphu
Central bank
Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan
Central bank's website
http://www.rma.org.bt/
Currency
Ngultrum
ISO currency code
BTN
Subunits
100 chhetrum
Currency circulation
Bhutan
Legacy currency
Indian rupee
Conversion rate
1 Indian rupee = 1 ngultrum
with effect from 1 June 1974
Currency history
1 June 1974: Introduction of the ngultrum (BTN)
conversion rate: 1 Indian rupee = 1 ngultrum
IMF membership
Since 28 September 1981
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
The Indian rupee is likewise legal tender alongside the ngultrum.
Time series
BBEX3.A.BTN.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BTN.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BTN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BTN.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BTN.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BTN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BTN.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BTN.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BTN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BTN.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BTN.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BTN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
Capital
Sucre
seat of government: La Paz
Central bank
Banco Central de Bolivia
Central bank's website
http://www.bcb.gob.bo
Currency
Boliviano
ISO currency code
BOB
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
Legacy currency
Bolivian peso
Legacy currency's ISO currency BOP
code
Conversion rate
1,000,000 Bolivian pesos = 1 boliviano
with effect from 1 January 1987
Currency history
1 January 1963: Introduction of the Bolivian peso (BOP)
conversion rate: 1,000 bolivianos = 1 Bolivian peso
1 January 1987: Introduction of the boliviano (BOB)
conversion rate: 1,000,000 Bolivian pesos = 1 boliviano
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 05 Juni 1967
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
01 December 2007 - 05 October 2008: Crawling peg (moving central
rate without a band)
06 October 2008 - 28 November 2010: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
29 November 2010 - 01 November 2011: Crawling peg (moving
central rate without a band)
Since 02 November 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Bolivia maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.BOB.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BOB.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BOB.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BOB.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BOB.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BOB.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.BOB.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.BOB.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.BOB.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.BOB.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.BOB.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.BOB.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.BOB.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BOB.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BOB.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BOB.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BOB.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BOB.USD.CA.AC.A01
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Capital
Sarajevo
Central bank
Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Central bank's website
http://www.cbbh.ba
Currency
Convertible marka
ISO currency code
BAM
Subunits
100 feninga
Currency circulation
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Legacy currency
Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar
Legacy currency's ISO currency BAD
code
Conversion rate
100 Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar = 1 convertible marka
with effect from 11 August 1997
Currency history
17 August 1992: Introduction of the Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar
conversion rate: 1 Yugoslav dinar = 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar
15 July 1994: Introduction of the new Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar
(BAD)
conversion rate: 10,000 Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar (old) = 1
Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar (new)
11 August 1997: Introduction of theconvertible marka (BAM)
conversion rate: 100 Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar = 1 convertible
marka
IMF membership
Since 14 December 1992
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Time series
BBEX3.A.BAM.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BAM.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BAM.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BAM.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BAM.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BAM.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BAM.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BAM.USD.CA.AC.A01
Botswana
Capital
Gaborone
Central bank
Bank of Botswana
Central bank's website
http://www.bankofbotswana.bw/
Currency
Pula
ISO currency code
BWP
Subunits
100 thebe
Currency circulation
Botswana
Legacy currency
South African rand
Conversion rate
1 South African rand = 1 pula
with effect from 23 August 1976
Currency history
23 August 1976: Introduction of the pula (BWP)
conversion rate: 1 South African rand = 1 pula
IMF membership
Since 24 July 1968
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 17 November 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 31 May 2005: Crawling peg (moving central rate without a band)
Time series
BBEX3.A.BWP.EUR.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BWP.EUR.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BWP.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BWP.USD.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BWP.USD.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BWP.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BWP.EUR.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BWP.EUR.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BWP.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BWP.USD.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BWP.USD.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BWP.USD.CM.AC.A01
Brazil
Capital
Brasília
Central bank
Banco Central do Brasil
Central bank's website
http://www.bcb.gov.br/?english
Currency
Brazilian real
ISO currency code
BRL
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Brazil
Legacy currency
Cruzeiro real
Legacy currency's ISO currency BRR
code
Conversion rate
2,750 cruzeiro real = 1 Brazilian real
with effect from 1 July 1994
Currency history
13 February 1967: Introduction of the new cruzeiro
conversion rate: 1,000 cruzeiro = 1 new cruzeiro
15 May 1970: Change of currency name from the new cruzeiro to the
cruzeiro (BRB)
28 February 1986: Introduction of the cruzado (BRC)
conversion rate: 1,000 cruzeiro = 1 cruzado
16 January 1989: Introduction of the new cruzado (BRN)
conversion rate: 1,000 cruzado = 1 new cruzado
19 March 1990: Introduction of the cruzeiro (BRE)
conversion rate: 1 new cruzado = 1 cruzeiro
1 August 1993: Introduction of the cruzeiro real (BRR)
conversion rate: 1,000 cruzeiro = 1 cruzeiro real
1 July 1994: Introduction of the Brazilian real (BRL)
conversion rate: 2,750 cruzeiro real= 1 Brazilian real
IMF membership
Since 14 January 1946
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 30 November 1999
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
Multiple exchange rate system until 31 January 1999
Time series
BBEX3.A.BRL.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.BRL.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.BRL.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BRL.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.BRL.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BRL.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BRL.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BRL.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BRL.USD.CA.AA.B04
BBEX3.A.BRL.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BRL.USD.CA.AB.B04
BBEX3.A.BRL.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BRL.USD.CA.AC.B04
BBEX3.D.BRL.USD.CA.AA.B00
BBEX3.D.BRL.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.BRL.USD.CA.AB.B00
BBEX3.D.BRL.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.BRL.USD.CA.AC.B00
BBEX3.D.BRL.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.BRL.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BRL.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BRL.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BRL.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BRL.USD.CA.AA.B01
BBEX3.M.BRL.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BRL.USD.CA.AB.B01
BBEX3.M.BRL.USD.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BRL.USD.CA.AC.B01
Brunei Darussalam
Capital
Bandar Seri Begawan
Currency
Brunei dollar
ISO currency code
BND
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Brunei Darussalam, Singapore
Legacy currency
Malayan dollar
Conversion rate
1 Malayan dollar = 1 Brunei dollar
with effect from 12 June 1967
Currency history
12 June 1967: Introduction of the Brunei dollar (BND)
conversion rate: 1 Malayan dollar = 1 Brunei dollar
IMF membership
Since 10 October 1995
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 10 October 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Comment
Under an agreement between Brunei Darussalam and Singapore, the
Singapore dollar (convertible at par) is also accepted as legal tender.
Time series
BBEX3.A.BND.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BND.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BND.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BND.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BND.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BND.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BND.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BND.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BND.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BND.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BND.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BND.USD.CA.AC.A01
Bulgaria
Capital
Sofia
Central bank
Bulgarian National Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.bnb.bg/
Currency
Bulgarian lev
ISO currency code
BGN
Subunits
100 stotinkas
Currency circulation
Bulgaria
Legacy currency
Bulgarian lev
Legacy currency's ISO currency BGL
code
Conversion rate
1,000 Bulgarian levs (old) = 1 Bulgarian lev (new)
Currency history
12 May 1952: Introduction of the (new) lev
conversion rate for banknote exchange: 100 levs (old) = 1 lev (new),
for prices and for mutual claims and liabilities between individuals:
100:4. For bank balances, various conversion rates apply.
1 January 1962: Introduction of the (new) lev (BGL)
currency conversion took place at the rate of 10 levs(old) = 1 lev
(new)
5 July 1999: Introduction of the (new) lev (BGN)
currency conversion took place at the rate of 1,000 levs (old) = 1 lev
(new)
IMF membership
Since 25 September 1990
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 24 September 1998
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Time series
BBEX3.A.BGN.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.BGN.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.BGN.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BGN.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.BGN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BGN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.BGN.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.BGN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BGN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Burkina Faso
Capital
Ouagadougou
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Burkina Faso, Benin,Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
IMF membership
Since 02 May 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 5 August 1960
Member state of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
(UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Burundi
Capital
Bujumbura
Central bank
Bank of the Republic of Burundi
Central bank's website
http://www.brb.bi
Currency
Burundi franc
ISO currency code
BIF
Subunits
100 centimes
Currency circulation
Burundi
Legacy currency
Rwanda and Burundi franc
Conversion rate
1 Rwanda and Burundi franc = 1 Burundi franc
with effect from 19 May 1964
Currency history
2 September 1960: Introduction of the Rwanda and Burundi franc
conversion rate: 1 Congo franc = 1 Rwanda and Burundi franc
19 May 1964: Introduction of the Burundi franc (BIF)
conversion rate: 1 Rwanda and Burundi franc = 1 Burundi franc
IMF membership
Since 28 September 1963
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 30 April 2009: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
01 May 2009 - 25 July 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
26 July 2011 - 05 March 2013: Other managed arrangement
Since 06 March 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Independent (from Belgium) since 1 July 1962.
Burundi maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.BIF.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BIF.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BIF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.BIF.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.BIF.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.BIF.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.BIF.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BIF.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BIF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.BIF.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.BIF.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.BIF.USD.CA.AC.A01
Cabo Verde
Capital
Praia
Central bank
Banco de Cabo Verde
Central bank's website
http://www.bcv.cv
Currency
Cabo Verde escudo
ISO currency code
CVE
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Cabo Verde
IMF membership
Since 20 November 1978
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 Juli 2004
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 5 July 1975 (formerly: Portuguese colony)
Time series
BBEX3.A.CVE.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CVE.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.CVE.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.CVE.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.CVE.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CVE.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CVE.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.CVE.USD.CA.AC.A01
Cambodia
Capital
Phnom Penh
Central bank
National Bank of Cambodia
Central bank's website
http://www.nbc.org.kh/english/index.php
Currency
Riel
ISO currency code
KHR
Subunits
100 sen
Currency circulation
Cambodia
Legacy currency
Indochinese piastre
Conversion rate
1 Indochinese piastre = 1 riel
with effect from 1 January 1955
Currency history
1 January 1955: Introduction of the riel (KHR)
conversion rate: 1 Indochinese piastre = 1 riel
IMF membership
Since 31 December 1969
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 January 2002
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 August 2009: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 September 2009 - 30 June 2013: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 July 2013 - 31 December 2013: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 January 2014: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within
a narrow band without any political obligation)
Time series
BBEX3.A.KHR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KHR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KHR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.KHR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KHR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KHR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.KHR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KHR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KHR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KHR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KHR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KHR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Cameroon
Capital
Yaoundé
Central bank
Bank of Central African States (Banque des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale)
Central bank's website
http://www.beac.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XAF
Currency circulation
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial
Guinea, Gabon
IMF membership
Since 10 July 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independence: East Cameroon on 1 January 1960, West Cameroon
on 1 October 1961
unification upon independence
Member state of the Central African Economic and Monetary
Community (CEMAC = Communauté Économique et Monétaire de
l'Afrique Centrale)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Canada
Capital
Ottawa
Central bank
Bank of Canada
Central bank's website
http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/index.html
Currency
Canadian dollar
ISO currency code
CAD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Canada
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 25 March 1952
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Time series
BBEX3.A.CAD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.CAD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.CAD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CAD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.CAD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CAD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.CAD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.CAD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CAD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Cayman Islands
Capital
George Town
Central bank
Cayman Islands Monetary Authority
Central bank's website
http://www.cimoney.com.ky/default.aspx
Currency
Cayman Islands dollar
ISO currency code
KYD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Cayman Islands
Legacy currency
Jamaican dollar
Legacy currency's ISO currency JMD
code
Conversion rate
1 Jamaican dollar = 1 Cayman Islands dollar
with effect from 1 May 1972
Currency history
1 May 1972: Introduction of the Cayman Islands dollar (KYD)
conversion rate: 1 Jamaican dollar = 1 Cayman Islands dollar
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
British Overseas Territory
Time series
BBEX3.A.KYD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.KYD.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.KYD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KYD.USD.CM.AC.A01
Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CAEMC)
Central bank
Bank of Central African States (Banque des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale)
Central bank's website
http://www.beac.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XAF
Currency circulation
Cameroon, Congo, Chad, Central African Republic, Equatorial
Guinea, Gabon
Comment
Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial
Guinea and Gabon all belong to the Central African Economic and
Monetary Community (CEMAC = Communauté Économique et
Monétaire de l'Afrique Centrale). The responsible monetary authority
is the "Banque des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale", whose CFA franc
(F.CFA = Franc de la Coopération Financière en Afrique Centrale) is
legal tender only in the aforementioned countries.
Central African Republic
Capital
Bangui
Central bank
Bank of Central African States (Banque des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale)
Central bank's website
http://www.beac.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XAF
Currency circulation
Central African Republic, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Equatorial
Guinea, Gabon
IMF membership
Since 10 July 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 13 August 1960
Member state of the Central African Economic and Monetary
Community (CEMAC = Communauté Économique et Monétaire de
l'Afrique Centrale)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Chad
Capital
N'Djaména
Central bank
Bank of Central African States (Banque des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale)
Central bank's website
http://www.beac.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XAF
Currency circulation
Chad, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Equatorial
Guinea, Gabon
IMF membership
Since 10 July 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 11 August 1960
Member state of the Central African Economic and Monetary
Community (CEMAC = Communauté Économique et Monétaire de
l'Afrique Centrale)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Chile
Capital
Santiago
Central bank
Banco Central de Chile
Central bank's website
http://www.bcentral.cl/eng/index.htm
Currency
Chilean peso
ISO currency code
CLP
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Chile
Legacy currency
Chilean escudo
Conversion rate
1,000 Chilean escudos = 1 Chilean peso
with effect from 29 September 1975
Currency history
1 January 1960: Introduction of the Chilean escudo
conversion rate: 1,000 Chilean pesos = 1 Chilean escudo
29 September 1975: Introduction of the Chilean peso (CLP)
conversion rate: 1,000 Chilean escudos = 1 Chilean peso
IMF membership
Since 31 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 27 July 1977
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Time series
BBEX3.A.CLP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CLP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.CLP.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.CLP.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.CLP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CLP.USD.CA.AC.A01
China (Taiwan)
Capital
Taipeh
Central bank
Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
Central bank's website
http://www.cbc.gov.tw/mp2.html
Currency
New Taiwan dollar
ISO currency code
TWD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
China (Taiwan)
Legacy currency
Taiwan dollar
Conversion rate
40,000 Taiwan dollar = 1 new Taiwan dollar
with effect from 15 June 1949
Currency history
15 June 1949: Introduction of the new Taiwan dollar (TWD)
conversion rate: 40,000 Taiwan dollar = 1 new Taiwan dollar
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
The People's Republic of China claims sovereignty over the island of
Taiwan
the Taiwanese government describes itself as the government of the
"Republic of China".
Time series
BBEX3.A.TWD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TWD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TWD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.TWD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TWD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TWD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.TWD.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.TWD.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.TWD.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.TWD.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.TWD.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.TWD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.TWD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TWD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TWD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TWD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TWD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TWD.USD.CA.AC.A01
China
Capital
Peking/Beijing
Central bank
The People's Bank of China
Central bank's website
http://www.pbc.gov.cn/english/
Currency
Chinese yuan renminbi (uniform designation for all foreign countries
since 15 June 1969)
ISO currency code
CNY
Subunits
10 jiao/100 fen
Currency circulation
China
Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Jen-Min-Pi
Conversion rate
10,000 jen min pi (old) = 1 jen min pi (new)
with effect from 1 March 1955
Currency history
19 August 1948: Introduction of the gold yuan
conversion rate: 3 million Chinese dollar / yuan = 1 gold yuan
5 June 1949: Introduction of the jen min pi
conversion rate: 100,000 gold yuan = 1 jen min pi
1 March 1955: Introduction of the new jen min pi
conversion rate: 10,000 jen min pi (old) = 1 jen min pi (new)
15 June 1969: Harmonisation of the currency name used outside of
China: Chinese yuan renminbi (CNY)
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 December 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
1980 - 31 December 1985: Pegged to a trade weighted currency
basket
1 January 1986 - 31 March 1994: Other managed floating
1 April 1994 - 31 July 2006: Other conventional fixed peg
arrangement
1 August 2006 - 31 May 2008: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
1 June 2008 - 20 June 2010: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 21 June 2010: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
China maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.CNY.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.CNY.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.CNY.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CNY.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.CNY.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CNY.HKD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CNY.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.CNY.HKD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.CNY.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.CNY.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CNY.HKD.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CNY.USD.CA.AC.A01
Colombia
Capital
Bogotá
Central bank
Banco de la República
Central bank's website
http://www.banrep.gov.co/en
Currency
Colombian peso
ISO currency code
COP
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Colombia
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 August 2004
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.COP.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.COP.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.COP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.COP.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.COP.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.COP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.COP.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.COP.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.COP.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.COP.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.COP.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.COP.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.COP.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.COP.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.COP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.COP.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.COP.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.COP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Comoros
Capital
Moroni
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Comores
Central bank's website
http://www.banque-comores.km/
Currency
Comorian franc
ISO currency code
KMF
Subunits
100 centimes
Currency circulation
Comoros
Legacy currency
CFA franc
Conversion rate
1 CFA franc = 1 Comorian franc
with effect from 1 July 1981
Currency history
1 July 1981: Introduction of the Comorian franc (KMF)
conversion rate: 1 CFA franc = 1 Comorian franc
IMF membership
Since 21 September 1976
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.KMF.EUR.CA.AC.A04BBEX3.A.KMF.USD.CA.AC.A04BBEX3.M.
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Capital
Kinshasa
Central bank
Banque Centrale du Congo
Central bank's website
http://www.bcc.cd
Currency
Congo franc
ISO currency code
CDF
Subunits
100 centimes
Currency circulation
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Legacy currency
New zaire
Legacy currency's ISO currency ZRN
code
Conversion rate
100,000 new zaires = 1 Congo franc
with effect from 30 June 1998
Currency history
24 June 1967: Introduction of the zaire (ZRZ)
conversion rate: 1,000 Congo francs = 1 zaire
22 October 1993: Introduction of the new zaire (ZRN)
conversion rate: 3,000,000 zaires = 1 new zaire
30 June 1998: Introduction of the Congo franc (CDF)
conversion rate: 100,000 new zaires = 1 Congo franc
IMF membership
Since 28 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 10 February 2003
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
01 January 2009 - 04 May 2010: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
05 May 2010 - 30 April 2011: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central
rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
01 May 2011 - 22November 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
23 November 2011 - 31 December 2011: Other managed
arrangement
Since 01 January 2012: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within
a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Independent (from Belgium) since 30 June 1960
The Democratic Republic of the Congo maintains a de facto
exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.CDF.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.CDF.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.CDF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CDF.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.CDF.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.CDF.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.CDF.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CDF.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.CDF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CDF.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CDF.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.CDF.USD.CA.AC.A01
Congo
Capital
Brazzaville
Central bank
Bank of Central African States (Banque des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale)
Central bank's website
http://www.beac.int/
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XAF
Currency circulation
Congo, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial
Guinea, Gabon
IMF membership
Since 10 July 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 15 August 1960
Member state of the Central African Economic and Monetary
Community (CEMAC = Communauté Économique et Monétaire de
l'Afrique Centrale)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Cook Islands
Capital
Avarua
Currency
Cook Islands dollar
ISO currency code
NZD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Cook Islands
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
Self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand
formerly overseas territory of New Zealand.
The New Zealand dollar is also legal tender alongside the Cook
Islands dollar (convertible at par).
