Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04
Lesson: 02
Suggested Duration: 4 days
Grade 04 Social Studies Unit 04 Exemplar Lesson 02: Spain Settles Texas
This lesson is one approach to teaching the State Standards associated with this unit. Districts are encouraged to customize this lesson
by supplementing with district-approved resources, materials, and activities to best meet the needs of learners. The duration for this
lesson is only a recommendation, and districts may modify the time frame to meet students’ needs. To better understand how your district
may be implementing CSCOPE lessons, please contact your child’s teacher. (For your convenience, please find linked the TEA
Commissioner’s List of State Board of Education Approved Instructional Resources and Midcycle State Adopted Instructional Materials.)
Lesson Synopsis
This lesson explores when, where, and why the Spanish settled Texas. Students gather information about mission life in Texas and
illustrate it by creating a mural.
TEKS
The Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) listed below are the standards adopted by the State Board of Education, which are
required by Texas law. Any standard that has a strike-through (e.g. sample phrase) indicates that portion of the standard is taught in a
previous or subsequent unit. The TEKS are available on the Texas Education Agency website at http://www.tea.state.tx.us/index2.aspx?
id=6148.
4.2
History. The student understands the causes and effects of European exploration and colonization of Texas
and North America. The student is expected to:
4.2C
Explain when, where, and why the Spanish established settlements and Catholic missions in Texas as
well as important individuals such as José de Escandón.
4.12
Economics. The student understands patterns of work and economic activities in Texas. The student is
expected to:
4.12C Analyze the effects of exploration, immigration, migration, and limited resources on the economic
development and growth of Texas.
Social Studies Skills TEKS
4.21
Social studies skills. The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired
from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to:
4.21B Analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, identifying cause-and-effect relationships,
comparing, contrasting, finding the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions,
and drawing inferences and conclusions.
4.21C Organize and interpret information in outlines, reports, databases, and visuals, including graphs,
charts, timelines, and maps.
4.21D Identify different points of view about an issue, topic, historical event, or current event.
GETTING READY FOR INSTRUCTION
Performance Indicators
Grade 04 Social Studies Unit 04 PI 02
Create a mural illustrating life in Texas missions. Write a summary of the impact of mission life on the settlement of Texas, including both positive and
negative effects they had on the growth of Texas.
Standard(s): 4.2C , 4.12C , 4.21B , 4.21C
ELPS ELPS.c.5F
Key Understandings
People colonize and settle new lands for a variety of reasons, with a variety of effects.
— Why did Europeans colonize and settle Texas?
— When, where, and why did the Spanish establish settlements and Catholic missions in Texas?
Last Updated 05/17/13
Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD
page 1 of 11 Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04
Lesson: 02
Suggested Duration: 4 days
— How did European colonization impact Texas History?
— What was life like in a Spanish mission?
Vocabulary of Instruction
colonization
settlement
mission
missionary
Materials
Refer to the Notes for Teacher section for materials.
Attachments
All attachments associated with this lesson are referenced in the body of the lesson. Due to considerations for grading or student
assessment, attachments that are connected with Performance Indicators or serve as answer keys are available in the district site and
are not accessible on the public website.
Handout: Spanish Settlement Notecard
Handout: Spanish Missions in Texas Timeline
Handout: Missions of San Antonio
Handout: José de Escandón
Handout: Mission Mural Planning Guide
Performance Indicator Key
Resources
Texas Almanac – Spanish Missions: http://www.texasalmanac.com/topics/history/spanish-missions-texas
San Antonio Missions: http://www.nps.gov/saan/index.htm
Texas Beyond History – El Paso Missions: http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/paso/index.html
Texas Beyond History – History of the El Paso Valley: http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/paso/history.html
Texas Beyond History – Tracing a Mission and Its People: http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/espiritu/index.html
The Handbook of Texas Online TSHA – http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online
Advance Preparation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Become familiar with content and procedures for the lesson, including life in Spanish missions.
