Advanced Materials Research
ISSN: 1662-8985, Vols. 418-420, pp 2286-2289
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.418-420.2286
© 2012 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
Online: 2011-12-06
Contributions of Microorganisms to Nitrogen Cycle of Wuyiling Wetland
in Yichun in Northeast China
Li Ji-guang1, 2, a, Ren Yi-bin2, Ren Nan-qi2, Yang Chun-wen1,
Zuo Chun-sheng1, Jin zhi-min1, Shao Yan-qiu1
1
2
College of Life Sciences and Technology, Mudanjiang Teachers College, Mudanjiang,
Heilongjiang, 157012, China
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology,
Harbin Heilongjiang, 150090, China
a
[email protected]
Keywords: Microorganisms, Nitrogen Cycle, Wetland, Bacterial strain, Ammonium oxidation.
Abstract. Wetland is the important part in urban ecosystem. Microorganisms is integral component
of urban wetland ecosystem is the main factor of wetlands sewage treatment, and plays an
irreplaceable role in the degradation. In this paper, the authors regard urban wetland of Yichun in
north shore of Tangwang river as the research object, through experiments to identify the
microorganisms types, finding five microorganisms types being nitrify fungi. The article analyzes
the contributions of microorganisms in nitrogen cycle of urban wetland. It is present that
microorganisms plays an irreplaceable role in controlling pollutions and nitrification and
anti-nitrification reactions play the most significant role in the degradation of nitrogen compounds
and ammonium oxidation is a possible process in deducing nitrogen pollutions.
Introduction
Wetland is a special amphibious transitional ecosystem[1]. The ramsar convention wetlands
defined as ask its natural or artificial, long-term or intermittent swamp, wet original, peatland or
water zone, providing static or flowing water, brackish or salt, low water depth is not more than 6m
waters[2]. Urban wetland refers to distributed in the city wetland, including all kinds of natural and
artificial wetland[3]. Urban wetland has unique hydrology, soil, vegetation and biological
characteristics of the ecological system[4]. Urban wetland is not only a large reservoirs, still can
eliminate toxic substances into the water, which mainly rely on wetland of animals and plants and a
lot of microorganisms to solve[5]. The study area is located in Yichun Tangwang river north shore
with urban water-barrier opposite between north and south in the Tangwang river embankment with
total area of 88 square kilometers. Range is bound up with Yichun west coast state railway bridge,
east to the north on changing forward dike, the south to the north, and Yichun Tangwang river
mainstream city of pearl river. The area is river wetland mudflat the flora.
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Advanced Materials Research Vols. 418-420
2287
Microorganisms in Wuyiling Wetland
Source of wetland microbial
Wetland the microorganism mainly comes from earth, air, water or death of animal and plant
body etc. Corruption Especially in the soil microorganisms, often with soil was the rains washed out
into rivers and lakes in. Soil bacteria, actinomyces and fungi all the most, in the wetlands can be
found in almost any. Most wetland in water is given priority to, the main photosynthetic organisms
are microorganisms. In aerobic zone to cyanobacteria and algae, being While in anaerobic area are
in photosynthetic bacteria in the majority. These microbes, pass photosynthesis, will change into
organic, inorganic composition itself, known as primary producers.
Regional wetland microorganism strains identified
Taken from the Tangwang river north shore artificial wetland and natural wetland three groups
of water, strains morphological characteristics such as shown in table 1, strains of physiological and
biochemical characteristics, the article selected strains are the process of cultivation grew
significantly in chemical reaction with the morphological characteristics are representative. Besides
that, as higher biological adopts the traditional morphology, physiology and ecology characters, but
also must find new features as the basis of classification and identification [6]. Experimental results
on the basis of the above berger's handbook classify bacteria appraisal appraisal, identified the
partial strains to genus, the rest will continue to appraise the strains, strains identified results such as
shown in table 1 Through the identification of these strains belong to bacteria and actinomyces, 5
kinds of microbe has nitrate reducing activity, for nitrification fungi, the results is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Physiological biochemical identification of bacteria types
Physiological and biochemical experiment reaction conditions
Item
mesh
Starch
hydrolysis
Citrate
utilization
test
Sugar or alcohol
fermentation tests
Nitrate
reducing
Gelatin
V-P test
test
liquefaction
test
Indoles
test
J1
+
+
+
+
+
+
－
J2
－
+
+
－
+
+
－
J3
+
－
+
+
+
+
－
J4
+
－
+
－
－
－
－
J5
－
+
+
+
－
－
－
J6
+
－
+
－
－
+
－
J7
－
+
+
+
－
+
－
J8
+
－
+
+
－
+
－
J9
－
－
+
－
+
+
－
Due to the development of ecological environment, urban wetland within the microorganisms
may also produces change, through the appraisal, determine strains loose north of urban wetland in
microbial species, is for the purpose of studying wetland microbes to the influence of the function
of the city wetland. Urban wetlands have purify environment pollution, degradation of function,
microbial species for wetland play that functions play an important role, the wetland of
microorganism chemical and biological process can be made into wetland degradation and toxic
substance transformation, different microbial plays a different role.