Time series
BBEX3.A.NZD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.NZD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.NZD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NZD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Costa Rica
Capital
San José
Central bank
Banco Central de Costa Rica
Central bank's website
http://www.bccr.fi.cr
Currency
Costa Rican colón
ISO currency code
CRC
Subunits
100 céntimos
Currency circulation
Costa Rica
IMF membership
Since 08 January 1946
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 Februar 1965
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 15 April 2012: Other managed arrangement
16 April 2012 - 29 August 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
30 August 2013 - 06 April 2014: Other managed arrangement
Since 07 April 2014: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any politicalobligation)
Time series
BBEX3.A.CRC.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.CRC.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.CRC.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CRC.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.CRC.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.CRC.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.CRC.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CRC.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.CRC.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CRC.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CRC.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.CRC.USD.CA.AC.A01
Côte d'Ivoire
Capital
Yamoussoukro
Seat of Government: Abidjan
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
IMF membership
Since 11 March 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 7 August 1960
Member state of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
(UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Croatia
Capital
Zagreb
Central bank
Croatian National Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.hnb.hr
Currency
Kuna
ISO currency code
HRK
Subunits
100 lipa
Currency circulation
Croatia
Legacy currency
Croatian dinar
Legacy currency's ISO currency HRD
code
Conversion rate
1,000 Croatian dinar = 1 kuna
with effect from 30 May 1994
Currency history
23 December 1991: Introduction of the Croatian dinar (HRD)
conversion rate: 1 Yugoslav dinar = 1 Croatian dinar
30 May 1994: Introduction of the kuna (HRK)
conversion rate: 1,000 Croatian dinar = 1 kuna
IMF membership
Since 14 December 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 29 May 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 January 2009 - 30 June 2009: Other managed arrangement
01 July 2009 - 16 June 2010: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 17 June 2010: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
25 June 1991: Croatia declared its independence. This was
recognised by Germany and other member states of the European
Community on 23 December 1991, with effect from 15 January 1992.
Time series
BBEX3.A.HRK.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.HRK.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.HRK.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.HRK.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.HRK.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.HRK.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.HRK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.HRK.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.HRK.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.HRK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.HRK.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.HRK.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.HRK.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.HRK.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.HRK.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.HRK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.HRK.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.HRK.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.HRK.USD.CA.AC.A01
Cuba
Capital
Havana
Central bank
Banco Central de Cuba
Central bank's website
http://www.bc.gob.cu/Espanol/default.asp
Currency
Convertible peso
ISO currency code
CUC
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Cuba
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
Alongside the convertible peso (CUC), which is primarily used by
foreigners, there is the Cuban peso (CUP), which is used by residents
to purchase their basic needs, among other things.
Foreign currencies can be freely exchanged in Cuba for convertible
pesos (CUC), and they enable both residents and foreigners to
purchase items which the government considers to be luxury articles.
In its national accounts, the Cuban government fixes the ratio of
convertible peso (CUC) to Cuban peso (CUP) at 1:1. In reality, Cuban
pesos can only be exchanged for convertible pesos at a considerable
discount.
Time series
BBEX3.A.CUC.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.CUC.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.CUC.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CUC.USD.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.CUC.USD.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.CUC.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.CUC.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CUC.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.CUC.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CUC.USD.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CUC.USD.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.CUC.USD.CM.AC.A01
Curaçao
Capital
Willemstad
Central bank
Centrale Bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten (formerly: Bank van de
Nederlandse Antillen)
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.cw/
Currency
Netherlands Antillean guilder
ISO currency code
ANG
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Curaçao and Sint Maarten (southern part)
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 10 October 2010 within the Kingdom of the
Netherlands
formerly Curaçao formed together with Bonaire, Sint Maarten, Saba
and Saint Eustatius the Netherlands Antilles
Time series
BBEX3.A.ANG.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.ANG.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.USD.CA.AC.A01
Cyprus
Capital
Nicosia
Central bank
Central Bank of Cyprus
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.gov.cy
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Cyprus pound
Legacy currency's ISO currency CYP
code
Conversion rate
0.585274 Cyprus pounds = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 2008
Currency history
1 January 2008: Introduction of the euro
conversion rate: 0.585274 Cyprus pounds = 1 euro
IMF membership
Since 21 December 1961
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 9 January 1991
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
9 July 1973 - 18 June 1992: Pegged to a trade weighted currency
basket
19 June 1992 - 31 December 1998: Pegged to the ECU
1 January 1999 - 31 December 2007: Pegged to the euro (from 2
May 2005: Exchange rate mechanism II)
Since 1 January 2008: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 2008)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Czech Republic
Capital
Prague
Central bank
Czech National Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.cnb.cz/en/index.html
Currency
Czech koruna
ISO currency code
CZK
Subunits
100 heller
Currency circulation
Czech Republic
Legacy currency
Czechoslovak koruna
Legacy currency's ISO currency CSK
code
Conversion rate
1 Czechoslovak koruna = 1 Czech koruna
with effect from 8 February 1993
Currency history
8 February 1993: Introduction of the Czech koruna (CZK)
conversion rate: 1 Czechoslovak koruna = 1 Czech koruna
IMF membership
Since 01 January 1993
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 October 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 06 November 2013: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
07 November 2013 - 18 November 2013: Other managed
arrangement
Since 19 November 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
On 1 January 1993 dissolution of Czechoslovakia into the successor
states Czech Republic and Slovakia
Time series
BBEX3.A.CZK.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.CZK.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.CZK.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CZK.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.CZK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.CZK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.CZK.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.CZK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CZK.USD.CA.AC.A01
Denmark
Capital
Copenhagen
Central bank
Danmarks Nationalbank
Central bank's website
http://www.nationalbanken.dk/
Currency
Danish krone
ISO currency code
DKK
Subunits
100 øre
Currency circulation
Denmark, Faroe Islands, Greenland
IMF membership
Since 30 March 1946
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 May 1967
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
01 May 1972 - 26 June 1972: Cooperative arrangement (European
common margins arrangement)
27 June 1972: Withdrawal from the cooperative arrangement
(European common margins arrangement)
27 June 1972 - 09 October 1972: Peg to the US dollar
10 October 1972 - 12 March 1979: Cooperative arrangement
(European common margins arrangement)
13 March 1979 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 01 January 1999: Peg to the euro (Exchange rate mechanism
II)
Comment
Denmark participates in the Exchange Rate Mechanism II
Time series
BBEX3.A.DKK.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.DKK.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.DKK.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.DKK.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.DKK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.DKK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.DKK.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.DKK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.DKK.USD.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.DKK.USD.CA.AC.A02
Djibouti
Capital
Djibouti
Central bank
Banque Centrale de Djibouti
Central bank's website
http://www.banque-centrale.dj
Currency
Djibouti franc
ISO currency code
DJF
Subunits
100 centimes
Currency circulation
Djibouti
Legacy currency
CFA franc
Conversion rate
1 CFA franc = 1 Djibouti franc
with effect from 20 March 1949
Currency history
20 March 1949: Introduction of the Djibouti franc (DJF)
conversion rate: 1 CFA franc = 1 Djibouti franc
IMF membership
Since 29 December 1978
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 19 September 1980
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Time series
BBEX3.A.DJF.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.DJF.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.DJF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.DJF.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.DJF.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.DJF.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.DJF.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.DJF.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.DJF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.DJF.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.DJF.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.DJF.USD.CA.AC.A01
Dominica
Capital
Roseau
Central bank
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.eccb-centralbank.org
Currency
East Caribbean dollar
ISO currency code
XCD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Dominica, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Legacy currency
British West Indies dollar
Conversion rate
1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
with effect from 6 October 1965
Currency history
6 October 1965: Introduction of the East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
conversion rate: 1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
IMF membership
Since 12 December 1978
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 13 Dezember 1979
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Comment
Independent since 3 November 1978 (formerly: British colony)
Dominica participates in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union.
Time series
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Dominican Republic
Capital
Santo Domingo
Central bank
Banco Central de la República Dominicana
Central bank's website
http://www.bancentral.gov.do
Currency
Dominican peso
ISO currency code
DOP
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Dominican Republic
IMF membership
Since 28 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 August 1953
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Other managed arrangement
01 January 2009 - 31 January 2010: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 February 2010: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate
with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
The Dominican Republic maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to
the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.DOP.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.DOP.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.DOP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.DOP.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.DOP.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.DOP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.DOP.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.DOP.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.DOP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.DOP.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.DOP.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.DOP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU)
Central bank
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.eccb-centralbank.org
Currency
East Caribbean dollar
ISO currency code
XCD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Time series
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Ecuador
Capital
Quito
Central bank
Banco Central del Ecuador
Central bank's website
http://www.bce.fin.ec
Currency
US dollar
ISO currency code
USD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Ecuador, United States, American Samoa, Bonaire, British Virgin
Islands, El Salvador, Guam, Marshall Islands, Federated States of
Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico,
Saba, Saint Eustatius, Timor-Leste, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin
Islands of the United States
Legacy currency
Sucre
Legacy currency's ISO currency ECS
code
Conversion rate
25,000 sucres = 1 US dollar
with effect from 13 March 2000
Currency history
13 March 2000: Introduction of the US dollar (USD)
conversion rate: 25,000 sucres = 1 US dollar
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 31 August 1970
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 31 March 2000: No separate legal tender
Comment
The sucre remained legal tender alongside the US dollar until 12
September 2000
since 13 September 2000, the US dollar has been the sole legal
tender in Ecuador.
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Egypt
Capital
Cairo
Central bank
Central Bank of Egypt
Central bank's website
http://www.cbe.org.eg/
Currency
Egyptian pound
ISO currency code
EGP
Subunits
100 piastres/1,000 milliems
Currency circulation
Egypt
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 2 January 2005
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 11 March 2009: Other managed arrangement
12 March 2009 - 31 March 2011: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
01 April 2011 - 09 November 2011: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
10 November 2011 - 02 July 2013: Crawl-likearrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Since 03 July 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Time series
BBEX3.A.EGP.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.EGP.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.EGP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.EGP.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.EGP.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.EGP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.EGP.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.EGP.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.EGP.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.EGP.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.EGP.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.EGP.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.EGP.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.EGP.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.EGP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.EGP.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.EGP.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.EGP.USD.CA.AC.A01
El Salvador
Capital
San Salvador
Central bank
Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador
Central bank's website
http://www.bcr.gob.sv
Currency
El Salvador colón
ISO currency code
SVC
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
El Salvador
IMF membership
Since 14 March 1946
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 06 November 1946
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2001: No separate legal tender
Comment
The US dollar is likewise legal tender alongside the El Salvador colón.
Time series
BBEX3.A.SVC.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SVC.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SVC.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SVC.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SVC.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SVC.USD.CA.AC.A01
Equatorial Guinea
Capital
Malabo
Central bank
Bank of Central African States (Banque des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale)
Central bank's website
http://www.beac.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XAF
Currency circulation
Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad,
Congo, Gabon
Legacy currency
Ekwele (plural: bipkwele)
Legacy currency's ISO currency GQE
code
Conversion rate
4 bipkwele = 1 CFA franc
with effect from 1 January 1985
Currency history
12 October 1969: Introduction of the Equatorial Guinean peseta
conversion rate: 1 (Spanish) peseta = 1 Equatorial Guinean peseta
29 September 1975: Introduction of the ekuele (GQE)
conversion rate: 1 Equatorial Guinean peseta = 1 ekuele
15 March 1981: Introduction of the ekwele (plural: bipkwele)
conversion rate: 1 ekuele = 1 ekwele
1 January 1985: Introduction of the CFA franc (XAF)
conversion rate: 4 bipkwele = 1 CFA franc
IMF membership
Since 22 December 1969
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 12 October 1968
Member state of the Central African Economic and Monetary
Community (CEMAC = Communauté Économique et Monétaire de
l'Afrique Centrale)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XAF.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XAF.USD.CA.AC.A01
Eritrea
Capital
Asmara
Currency
Nakfa
ISO currency code
ERN
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Eritrea
Legacy currency
Ethiopian birr
Legacy currency's ISO currency ETB
code
Conversion rate
1 Ethiopian birr = 1 nakfa
with effect from 8 November 1997
Currency history
8 November 1997: Introduction of the nakfa (ERN)
conversion rate: 1 (Ethiopian) birr = 1 nakfa
IMF membership
Since 6 July 1994
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 July 2000: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee but
no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent (from Ethiopia) since 24 May 1993
Time series
BBEX3.A.ERN.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ERN.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ERN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ERN.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ERN.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ERN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.ERN.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ERN.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ERN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ERN.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ERN.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ERN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Estonia
Capital
Tallinn
Central bank
Bank of Estonia (Eesti Pank)
Central bank's website
http://www.eestipank.ee/en
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Estonian kroon
Legacy currency's ISO currency EEK
code
Conversion rate
15.6466 Estonian kroons = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 2011
Currency history
20 June 1992: Introduction of the Estonian kroon (EEK)
conversion rate: generally 10 roubles = 1 Estonian kroon. Cash
amounts exceeding 1,500 roubles were converted at a rate of 50
roubles = 1 Estonian kroon
1 January 2011: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 15.6466 Estonian kroons = 1 euro
IMF membership
Since 26 May 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 August 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
20 June 1992 - 31 December 1998: Pegged to the Deutsche Mark
1 January 1999 - 31 December 2010: Pegged to the euro (from 28
June 2004: Exchange rate mechanism II)
Since 1 January 2011: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 2011)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Ethiopia
Capital
Addis Ababa
Central bank
National Bank of Ethiopia
Central bank's website
http://www.nbe.gov.et
Currency
Birr
ISO currency code
ETB
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Ethiopia
Legacy currency
Ethiopian dollar
Conversion rate
1 Ethiopian dollar = 1 birr
with effect from 21 September 1976
Currency history
21 September 1976: Introduction of the birr (ETB)
conversion rate: 1 Ethiopian dollar = 1 birr
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Ethiopia maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.ETB.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ETB.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ETB.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ETB.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ETB.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ETB.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.ETB.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ETB.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ETB.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ETB.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ETB.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ETB.USD.CA.AC.A01
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Capital
Stanley
Currency
Falkland Islands pound
ISO currency code
FKP
Subunits
100 pence (since the introduction of the decimal currency on 15
February 1971)
Currency circulation
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
British Overseas Territory
Value (1:1) against the pound sterling
Time series
BBEX3.A.FKP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.FKP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.FKP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.FKP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Fiji
Capital
Suva
Central bank
Reserve Bank of Fiji
Central bank's website
http://www.reservebank.gov.fj/
Currency
Fiji dollar
ISO currency code
FJD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Fiji
Legacy currency
Fiji pound
Conversion rate
1 Fiji pound = 2 Fiji dollar
with effect from 13 January 1969
Currency history
13 January 1969: Introduction of the Fiji dollar (FJD)
conversion rate: 1 Fiji pound = 2 Fiji dollar
IMF membership
Since 28 May 1971
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 4 August 1972
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent (from Great Britain) since 10 October 1970
Time series
BBEX3.A.FJD.EUR.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.FJD.EUR.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.FJD.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.FJD.USD.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.FJD.USD.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.FJD.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.FJD.EUR.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.FJD.EUR.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.FJD.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.FJD.USD.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.FJD.USD.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.FJD.USD.CM.AC.A01
Finland
Capital
Helsinki
Central bank
Bank of Finland
Central bank's website
http://www.bof.fi/en
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Finnish markka
Legacy currency's ISO currency FIM
code
Conversion rate
5.94573 Finnish markkaa = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1963: Introduction of the (new) Finnish markka (FIM)
conversion rate: 100 Finnish markkaa (old) = 1 Finnish markka (new)
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 5.94573 Finnish markkaa = 1 euro (initially only as
book money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 14 January 1948
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 25 September 1979
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
4 June 1973 - 6 June 1991: Pegged to a trade weighted currency
basket
7 June 1991 - 7 September 1992: Pegged to the ECU
8 September 1992 - 13 October 1996: Independently floating
14 October 1996 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
France
Capital
Paris
Central bank
Banque de France
Central bank's website
http://www.banque-france.fr/en/home.html
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
French franc
Legacy currency's ISO currency FRF
code
Conversion rate
6.55957 French francs = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1960: Introduction of the French new franc
conversion rate: 100 French franc = 1 French new franc (designated
as French franc (FRF) since 1 January 1963)
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 6.55957 French franc = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
24 April 1972 - 20 January 1974: Cooperative arrangement (European
common margins arrangement)
21 January 1974: Withdrawal from the cooperative arrangement
(European common margins arrangement)
21 January 1974 - 9 July 1975: Independently floating
10 July 1975 - 14 March 1976: Cooperative arrangement (European
common margins arrangement)
15 March 1976: Withdrawal from the cooperative arrangement
(European common margins arrangement)
15 March 1976 - 12 March 1979: Independently floating
13 March 1979 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Gabon
Capital
Libreville
Central bank
Bank of Central African States (Banque des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale)
Central bank's website
http://www.beac.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XAF
Currency circulation
Gabon, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial
Guinea
IMF membership
Since 10 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 17 August 1960
Member state of the Central African Economic and Monetary
Community (CEMAC = Communauté Économique et Monétaire de
l'Afrique Centrale)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XAF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Gambia
Capital
Banjul
Central bank
Central Bank of The Gambia
Central bank's website
http://www.cbg.gm
Currency
Dalasi
ISO currency code
GMD
Subunits
100 bututs
Currency circulation
Gambia
Legacy currency
Gambian pound
Conversion rate
1 Gambian pound = 5 dalasi
with effect from 1 July 1971
Currency history
5 October 1964: Introduction of the Gambian pound
conversion rate: 1 West African pound = 1 Gambian pound
1 July 1971: Introduction of the dalasi (GMD)
conversion rate: 1 Gambian pound = 5 dalasi
IMF membership
Since 21 September 1967
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 21 January 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2012: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 January 2013 - 31 December 2013: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 January 2014: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Comment
Independent since 18 February 1965
Time series
BBEX3.A.GMD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.GMD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.GMD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.GMD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.GMD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.GMD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.GMD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.GMD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.GMD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GMD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.GMD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.GMD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Georgia
Capital
Tbilisi
Central bank
National Bank of Georgia
Central bank's website
http://www.nbg.gov.ge
Currency
Lari
ISO currency code
GEL
Subunits
100 tetri
Currency circulation
Georgia
Legacy currency
Georgian coupon
Legacy currency's ISO currency GEK
code
Conversion rate
1,000,000 Georgian coupons = 1 lari
with effect from 25 September 1995
Currency history
5 April 1993: Introduction of the Georgian coupon as a new legal
tender in parallel to the rouble
3 August 1993: The Georgian coupon (GEK) becomes the sole legal
tender
conversion rate: 1 rouble = 1 Georgian coupon
25 September 1995: Introduction of the lari (GEL)
conversion rate: 1,000,000 Georgian coupon = 1 lari
IMF membership
Since 05 May 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 20 December 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 August 2008: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 September 2008 - 05 March 2009: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
06 March 2009 - 31 December 2009: Other managed arrangement
01 January 2010 - 30 June 2012: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 July 2012 - 05 November 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 06 November 2013: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.GEL.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.GEL.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.GEL.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.GEL.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.GEL.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GEL.USD.CA.AC.A01
Germany
Capital
Berlin
Central bank
Deutsche Bundesbank
Central bank's website
http://www.bundesbank.de
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Deutsche Mark
Legacy currency's ISO currency DEM
code
Conversion rate
1.95583 Deutsche Mark = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
21 June 1948: Introduction of the Deutsche Mark (DEM)
general conversion rate: 10 Reichsmark = 1 Deutsche Mark (for
certain old cash balances: 100 Reichsmark = 6.50 Deutsche Mark
for certain Reichsmark liabilities: 1 Reichsmark = 1 Deutsche Mark)
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 1.95583 Deutsche Mark = 1 euro (initially only as
book money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
Former German Democratic Republic (GDR)
24 June 1948: Conversion from Reichsmark to Reichsmark with
adhesive special coupons, generally at a rate of 10:1
25 July 1948: Introduction of the Deutsche Mark of the German
central bank
conversion rate: 1 Reichsmark with adhesive special coupon = 1
Deutsche Mark of the German central bank
1 August 1964: Introduction of the Mark of the German central bank
conversion rate: 1 Deutsche Mark of the German central bank = 1
Mark of the German central bank
1 January 1968: Introduction of the Mark of the German Democratic
Republic
conversion rate: 1 Mark of the German central bank = 1 Mark of the
German Democratic Republic
1 July 1990: Introduction of the Deutsche Mark
general conversion rate: 2 Mark of the German Democratic Republic
= 1 Deutsche Mark (depending on the age of the citizens of the former
GDR entitled to convert currency, credit balances of up to 2,000,
4,000 or 6,000 Mark of the German DemocraticRepublic per capita
were converted at a rate of 1:1)
IMF membership
Since 14 August 1952
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
24 April 1972 - 12 March 1979: Cooperative arrangement (European
common margins arrangement)
13 March 1979 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Ghana
Capital
Accra
Central bank
Bank of Ghana
Central bank's website
http://www.bog.gov.gh/
Currency
Ghana cedi
ISO currency code
GHS
Subunits
100 Ghana pesewas
Currency circulation
Ghana
Legacy currency
Cedi
Legacy currency's ISO currency GHC
code
Conversion rate
10,000 cedi = 1 Ghana cedi
with effect from 1 July 2007
Currency history
14 July 1958: Introduction of the Ghana pound
conversion rate: 1 West African pound = 1 Ghana pound
19 July 1965: Introduction of the cedi
conversion rate: 1 Ghana pound = 2.40 cedi
23 February 1967: Introduction of the new cedi
conversion rate: 1.20 cedi = 1 new cedi (from 16 February 1972 cedi
(GHC))
1 July 2007: Introduction of the Ghana cedi (GHS)
conversion rate: 10,000 cedi = 1 Ghana cedi
IMF membership
Since 20 September 1957
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 2 February 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
Independent (from Great Britain) since 6 March 1957
Time series
BBEX3.A.GHS.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.GHS.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.GHS.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.GHS.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.GHS.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.GHS.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.GHS.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.GHS.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.GHS.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GHS.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.GHS.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.GHS.USD.CA.AC.A01
Gibraltar
Currency
Gibraltar pound
ISO currency code
GIP
Subunits
100 pence (since the introduction of the decimal currency on 15
February 1971)
Currency circulation
Gibraltar
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
British Overseas Territory
Value (1:1) against the pound sterling
Time series
BBEX3.A.GIP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.GIP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.GIP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GIP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Greece
Capital
Athens
Central bank
Bank of Greece
Central bank's website
http://www.bankofgreece.gr/pages/en/default.aspx
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Greek drachma
Legacy currency's ISO currency GRD
code
Conversion rate
340.750 Greek drachmas = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 2001
Currency history
1 May 1954: Introduction of the (new) drachma (GRD)
conversion rate: 1,000 drachmas (old) = 1 drachma (new)
1 January 2001: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 340.750 drachmas = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 22 July 1992
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
8 March 1975 - 1976: Pegged to a trade weighted currency basket
1976 - 15 March 1998: Other managed floating
16 March 1998 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
1 January 1999 - 31 December 2000: Pegged to the euro (Exchange
rate mechanism II)
Since 1 January 2001: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 2001)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Grenada
Capital
St. George's
Central bank
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.eccb-centralbank.org
Currency
East Caribbean dollar
ISO currency code
XCD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Grenada, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Montserrat, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Legacy currency
British West Indies dollar
Conversion rate
1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
IMF membership
Since 27 August 1975
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 24 Januar 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Comment
Independent since 7 February 1974 (formerly: British colony)
Grenada participates in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union.