Refer to the Instructional Focus Document for specific content to include in the lesson.
Select appropriate sections of the textbook and other classroom materials that support the learning for this lesson.
Preview available resources and websites according to district guidelines.
Prepare materials and handouts as needed.
Background Information
Between 1689 –1830, Spain built missions across Texas. With France to the east, Spain built missions to lay claim to Texas. The Roman Catholic Church
wanted to lay claim to Texas and the new world also. They helped to fund the expeditions to Texas and the missions built. The Catholic Franciscan priests
wanted to Christianize American Indians. This is an important unit for students to understand due to the influence the Spanish culture has had on the Texas
culture.
GETTING READY FOR INSTRUCTION
Teachers are encouraged to supplement and substitute resources, materials, and activities to meet the needs of learners. These lessons
are one approach to teaching the TEKS/Specificity as well as addressing the Performance Indicators associated with each unit. District
personnel may create original lessons using the Content Creator in the Tools Tab. All originally authored lessons can be saved in the “My
CSCOPE” Tab within the “My Content” area.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
Last Updated 05/17/13
Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD
page 2 of 11 Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04
Lesson: 02
Suggested Duration: 4 days
Instructional Procedures
Notes for Teacher
ENGAGE – Spanish settlement in Texas
NOTE: 1 Day = 50 minutes
Suggested Day 1 – 15 minutes
1. Display “The Plaza and Church of El Paso” by A.de Vauducourt (can be
displayed using a PowerPoint slide, a placard, or from the Texas Beyond
History website), but do not share with students the caption or title for this
painting until after they have examined the painting.
Materials:
2. Organize students into groups of three or four and distribute index cards to
each student.
3. Lead a visual analysis of the picture.
4. On an index card students note clues from the painting that will help them
understand the painting and answer the following questions, including:
index cards
picture of “The Plaza and Church of El Paso”
by A.de Vauducourt to display
Instructional Note
Visual analysis strategies that could be utilized include: 4
Quarters; Graphic Notes Organizer; People, Objects,
Activities; Who, What, When, Where; and others.
In which region of Texas do you think this mission is located? Why
do you think that?
When do you think this painting is taking place? Why do you think
that?
If you turned on the sound of this painting, what would you hear?
What would be the title of this painting?
5. Groups share their answers with the class.
6. Share with students background information about the painting: (The Plaza
and Church of El Paso, painted by artist A. de Vauducourt during the
1850s, depicts the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de los
Mansos. Founded for the Mansos in 1659, the mission was the first to
be established in the El Paso area. Today, the church stands in
downtown Ciudad Juárez.
EXPLORE – The Spanish establish settlements and Catholic missions
Suggested Day 1 (continued) – 20 minutes
1. Distribute the Handout: Spanish Missions in Texas Timeline and the
Handout: Spanish Settlement in Texas Notecard.
Materials:
2. Display a map of the Spanish missions in Texas. Help students recall what
they know about the geography of Texas and why people may have chosen
to settle where they did (i.e., water). Students also recall what they learned
about Columbus’s journeys from Grade 3), about Juan de Onate (from Grade
3), and about the reasons the Spanish came to Texas (from lesson 1).
3. Display maps of Spanish claims in North America and French claims in North
America. Note that in east Texas there is an overlap in claimed territory.
Remind students that one motivation for settlement was competition.
4. Another reason the Spanish built missions was to convert American Indians to
Christianity, and so the Roman Catholic Church funded and founded
settlements in the new world to accomplish this. Display a map of Spanish
missions in Texas. (There were Spanish missions being founded in California
at this time as well.)
Map of Spanish colonies in North America
Map of French, English, and Spanish colonies
in North America
Map of Spanish missions in Texas
Attachments
Handout: Spanish Missions in Texas
Timeline (1 per student)
Handout: Spanish Settlement in Texas
Notecard (1 per student)
5. While still in their original groups (3-4 students), students build deeper
knowledge about Spanish settlement in Texas. They use the Handout:
Spanish Missions in Texas Timeline, maps, their textbook, and other
materials to gather information and work together to complete the Handout:
Spanish Settlement in Texas Notecard.