2288
Materials Processing Technology, ICAMMP2011
Nitrogen circulating system of Wuyiling Wetland
Nitrogen cycling is a complex system, the biosphere by a large majority of nitrogen in the form
of nitrogen gas in the atmosphere, nitrogen through living and non-living role of ammonia nitrogen,
fixed generation after became assimilated into organic nitrogen or into nitric acid, nitric acid
nitrogen and nitrogen through reverse nitrification into nitrogen or nitrous-oxide [7]. Improve
nitrogen removal rate is the main purpose of the urban wetland research, so the city wetland
nitrogen circulatory system is the key point. Urban wetland system nitrogen in the form of existence
many, including urban wetland by agricultural pollution, nitrogen mainly exists in the form of
nitrate nitrogen, From industrial wastewater pollution or animal husbandry, breeding polluted,
nitrogen is mainly by ammonia nitrogen forms exist.
Urban wetland systems, most of the microbial participate in a different form of inorganic
nitrogen transformation, including plant, microorganism and soil participation of internal circulation
is the main nitrogen cycle. Because in the whole nitrogen cycling, organic nitrogen through
ammoniation role into inorganic nitrogen, after a series of reactions with inorganic nitrogen related,
and the transformation of microbes in nitrogen cycle of use are mainly inorganic state of nitrogen,
so here only discuss the inorganic nitrogen. Inorganic nitrogen mainly, the results is shown in Table
2.
Table 2 Strains identified
Project
J1
J2
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
J8
J9
Fungi genera
Corynebacterium
Micrococcus
Staphylococus
Bacillus
Streptomyces
Streptocucus
Salmonella Lignieres
Neisseria Trevisan
Enterobacter
Nitrogen nitrification and denitrification process is wetland ecosystem degradation of nitrogen in
the main process, but anaerobic ammonium oxidation process offered to traditional nitrogen cycle
theory added new content.
Conclusion
From the wetland nitrogen removal contaminants of Angle, microorganisms responsible
nitrification and nitrogen is will pollutants from wetland system to remove the main way, the
wetland nitrogen cycles of nitration and process will enter the wetland of most nitrogen
transformation, general but will nitrogen removal 70% ~ 90%. Microbial role is decisive role, from
combined nitrogen to gaseous nitrogen removal nitrogen pollution substance transformation mainly
through nitrification[8]. Ammonia nitrogen to proposed by the transformation of nitrogen proposed
form afterbirth fungus genera and proposed coccus of genera and proposed such action. Proposed
nitrogen to nitric acid nitrogen ransformation mainly through the denitrifying bacteria, denitrifying
aureus genera belong to play a role. Because these bacteria growth strictly aerobic and anaerobic
cannot live so called the aerobic nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, and because they are in the
Advanced Materials Research Vols. 418-420
2289
growth process does not require only organic, inorganic and CO2, via oxidative inorganic gain
energy and material to assimilation CO2 component cells, so they all belong to which can since
oxygen bacteria.
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation process is the premise condition is ammonia nitrogen, proposed
nitrogen also exists, and anaerobic environment, exist widely in the wetland aerobic/anaerobic
interface is the establishment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process in wetland existed in a
premise, the role the this process is mainly anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria play a role. In
wetland microbial gathered the root zone aerobic/anaerobic microenvironment, is possible that role,
anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction might also be removing nitrogen pollution ways, including
the role the microorganisms need further research.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, surface
science and technology research projects(No.11551517),Young academic backbones of Mudanjiang
Teachers College (No.200901),Mudanjiang Municipal Science and Technology Bureau of scientific
and technological projects (No.200920065), National water pollution control technology major
projects (No. 2009ZX07424-001),The funding from Project 50821002(National Creative Research
Groups) supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China,the Major Program of National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50638020),State Key Laboratory of Urban Water
Resource and Environment (No. 2010DX11).
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Materials Processing Technology, ICAMMP2011
10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.418-420
Contributions of Microorganisms to Nitrogen Cycle of Wuyiling Wetland in Yichun in Northeast
China
10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.418-420.2286