Time series
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Guatemala
Capital
Guatemala City
Central bank
Banco de Guatemala
Central bank's website
http://www.banguat.gob.gt
Currency
Quetzal
ISO currency code
GTQ
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Guatemala
IMF membership
Since 28 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 27 Januar 1947
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 May 2011: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
01 June 2011 - 12 March 2012: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
13 March 2012 - 15 November 2012: Floating (market-determined
with more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 16 November 2012: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central
rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Guatemala maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US
dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.GTQ.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.GTQ.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.GTQ.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GTQ.USD.CA.AC.A01
Guinea
Capital
Conakry
Central bank
Banque Centrale de la Republique de Guinee
Central bank's website
http://www.bcrg-guinee.org
Currency
Guinean franc
ISO currency code
GNF
Currency circulation
Guinea
Legacy currency
Syli
Legacy currency's ISO currency GNS
code
Conversion rate
1 syli = 1 Guinean franc
with effect from 6 January 1986
Currency history
1 March 1960: Introduction of the Guinean franc
conversion rate: 1 CFA franc = 1 Guinean franc
2 October 1972: Introduction of the syli (GNS)
conversion rate: 10 Guinean franc = 1 syli
6 January 1986: Introduction of the Guinean franc (GNF)
conversion rate: 1 syli = 1 Guinean franc
IMF membership
Since 28 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 17 November 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 May 2009: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
01 June 2009 - 25 August 2013: Other managed arrangement
Since 26 August 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within
a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Independent since 2 October 1958
Guinea maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.GNF.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.GNF.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.GNF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.GNF.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.GNF.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.GNF.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.GNF.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.GNF.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.GNF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GNF.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.GNF.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.GNF.USD.CA.AC.A01
Guinea-Bissau
Capital
Bissau
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Guinea-Bissau, Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
Legacy currency
Guinea-Bissau peso
Legacy currency's ISO currency GWP
code
Conversion rate
65 Guinea-Bissau pesos = 1 CFA franc
with effect from 2 May 1997
Currency history
28 February 1976: Introduction of the Guinean peso (GWP)
conversion rate: 1 Guinean escudo (GWE) = 1 Guinean peso
2 May 1997: Introduction of the CFA franc (XOF)
conversion rate: 65 Guinean pesos = 1 CFA franc
IMF membership
Since 24 March 1977
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 January 1997
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 24 September 1973
Since 17 April 1997 member state of the West African Economic and
Monetary Union (UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest
Africaine)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Guyana
Capital
Georgetown
Central bank
Bank of Guyana
Central bank's website
http://www.bankofguyana.org.gy
Currency
Guyana dollar
ISO currency code
GYD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Guyana
Legacy currency
British West Indies dollar
Conversion rate
1 British West Indies dollar = 1 Guyana dollar
with effect from 15 November 1965
Currency history
15 November 1965: Introduction of the Guyana dollar (GYD)
conversion rate: 1 British West Indies dollar = 1 Guyana dollar
IMF membership
Since 26 September 1966
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 27 Dezember 1966
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Independent since 26 May 1966 (formerly: British colony)
Time series
BBEX3.A.GYD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.GYD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.GYD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.GYD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.GYD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.GYD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.GYD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.GYD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.GYD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GYD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.GYD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.GYD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Haiti
Capital
Port-au-Prince
Central bank
Banque de la République d'Haiti
Central bank's website
http://www.brh.net/
Currency
Gourde
ISO currency code
HTG
Subunits
100 centimes
Currency circulation
Haiti
IMF membership
Since 08 September 1953
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 22 Dezember 1953
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 January 2009 - 10 January 2010: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
11 January 2010 - 02 March 2010: Other managed arrangement
Since 03 March 2010: Crawl-like arrangement (moving centralrate
with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Haiti maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.HTG.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.HTG.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.HTG.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.HTG.USD.CA.AC.A01
Honduras
Capital
Tegucigalpa
Central bank
Banco Central de Honduras
Central bank's website
http://www.bch.hn/
Currency
Lempira
ISO currency code
HNL
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Honduras
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 Juli 1950
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 24 July 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 25 July 2011: Crawling peg (moving central rate without a
band)
Time series
BBEX3.A.HNL.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.HNL.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.HNL.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.HNL.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.HNL.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.HNL.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.HNL.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.HNL.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.HNL.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.HNL.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.HNL.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.HNL.USD.CA.AC.A01
Hong Kong
Capital
Hong Kong
Central bank
Hong Kong Monetary Authority
Central bank's website
http://www.hkma.gov.hk/
Currency
Hong Kong dollar
ISO currency code
HKD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Hong Kong, Macao
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Time series
BBEX3.A.HKD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.HKD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.HKD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.HKD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.HKD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.HKD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.HKD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.HKD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.HKD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.HKD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.HKD.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.HKD.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.HKD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.HKD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.HKD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.HKD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.HKD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.HKD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.HKD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Hungary
Capital
Budapest
Central bank
Central Bank of Hungary
Central bank's website
http://english.mnb.hu
Currency
Hungarian forint
ISO currency code
HUF
Subunits
100 fillér
Currency circulation
Hungary
IMF membership
Since 06 May 1982
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 January 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 28 February 2009: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
Since 01 March 2009: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.HUF.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.HUF.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.HUF.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.HUF.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.HUF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.HUF.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.HUF.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.HUF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.HUF.USD.CA.AC.A01
Iceland
Capital
Reykjavík
Central bank
Sedlabanki Islands
Central bank's website
http://www.sedlabanki.is
Currency
Icelandic krona
ISO currency code
ISK
Currency circulation
Iceland
Legacy currency's ISO currency ISK
code
Conversion rate
100 Icelandic krona (old) = 1 Icelandic krona (new)
with effect from 1 January 1981
Currency history
1 January 1981: Introduction of the new Icelandic krona (ISK)
conversion rate: 100 Icelandic krona (old) = 1 Icelandic krona (new)
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 19 September 1983
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 14 October 2008: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
Since 15 October 2008: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.ISK.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.ISK.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.ISK.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ISK.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.ISK.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ISK.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ISK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ISK.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ISK.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ISK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.ISK.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.ISK.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.ISK.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.ISK.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.ISK.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.ISK.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.ISK.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ISK.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ISK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ISK.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ISK.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ISK.USD.CA.AC.A01
India
Capital
New Delhi
Central bank
Reserve Bank of India
Central bank's website
http://www.rbi.org.in
Currency
Indian rupee
ISO currency code
INR
Subunits
100 paise (since the introduction of the decimal currency on 1 April
1957)
Currency circulation
India
Bhutan
Zimbabwe
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 20 August 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
Units of account for larger amounts are as follows: 1 lakh (in digits:
1,00,000) = 100,000 rupees
1 crore (in digits: 1,00,00,000) = 100 lakh = 10,000,000 rupees.
Time series
BBEX3.A.INR.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.INR.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.INR.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.INR.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.INR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.INR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.INR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.INR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.INR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.INR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.INR.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.INR.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.INR.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.INR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.INR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.INR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.INR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.INR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.INR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Indonesia
Capital
Jakarta
Central bank
Bank Indonesia
Central bank's website
http://www.bi.go.id/web/en
Currency
Indonesian rupiah
ISO currency code
IDR
Subunits
100 sen
Currency circulation
Indonesia
Legacy currency
Indonesian rupiah
Conversion rate
1,000 Indonesian rupiah (old) = 1 Indonesian rupiah (new)
with effect from 13 December 1965
Currency history
3 October 1951: Introduction of the Indonesian rupiah
conversion rate: 1 Indonesian guilder = 1 Indonesian rupiah
13 December 1965: Introduction of the new Indonesian rupiah (IDR)
conversion rate: 1,000 Indonesian rupiah (old) = 1 Indonesian rupiah
(new)
IMF membership
Since 21 February 1967
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 7 May 1988
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 20 June 2010: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
21 June 2010 - 13 February 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
14 February 2011 - 31 May 2012: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 June 2012- 18 August 2013: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Since 19 August 2013: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.IDR.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.IDR.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.IDR.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.IDR.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.IDR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.IDR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.IDR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.IDR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.IDR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.IDR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.IDR.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.IDR.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.IDR.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.IDR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.IDR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.IDR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.IDR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.IDR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.IDR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Capital
Tehran
Central bank
Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Central bank's website
http://www.cbi.ir/default_en.aspx
Currency
Iranian rial
ISO currency code
IRR
Subunits
100 dinars
Currency circulation
Iran, Islamic Republic of
IMF membership
Since 28 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 6 September 2004
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 09 June 2009: Other managed arrangement
10 June 2009 - 30. April 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 May 2011 - 02 July 2013: Other managed arrangement
03 July 2013 - 23 March 2014: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 24 March 2014: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate
with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Alongside the official exchange rates, there are bureau de change
rates (see time series).
The term "toman" (an old Persian currency) is also used to denote 10
Iranian rials.
The Islamic Republic of Iran maintains a de facto exchange rate
anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.IRR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.IRR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.IRR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.IRR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Iraq
Capital
Baghdad
Central bank
Central Bank of Iraq
Central bank's website
http://www.cbi.iq
Currency
Iraqi dinar
ISO currency code
IQD
Subunits
1,000 fils
Currency circulation
Iraq
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
01 November 2006 - 31 December 2008: Crawling peg (moving
central rate without a band)
01 January 2009 - 14 January 2012: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 15 January 2012: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.IQD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.IQD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.IQD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.IQD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.IQD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.IQD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.IQD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.IQD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.IQD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.IQD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.IQD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.IQD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Ireland
Capital
Dublin
Central bank
Central Bank of Ireland
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.ie/
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Irish pound
Legacy currency's ISO currency IEP
code
Conversion rate
0.787564 Irish pounds = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 0.787564 Irish pounds = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 8 August 1957
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
1826 - 29 March 1979: Pegged to the British pound sterling
13 March 1979 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Israel
Capital
Jerusalem
Central bank
Bank of Israel
Central bank's website
http://www.bankisrael.org.il
Currency
New Israeli sheqel
ISO currency code
ILS
Subunits
100 agorot
Currency circulation
Israel
Legacy currency
Sheqel
Conversion rate
1,000 sheqel = 1 New Israeli sheqel
with effect from 4 September 1985
Currency history
17 August 1948: Introduction of the Israeli pound (ILP)
conversion rate: 1 Palestine pound = 1 Israeli pound
22 February 1980: Introduction of the sheqel (ILS)
conversion rate: 10 Israeli pound = 1 sheqel
4 September 1985: Introduction of the new Israeli sheqel
conversion rate: 1,000 sheqel = 1 new Israeli sheqel
IMF membership
Since 12 July 1954
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 21 September 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 09 August 2009: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
10 August 2009 - 31 July 2011: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 August 2011 - 12 May 2013: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Since 13 May 2013: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.ILS.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.ILS.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.ILS.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ILS.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.ILS.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ILS.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.ILS.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.ILS.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ILS.USD.CA.AC.A01
Italy
Capital
Rome
Central bank
Bank of Italy
Central bank's website
http://www.bancaditalia.it
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Italian lira
Legacy currency's ISO currency ITL
code
Conversion rate
1,936.27 Italian lire = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 1,936.27 Italian lire = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 27 March 1947
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
24 April 1972 - 12 February 1973: Cooperative arrangement
(European common margins arrangement)
13 February 1973: Withdrawal from the cooperative arrangement
(European common margins arrangement)
13 February 1973 - 12 March 1979: Independently floating
13 March 1979 - 16 September 1992: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
17 September 1992: Withdrawal from the European Monetary System
17 September 1992 - 24 November 1996: Independently floating
25 November 1996 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Jamaica
Capital
Kingston
Central bank
Bank of Jamaica
Central bank's website
http://www.boj.org.jm/
Currency
Jamaican dollar
ISO currency code
JMD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Jamaica
Legacy currency
Jamaican pound
Conversion rate
1 Jamaican pound = 2 Jamaican dollar
with effect from 8 September 1969
Currency history
8 September 1969: Introduction of the Jamaican dollar (JMD)
conversion rate: 1 Jamaican pound = 2 Jamaican dollar
IMF membership
Since 21 February 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 22 Februar 1963
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 09 February 2009: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
10 February 2009 - 31 May 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 June 2011: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Independent since 6 August 1962 (formerly: British colony)
Time series
BBEX3.A.JMD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.JMD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.JMD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.JMD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.JMD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.JMD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.JMD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.JMD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.JMD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.JMD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.JMD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.JMD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Japan
Capital
Tokyo
Central bank
Bank of Japan
Central bank's website
http://www.boj.or.jp/en/
Currency
Japanese yen
ISO currency code
JPY
Subunits
100 sen
Currency circulation
Japan
Zimbabwe
IMF membership
Since 13 August 1952
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 April 1964
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 14 February 1973: Independently floating
Time series
BBEX3.A.JPY.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.JPY.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.JPY.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.JPY.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.JPY.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.JPY.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.JPY.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.JPY.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.JPY.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.JPY.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.JPY.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.JPY.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.JPY.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.JPY.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.JPY.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.JPY.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.JPY.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.JPY.USD.CA.AA.A02
BBEX3.M.JPY.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.JPY.USD.CA.AB.A02
BBEX3.M.JPY.USD.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.JPY.USD.CA.AC.A02
Jordan
Capital
Amman
Central bank
Central Bank of Jordan
Central bank's website
http://www.cbj.gov.jo/
Currency
Jordanian dinar
ISO currency code
JOD
Subunits
1,000 fils
Currency circulation
Jordan
Legacy currency
Palestine pound
Conversion rate
1 Palestine pound = 1 Jordanian dinar
with effect from 1 July 1950
Currency history
1 July 1950: Introduction of the Jordanian dinar (JOD)
conversion rate: 1 Palestine pound = 1 Jordanian dinar
IMF membership
Since 29 August 1952
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 20 February 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.JOD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.JOD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.JOD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.JOD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.JOD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.JOD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.JOD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.JOD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.JOD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.JOD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.JOD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.JOD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Kazakhstan
Capital
Astana
Central bank
National Bank of Kazakhstan
Central bank's website
http://www.nationalbank.kz
Currency
Tenge
ISO currency code
KZT
Subunits
100 tiyn
Currency circulation
Kazakhstan
Legacy currency
Rouble
Legacy currency's ISO currency RUR
code
Conversion rate
500 rouble = 1 tenge, with effect from 15. November 1993
Currency history
15 November 1993: Introduction of the tenge (KZT)
conversion rate: 500 rouble = 1 tenge
IMF membership
Since 15 July 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 16 July 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 03 February 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
04 February 2009 - 30 April 2009: Pegged exchange rate within
horizontal bands
01 May 2009 - 27 October 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
28 October2009 - 10 February 2014: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Since 11 February 2014: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Time series
BBEX3.A.KZT.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.KZT.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.KZT.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.KZT.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.KZT.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KZT.USD.CA.AC.A01
Kenya
Capital
Nairobi
Central bank
Central Bank of Kenya
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.go.ke/
Currency
Kenya shilling
ISO currency code
KES
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Kenya
Legacy currency
East African shilling
Conversion rate
1 East African shilling = 1 Kenya shilling
with effect from 14 September 1966
Currency history
14 September 1966: Introduction of the Kenya shilling (KES)
conversion rate: 1 East African shilling = 1 Kenya shilling
IMF membership
Since 3 February 1964
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 30 June 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
The term "Kenya pound" is a unit of account equivalent to 20 Kenya
shillings.
Time series
BBEX3.A.KES.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KES.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KES.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.KES.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KES.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KES.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.KES.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KES.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KES.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KES.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KES.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KES.USD.CA.AC.A01
Kiribati
Capital
Bairiki/Tarawa
Currency
Australian dollar
ISO currency code
AUD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Australia, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Kiribati, Nauru, Norfolk
Island, Tuvalu
IMF membership
Since 3 June 1986
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 22 August 1986
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: No separate legal tender
Comment
Independent since 12 July 1979
local currency is also in use.