6. After students have completed task, they move (individually) around the room
sharing their Notecard responses with classmates from other groups,
checking their work, and adjusting the information on their Notecards.
7. Students return to their original groups and share and record any new or
more accurate information they have discovered.
EXPLAIN –when, where, and why
Last Updated 05/17/13
Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD
Suggested Day 1 (continued) – 15 minutes
page 3 of 11 Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04
Lesson: 02
Suggested Duration: 4 days
1. On a piece of paper, students outline one of their hands.
2. In each finger, students write the answer to one of the following questions.
(Students may use their completed Spanish Settlement Notecard to help
answer the questions.)
Finger 1 – Who settled Texas with missions? Spain
Finger 2 – What is a mission? A church that was founded to spread
Christianity
Materials:
paper/notebook
completed Handout: Spanish Settlement
Notecard
Instructional Note:
Finger 3 – When were missions founded to settle Texas? 17th and
18th centuries; 1682 – 1793
Finger 4 – Where were missions settled in Texas? (including El Paso,
South Texas, San Antonio, and East Texas)
Thumb – Why were missions settled in Texas? To convert American
Indians to the Roman Catholic faith and claim land for Spain.
EXPLORE – Life in a mission
Suggested Day 2 – 20 minutes
1. Provide primary and secondary source documents with descriptions of life in
Spanish missions for students to investigate.
Materials
2. Distribute the Handout: The Missions of San Antonio for students to read
and investigate.
3. Students read and analyze the Handout: Missions of San Antonio and use
their Handout: Spanish Settlement Notecard to build an understanding of
life in Spanish missions.
4. As students read and study the pictures and descriptions, they underline or
otherwise indicate (perhaps with sticky notes) interesting information about
life in Spanish missions.
5. After a first look at the documents, pictures, and descriptions, students
answer the questions on the right side of their Handout: Missions of San
Antonio, summarizing and discussing information they found.
Students’ completed Handout: Spanish
Settlement Notecard from Day 1
Pictures of mission life
Descriptions of mission life
primary source descriptions of Spanish
mission life from the UC Davis Project
sticky notes
Attachments
Handout: The Missions of San Antonio (1
per student)
Instructional Note
Primary source documents are often above grade 4 reading
levels, but they are the best sources for information. Students
do not have to read the whole document to gain usable
information, and this could present an opportunity to develop
skills in skimming or scanning, slowing down to read
information of interest related to the topic.
EXPLAIN – Life in a mission
Suggested Day 2 (continued) – 15 minutes
1. Distribute drawing paper to each student.
Materials
2. Students draw pictures of items, activities, and places related to life in
Spanish missions. Students then choose two or three of the sketches to write
a descriptive sentence.
Drawing paper
3. Students share their drawings and descriptive sentences with a partner.
EXPLORE – José de Escandón
Suggested Day 2 (continued) – 15 minutes
1. Distribute the Handout: José de Escandón.
Attachment:
2. Students, in pairs or small groups, read the biography on the handout and
underline two things they think are most important to know about José de
Esondón regarding the Spanish settling Texas.
Handout: José de Escandón (1 per student)
3. Facilitate a discussion where students make connections between José de
Escandón and other information they have learned, including:
when, where, and why the Spanish established settlements and Catholic
missions
motivations for settlement of Texas, including economic opportunity,
competition, and the desire for expansion
impact of significant explorers on the settlement of Texas
Last Updated 05/17/13
Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD
page 4 of 11 Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04
Lesson: 02
Suggested Duration: 4 days
EXPLAIN – José de Escandón
Suggested Day 3 – 10 minutes
1. Students pair up and turn and talk sharing about important facts about José
de Escandón regarding the Spanish settling Texas, especially causes and
effects of European colonization of Texas.