Time series
BBEX3.A.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.AUD.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AUD.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.AUD.USD.CM.AC.000
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AUD.USD.CM.AC.A01
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
Capital
Pyongyang
Central bank
Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Currency
North Korean won
ISO currency code
KPW
Subunits
100 chon
Currency circulation
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
Legacy currency
Won
Conversion rate
100 North Korean won (old) = 1 North Korean won (new)
with effect from 1 January 2010
Currency history
February 1959: Introduction of the new North Korean won (KPW)
conversion rate: 100 North Korean won (old) = 1 North Korean won
(new)
1 January 2010: Introduction of the new North Korean won (KPW)
conversion rate: 100 North Korean won (old) = 1 North Korean won
(new)
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
According to unconfirmed press reports, the currency changeover
occurred at the end of November/beginning of December 2009. Until
the end of December 2009, exchange rates were communicated in
won (old)
according to the Foreign Trade Bank of the Democratic People's
Republic of Korea, the "new" rates took effect from 1 January 2010.
Time series
BBEX3.A.KPW.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KPW.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KPW.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.KPW.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KPW.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KPW.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.KPW.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KPW.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KPW.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KPW.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KPW.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KPW.USD.CA.AC.A01
Korea, Republic of
Capital
Seoul
Central bank
The Bank of Korea
Central bank's website
http://eng.bok.or.kr/
Currency
South Korean won
ISO currency code
KRW
Subunits
100 chon
Currency circulation
Korea, Republic of
Legacy currency
Hwan
Conversion rate
10 hwan = 1 South Korean won
with effect from 10 June 1962
Currency history
17 February 1953: Introduction of the hwan
conversion rate: 100 won = 1 hwan
10 June 1962: Introduction of the South Korean won (KRW)
conversion rate: 10 hwan = 1 South Korean won
IMF membership
Since 26 August 1955
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 November 1988
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 30 April 2009: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Since 01 May 2009: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.KRW.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.KRW.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.KRW.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KRW.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.KRW.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KRW.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KRW.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.KRW.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KRW.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KRW.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.KRW.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.KRW.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.KRW.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.KRW.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KRW.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KRW.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KRW.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KRW.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KRW.USD.CA.AC.A01
Kosovo
Capital
Pristina
Currency
Euro
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 29 June 2009: No seperate legal tender
Comment
Independent (from Serbia) since 17 February 2008
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Kuwait
Capital
Kuwait
Central bank
Central Bank of Kuwait
Central bank's website
http://www.cbk.gov.kw
Currency
Kuwaiti dinar
ISO currency code
KWD
Subunits
1,000 fils
Currency circulation
Kuwait
Legacy currency
Gulf rupee (parity (1:1) with the Indian rupee)
Conversion rate
1 Gulf rupee = 0,075 Kuwaiti dinar
with effect from 1 April 1961
Currency history
1 April 1961: Introduction of the Kuwaiti dinar (KWD)
conversion rate: 1 Gulf rupee = 0.075 Kuwaiti dinar
IMF membership
Since 13 September 1962
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 5 April 1963
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
01 January 1999 - 31 December 2008: Conventional peg (exchange
rate guarantee but no irrevocable parity)
01 January 2009 - 28 February 2009: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 March 2009: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 19 June 1961
Time series
BBEX3.A.KWD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KWD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KWD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.KWD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.KWD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.KWD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.KWD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KWD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KWD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KWD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.KWD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.KWD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Kyrgyzstan
Capital
Bishkek
Central bank
National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic
Central bank's website
http://www.nbkr.kg
Currency
Kyrgyz som
ISO currency code
KGS
Subunits
100 tyiyn
Currency circulation
Kyrgyzstan
Legacy currency
Soviet rouble
Legacy currency's ISO currency RUR
code
Conversion rate
200 Soviet rouble = 1 Kyrgyz som
with effect from 10 May 1993
Currency history
10 May 1993: Introduction of the Kyrgyz som (KGS)
conversion rate: 200 rouble = 1 Kyrgyz som
IMF membership
Since 08 May 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 29 März 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Other managed arrangement
Time series
BBEX3.A.KGS.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.KGS.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.KGS.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.KGS.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.KGS.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.KGS.USD.CA.AC.A01
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Capital
Vientiane
Central bank
Bank of the Lao PDR
Central bank's website
http://www.bol.gov.la/english/index1.php
Currency
Kip
ISO currency code
LAK
Currency circulation
Lao People`s Democratic Republic
Legacy currency
Liberation kip
Legacy currency's ISO currency LAK
code
Conversion rate
100 libération kip = 1 kip
with effect from 10 December 1979
Currency history
5 May 1955: Introduction of the kip
conversion rate: 1 Indochinese piastre = 1 kip
15 June 1976: Introduction of the kip de libération (LAK)
conversion rate: 20 kip = 1 kip de libération
10 December 1979: Introduction of the kip (also initially know as the
new kip)
conversion rate: 100 kip de libération = 1 kip
IMF membership
Since 5 July 1961
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 28 May 2010
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 11 September 2008: Other managed arrangement
12 September 2008 - 31 December 2012: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 January 2013: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate
with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Lao maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.LAK.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.LAK.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.LAK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.LAK.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.LAK.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.LAK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.LAK.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.LAK.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.LAK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.LAK.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.LAK.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.LAK.USD.CA.AC.A01
Latvia
Capital
Riga
Central bank
Bank of Latvia
Central bank's website
http://www.bank.lv/
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Latvian lats
Legacy currency's ISO currency LVL
code
Conversion rate
0.702804 Latvian lats = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 2014
Currency history
7 May 1992: Introduction of the Latvian rouble (LVR)
conversion rate: 1 rouble = 1 Latvian rouble
the rouble was also legal tender until 19 July 1992
28 June 1993: Introduction of the lats (LVL)
conversion rate: 200 Latvian roubles = 1 lats
the Latvian rouble was also legal tender (at this rate) until 17 October
1993
1 January 2014: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 0.702804 lats = 1 euro
IMF membership
Since 19 May 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 10 June 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
19 May 1992 - 19 July 1992: Pegged to the Russian rouble
20 July 1992 - 31 January 1994: Independently floating
1 February 1994 - 31 December 2004: Pegged to the SDR
1 January 2005 - 31 December 2013: Pegged to the euro (from 2
May 2005: Exchange rate mechanism II)
Since 1 January 2014: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 2014)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Lebanon
Capital
Beirut
Central bank
Banque du Liban
Central bank's website
http://www.bdl.gov.lb
Currency
Lebanese pound
ISO currency code
LBP
Subunits
100 piastres
Currency circulation
Lebanon
IMF membership
Since 14 April 1947
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 July 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Time series
BBEX3.A.LBP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.LBP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.LBP.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.LBP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.LBP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Lesotho
Capital
Maseru
Central bank
Central Bank of Lesotho
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.org.ls
Currency
Loti (plural: maloti)
ISO currency code
LSL
Subunits
100 lisente
Currency circulation
Lesotho
Legacy currency
South African rand
Legacy currency's ISO currency ZAR
code
Conversion rate
1 South African rand = 1 loti
with effect from 19 January 1980
Currency history
19 January 1980: Introduction of the loti (LSL)
conversion rate: 1 (South African) rand = 1 loti
IMF membership
Since 25 July 1968
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 5 March 1997
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
The South African rand is likewise legal tender alongside the loti.
Time series
BBEX3.A.LSL.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.LSL.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.LSL.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.LSL.USD.CA.AC.A01
Liberia
Capital
Monrovia
Central bank
Central Bank of Liberia
Central bank's website
http://www.cbl.org.lr/
Currency
Liberian dollar
ISO currency code
LRD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Liberia
IMF membership
Since 28 March 1962
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 28 February 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 March 2009 - 04 January 2011: Other managed arrangement
05 January 2011 - 06 November 2011: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 07 November 2011: Other managed arrangement
Comment
The US dollar is likewise legal tender alongside the Liberian dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.LRD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.LRD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.LRD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.LRD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.LRD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.LRD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.LRD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.LRD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.LRD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.LRD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.LRD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.LRD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Libya
Capital
Tripoli
Central bank
Central Bank of Libya
Central bank's website
http://www.cbl.gov.ly/eng/
Currency
Libyan dinar
ISO currency code
LYD
Subunits
1,000 dirham
Currency circulation
Libya
Legacy currency
Libyan pound
Conversion rate
1 Libyan pound = 1 Libyan dinar
with effect from 1 September 1971
Currency history
24 March 1952: Introduction of the Libyan pound
conversion rate for Tripolitania: 480 British Military Authority lire = 1
Libyan pound, for Cyrenaica: 0.975 Egyptian pound = 1 Libyan pound,
for Fezzan: 980 Algerian francs = 1 Libyan pound
1 September 1971: Introduction of the Libyan dinar (LYD)
conversion rate: 1 Libyan pound = 1 Libyan dinar
IMF membership
Since 17 September 1958
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 21 June 2003
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 June 2001 - 11 March 2014: Conventional peg (exchange rate
guarantee but no irrevocable parity)
Seit 12 March 2014: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Independent as of 24 December 1951 as the United Kingdom of Libya
(comprised the three historical regions Tripolitania, Cyrenaica and
Fezzan).
As of 1 September 1969, the Libyan Arab Republic.
From March 1977 to 2011, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
Time series
BBEX3.A.LYD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.LYD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.LYD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.LYD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.LYD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.LYD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.LYD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.LYD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.LYD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.LYD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.LYD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.LYD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Lithuania
Capital
Vilnius
Central bank
The Bank of Lithuania
Central bank's website
http://www.lbank.lt
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Lithuanian litas
Legacy currency's ISO currency LTL
code
Conversion rate
3.45280 litas = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 2015
Currency history
1 October 1992: Having existed for some months in the form of
coupons, the temporary currency, the talonas (LTT), becomes the sole
legal tender
conversion rate: 1 rouble = 1 talonas
25 June 1993: Introduction of the litas (LTL)
conversion rate: 100 talonas = 1 litas. The talonas also remained
legal tender (at this rate) until 19 July 1993
1 January 2015: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 3.45280 litas = 1 euro
IMF membership
Since 29 April 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 3 May 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
1 May 1992 - 31 March 1994: Independently floating
1 April 1994 - 1 February 2002: Pegged to the US dollar
2 February 2002 - 31 December 2014: Pegged to the euro (from 28
June 2004: Exchange rate mechanism II)
Since 1 January 2015: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 2015)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Luxembourg
Capital
Luxembourg
Central bank
Central Bank of Luxembourg
Central bank's website
http://www.bcl.lu/en/index.php
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Luxembourg franc
Legacy currency's ISO currency LUF
code
Conversion rate
40.3399 Luxembourg francs = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 40.3399 Luxembourg francs = 1 euro (initially only as
book money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
24 April 1972 - 12 March 1979: Cooperative arrangement (European
common margins arrangement)
13 March 1979 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Macao
Capital
Macao
Central bank
Monetary Authority of Macao
Central bank's website
http://www.amcm.gov.mo/zh
Currency
Pataca
ISO currency code
MOP
Subunits
100 avos
Currency circulation
Macao
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
administered by Portugal up until 19 December 1999.
The Hong Kong dollar, to which the pataca is pegged at a rate
of HKD 100 = MOP 103, is in circulation as a common currency
alongside the pataca.
Time series
BBEX3.A.MOP.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MOP.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MOP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MOP.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MOP.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MOP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.MOP.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MOP.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MOP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MOP.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MOP.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MOP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of
Capital
Skopje
Central bank
National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia
Central bank's website
http://www.nbrm.mk
Currency
Macedonian denar
ISO currency code
MKD
Subunits
100 deni
Currency circulation
Macedonia
Legacy currency
Macedonian denar
Legacy currency's ISO currency MKD
code
Conversion rate
100 Macedonian denar (old) = 1 Macedonian denar (new)
Currency history
26 April 1992: Introduction of the Macedonian denar
conversion rate: 1 Yugoslav dinar = 1 Macedonian denar
10 May 1993: Introduction of the new Macedonian denar (MKD)
conversion rate: 100 Macedonian denar (old) = 1 Macedonian denar
(new)
IMF membership
Since 14 December 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 19 June 1998
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
On 8 April 1993, Macedonia was admitted to the United Nations
under the temporary designation "the former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia"
this designation is in use within the European Union until further
notice.
Time series
BBEX3.A.MKD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MKD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MKD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MKD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MKD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MKD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.MKD.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.MKD.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.MKD.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.MKD.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.MKD.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.MKD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.MKD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MKD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MKD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MKD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MKD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MKD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Madagascar
Capital
Antananarivo
Central bank
Central Bank of Madagascar
Central bank's website
http://www.banque-centrale.mg
Currency
Ariary
ISO currency code
MGA
Subunits
5 iraimbilanja
Currency circulation
Madagascar
Legacy currency
Malagasy franc
Legacy currency's ISO currency MGF
code
Conversion rate
5 Malagasy franc = 1 ariary
with effect from 31 July 2003
Currency history
1 July 1963: Introduction of the Malagasy franc (MGF)
conversion rate: 1 CFA franc = 1 Malagasy franc
31 July 2003: Introduction of the ariary (MGA)
conversion rate: 5 Malagasy franc = 1 ariary
IMF membership
Since 25 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 18 September 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
On 31 July 2003, the ariary was introduced as a new currency
alongside the Malagasy franc at a rate of 5 Malagasy franc = 1
ariary. Since this date, banknotes denominated in ariary have been in
circulation as legal tender alongside the Malagasy franc. Until the end
of 2004, all prices appeared in both currencies
since 1 January 2005, the ariary has been the sole legal tender.
Time series
BBEX3.A.MGA.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MGA.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.MGA.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.MGA.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.MGA.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MGA.USD.CA.AC.A01
Malawi
Capital
Lilongwe
Central bank
Reserve Bank of Malawi
Central bank's website
http://www.rbm.mw/
Currency
Malawi kwacha
ISO currency code
MWK
Subunits
100 tambala
Currency circulation
Malawi
Legacy currency
Malawi pound
Conversion rate
1 Malawi pound = 2 Malawi kwacha
with effect from 15 February 1971
Currency history
April 1957: Introduction of the Rhodesian pound
conversion rate: 1 Southern Rhodesian pound = 1 Rhodesian pound
16 November 1964: Introduction of the Malawi pound
conversion rate: 1 Rhodesian pound = 1 Malawi pound
15 February 1971: Introduction of the Malawi kwacha (MWK)
conversion rate: 1 Malawi pound = 2 Malawi kwacha
IMF membership
Since 19 July 1965
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 7 December 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 01 December 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
02 December 2009 - 31 January 2010: Other managed arrangement
01 February 2010 - 07 August 2011: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
08 August 2011 - 31 December 2012: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 January 2013: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Comment
From 1891 British protectorate, since 1907 named Nyasaland
1 August 1953 to 31 December 1963 part of the Federation of
Rhodesia and Nyasaland. On 6 July 1964, Nyasaland became
independent and was renamed Malawi.
Time series
BBEX3.A.MWK.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MWK.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MWK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MWK.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MWK.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MWK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.MWK.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MWK.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MWK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MWK.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MWK.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MWK.USD.CA.AC.A01
Malaysia
Capital
Kuala Lumpur
Seat of Government: Putrajaya
Central bank
Central Bank of Malaysia (Bank Negara Malaysia)
Central bank's website
http://www.bnm.gov.my/
Currency
Malaysian ringgit (until 20 August 1975 Malaysian dollar)
ISO currency code
MYR
Subunits
100 sen
Currency circulation
Malaysia
Legacy currency
Malayan dollar
Conversion rate
1 Malayan dollar = 1 Malaysian dollar
with effect from 12 June 1967
Currency history
12 June 1967: Introduction of the Malaysian dollar
conversion rate: 1 Malayan dollar = 1 Malaysian dollar
21 August 1975: Change of currency name from the Malaysian dollar
to the Malaysian ringgit (MYR)
IMF membership
Since 7 March 1958
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 11 November 1968
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 01 January 2009: Other managed arrangement
Time series
BBEX3.A.MYR.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.MYR.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.MYR.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MYR.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.MYR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MYR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MYR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MYR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MYR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MYR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.MYR.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.MYR.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.MYR.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.MYR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MYR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MYR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MYR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MYR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MYR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Maldives
Capital
Malé
Central bank
Maldives Monetary Authority
Central bank's website
http://www.mma.gov.mv
Currency
Rufiyaa (until 16 June 1981 Maldivian rupee)
ISO currency code
MVR
Subunits
100 laari
Currency circulation
Maldives
IMF membership
Since 13 January 1978
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
01 January 1999 - 10 April 2011: Conventional peg (exchange rate
guarantee but no irrevocable parity)
Since 11 April 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Time series
BBEX3.A.MVR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MVR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.MVR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MVR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Mali
Capital
Bamako
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Mali, Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
Legacy currency
Mali franc
Legacy currency's ISO currency MLF
code
Conversion rate
2 Malian francs = 1 CFA franc
with effect from 1 June 1984
Currency history
1 July 1962: Introduction of the Malian franc (MLF)
conversion rate: 1 CFA franc = 1 Malian franc
1 June 1984: Introduction of the CFA franc (XOF)
conversion rate: 2 Malian franc = 1 CFA franc
IMF membership
Since 27 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
On 20 June 1960, together with present-day Senegal independent
from France as the Mali Federation
on 22 September 1960 withdrawal from the Mali Federation and full
independence
Member state of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
(UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Malta
Capital
Valletta
Central bank
Central Bank of Malta
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbankmalta.org/
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Maltese lira
Legacy currency's ISO currency MTL
code
Conversion rate
0.429300 Maltese lira = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 2008
Currency history
1 January 1983: Change of currency name from the Maltese pound
(MTP) to the Maltese lira (MTL)
1 January 2008: Introduction of the euro
conversion rate: 0.429300 Maltese lira = 1 euro
IMF membership
Since 11 September 1968
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 30 November 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
8 July 1972 - 1 May 2005: Pegged to a trade weighted currency
basket
2 May 2005 - 31 December 2007: Pegged to the euro (Exchange rate
mechanism II)
Since 1 January 2008: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 2008)
Time series
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
Marshall Islands
Capital
Uliga / Majuro
Currency
US dollar
ISO currency code
USD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
United States, American Samoa, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Guam, Marshall Islands, Federated States of
Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico,
Saba, Saint Eustatius, Timor-Leste, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin
Islands of the United States, Zimbabwe
IMF membership
Since 21 May 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 21 Mai 1992
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: No separate legal tender
Comment
Independent since 22 December 1990 (formerly: United Nations Trust
Territory)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Mauritania
Capital
Nouakchott
Central bank
Banque Centrale de Mauritanie
Central bank's website
http://www.bcm.mr
Currency
Ouguiya
ISO currency code
MRO
Subunits
5 khoums
Currency circulation
Mauritania
Legacy currency
CFA franc
Legacy currency's ISO currency XOF
code
Conversion rate
5 CFA francs = 1 ouguiya
with effect from 29 June 1973
Currency history
29 June 1973: Introduction of the ouguiya (MRO)
conversion rate: 5 CFA francs = 1 ouguiya
IMF membership
Since 10 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 19 Juli 1999
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 19 November 2013: Other managed arrangement
Since 20 November 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Independent since 28 November 1960 (formerly: French colony)
Time series
BBEX3.A.MRO.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MRO.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MRO.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MRO.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MRO.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MRO.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.MRO.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MRO.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MRO.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MRO.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MRO.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MRO.USD.CA.AC.A01
Mauritius
Capital
Port Louis
Central bank
Bank of Mauritius
Central bank's website
http://bom.intnet.mu
Currency
Mauritian rupee
ISO currency code
MUR
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Mauritius
IMF membership
Since 23 September 1968
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 29 September 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 October 2008: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 November 2008 - 30 June 2010: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
Since 01 July 2010: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
Independent since 12 March 1968
Time series
BBEX3.A.MUR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MUR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MUR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MUR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MUR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MUR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.MUR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MUR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MUR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MUR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MUR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MUR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Mexico
Capital
Mexico City
Central bank
Banco de México
Central bank's website
http://www.banxico.org.mx
Currency
Mexican peso (until 31 December 1995 Mexican new peso)
ISO currency code
MXN
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Mexico
Legacy currency
Mexican peso
Legacy currency's ISO currency MXP
code
Conversion rate
1,000 Mexican pesos = 1 Mexican new peso
with effect from 1 January 1993
Currency history
1 January 1993: Introduction of the Mexican new peso (MXN)
conversion rate: 1,000 Mexican pesos = 1 Mexican new peso
(designated as Mexican peso since 1 January 1996)
IMF membership
Since 31 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 12 November 1946
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 08 October 2008: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
09 October 2008 - 31 October 2011: Floating (market-determined
with more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 01 November 2011: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Time series
BBEX3.A.MXN.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.MXN.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.MXN.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MXN.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.MXN.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MXN.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MXN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MXN.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MXN.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MXN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.MXN.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.MXN.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.MXN.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.MXN.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MXN.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MXN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MXN.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MXN.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MXN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Micronesia, Federated States of
Capital
Palikir
Currency
US dollar
ISO currency code
USD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
United States, American Samoa, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Guam, Marshall Islands, Federated States of
Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico,
Saba, Saint Eustatius, Timor-Leste, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin
Islands of the United States, Zimbabwe
IMF membership
Since 24 June 1993
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 24 Juni 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: No separate legal tender
Comment
Independent since 22 December 1990 (formerly: United Nations Trust
Territory)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Moldova, Republic of
Capital
Chisinau
Central bank
National Bank of Moldova
Central bank's website
http://www.bnm.org/en/home
Currency
Moldovan leu
ISO currency code
MDL
Subunits
100 bani
Currency circulation
Moldova, Republic of
Legacy currency
Moldovan rouble
Conversion rate
1,000 Moldovan rouble = 1 Moldovan leu
with effect from 29 November 1993
Currency history
June 1992: Introduction of the Moldovan rouble (in the form of
coupons) as legal tender in parallel to the (Soviet) rouble
End-July 1993: The Moldovan rouble becomes the sole legal tender
conversion rate: initially 1 rouble = 1 Moldovan rouble
then market price formation
29 November 1993: Introduction of the Moldovan leu (MDL)
conversionrate: 1,000 Moldovan rouble = 1 Moldovan leu
IMF membership
Since 12 August 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 30 June 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.MDL.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MDL.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.MDL.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.MDL.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.MDL.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MDL.USD.CA.AC.A01
Mongolia
Capital
Ulan Bator
Central bank
Bank of Mongolia
Central bank's website
http://www.mongolbank.mn
Currency
Togrog (The notation for foreign countries has changed from tugrik to
togrog on 12 December 1998.)
ISO currency code
MNT
Subunits
100 mongo
Currency circulation
Mongolia
IMF membership
Since 14 February 1991
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 February 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 October 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 November 2008 - 23 March 2009: Other managed arrangement
Since 24 March 2009: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.MNT.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MNT.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.MNT.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MNT.USD.CA.AC.A01
Montenegro
Capital
Podgorica
Central bank
Central Bank of Montenegro
Central bank's website
http://www.cb-mn.org/eng/
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Deutsche Mark
Legacy currency's ISO currency DEM
code
Conversion rate
1.95583 Deutsche Mark = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 1.95583 Deutsche Mark = 1 euro (initially only as
book money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 18 January 2007
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 18 January 2007
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 18 January 2007: No separate legal tender
Comment
Independent since 3 June 2006 (dissolution of "Serbia and
Montenegro" (since 4 February 2003) into the successor states
"Serbia" and "Montenegro"
previously, from 27 April 1992 until 3 February 2003, Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia)
The Deutsche Mark was the only official currency of the Yugoslav
Constituent Republic of Montenegro from 11 November 2000 until 31
December 2001. The euro was introduced as legal tender with effect
from 1 January 2002.
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Morocco
Capital
Rabat
Central bank
Bank Al-Maghrib
Central bank's website
http://www.bkam.ma
Currency
Moroccan dirham
ISO currency code
MAD
Subunits
100 centimes
Currency circulation
Morocco, Western Sahara
Legacy currency
Moroccan franc
Conversion rate
100 Moroccan francs = 1 Moroccan dirham
with effect from 19 October 1959
Currency history
19 October 1959: Introduction of the Moroccan dirham (MAD)
conversion rate: 100 Moroccan francs = 1 Moroccan dirham
IMF membership
Since 25 April 1958
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 21 January 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.MAD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MAD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MAD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MAD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MAD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MAD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.MAD.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.MAD.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.MAD.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.MAD.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.MAD.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.MAD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.MAD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MAD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MAD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MAD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MAD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MAD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Mozambique
Capital
Maputo
Central bank
Banco de Moçambique
Central bank's website
http://www.bancomoc.mz/
Currency
Metical
ISO currency code
MZN
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Mozambique
Legacy currency
Metical
Legacy currency's ISO currency MZM
code
Conversion rate
1,000 metical (old) = 1 metical (new)
with effect from 1 July 2006
Currency history
16 June 1980: Introduction of the metical (MZM)
conversion rate: 1 Mozambican escudo (MZE) = 1 metical
1 July 2006: Introduction of the (new) metical (MZN)
conversion rate: 1,000 metical (old) = 1 metical (new)
IMF membership
Since 24 September 1984
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 20 Mai 2011
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.MZN.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MZN.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MZN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MZN.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MZN.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MZN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.MZN.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MZN.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MZN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MZN.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MZN.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MZN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Myanmar
Capital
Nay Pyi Taw
Central bank
Central Bank of Myanmar
Central bank's website
http://www.cbm.gov.mm/
Currency
Kyat
ISO currency code
MMK
Subunits
100 pyas
Currency circulation
Myanmar
Legacy currency
Burmese rupee
Conversion rate
1 Burmese rupee = 1 kyat
with effect from 1 July 1952
Currency history
1 July 1952: Introduction of the kyat (MMK)
conversion rate: 1 Burmese rupee = 1 kyat
IMF membership
Since 3 January 1952
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Other managed arrangement
Time series
BBEX3.A.MMK.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MMK.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MMK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.MMK.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.MMK.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.MMK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.MMK.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MMK.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MMK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.MMK.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.MMK.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.MMK.USD.CA.AC.A01
Namibia
Capital
Windhoek
Central bank
Bank of Namibia
Central bank's website
http://www.bon.com.na/
Currency
Namibia dollar
ISO currency code
NAD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Namibia
Legacy currency
South African rand
Legacy currency's ISO currency ZAR
code
Conversion rate
1 South African rand = 1 Namibia dollar
with effect from 15 September 1993
Currency history
15 September 1993: Introduction of the Namibia dollar (NAD)
conversion rate: 1 (South African) rand = 1 Namibia dollar
IMF membership
Since 25 September 1990
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 20 September 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
The South African rand is likewise legal tender alongside the Namibia
dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.NAD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.NAD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.NAD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NAD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Nepal
Capital
Kathmandu
Central bank
Nepal Rastra Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.nrb.org.np
Currency
Nepalese rupee
ISO currency code
NPR
Subunits
100 paisa
Currency circulation
Nepal
IMF membership
Since 6 September 1961
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 30 May 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.NPR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.NPR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.NPR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.NPR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.NPR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.NPR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.NPR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.NPR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.NPR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NPR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.NPR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.NPR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Netherlands
Capital
Amsterdam, seat of government: The Hague
Central bank
De Nederlandsche Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.dnb.nl/en/home/index.jsp
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Dutch guilder
Legacy currency's ISO currency NLG
code
Conversion rate
2.20371 Dutch guilders = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 2.20371 Dutch guilders = 1 euro (initially only as
book money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
24 April 1972 - 12 March 1979: Cooperative arrangement (European
common margins arrangement)
13 March 1979 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
New Caledonia
Capital
Nouméa
Central bank
L'Institut d'Emission d'Outre-Mer
Central bank's website
http://www.ieom.fr/ieom/
Currency
CFP franc
ISO currency code
XPF
Currency circulation
New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna (Islands)
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
Exchange rate anchor to the euro
CFP was originally the abbreviation for "Colonies Françaises du
Pacifique" and is still used as a currency symbol (in connection with
the franc).
Time series
BBEX3.A.XPF.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XPF.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XPF.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XPF.USD.CM.AC.A01
New Zealand
Capital
Wellington
Central bank
Reserve Bank of New Zealand
Central bank's website
http://www.rbnz.govt.nz/
Currency
New Zealand dollar
ISO currency code
NZD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
New Zealand, Cook Islands, Niue, Pitcairn Islands Group, Tokelau
Legacy currency
New Zealand pound
Conversion rate
1 New Zealand pound = 2 New Zealand dollar
with effect from 10 July 1967
Currency history
10 July 1967: Introduction of the New Zealand dollar (NZD)
conversion rate: 1 New Zealand pound = 2 New Zealand dollar
IMF membership
Since 31 August 1961
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 5 August 1982
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 October 2012: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
Since 01 November 2012: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.NZD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.NZD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.NZD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NZD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.NZD.EUR.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.NZD.EUR.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.NZD.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.NZD.USD.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.NZD.USD.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.NZD.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.NZD.USD.CM.AA.000
BBEX3.D.NZD.USD.CM.AB.000
BBEX3.D.NZD.USD.CM.AC.000
BBEX3.M.NZD.EUR.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.NZD.EUR.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.NZD.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NZD.USD.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.NZD.USD.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.NZD.USD.CM.AC.A01
Nicaragua
Capital
Managua
Central bank
Banco Central de Nicaragua
Central bank's website
http://www.bcn.gob.ni/
Currency
Córdoba (temporarily córdoba oro)
ISO currency code
NIO
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Nicaragua
Legacy currency
Córdoba
Legacy currency's ISO currency NIC
code
Currency history
15 February 1988: Introduction of the (new) córdoba (NIC)
conversion rate: 1,000 córdoba (old) = 1 córdoba (new)
1 May 1990: The córdoba (NIC) was supplemented by the córdoba
oro (NIO) as a unit of account with a fixed rate of 1:1 to the US dollar.
Up to 2 March 1991, the córdoba oro floated against the córdoba. The
córdoba oro entered circulation in cash form on 13 August 1990
10 January 1993: Change of currency name from the córdoba oro to
the córdoba
IMF membership
Since 14 March 1946
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 30 Juli 1964
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Crawling peg (moving central rate without a
band)
Comment
With effect from 1 May 1990, the córdoba (NIC) was supplemented by
the córdoba oro (NIO) as a unit of account with a fixed rate of 1:1 to
the US dollar. Up to 2 March 1991, the córdoba oro floated against the
old currency. The córdoba oro entered circulation in cash form on 13
August 1990.
With effect from 3 March 1991, the córdoba oro was devalued against
the US dollar to stand at 1 USD = 5 NIO
on 30 April 1991 it became the sole legal tender.
Time series
BBEX3.A.NIO.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.NIO.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.NIO.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NIO.USD.CA.AC.A01
Niger
Capital
Niamey
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Niger, Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali,
Senegal, Togo
IMF membership
Since 24 April 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 3 August 1960
Member state of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
(UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Nigeria
Capital
Abuja
Central bank
Central Bank of Nigeria
Central bank's website
http://www.cbn.gov.ng/
Currency
Naira
ISO currency code
NGN
Subunits
100 kobo
Currency circulation
Nigeria
Legacy currency
Nigerian pound
Conversion rate
1 Nigerian pound = 2 naira
with effect from 1 January 1973
Currency history
1 July 1959: Introduction of the Nigerian pound
conversion rate: 1 West African pound = 1 Nigerian pound
1 January 1973: Introduction of the naira (NGN)
conversion rate: 1 Nigerian pound = 2 naira
IMF membership
Since 30 March 1961
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 January 2009: Other managed arrangement
Time series
BBEX3.A.NGN.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.NGN.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.NGN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.NGN.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.NGN.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.NGN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.NGN.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.NGN.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.NGN.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.NGN.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.NGN.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.NGN.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.NGN.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.NGN.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.NGN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NGN.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.NGN.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.NGN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Norway
Capital
Oslo
Central bank
Norges Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.norges-bank.no
Currency
Norwegian krone
ISO currency code
NOK
Subunits
100 øre
Currency circulation
Norway, Spitzbergen
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 11 May 1967
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Time series
BBEX3.A.NOK.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.NOK.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.NOK.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NOK.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.NOK.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.NOK.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.NOK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.NOK.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.NOK.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.NOK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.NOK.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.NOK.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.NOK.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.NOK.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.NOK.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.NOK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NOK.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.NOK.USD.CA.AA.A02
BBEX3.M.NOK.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.NOK.USD.CA.AB.A02
BBEX3.M.NOK.USD.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.NOK.USD.CA.AC.A02
Oman
Capital
Muscat
Central bank
Central Bank of Oman
Central bank's website
http://www.cbo-oman.org
Currency
Rial Omani
ISO currency code
OMR
Subunits
1,000 baisa
Currency circulation
Oman
Legacy currency
Rial Saidi
Conversion rate
1 rial Saidi = 1 rial Omani
with effect from 11 November 1972
Currency history
7 May 1970: Introduction of the rial Saidi
conversion rate: 100 Gulf rupees (External Indian rupees) = 7.5 rial
Saidi
11 November 1972: Introduction of the rial Omani (OMR)
conversion rate: 1 rial Saidi = 1 rial Omani
IMF membership
Since 23 December 1971
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 19 June 1974
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.OMR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.OMR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.OMR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.OMR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.OMR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.OMR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.OMR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.OMR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.OMR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.OMR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.OMR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.OMR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Pakistan
Capital
Islamabad
Central bank
State Bank of Pakistan
Central bank's website
http://www.sbp.org.pk/
Currency
Pakistani rupee
ISO currency code
PKR
Subunits
100 paisa
Currency circulation
Pakistan
IMF membership
Since 11 July 1950
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 July 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 21 December 2008: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
22 December 2008 - 28 February 2010: Crawl-like arrangement
(moving central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
01 March 2010 - 31 May 2010: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 June 2010 - 10April 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
11 April 2011 - 04 December 2013: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 05 December 2013: Other managed arrangement
Time series
BBEX3.A.PKR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PKR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PKR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.PKR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PKR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PKR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.PKR.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.PKR.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.PKR.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.PKR.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.PKR.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.PKR.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.PKR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PKR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PKR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PKR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PKR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PKR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Palau
Capital
Melekeok
Currency
US dollar
ISO currency code
USD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
United States, American Samoa, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Guam, Marshall Islands, Federated States of
Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico,
Saba, Saint Eustatius, Timor-Leste, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin
Islands of the United States, Zimbabwe
IMF membership
Since 16 December 1997
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 16 Dezember 1997
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: No separate legal tender
Comment
Independent since 1 October 1994 (formerly: United Nations Trust
Territory)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Panama
Capital
Panama City
Central bank
Banco Nacional de Panamá
Central bank's website
https://www.banconal.com.pa/
Currency
Balboa
ISO currency code
PAB
Subunits
100 centésimos
Currency circulation
Panama
IMF membership
Since 14 March 1946
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 26 November 1946
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: No separate legal tender
Comment
The US dollar is legal tender alongside the balboa, which is in
circulation exclusively in coin form.
Time series
BBEX3.A.PAB.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.PAB.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.PAB.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PAB.USD.CA.AC.A01
Papua New Guinea
Capital
Port Moresby
Central bank
Bank of Papua New Guinea
Central bank's website
http://www.bankpng.gov.pg/
Currency
Kina
ISO currency code
PGK
Subunits
100 toea
Currency circulation
Papua New Guinea
Legacy currency
Australian dollar
Legacy currency's ISO currency AUD
code
Conversion rate
1 Australian dollar = 1 kina
with effect from 19 April 1975
Currency history
19 April 1975: Introduction of the kina (PGK)
conversion rate: 1 Australian dollar = 1 kina
IMF membership
Since 9 October 1975
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 4 December 1975
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 12 February 2012: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
13 February 2012 - 31 December 2012: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 January 2013 - 10 April 2014: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 11 April 2014: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Independent since 16 September 1975
Time series
BBEX3.A.PGK.EUR.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PGK.EUR.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PGK.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.PGK.USD.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PGK.USD.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PGK.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.PGK.EUR.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PGK.EUR.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PGK.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PGK.USD.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PGK.USD.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PGK.USD.CM.AC.A01
Paraguay
Capital
Asunción
Central bank
Banco Central del Paraguay
Central bank's website
http://www.bcp.gov.py
Currency
Guaraní
ISO currency code
PYG
Subunits
100 céntimos
Currency circulation
Paraguay
IMF membership
Since 28 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 23 August 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 January 2009 - 30 June 2013: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 July 2013: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.PYG.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PYG.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PYG.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.PYG.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PYG.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PYG.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.PYG.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.PYG.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.PYG.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.PYG.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.PYG.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.PYG.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.PYG.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PYG.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PYG.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PYG.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PYG.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PYG.USD.CA.AC.A01
Peru
Capital
Lima
Central bank
Central Reserve Bank of Peru
Central bank's website
http://www.bcrp.gob.pe/home.html
Currency
Sol (until 14 December 2015 Nuevo sol)
ISO currency code
PEN
Subunits
100 céntimos
Currency circulation
Peru
Legacy currency
Inti
Legacy currency's ISO currency PEI
code
Conversion rate
1,000,000 inti = 1 nuevo sol
with effect from 1 July 1991
Currency history
1 February 1985: Introduction of the inti (PEI)
conversion rate: 1,000 sol (PES) = 1 inti (the inti was not used in
banking and accounting until 1 January 1986)
1 July 1991: Introduction of the nuevo sol (PEN)
conversion rate: 1,000,000 intis = 1 nuevo sol (designated as sol
since 15 December 2015)
IMF membership
Since 31 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 Februar 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 15 September 2009: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
16 September 2009 - 31 March 2011: Crawl-like arrangement
(moving central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Since 01 April 2011: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
Banknotes and coins denominated in nuevos soles only entered into
circulation from October 1991 onward.