ELABORATE –
Suggested Day 3 (continued) – 20 minutes
1. Facilitate a discussion where students answer the guiding questions and use
what they have learned to support the Key Understanding with evidence.
People colonize and settle new lands for a variety of reasons, with
a variety of effects.
- Why did Europeans colonize and settle Texas?
- When, where, and why did the Spanish establish settlements and Catholic
missions in Texas?
- How did European colonization impact Texas History?
- What was life like in a Spanish mission?
EVALUATE –Mission life in Texas
Grade 04 Social Studies Unit 04 PI 02
Create a mural illustrating life in Texas missions. Write a summary of the impact of mission
life on the settlement of Texas, including both positive and negative effects they had on the
growth of Texas.
Standard(s): 4.2C , 4.12C , 4.21B , 4.21C
ELPS ELPS.c.5F
1. Distribute the Handout: Mission Mural Planning Guide and drawing paper.
2. Students use the information they have learned in the lesson and their
completed Handout: Spanish Settlement Notecard and completed
Handout: The Missions of San Antonio to plan their mural to include all
required elements.
3. On the drawing paper, students create a miniature mural illustrating life in
Texas missions.
4. Below the mural, students write a summary of the impact of mission life on the
settlement of Texas including both positive and negative effects.
Suggested Day 3 and 4 – 70 minutes
Materials
Completed Handout: Spanish Settlement
Notecard
Completed Handout: The Missions of San
Antonio
Drawing paper
Attachments:
Handout: Mission Mural Planning Guide
Instructional Note
A class planning session could be helpful in
helping students plan their murals.
Extension: post the miniature individual murals
together to form a large mural about Spanish
mission life.
5. Use a rubric to evaluate student work.
Last Updated 05/17/13
Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD
page 5 of 11 Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04 Lesson: 02
Spanish Settlement in Texas Notecard
Directions:
1. Use your textbook and other resources to gather information to answer the questions.
2. Then use the words in the Word Bank to answer the questions in complete sentences.
3. In the center of the Notecard, draw a visual to represent the information on this card.
WORD BANK: 1682, El Paso, East Texas, San Jose Mission, Christianity, settle, Spanish
When did Spain first establish territorial
claim in Texas?
Where were missions built in Texas?
Why did the Spanish
establish Catholic missions
in Texas?
©2012, TESCCC
What impact did these
missions have on Texas?
08/10/12
Page 1 of 1
In 1690, Alonso De Leon, Father
Massanet, a few priests, and 100
soldiers set out to colonize East
Texas. These missions failed
because of Indian attacks, failed
crops, and disease. They tried
again in 1716 to prevent the
French from building settlements.
These missions still struggled so
Spain decided to put their efforts
into the San Antonio missions.
Spanish Missions in Texas
Timeline
In 1682, Spain established their
first mission in Texas. It was
called Corpus Christi de la
Ysleta, near present-day El
Paso. The purpose of the
mission was to spread
Christianity to American Indian
tribes. The mission was a
success and more were
promised.
Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04 Lesson: 02
1690 – 1693, 1716 – 1717
East Texas Missions
1682 – 1830
El Paso Missions
1718 – 1731
San Antonio Missions
Land Claimed by
France
Mexico (Spain)
San Antonio and South Texas were good locations
for missions and presidios but they needed one
more element to make them successful - a
permanent settlement. In 1731, 15 families from
the Canary Islands came to Texas to establish the
town of San Antonio. These missions grew and
became very prosperous. There was now a
Spanish presence in west, east, and south Texas.
1700 – 1749
South Texas Missions
Gulf of Mexico
Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic].
Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/images/
©2013, TESCCC
05/16/13
page 1 of 1
The Missions of San Antonio
Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04 Lesson: 02
Read and analyze the following document and explain the political, economic, and social
characteristics of mission life in Texas.
Texas Missions
San Antonio was the home of many missions in Texas between
Political Characteristics: Who were the
the years of 1680-1793. Their main goals were to covert Indians
leaders? How did they structure their
to the Catholic religion and make them Spanish citizens.
government?