Time series
BBEX3.A.PEN.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PEN.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PEN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.PEN.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PEN.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PEN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.PEN.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.PEN.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.PEN.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.PEN.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.PEN.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.PEN.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.PEN.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PEN.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PEN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PEN.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PEN.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PEN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Philippines
Capital
Manila
Central bank
Central Bank of the Philippines (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas)
Central bank's website
http://www.bsp.gov.ph/
Currency
Philippine peso
ISO currency code
PHP
Subunits
100 centavos
Currency circulation
Philippines
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 8 September 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.PHP.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.PHP.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.PHP.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PHP.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.PHP.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PHP.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PHP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.PHP.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.PHP.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.PHP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.PHP.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.PHP.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.PHP.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.PHP.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PHP.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PHP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PHP.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.PHP.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.PHP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Poland
Capital
Warsaw
Central bank
Narodowy Bank Polski
Central bank's website
http://www.nbp.pl
Currency
Polish zloty
ISO currency code
PLN
Subunits
100 groszy
Currency circulation
Poland
Legacy currency
Polish zloty
Legacy currency's ISO currency PLZ
code
Conversion rate
10,000 Polish zloty (old) = 1 Polish zloty (new)
with effect from 1 January 1995
Currency history
30 October 1950: Introduction of the new zloty (PLZ)
conversion rate for banknote exchange: 100 zloty (old) = 1
zloty (new) and for prices and wages: generally 100:3. For debt
relationships, various conversion rates apply
1 January 1995: Introduction of the new zloty (PLN)
conversion rate: 10,000 zloty (old) = 1 zloty (new)
IMF membership
Since 12 June 1986
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 22 September 2011: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
23 September 2011 - 30 December 2011: Floating (marketdetermined with more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 31 December 2011: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Time series
BBEX3.A.PLN.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.PLN.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.PLN.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PLN.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.PLN.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.PLN.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.PLN.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.PLN.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.PLN.USD.CA.AC.A01
Portugal
Capital
Lisbon
Central bank
Banco de Portugal
Central bank's website
http://www.bportugal.pt/en-us/pages/inicio.aspx
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Escudo
Legacy currency's ISO currency PTE
code
Conversion rate
200.482 escudos = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 200.482 escudos = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 29 March 1961
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 12 September 1988
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
19 March 1973 - 30 January 1977: Independently floating
31 January 1977 - 27 February 1977: Other
28 February 1977 - 24 August 1977: Pegged to an other composite
25 August 1977 - 29 September 1990: Adjusted according to a set of
indicators
30 September 1990 - 5 April 1992: Other managed floating
6 April 1992 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Qatar
Capital
Doha
Central bank
Qatar Central Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.qcb.gov.qa
Currency
Qatari riyal
ISO currency code
QAR
Subunits
100 dirham
Currency circulation
Qatar
Legacy currency
Qatar and Dubai riyal
Conversion rate
1 Qatar and Dubai riyal = 1 Qatari riyal
with effect from 19 May 1973
Currency history
Late June 1966: Saudi riyal banknotes were issued
conversion rate: 106.5 Gulf rupee (at par with the Indian rupee)
= 100 Saudi riyal. On 21 March 1966, Qatar and Dubai signed a
currency agreement. On 6 June 1966, prior to the launch of the
new common currency, the Indian rupee was devalued. To avoid
negative implications for the country, the Qatari government made an
agreement with the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency to borrow a total
of 100 million Saudi riyal worth of banknotes backed by pound sterling
balances in London. At the same time, the Gulf rupee ceased to be
legal tender.
18 September 1966: Introduction of the Qatar and Dubai riyal
conversion rate: 100 Saudi riyal = 106.5 Qatar and Dubai riyal
19 May 1973: Introduction of the Qatari riyal (QAR)
conversion rate: 1 Qatar and Dubai riyal = 1 Qatari riyal
IMF membership
Since 8 September 1972
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 4 June 1973
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 31 March 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.QAR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.QAR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.QAR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.QAR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.QAR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.QAR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.QAR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.QAR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.QAR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.QAR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.QAR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.QAR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Romania
Capital
Bucharest
Central bank
National Bank of Romania
Central bank's website
http://www.bnro.ro/
Currency
Romanian leu (plural: lei)
ISO currency code
RON
Subunits
100 bani
Currency circulation
Romania
Legacy currency
Romanian leu (plural: lei)
Legacy currency's ISO currency ROL
code
Conversion rate
10,000 Romanian lei (old) = 1 Romanian leu (new)
with effect from 1 July 2005
Currency history
28 January 1952: Introduction of the new leu (ROL)
graduated conversion rates for cash and deposits at financial
institutions of between 20 and 400 lei (old) = 1 leu (new)
conversion rate for debt relationships: generally 20 lei (old) = 1 leu
(new)
1 July 2005: Introduction of the new leu (RON)
conversion rate: 10,000 lei (old) = 1 leu (new)
IMF membership
Since 15 December 1972
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 25 March 1998
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.RON.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.RON.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.RON.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.RON.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.RON.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.RON.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.RON.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.RON.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.RON.USD.CA.AC.A01
Russian Federation
Capital
Moscow
Central bank
The Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Central bank's website
http://www.cbr.ru/eng/
Currency
Russian rouble
ISO currency code
RUB
Subunits
100 kopeken
Currency circulation
Russian Federation
Legacy currency
Russian rouble
Legacy currency's ISO currency RUR
code
Conversion rate
1,000 Russian rouble (old) = 1 Russian rouble (new)
with effect from 1 January 1998
Currency history
26 July 1993: Introduction of the Russian rouble (RUR)
conversion rate: 1 Soviet rouble = 1 Russian rouble
1 January 1998: Introduction of the new Russian rouble (RUB)
conversion rate: 1,000 Russian rouble (old) = 1 Russian rouble (new)
The old Russian rouble was also legal tender (at this rate) until 31
December 1998
IMF membership
Since 01 June 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 Juni 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 October 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 November 2008 - 09 November 2014: Other managed
arrangement
Since 10 November 2014: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.RUB.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.RUB.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.RUB.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.RUB.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.RUB.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.RUB.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.RUB.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.RUB.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.RUB.USD.CA.AC.A01
Rwanda
Capital
Kigali
Central bank
National Bank of Rwanda
Central bank's website
http://www.bnr.rw
Currency
Rwanda franc
ISO currency code
RWF
Subunits
100 centimes
Currency circulation
Rwanda
Legacy currency
Rwanda and Burundi franc
Conversion rate
1 Rwanda and Burundi franc = 1 Rwanda franc
with effect from 24 April 1964
Currency history
2 September 1960: Introduction of the Rwanda and Burundi franc
conversion rate: 1 Congo franc = 1 Rwanda and Burundi franc
24 April 1964: Introduction of the Rwanda franc (RWF)
conversion rate: 1 Rwanda and Burundi franc = 1 Rwanda franc
IMF membership
Since 30 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 10 December 1998
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 30 November 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 December 2008 - 31 December 2008: Other managed
arrangement
01 January 2009 - 31 December 2009: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 January 2010 - 31 December 2012: Crawl-like arrangement
(moving central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
01 January 2013 - 23 September 2013: Other managed arrangement
Since 24 September 2013: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central
rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Independent (from Belgium) since 1 July 1962
Time series
BBEX3.A.RWF.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.RWF.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.RWF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.RWF.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.RWF.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.RWF.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.RWF.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.RWF.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.RWF.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.RWF.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.RWF.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.RWF.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.RWF.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.RWF.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.RWF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.RWF.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.RWF.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.RWF.USD.CA.AC.A01
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Capital
Jamestown
Currency
Saint Helena pound
ISO currency code
SHP
Subunits
100 pence
Currency circulation
Saint Helena and Ascension
Tristan da Cunha uses the pound sterling as its currency.
Legacy currency
Pound sterling
Legacy currency's ISO currency GBP
code
Conversion rate
1 pound sterling = 1 Saint Helena pound
with effect from 2 February 1976
Currency history
2 February 1976: Introduction of the Saint Helena pound
conversion rate: 1 pound sterling = 1 Saint Helena pound
IMF membership
Non-IMF-member
Comment
British Overseas Territory
Value (1:1) against the pound sterling
Time series
BBEX3.A.SHP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SHP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SHP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SHP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Capital
Basseterre
Central bank
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.eccb-centralbank.org
Currency
East Caribbean dollar
ISO currency code
XCD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica,
Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Legacy currency
British West Indies dollar
Conversion rate
1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
with effect from 6 October 1965
Currency history
6 October 1965: Introduction of the East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
conversion rate: 1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
IMF membership
Since 15 August 1984
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 03 Dezember 1984
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Comment
Independent since 19 September 1983 (formerly: British colony)
Saint Kitts and Nevis participates in the Eastern Caribbean Currency
Union.
Time series
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Saint Lucia
Capital
Castries
Central bank
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.eccb-centralbank.org
Currency
East Caribbean dollar
ISO currency code
XCD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Saint Lucia, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada,
Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Legacy currency
British West Indies dollar
Conversion rate
1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
with effect from 6 October 1965
Currency history
6 October 1965: Introduction of the East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
conversion rate: 1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
IMF membership
Since 15 November 1979
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 30 Mai 1980
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Comment
Independent since 22 February 1979 (formerly: British colony)
Saint Lucia participates in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union.
Time series
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Capital
Kingstown
Central bank
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.eccb-centralbank.org
Currency
East Caribbean dollar
ISO currency code
XCD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda,
Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia
Legacy currency
British West Indies dollar
Conversion rate
1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
with effect from 6 October 1965
Currency history
6 October 1965: Introduction of the East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
conversion rate: 1 British West Indies dollar = 1 East Caribbean dollar
IMF membership
Since 28 December 1979
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 24 August 1981
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Currency board (institutionalised, unilateral
exchange rate peg)
Comment
Independent since 27 October 1979 (formerly: British colony)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines participates in the Eastern
Caribbean Currency Union.
Time series
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.XCD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Samoa
Capital
Apia
Central bank
Central Bank of Samoa
Central bank's website
http://www.cbs.gov.ws/
Currency
Tala
ISO currency code
WST
Subunits
100 sene
Currency circulation
Samoa
Legacy currency
New Zealand pound
Conversion rate
1 New Zealand pound = 2 tala
with effect from 10 July 1967
Currency history
10 July 1967: Introduction of the tala (WST)
conversion rate: 1 New Zealand pound (also known as the Western
Samoan pound) = 2 tala
IMF membership
Since 28 December 1971
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 6 October 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent (from New Zealand) since 1 January 1962
Time series
BBEX3.A.WST.EUR.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.WST.EUR.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.WST.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.WST.USD.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.WST.USD.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.WST.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.WST.EUR.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.WST.EUR.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.WST.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.WST.USD.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.WST.USD.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.WST.USD.CM.AC.A01
San Marino
Capital
San Marino
Central bank
Banca Centrale della Repubblica di San Marino
Central bank's website
http://www.bcsm.sm/
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Italian lira
Legacy currency's ISO currency ITL
code
Conversion rate
1,936.27 Italian lire = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 1,936.27 Italian lira = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 23 September 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 23 September 1992
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: No separate legal tender
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Sao Tome and Principe
Capital
São Tomé
Central bank
Banco Central de São Tomé e Príncipe
Central bank's website
http://www.bcstp.st/
Currency
Dobra
ISO currency code
STD
Subunits
100 céntimos
Currency circulation
Sao Tome and Principe
Legacy currency
Sao-Tome-and-Principe-escudo
Conversion rate
1 Sao-Tome-and-Principe-escudo = 1 dobra
with effect from 7 September 1977
Currency history
7 September 1977: Introduction of the dobra (STD)
conversion rate: 1 Sao-Tome-and-Principe-escudo = 1 dobra
IMF membership
Since 30 September 1977
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 May 2008: Other managed arrangement
01 June 2008 - 31 March 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 April 2009 - 31 December 2009: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 January 2010: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 12 July 1975 (formerly: Portuguese colony)
The unit of account for 1,000 dobras is 1 conto.
Time series
BBEX3.A.STD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.STD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.STD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.STD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.STD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.STD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.STD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.STD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.STD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.STD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.STD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.STD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Saudi Arabia
Capital
Riyadh
Central bank
Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency
Central bank's website
http://www.sama.gov.sa
Currency
Saudi riyal
ISO currency code
SAR
Subunits
100 halalah
Currency circulation
Saudi Arabia
IMF membership
Since 26 August 1957
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 22 March 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.SAR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SAR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SAR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SAR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SAR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SAR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SAR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SAR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SAR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SAR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SAR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SAR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Senegal
Capital
Dakar
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Senegal, Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali,
Niger, Togo
IMF membership
Since 31 August 1962
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
On 20 June 1960, together with present-day Mali independent from
France as the Mali Federation
on 20 August 1960 withdrawal from the Mali Federation and full
independence
Member state of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
(UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Serbia
Capital
Belgrade
Central bank
National Bank of Serbia
Central bank's website
http://www.nbs.rs/internet/english/index.html
Currency
Serbian dinar (until 3 February 2003 Yugoslav new dinar)
ISO currency code
RSD
Subunits
100 para
Currency circulation
Serbia
Legacy currency
Yugoslav dinar
Legacy currency's ISO currency YUM
code
Conversion rate
12,000,000 Yugoslav dinar = 1 Yugoslav new dinar
Currency history
22 July 1994: Introduction of the Yugoslav new dinar (up to 3
February 2003: YUM
from 4 February 2003 onwards: CSD (Serbian dinar) and since 25
October 2006: RSD)
conversion rate: 12,000,000 Yugoslav dinar = 1 Yugoslav new dinar
IMF membership
Since 14 December 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 May 2002
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
With effect from 4 February 2003, Yugoslavia was reconstituted
as "Serbia and Montenegro". At the same time, the dinar, which
remained legal tender only in Serbia, was renamed from "Yugoslav
new dinar" to "Serbian dinar" (ISO code: CSD)
in Montenegro, the euro has been the sole legal tender since 1 April
2002.
Since 3 June 2006, Serbia and Montenegro have been independent
states
as of 25 October 2006, the ISO code for the Serbian dinar was
changed from CSD to RSD.
Time series
BBEX3.A.RSD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.RSD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.RSD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.RSD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.RSD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.RSD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.RSD.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.RSD.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.RSD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.RSD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.RSD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.RSD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.RSD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.RSD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.RSD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Seychelles
Capital
Victoria
Central bank
Central Bank of Seychelles
Central bank's website
http://www.cbs.sc
Currency
Seychelles rupee
ISO currency code
SCR
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Seychelles
IMF membership
Since 30 June 1977
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 03 January 1978
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 October 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 November 2008 - 11 March 2013: Floating (market-determined
with more frequent modes of intervention)
12 March 2013 - 26 March 2014: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Since 27 March 2014: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Comment
Independent since 28 June 1976
Time series
BBEX3.A.SCR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SCR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SCR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SCR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SCR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SCR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SCR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SCR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SCR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SCR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SCR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SCR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Sierra Leone
Capital
Freetown
Central bank
Bank of Sierra Leone
Central bank's website
http://www.bsl.gov.sl/
Currency
Leone
ISO currency code
SLL
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Sierra Leone
Legacy currency
West African pound
Conversion rate
1 West African pound = 1 leone
with effect from 4 August 1964
Currency history
4 August 1964: Introduction of the leone (SLL)
conversion rate: 1 West African pound = 1 leone
IMF membership
Since 10 September 1962
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 14 December 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 October 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 November 2008: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.SLL.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SLL.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SLL.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SLL.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SLL.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SLL.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SLL.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SLL.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SLL.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SLL.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SLL.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SLL.USD.CA.AC.A01
Singapore
Capital
Singapore
Central bank
Monetary Authority of Singapore
Central bank's website
http://www.mas.gov.sg/
Currency
Singapore dollar
ISO currency code
SGD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Singapore, Brunei Darussalam
Legacy currency
Malayan dollar
Conversion rate
1 Malayan dollar = 1 Singapore dollar
with effect from 12 June 1967
Currency history
12 June 1967: Introduction of the Singapore dollar (SGD)
conversion rate: 1 Malayan dollar = 1 Singapore dollar
IMF membership
Since 3 August 1966
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 9 November 1968
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 13 April 2010: Other managed arrangement
14 April 2010 - 11 September 2011: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
12 September 2011 - 08 November 2011: Other managed
arrangement
09 November 2011 - 31 December 2012: Crawl-like arrangement
(moving central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Since 01 January 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within
a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
9 August 1965: Upon its separation from the Federation of Malaysia,
Singapore gained independence. However, the monetary union
formed with Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam remained in place for
the next two years.
Under an agreement between Singapore and Brunei Darussalam, the
Brunei dollar (convertible at par) is also accepted as legal tender.
Time series
BBEX3.A.SGD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.SGD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.SGD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SGD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.SGD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SGD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SGD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SGD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.SGD.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.SGD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SGD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SGD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SGD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Sint Maarten (southern part)
Capital
Philipsburg
Central bank
Centrale Bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten (formerly: Bank van de
Nederlandse Antillen)
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.cw/
Currency
Netherlands Antillean guilder
ISO currency code
ANG
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Sint Maarten (southern part) and Curaçao
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 10 October 2010 within the Kingdom of the
Netherlands
formerly Sint Maarten formed together with Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba
and Saint Eustatius the Netherlands Antilles
Time series
BBEX3.A.ANG.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ANG.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.ANG.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ANG.USD.CA.AC.A01
Slovakia
Capital
Bratislava
Central bank
Národná Banka Slovenska
Central bank's website
http://www.nbs.sk
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Slovak koruna
Legacy currency's ISO currency SKK
code
Conversion rate
30.1260 Slovak koruna = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 2009
Currency history
8 February 1993: Introduction of the Slovak koruna (SKK)
conversion rate: 1 Czechoslovak koruna (CSK) = 1 Slovak koruna
1 January 2009: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 30.1260 Slovak koruna = 1 euro
IMF membership
Since 1 January 1993
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 October 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
8 February 1993 - 30 September 1998: Pegged to a currency basket
(from 14 July 1994: 60% Deutsche Mark
40% US dollar)
1 October 1998 - 27 November 2005: Managed floating with no
predetermined path for the exchange rate
28 November 2005 - 31 December 2008: Pegged to the euro
(Exchange rate mechanism II)
Since 1 January 2009: Free floating(European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 2009)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Slovenia
Capital
Ljubljana
Central bank
Bank of Slovenia
Central bank's website
http://www.bsi.si/en/
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Slovenian tolar
Legacy currency's ISO currency SIT
code
Conversion rate
239.640 Slovenian tolar = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 2007
Currency history
8 October 1991: Introduction of the Slovenian tolar (SIT)
conversion rate: 1 Yugoslav dinar = 1 Slovenian tolar
1 January 2007: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 239.640 Slovenian tolar = 1 euro
IMF membership
Since 14 December 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 1 September 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
8 October 1991 - 31 January 2002: Managed floating with no
predetermined path for the exchange rate
1 February 2002 - 27 June 2004: Exchange rates within crawling
bands
28 June 2004 - 31 December 2006: Pegged to the euro (Exchange
rate mechanism II)
Since 1 January 2007: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 2007)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Solomon Islands
Capital
Honiara
Central bank
Central Bank of Solomon Islands
Central bank's website
http://www.cbsi.com.sb/
Currency
Solomon Islands dollar
ISO currency code
SBD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Solomon Islands
Legacy currency
Australian dollar
Legacy currency's ISO currency AUD
code
Conversion rate
1 Australian dollar = 1 Solomon Islands dollar
with effect from 24 October 1977
Currency history
24 October 1977: Introduction of the Solomon Islands dollar (SBD)
conversion rate: 1 Australian dollar = 1 Solomon Islands dollar
IMF membership
Since 22 September 1978
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 24 July 1979
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
01 January 2005 - 31 May 2008: Conventional peg (exchange rate
guarantee but no irrevocable parity)
01 June 2008 - 31 March 2009: Other managed arrangement
01 April 2009 - 31 January 2011: Conventional peg (exchange rate
guarantee but no irrevocable parity)
01 February 2011 - 29 January 2012: Other managed arrangement
Since 30 January 2012: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 7 July 1978.
Solomon Islands maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to a
composite.
Time series
BBEX3.A.SBD.EUR.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SBD.EUR.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SBD.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SBD.USD.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SBD.USD.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SBD.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SBD.EUR.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SBD.EUR.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SBD.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SBD.USD.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SBD.USD.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SBD.USD.CM.AC.A01
Somalia
Capital
Mogadishu
Currency
Somali shilling
ISO currency code
SOS
Currency circulation
Somalia
Legacy currency
East African shilling (British Somaliland): Somalo (Italian Somaliland)
Conversion rate
1 East African shilling or 1 somalo = 1 Somali shilling
with effect from 6 March 1961
Currency history
6 March 1961: Introduction of the Somali shilling (SOS)
conversion rate: 1 East African shilling or 1 somalo = 1 Somali shilling
IMF membership
Since 31 August 1962
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Comment
Independence: British Somaliland on the 26 June 1960, Italian
Somaliland on the 1 July 1960
Federation on the 1 July 1960
Time series
BBEX3.A.SOS.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SOS.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SOS.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SOS.USD.CA.AC.A01
South Africa
Capital
Pretoria, Seat of Parliament: Cape Town
Central bank
South African Reserve Bank
Central bank's website
https://www.resbank.co.za/
Currency
South African rand
ISO currency code
ZAR
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
South Africa
Lesotho
Namibia
Swaziland
Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
South African pound
Conversion rate
1 South African pound = 2 South African rand
with effect from 14 February 1961
Currency history
14 February 1961: Introduction of the South African rand (ZAR)
conversion rate: 1 South African pound = 2 South African rand
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 September 1973
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.ZAR.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.ZAR.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.ZAR.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ZAR.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.ZAR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ZAR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ZAR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ZAR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ZAR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ZAR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.ZAR.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.ZAR.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.ZAR.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.ZAR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ZAR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ZAR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ZAR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ZAR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ZAR.USD.CA.AC.A01
South Sudan
Capital
Juba
Central bank
Bank of South Sudan
Central bank's website
http://bosshq.net
Currency
South Sudanese pound
ISO currency code
SSP
Subunits
100 piastres
Currency circulation
South Sudan
Legacy currency
Sudanese pound
Legacy currency's ISO currency SDG
code
Conversion rate
1 Sudanese pound = 1 South Sudanese pound
with effect from 18 July 2011
Currency history
18 July 2011: Introduction of the South Sudanese pound (SSP)
conversion rate: 1 Sudanese pound = 1 South Sudanese pound
IMF membership
Since 18 April 2012
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 18 April 2012: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee but
no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 9 July 2011
Time series
BBEX3.A.SSP.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SSP.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SSP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SSP.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SSP.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SSP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SSP.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SSP.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SSP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SSP.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SSP.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SSP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Spain
Capital
Madrid
Central bank
Banco de España
Central bank's website
http://www.bde.es/bde/en/
Currency
Euro
ISO currency code
EUR
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Euro-area member states:
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
Selected territories and states:
Åland Islands, Andorra, (French) Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Mayotte, Monaco, Montenegro, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (northern part), San Marino, Vatican
City, Zimbabwe
Legacy currency
Peseta
Legacy currency's ISO currency ESP
code
Conversion rate
166.386 pesetas = 1 euro
with effect from 1 January 1999
Currency history
1 January 1999: Introduction of the euro (EUR)
conversion rate: 166.386 pesetas = 1 euro (initially only as book
money, from 2002 onwards also in cash form)
IMF membership
Since 15 September 1958
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 July 1986
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
22 January 1974 - end of 1974: Independently floating
End of 1974 - 8 February 1976: Pegged to an other composite
9 February 1976 - 30 January 1977: Independently floating
31 January 1977 - 30 March 1982: Other
31 March 1982 - 1 February 1988: Other managed floating
2 February 1988 - 16 June 1989: Independently floating
19 June 1989 - 31 December 1998: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
Since 1 January 1999: Free floating (European Monetary Union)
Comment
Euro-area member state (since 1 January 1999)
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Sri Lanka
Capital
Colombo
Central bank
Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Central bank's website
http://www.cbsl.gov.lk/
Currency
Sri Lanka rupee
ISO currency code
LKR
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Sri Lanka
Legacy currency
Ceylon rupee
Conversion rate
1 Ceylon rupee = 1 Sri Lanka rupee
with effect from 22 May 1972
Currency history
22 May 1972: Introduction of the Sri Lanka rupee (LKR)
conversion rate: 1 Ceylon rupee = 1 Sri Lanka rupee
IMF membership
Since 29 August 1950
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 March 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 January 2009 - 30 April 2009: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01 May 2009 - 28 February 2010: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 March 2010 - 30 April 2011: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
01 May 2011 - 08 February 2012: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
09 February 2012 - 30 September 2013: Floating (market-determined
with more frequent modesof intervention)
Since 01 October 2013: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within
a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Sri Lanka maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.LKR.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.LKR.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.LKR.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.LKR.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.LKR.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.LKR.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.LKR.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.LKR.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.LKR.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.LKR.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.LKR.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.LKR.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.LKR.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.LKR.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.LKR.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.LKR.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.LKR.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.LKR.USD.CA.AC.A01
Sudan
Capital
Khartoum
Central bank
Central Bank of Sudan
Central bank's website
http://www.cbos.gov.sd/en
Currency
Sudanese pound
ISO currency code
SDG
Subunits
100 piastres
Currency circulation
Sudan
Legacy currency
Sudanese dinar
Legacy currency's ISO currency SDD
code
Conversion rate
100 Sudanese dinar = 1 Sudanese pound
with effect from 10 January 2007
Currency history
8 April 1957: Introduction of the Sudanese pound (SDP)
conversion rate: 1 Egyptian pound = 1 Sudanese pound
24 May 1992: Introduction of the Sudanese dinar (SDD)
conversion rate: 10 Sudanese pound = 1 Sudanese dinar
10 January 2007: Introduction of the Sudanese pound (SDG)
conversion rate: 100 Sudanese dinar = 1 Sudanese pound
IMF membership
Since 5 September 1957
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 29 October 2003
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 30 November 2009: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
Since 01 December 2009: Other managed arrangement
Time series
BBEX3.A.SDG.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SDG.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SDG.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SDG.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SDG.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SDG.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SDG.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SDG.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SDG.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SDG.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SDG.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SDG.USD.CA.AC.A01
Suriname
Capital
Paramaribo
Central bank
Central Bank van Suriname
Central bank's website
http://www.cbvs.sr
Currency
Suriname dollar
ISO currency code
SRD
Subunits
100 cent
Currency circulation
Suriname
Legacy currency
Suriname guilder
Legacy currency's ISO currency SRG
code
Conversion rate
1,000 Suriname guilder = 1 Suriname dollar
with effect from 1 January 2004
Currency history
1 January 2004: Introduction of the Suriname dollar (SRD)
conversion rate: 1,000 Suriname guilder (SRG) = 1 Suriname dollar
IMF membership
Since 27 April 1978
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 29 Juni 1978
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Time series
BBEX3.A.SRD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SRD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SRD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SRD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SRD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SRD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SRD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SRD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SRD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SRD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SRD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SRD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Swaziland
Capital
Mbabane
Central bank
Central Bank of Swaziland
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.org.sz
Currency
Lilangeni (plural: emalangeni)
ISO currency code
SZL
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Swaziland
Legacy currency
South African rand
Legacy currency's ISO currency ZAR
code
Conversion rate
1 South African rand = 1 lilangeni
with effect from 6 September 1974
Currency history
6 September 1974: Introduction of the lilangeni (SZL)
conversion rate: 1 South African rand = 1 lilangeni
IMF membership
Since 22 September 1969
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 11 December 1989
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
The South African rand is likewise legal tender alongside the lilangeni.
Time series
BBEX3.A.SZL.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SZL.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SZL.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SZL.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SZL.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SZL.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SZL.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SZL.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SZL.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SZL.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SZL.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SZL.USD.CA.AC.A01
Sweden
Capital
Stockholm
Central bank
Sveriges Riksbank
Central bank's website
http://www.riksbank.se/en/
Currency
Swedish krona
ISO currency code
SEK
Subunits
100 öre
Currency circulation
Sweden
IMF membership
Since 31 August 1951
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Time series
BBEX3.A.SEK.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.SEK.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.SEK.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SEK.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.SEK.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SEK.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SEK.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SEK.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SEK.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SEK.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.SEK.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.SEK.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.SEK.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.SEK.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SEK.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SEK.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SEK.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SEK.USD.CA.AA.A02
BBEX3.M.SEK.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SEK.USD.CA.AB.A02
BBEX3.M.SEK.USD.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SEK.USD.CA.AC.A02
Switzerland
Capital
Berne
Central bank
Swiss National Bank
Central bank's website
http://www.snb.ch/en/
Currency
Swiss franc
ISO currency code
CHF
Subunits
100 rappen / centimes
Currency circulation
Switzerland, Liechtenstein
IMF membership
Since 29 May 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 29 May 1992
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 14 March 2009: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
15 March 2009 - 17 December 2009: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
18 December 2009 - 31 May 2010: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
01June 2010 - 05 September 2011: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
06 September 2011 - 31 December 2011: Other managed
arrangement
01 January 2012 - 13 January 2013: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
14 January 2013 - 28 May 2013: Other managed arrangement
Since 29 May 2013: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
From 06 September 2011 to 14 January 2015, Switzerland maintained
a de facto exchange rate anchor to the euro.
Time series
BBEX3.A.CHF.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.CHF.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.CHF.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.CHF.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.CHF.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.CHF.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.D.CHF.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.M.CHF.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CHF.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.CHF.USD.CA.AA.A02
Syrian Arab Republic
Capital
Damascus
Central bank
Central Bank of Syria
Central bank's website
www.banquecentrale.gov.sy
Currency
Syrian pound
ISO currency code
SYP
Subunits
100 piastres
Currency circulation
Syrian Arab Republic
IMF membership
Since 10 April 1947
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
01 September 2007 - 31 March 2009: Pegged exchange rate within
horizontal bands
01 April 2009 - 31 March 2011: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 April 2011: Other managed arrangement
Comment
Independent since 17 April 1946
Time series
BBEX3.A.SYP.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SYP.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SYP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.SYP.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.SYP.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.SYP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.SYP.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SYP.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SYP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.SYP.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.SYP.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.SYP.USD.CA.AC.A01
Tajikistan
Capital
Dushanbe
Central bank
National Bank of Tajikistan
Central bank's website
http://nbt.tj/?lang=en
Currency
Somoni
ISO currency code
TJS
Subunits
100 diram
Currency circulation
Tajikistan
Legacy currency
Tajik ruble
Legacy currency's ISO currency TJR
code
Conversion rate
1,000 Tajik ruble = 1 somoni
with effect from 30 October 2000
Currency history
In early 1994: The Russian rouble (RUR) replaces the Soviet rouble
as the sole legal tender
10 May 1995: Introduction of the Tajik ruble (TJR)
conversion rate: 100 Russian rouble = 1 Tajik ruble
30 October 2000: Introduction of the somoni (TJS)
conversion rate: 1,000 Tajik ruble = 1 somoni
IMF membership
Since 27 April 1993
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 09 December 2004
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 January 2009 - 31 July 2009: Other managed arrangement
01 August 2009 - 28 February 2011: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 March 2011 - 27 September2011: Crawl-like arrangement (moving
central rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
28 September 2011 - 30 April 2014: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 May 2014: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Tajikistan maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.TJS.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.TJS.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.TJS.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.TJS.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.TJS.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TJS.USD.CA.AC.A01
Tanzania, United Republic of
Capital
Dodoma, Seat of Government: Dar es Salaam
Central bank
Bank of Tanzania
Central bank's website
http://www.bot-tz.org
Currency
Tanzania shilling
ISO currency code
TZS
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Tanzania, United Republic of
Legacy currency
East African shilling
Conversion rate
1 East African shilling = 1 Tanzania shilling
with effect from 14 June 1966
Currency history
14 June 1966: Introduction of the Tanzania shilling (TZS)
conversion rate: 1 East African shilling = 1 Tanzania shilling
IMF membership
Since 10 September 1962
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 July 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.TZS.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TZS.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TZS.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.TZS.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TZS.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TZS.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.TZS.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TZS.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TZS.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TZS.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TZS.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TZS.USD.CA.AC.A01
Thailand
Capital
Bangkok
Central bank
Bank of Thailand
Central bank's website
http://www.bot.or.th/
Currency
Thai baht
ISO currency code
THB
Subunits
100 satang
Currency circulation
Thailand
IMF membership
Since 3 May 1949
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 4 May 1990
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.THB.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.THB.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.THB.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.THB.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.THB.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.THB.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.THB.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.THB.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.THB.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.THB.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.THB.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.THB.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.THB.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.THB.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.THB.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.THB.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.THB.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.THB.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.THB.USD.CA.AC.A01
Timor-Leste
Capital
Dili
Central bank
Central Bank of Timor-Leste
Central bank's website
http://www.bancocentral.tl/en/main.asp
Currency
US dollar
ISO currency code
USD
Subunits
100 Cents
Currency circulation
United States, American Samoa, Bonaire, Ecuador, El Salvador,
Guam, Amerikanische Jungferninseln, Britische Jungferninseln,
Marshall islands, Föderierte Staaten von Micronesia, Federated
States of, Nördliche Marianen, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saba, St.
Eustatius, Timor-Leste, Turks- u. Caicosinseln
IMF membership
Since 23 July 2002
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 23 July 2002: No separate legal tender
Comment
Independent since 20 May 2002.
Since 10 November 2003 the Central Bank of Timot-Leste issues
coins known as "centavos", equivalent in value to the United States
cents.
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
Togo
Capital
Lomé
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Togo, Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger,
Senegal
IMF membership
Since 01 August 1962
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 June 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 2007: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent since 27 April 1960
Member state of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
(UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine)
Time series
BBEX3.A.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.XOF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
Tonga
Capital
Nuku'alofa
Central bank
National Reserve Bank of Tonga
Central bank's website
http://www.reservebank.to
Currency
Pa'anga
ISO currency code
TOP
Subunits
100 seniti
Currency circulation
Tonga
Legacy currency
Tongan pound
Conversion rate
1 Tongan pound = 2 pa'anga
with effect from 3 April 1967
Currency history
3 April 1967: Introduction of the pa'anga (TOP)
conversion rate: 1 Tongan pound = 2 pa'anga
IMF membership
Since 13 September 1985
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 22 March 1991
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 June 2001: Pegged exchange rate within horizontal bands
Comment
Independent (from Great Britain) since 4 June 1970
Time series
BBEX3.A.TOP.EUR.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TOP.EUR.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TOP.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.TOP.USD.CM.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TOP.USD.CM.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TOP.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.TOP.EUR.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TOP.EUR.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TOP.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TOP.USD.CM.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TOP.USD.CM.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TOP.USD.CM.AC.A01
Trinidad and Tobago
Capital
Port-of-Spain
Central bank
Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago
Central bank's website
http://www.central-bank.org.tt/
Currency
Trinidad and Tobago dollar
ISO currency code
TTD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Trinidad and Tobago
Legacy currency
British West Indies dollar
Conversion rate
1 British West Indies dollar = 1 Trinidad and Tobago dollar
with effect from 14 December 1964
Currency history
14 December 1964: Introduction of the Trinidad and Tobago dollar
(TTD)
conversion rate: 1 British West Indies dollar = 1 Trinidad and Tobago
dollar
IMF membership
Since 16 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 13 Dezember 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Independent since 31 August 1962 (formerly: British colony)
Time series
BBEX3.A.TTD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TTD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TTD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.TTD.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TTD.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TTD.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.TTD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TTD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TTD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TTD.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TTD.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TTD.USD.CA.AC.A01
Tunisia
Capital
Tunis
Central bank
Banque Centrale de Tunisie
Central bank's website
http://www.bct.gov.tn
Currency
Tunisian dinar
ISO currency code
TND
Subunits
1,000 millimes
Currency circulation
Tunisia
Legacy currency
Tunisian franc
Conversion rate
1,000 Tunisian franc = 1 Tunisian dinar
with effect from 1 November 1958
Currency history
1 November 1958: Introduction of the Tunisian dinar (TND)
conversion rate: 1,000 Tunisian franc = 1 Tunisian dinar
IMF membership
Since 14 April 1958
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 6 January 1993
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 14 January 2009: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
15 January 2009 - 31 August 2011: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 01 September 2011: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central
rate with an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Tunisia maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to a composite.
Time series
BBEX3.A.TND.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TND.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TND.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.TND.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TND.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TND.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.TND.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.TND.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.TND.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.TND.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.TND.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.TND.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.TND.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TND.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TND.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TND.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TND.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TND.USD.CA.AC.A01
Turkey
Capital
Ankara
Central bank
Central Bank of Turkey
Central bank's website
http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/
Currency
Turkish lira (up to 31 December 2008 designated as New Turkish lira)
ISO currency code
TRY
Subunits
100 kurus
Currency circulation
Turkey
Legacy currency
Turkish lira
Legacy currency's ISO currency TRL
code
Conversion rate
1,000,000 Turkish lira = 1 New Turkish lira
with effect from 1 January 2005
Currency history
1 January 2005: Introduction of the New Turkish lira (TRY)
conversion rate: 1,000,000 Turkish lira = 1 New Turkish lira
(designated as Turkish lira since 1 January 2009)
IMF membership
Since 11 March 1947
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 22 March 1990
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 23 October 2008: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
24 October 2008 - 03 August 2009: Floating (market-determined with
more frequent modes of intervention)
04 August 2009 - 03 October 2010: Free floating (market-determined
with intervention in exceptional cases only)
Since 04 October 2010: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.TRY.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.TRY.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.TRY.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TRY.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.TRY.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TRY.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TRY.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.TRY.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.TRY.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.TRY.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.TRY.USD.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.TRY.USD.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.TRY.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.TRY.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TRY.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TRY.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TRY.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.TRY.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.TRY.USD.CA.AC.A01
Turkmenistan
Capital
Ashgabat
Central bank
Central Bank of Turkmenistan
Central bank's website
http://www.cbt.tm/
Currency
Turkmen manat
ISO currency code
TMT
Subunits
100 tenge
Currency circulation
Turkmenistan
Legacy currency
Turkmen manat
Legacy currency's ISO currency TMM
code
Conversion rate
5,000 Turkmen manat (old) = 1 Turkmen manat (new)
with effect from 1 January 2009
Currency history
1 November 1993: Introduction of the Turkmen manat (TMM) The
changeover from the rouble to the Turkmen manat took place
between 1 and 19 November 1993 at the following rates:
1 to 5 November 1993: 500 rouble = 1 Turkmen manat
6 to 12 November 1993: 595 rouble = 1 Turkmen manat
13 to 19 November 1993: 599 rouble = 1 Turkmen manat
1January 2009: Introduction of the new Turkmen manat (TMT)
conversion rate: 5,000 Turkmen manat (old) = 1 Turkmen manat
(new) The old Turkmen manat also remained legal tender (at this rate)
until the end of December 2009
IMF membership
Since 22 September 1992
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 01 January 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Time series
BBEX3.A.TMT.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.TMT.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.TMT.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.TMT.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.TMT.USD.CA.AC.A01
Tuvalu
Capital
Funafuti
Currency
Australian dollar
ISO currency code
AUD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Australia , Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Kiribati, Nauru, Norfolk
Island, Tuvalu
IMF membership
Since 24 June 2010
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 24 June 2010: No seperate legal tender
Comment
Independent since 1 October 1978
local currency is also in use.