Missions in San Antonio were built like a fortress. There was a
stone wall that surrounded a plaza (open air public area). Along
the wall were private rooms, offices, and workshops for the
priests. At the main gate and each corner, there was a tower that
was equipped with guns and cannons.
Once the mission was built, planting began and irrigation ditches
were dug to water the fields. The granary (storehouse for grain)
was built next and then shelters for the Indians. The church was
the last to be built because of the time it took to make the items
for the church. The church was to be the most important and
beautiful building in the mission. Other areas were built for the
Indians and families of the soldiers that lived in the mission.
Economic Characteristics: How did
they make a living?
The government of the mission was based on the Spanish
system. Each mission was independent of one another but with
limited powers. A governor, captain, alcalde (mayor) and alguacil
(sheriff) made up the governing council. Native Americans who
were trusted by the mission leaders and had special abilities
represented the Indians living in the mission.
All missions had the problem of Indians running away. Soldiers
and priests had to bring them back. Some Indians returned
without force. They returned because of hunger and the threat of
being attacked by Apaches. Most of the Indians living in these
missions were of tribes that no longer existed.
Social Characteristics: How did people
live in a community?
Spain allowed the missions to stay open until the 1820s because
of their success at converting Indians to the Catholic religion.
Their success led to more Europeans and Anglos settling in
Texas.
Written by Tina Melcher adapted from: Guerra, Mary Ann Noonan. The
Missions of San Antonio. San Antonio: The Alamo Press,1982.
©2012, TESCCC
08/10/12
Page 1 of 1
Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04 Lesson: 02
José de Escandón
José de Escandón established several
settlements and was first governor of the colony of
Nuevo Santander, Mexico. This colony stretched from
the Pánuco River in Mexico to the Guadalupe River in
present-day Texas.
Escandón founded more than twenty towns and
settlements along the Rio Grande, including Laredo,
the largest and most successful permanent Spanish
settlement in Southwest Texas. He also founded
Hacienda de Nuestra Señora de los Dolores, a ranch
settlement where people lived and worked.
Born:
May 19, 1700
Soto la Marina,
Santander, Spain
Death:
September 10, 1770
Mexico City, Mexico
Occupation:
Colonizer/Governor
Family:
Married twice
7 children
In addition, he established a number of missions
in the colony. Some of the missions included Camargo,
Reynosa, Mier, and Revilla. A mission is a religious
settlement where people lived, worked, and learned
about Christianity.
Escandón is called the "father" of the lower Rio
Grande Valley.
Jose de escandon. Retrieved from http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fes01
.
Image Source: Texas Beyond History: Expedition and Settlement, Retrieved from http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/falcon/expedition.html
©2012, TESCCC
04/11/13
Page 1 of 1
Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04 Lesson: 02
Mission Mural Planning Guide
Impact of Mission Life on the Growth of Texas
Positive Effects
Negative Effects
1.
1.
2.
2.
Summary
The impact of mission life on the growth of Texas was
©2012, TESCCC
08/10/12
page 1 of 1
Grade 4
Social Studies
Unit: 04 Lesson: 02
Performance Indicator KEY
Suggested Key for P.I.
Mural
Political Characteristics
 Priest were in charge of
the mission.
 Led by a governing
system
 Spanish system of
government
 Indians were
represented.
 Spain allowed missions
to stay open until 1820.
Economic Characteristics
 Agriculture
 Farming and Ranching
Social Characteristics
 Mission was built like
fortress.
 The Church was the
most important building.
 Irrigation systems (could
be under economic char)
 Indians and their families
lived within mission.
©2012, TESCCC
SUMMARY
The impact of mission life on the
growth of Texas
Positive Effects
Negative
Effects
 Christianize
Indians
 Settled
Texas
 More people
came and
settled
Texas
 A place for
people to
live
 Indians ran
away.
 Far away
from other
settlements
 Attacks by
American
Indians
 Indian way
of life
diminished.
04/30/13
page 1 of 1