Time series
BBEX3.A.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.AUD.EUR.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AUD.USD.CM.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.AUD.USD.CM.AC.000
BBEX3.M.AUD.EUR.CM.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AUD.USD.CM.AC.A01
Uganda
Capital
Kampala
Central bank
Bank of Uganda
Central bank's website
http://www.bou.or.ug
Currency
Uganda shilling
ISO currency code
UGX
Currency circulation
Uganda
Legacy currency
Uganda shilling
Legacy currency's ISO currency UGS
code
Conversion rate
100 Uganda shilling (old) = 1 Uganda shilling (new)
with effect from 15 May 1987
Currency history
15 August 1966: Introduction of the Uganda shilling (UGS)
conversion rate: 1 East African shilling = 1 Uganda shilling
15 May 1987: Introduction of the new Uganda shilling (UGX)
conversion rate: 100 Uganda shilling (old) = 1 Uganda shilling (new)
IMF membership
Since 27 September 1963
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 5 April 1994
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.UGX.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.UGX.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.UGX.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.UGX.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.UGX.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.UGX.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.UGX.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.UGX.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.UGX.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.UGX.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.UGX.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.UGX.USD.CA.AC.A01
Ukraine
Capital
Kyiv
Central bank
National Bank of Ukraine
Central bank's website
http://www.bank.gov.ua
Currency
Hryvnia
ISO currency code
UAH
Subunits
100 kopiyok
Currency circulation
Ukraine
Legacy currency
Karbovanets
Legacy currency's ISO currency UAK
code
Conversion rate
100,000 karbovanets = 1 hryvnia
with effect from 2 September 1996
Currency history
13 November 1992: Introduction of the karbovanets (UAK)
conversion rate: 1 (Soviet) rouble = 1 karbovanets
2 September 1996: Introduction of the hryvnia (UAH)
conversion rate: 100,000 karbovanets = 1 hryvnia
IMF membership
Since 03 September 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 24 September 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 28 February 2010: Other managed arrangement
01 March 2010 - 06 February 2014: Stabilized arrangement
(exchange rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
Since 07 February 2014: Floating (market-determined with more
frequent modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.UAH.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.UAH.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.UAH.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.UAH.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.UAH.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.UAH.USD.CA.AC.A01
United Arab Emirates
Capital
Abu Dhabi
Central bank
Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.ae/en
Currency
United Arab Emirates dirham
ISO currency code
AED
Subunits
100 fils
Currency circulation
United Arab Emirates
Legacy currency
Bahraini dinar (in Abu Dhabi)
Qatar and Dubai riyal (in Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah,
Sharjah and Umm al-Qaiwain)
Conversion rate
1 Bahraini dinar = 10 United Arab Emirates dirham
with effect from 20 May 1973
1 Qatar and Dubai riyal = 1 United Arab Emirates dirham
with effect from 20 May 1973
Currency history
20 May 1973: Introduction of the United Arab Emirates dirham (AED)
conversion rate: 1 Bahraini dinar = 10 United Arab Emirates dirham, 1
Qatar and Dubai riyal = 1 United Arab Emirates dirham
IMF membership
Since 22 September 1972
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 13 February 1974
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 31 March 1999: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Independent (from Great Britain) since 2 December 1971. On that
date, Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Sharjah and Umm alQaiwain agreed to enter into a union called the United Arab Emirates
Ras al-Khaimah joined the union on 11 February 1972
Time series
BBEX3.A.AED.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.AED.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.AED.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.AED.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.AED.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.AED.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.AED.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.AED.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.AED.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.AED.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.AED.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.AED.USD.CA.AC.A01
United Kingdom
Capital
London
Central bank
Bank of England
Central bank's website
http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/
Currency
Pound sterling
ISO currency code
GBP
Subunits
100 pence (since the introduction of the decimal currency on 15
February 1971)
Currency circulation
United Kingdom, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 February 1961
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
1 May 1972 - 22 June 1972: Cooperative arrangement (European
common margins arrangement)
23 June 1972: Withdrawal from the cooperative arrangement
(European common margins arrangement)
23 June 1972 - 7 October 1990: Independently floating
8 October 1990 - 16 September 1992: Cooperative arrangement
(European Monetary System)
17 September1992: Withdrawal from the European Monetary System
17 September 1992 - 29 April 2008: Independently floating
Since 30 April 2008: Free floating (market-determined with
intervention in exceptional cases only)
Comment
In Scotland and Northern Ireland, a small volume of banknotes issued
by commercial banks in these territories is in circulation alongside
notes issued by the Bank of England.
Time series
BBEX3.A.GBP.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.GBP.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.GBP.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GBP.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.GBP.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.GBP.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.GBP.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.GBP.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.GBP.USD.CA.AC.A01
United States
Capital
Washington
Central bank
Federal Reserve (FED)
Central bank's website
http://www.federalreserve.gov/
Currency
US dollar
ISO currency code
USD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
United States, American Samoa, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Guam, Marshall Islands, Federated States of
Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico,
Saba, Saint Eustatius, Timor-Leste, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin
Islands of the United States, Zimbabwe
IMF membership
Since 27 December 1945
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 10 December 1946
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 15 August 1971: Independently floating
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.USD.GBP.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.USD.GBP.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.USD.GBP.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.GBP.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.USD.GBP.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.USD.GBP.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.GBP.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.GBP.CA.AA.A02
BBEX3.M.USD.GBP.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.GBP.CA.AB.A02
BBEX3.M.USD.GBP.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.GBP.CA.AC.A02
Uruguay
Capital
Montevideo
Central bank
Banco Central del Uruguay
Central bank's website
http://www.bcu.gub.uy
Currency
Uruguayan peso
ISO currency code
UYU
Subunits
100 centésimos
Currency circulation
Uruguay
Legacy currency
Uruguayan new peso
Legacy currency's ISO currency UYP
code
Conversion rate
1,000 Uruguayan new peso = 1 Uruguayan peso
with effect from 1 March 1993
Currency history
1 July 1975: Introduction of the Uruguayan new peso (UYP)
conversion rate: 1,000 Uruguayan peso = 1 Uruguayan new peso
1 March 1993: Introduction of the Uruguayan peso (UYU)
conversion rate: 1,000 Uruguayan new peso = 1 Uruguayan peso
IMF membership
Since 11 March 1946
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 02 Mai 1980
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Time series
BBEX3.A.UYU.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.UYU.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.UYU.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.UYU.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.UYU.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.UYU.USD.CA.AC.A01
Uzbekistan
Capital
Tashkent
Central bank
Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Central bank's website
http://www.cbu.uz
Currency
Uzbekistan sum coupon
ISO currency code
UZS
Subunits
100 tijin
Currency circulation
Uzbekistan
Conversion rate
1,000 Uzbekistan sum coupons = 1 Uzbekistan sum, with effect from
1 July 1994
Currency history
22 November 1993: Introduction of the Uzbekistan sum (in the form of
coupons) as the new currency. The rouble also remained in circulation
until the end of December 1993.
1 July 1994: Introduction of the Uzbekistan sum (UZS)
conversion rate: 1,000 Uzbekistan sum coupons = 1 Uzbekistan sum
IMF membership
Since 21 September 1992
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 15 October 2003
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Crawl-like arrangement (moving central rate with
an annual minimum rate of change)
Comment
Uzbekistan maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US
dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.UZS.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.UZS.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.UZS.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.D.UZS.USD.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.UZS.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.UZS.USD.CA.AC.A01
Vanuatu
Capital
Port Vila
Central bank
Reserve Bank of Vanuatu
Central bank's website
http://www.rbv.gov.vu
Currency
Vatu
ISO currency code
VUV
Currency circulation
Vanuatu
Legacy currency
New Hebrides franc
Legacy currency's ISO currency NHF
code
Conversion rate
1 New Hebrides franc = 1 vatu
with effect from 1 January 1981
Currency history
1 January 1981: Introduction of the vatu (VUV)
conversion rate: 1 New Hebrides franc = 1 vatu
IMF membership
Since 28 September 1981
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 11 December 1982
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Other managed arrangement
Time series
BBEX3.A.VUV.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.VUV.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.VUV.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.VUV.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.VUV.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.VUV.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.VUV.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.VUV.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.VUV.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.VUV.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.VUV.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.VUV.USD.CA.AC.A01
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republik of
Capital
Caracas
Central bank
Banco Central de Venezuela
Central bank's website
http://www.bcv.org.ve/
Currency
Bolívar (until the end of 2011 bolívar fuerte)
ISO currency code
VEF
Subunits
100 céntimos
Currency circulation
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Legacy currency
Bolívar
Legacy currency's ISO currency VEB
code
Conversion rate
1,000 bolívares = 1 bolívar fuerte
with effect from 1 January 2008
Currency history
1 January 2008: Introduction of the bolívar fuerte (VEF)
conversion rate: 1,000 bolívares = 1 bolívar fuerte (designated as
bolívar since January 2012)
IMF membership
Since 30 December 1946
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 01 July 1976
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 05 February 2003: Conventional peg (exchange rate guarantee
but no irrevocable parity)
Comment
Multiple exchange rate system
Time series
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.B04
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.B07
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.B11
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.B04
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.B07
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.B11
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B04
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B07
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B08
BBEX3.A.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B11
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AA.B04
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AA.B07
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AA.B11
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AB.B04
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AB.B07
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AB.B11
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AC.B04
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AC.B07
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AC.B08
BBEX3.A.VEF.USD.CA.AC.B11
BBEX3.D.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.B00
BBEX3.D.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.000
BBEX3.D.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.B00
BBEX3.D.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.000
BBEX3.D.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B00
BBEX3.D.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.000
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.B01
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.B05
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AA.B09
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.B01
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.B05
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AB.B09
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B01
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B05
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B06
BBEX3.M.VEF.EUR.CA.AC.B09
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AA.B01
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AA.B05
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AA.B09
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AB.B01
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AB.B05
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AB.B09
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AC.B01
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AC.B05
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AC.B06
BBEX3.M.VEF.USD.CA.AC.B09
Viet Nam
Capital
Hanoi
Central bank
State Bank of Vietnam
Central bank's website
http://www.sbv.gov.vn/
Currency
Dong
ISO currency code
VND
Subunits
10 hào / 100 xu
Currency circulation
Viet Nam
Legacy currency
Dong
Conversion rate
10 dong (old) = 1 dong (new)
with effect from 14 September 1985
Currency history
21 July 1954: Conclusion of the Geneva Indochina conference. The
outcome is that the country is split into the Democratic Republic of
Viet Nam (North Viet Nam) and the Republic of Viet Nam (South Viet
Nam).
North Viet Nam
Up until 30 October 1954: Conversion of Indochinese piastre into
dong (the latter had already been in circulation in the north since
1951) at a rate of 30 Indochinese piastre = 1 dong
1 March 1959: Introduction of the new dong
conversion rate: 1,000 dong (old) = 1 dong (new)
South Viet Nam
31 December 1954: End of the currency union with Cambodia and
Laos
30 September 1955: Own banknotes denominated in piastre / dong
are issued for the first time
conversion rate: 1 Indochinese piastre = 1 Vietnamese piastre
22 September 1975: Introduction of the South Vietnamese dong
conversion rate: 500 Vietnamese piastre = 1 South Vietnamese dong
(0.80 South Vietnamese dong = 1 North Vietnamese dong)
3 May 1978: Introduction of the unified dong (VND)
conversion rate: 1 North Vietnamesedong/ 0.80 South Vietnamese
dong = 1 dong (new)
14 September 1985: Introduction of the new dong (VND)
conversion rate: 10 dong (old) = 1 dong (new)
IMF membership
Since 21 September 1956
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 8 November 2005
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 07 November 2008: Stabilized arrangement (exchange
rate within a narrow band without any political obligation)
08 November 2008 - 31 December 2008: Other managed
arrangement
Since 01 January 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within
a narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
On 2 July 1976, the Republic of Viet Nam (South Viet Nam) and the
Democratic Republic of Viet Nam (North Viet Nam) were merged to
form Viet Nam.
Viet Nam maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
Time series
BBEX3.A.VND.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.VND.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.VND.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.VND.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.VND.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.VND.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.VND.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.VND.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.VND.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.VND.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.VND.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.VND.USD.CA.AC.A01
West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU)
Central bank
Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO)
Central bank's website
http://www.bceao.int
Currency
CFA franc
ISO currency code
XOF
Currency circulation
Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
Comment
Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger,
Senegal and Togo all belong to the West African Economic and
Monetary Union (UEMOA = Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest
Africaine). The responsible monetary authority is the "Banque
Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest", whose CFA franc (F.CFA
= Franc de la Communauté FinancièreAfricaine) is legal tender only in
the aforementioned countries.
Yemen
Capital
Sana'a
Central bank
Central Bank of Yemen
Central bank's website
http://www.centralbank.gov.ye
Currency
Yemeni rial
ISO currency code
YER
Subunits
100 fils (by decree of 4 March 1975
previously: 40 buqshas)
Currency circulation
Yemen
Legacy currency
Maria Theresa thaler (North Yemen)
Yemeni dinar (South Yemen)
Conversion rate
1 Maria Theresa thaler = 1 Yemeni rial
1 Yemeni dinar = 26 Yemeni rial
Currency history
(North) Yemen
4 February 1964: Introduction of the Yemeni rial
conversion rate: 1 Maria Theresa thaler = 1 Yemeni rial
Democratic Yemen (South Yemen
independent from Great Britain since 30 November 1967)
1 October 1951: The East African shilling replaced the Indian rupee in
the Colony of Aden, which became the State of Aden in theFederation
of South Arabia in 1963 (until 1967).
1 April 1965: Introduction of the South Arabian dinar
conversion rate: 20 East African shilling = 1 South Arabian dinar
27 August 1968: Introduction of the Yemeni dinar (YDD
known as the South Yemeni dinar until the middle of 1972)
conversion rate: 1 South Arabian dinar = 1 Yemeni dinar
4 May 1990: the Yemeni dinar (YDD) became legal tender in North
Yemen, and likewise the Yemeni rial (YER) in South Yemen, at a ratio
of YDD 1 = YER 26
North and South Yemen united to form the current Republic of
Yemen on 22 May 1990, with both currencies remaining legal tender
until 1996. The Yemeni rial has been the sole legal tender since the
deadline for exchanging currency passed on 15 August 1996.
IMF membership
Since 22 May 1970
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 10 December 1996
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 30 June 2009: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate
within a narrow band without any political obligation)
01 July 2009 - 31 May 2012: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 June 2012: Stabilized arrangement (exchange rate within a
narrow band without any political obligation)
Comment
Yemen maintains a de facto exchange rate anchor to the US dollar.
History:
A law was passed in the former Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen)
on 3 February 1964 to establish a currency board that was authorised
to issue banknotes. The exchange period for North Yemen's sole legal
tender until that time, the Maria Theresa thaler, expired on30 April
1965. On 8 March 1965, the Yemeni rial then became the sole legal
tender.
As of 27 August 1968, the currency of the Democratic Yemen (South
Yemen) was the Yemeni dinar (known as the South Yemeni dinar until
the middle of 1972).
On 4 May 1990, the Yemeni dinar (YDD) became legal tender in
North Yemen, and likewise the Yemeni rial (YER) in South Yemen, at
a ratio of YDD 1 = YER 26.
North and South Yemen united to form the current Republic of
Yemen on 22 May 1990, with both currencies remaining legal tender
until 1996. The Yemeni rial has been the sole legal tender since the
deadline for exchanging currency passed on 15 August 1996.
Time series
BBEX3.A.YER.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.YER.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.YER.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.YER.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.YER.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.YER.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.YER.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.YER.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.YER.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.YER.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.YER.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.YER.USD.CA.AC.A01
Zambia
Capital
Lusaka
Central bank
Bank of Zambia
Central bank's website
http://www.boz.zm/
Currency
Kwacha
ISO currency code
ZMW
Subunits
100 ngwee
Currency circulation
Zambia
Legacy currency
Kwacha
Legacy currency's ISO currency ZMK
code
Conversion rate
1,000 kwacha (old) = 1 kwacha (new)
with effect from 1 January 2013
Currency history
April 1957: Introduction of the Rhodesian pound
conversion rate: 1 Southern Rhodesian pound = 1 Rhodesian pound
16 November 1964: Introduction of the Zambian pound
conversion rate: 1 Rhodesian pound = 1 Zambian pound
16 January 1968: Introduction of the kwacha (ZMK)
conversion rate: 1 Zambian pound = 2 kwacha
1 January 2013: Introduction of the new kwacha (ZMW)
conversion rate: 1,000 kwacha (old) = 1 kwacha (new)
IMF membership
Since 23 September 1965
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 19 April 2002
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
Since 30 April 2008: Floating (market-determined with more frequent
modes of intervention)
Comment
Up to 31 July 1953 Northern Rhodesia
from 1 August 1953 part of the Federation of Rhodesia and
Nyasaland
from 1 January 1964 Northern Rhodesia. On 24 October 1964,
Northern Rhodesia became independent and was renamed Zambia.
Time series
BBEX3.A.ZMW.EUR.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ZMW.EUR.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ZMW.EUR.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.A.ZMW.USD.CA.AA.A04
BBEX3.A.ZMW.USD.CA.AB.A04
BBEX3.A.ZMW.USD.CA.AC.A04
BBEX3.M.ZMW.EUR.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ZMW.EUR.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ZMW.EUR.CA.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.ZMW.USD.CA.AA.A01
BBEX3.M.ZMW.USD.CA.AB.A01
BBEX3.M.ZMW.USD.CA.AC.A01
Zimbabwe
Capital
Harare
Central bank
Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe
Central bank's website
http://www.rbz.co.zw
Currency
US dollar
ISO currency code
USD
Subunits
100 cents
Currency circulation
Zimbabwe, American Samoa, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands, Ecuador,
El Salvador, Guam, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia,
Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saba, Saint
Eustatius, Timor-Leste, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States,
Virgin Islands of the United States
Legacy currency
Zimbabwe dollar
Legacy currency's ISO currency ZWL
code
Conversion rate
Account balances:
Up to 175 quadrillion Zimbabwe dollar:
a lump sum of 5 US dollar
Over 175 quadrillion Zimbabwe dollar:
1 US dollar per 35 quadrillion Zimbabwe dollar (old)
1 US dollar per 35,000 Zimbabwe dollar (new)
Cash:
1 US dollar per 250 trillion Zimbabwe dollar (old)
1 US dollar per 250 Zimbabwe dollar (new)
Currency history
2 May 1980: Introduction of the Zimbabwe dollar (ZWD)
conversion rate: 1 Rhodesian dollar = 1 Zimbabwe dollar
1 August 2006: Introduction of the new Zimbabwe dollar (ZWD)
conversion rate: 1,000 Zimbabwe dollar (old) = 1 Zimbabwe dollar
(new)
1 August 2008: Introduction of the new Zimbabwe dollar (ZWR)
conversion rate: 10,000,000,000 Zimbabwe dollar (old) = 1 Zimbabwe
dollar (new)
2 February 2009: Introduction of the new Zimbabwe dollar (ZWL)
conversion rate: 1,000,000,000,000 Zimbabwe dollar (old) = 1
Zimbabwe dollar (new)
15 June - 30 September 2015: Demonetisation of the Zimbabwe
dollar (ZWL)
see conversion old new
IMF membership
Since 29 September 1980
Acceptance of Article VIII (IMF's 5 February 1995
Articles of Agreement)
Exchange rate arrangement
according to the IMF
classification
30 April 2008 - 31 December 2009: Other managed arrangement
Since 01 January 2010: No seperate legal tender
Comment
Principal currency
alongside the US dollar the following currencies were named as
"official means of payment": South African rand, euro, pound sterling,
Botswana pula (since 2 February 2009)
Japanese yen, Chinese yuan renminbi, Indian rupee, Australian dollar
(since January 2014).
Time series
BBEX3.A.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A04
BBEX3.D.USD.EUR.BB.AC.000
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A01
BBEX3.M.USD.EUR.BB.AC.A02