1.0
INTRODUCTION
Sarpanch, Gram Panchayat Darri, Tehsil-Dongargaon & District Rajnandgaon (C.G) is having
the lease of Sand (minor mineral) over an area of 6.069 Hectare at village Darri of TehsilDongargaon & District Rajnandgaon (C.G).
The area applied under mining lease falls under the survey of India Toposheet no. 64 G/4
and bounded by latitude of 200 57’ 07.4” to 200 57’ 22.9”& longitude 800 51’ 26.0” to 800 51’
51.9”. The area selected has a sufficient reserve of the Sand (minor).
The purpose of this Pre feasibility report is to assess the various types of environmental
features and baseline information present in the mine area and delineate an effective
environmental management plan that will reduce or minimize the adverse environmental
impact to a manageable level for the project.
The report is based on preliminary information about the project details, site conditions,
field visits, literature studies that are carried out. The details of the mine is that it covers an
area of 6.069 Hectare having khasra no. 01 at village- Darri, Tehsil-Dongargaon & District
Rajnandgaon (C.G). It is a non forest government land under bhu jal.
1.1
Nature and Size of Project
The proposed project is a manual opencast sand (minor) project and is classified as
“CATEGORY – B” by Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi as per new EIA
notification dated 14th September 2006.
1.2
Water Requirement
Water is required for mining operations/establishment mainly for sprinkling on haulage
roads and at faces for suppression of dust. Water is also required for washing and servicing
utilities for equipment. Water requirement for the proposed mining activity is about 4
m3/day.
1.3
Man Power Requirement
The mining establishment presents vast opportunities of employment to various posts and
under various cadres such as Management, Supervisory, skilled workmen and unskilled
workmen will be 46
1.4
Cost of the project
The capital cost for the project will be 5 lakhs including proposed lease area and machinery.
1.5
Importance to Country
Exploiting this sand deposit (minor mineral) is important for the country’s long term
economic growth and regional growth. By mining the deposit, the lesse acts as bridge the
gap between demand and supply of sand in the market and will provide country with
increased government earning and revenues transform the region’s economy from
predominantly agricultural to significantly industrial and accelerate the pace of regional
development of region. The project shall also provide additional revenue to State
Government and create direct and indirect employment opportunities, which will catalyze
overall growth of the State and improve the quality of life of the people living in the region.
1.6
Major points covered in the study
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The scope of study broadly includes:
To conduct literature review for collecting information relevant to the study area;
To identify various existing pollution loads in the study area.
To prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining the measures for
improving the environmental quality and scope for existing mine for environmentally
sustainable development.
The literature review includes identification of relevant articles from various
publications, collection of data from various government agencies and other sources.
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1.7
Existing topography, location of surface water bodies like ponds, canals and rivers;
Location of villages/towns/sensitive areas;
Accessibility, power availability and security of monitoring equipment; pollution pockets in the
area.
Areas which represent baseline information conditions.
The study also provides framework and institutional strengthening for implementing the
mitigation measures.
Climate
The climate of this region is moderate to extreme – intensely hot in summer and
moderately cold in winter. The temperature in summer goes up to 46°C. and in winter
comes down 7°C. The average rainfall is around 1200 mm to 1270 mm. (based on ten year
average) with maximum precipitation during monsoon months, commencing from mid
June to mid September. Wind direction varies in summer and winter seasons. It blows West
& South West directions in the summer season and mostly North East direction in the
winter season. Five years average (2002 – 2007) Wind speed recorded in the area is
maximum 27kms/hr in May months and minimum 2kms/hr in the October months.
2.0
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Table 2.1- Details of Project:
S.No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Particulars
Proposed Production
Lease Area
Expected Project cost
Method of mining
Water Requirement
Manpower Requirement
Forest if any
Details
85,000 tonnes per year
6.069 Hectare
5 Lakhs
Manual
4 KLD
46
Not in the existing lease area
(i) Topography:
The lease area is falling in the river bed River Shivnath on south-eastern bank. Sine, the sand area
falling in the riverbed, the general surface level of the lease area is comparatively lower than the
surroundings. The general surface level is around 302 mRL on the river bank. The drainage
direction is towards north-east and further northern direction.
The lease area has been surveyed on a scale of 1:2,000 with contour interval of one meter.
(ii) Local Geology:
River & Drainage - The lease area forms the river bed of Shivnath River which flows towards
northeast and further northern direction. A nala named Sukha nala which joins the River at
distance about 1.5 km on the northern direction.
Transportation of Sand - The sand is not a insitu materials but being carried out by flowing water
during the monsoon every year from various catchment areas in Rajnandgaon District and getting
accumulated at convenient locations like bends, escarpments etc. and as such the sand of the lease
area is a carried material brought from various locations and getting accumulated at convenient
places in the flow direction of the River. The size of the accumulated sand varies due to the time
factor taken by the river as well as the quantity of flow water. The depositions normally take place
on winding course (bends)/meanders/loops/circuitous journey (of a river) in flow direction.
The maximum width of River bed is about 200 m and maximum width of the mining area is about
110 m.
3.0
MINING: Mining Method
Maximum depth of removal of sand will be considered 5m from the surface level.
Outline briefly, year wise development and production for first five years including
precautions to be observed to prevent haphazard excavation of pit, scattering of
waste and sub-grade mineral and avoidable loss of mineral in ground.
The five years of the mining plan period will be 2014-15 to 2018-19.
The proposed method of mining was open-cast manual mining. The mining will be carried
out by manual labour and loaded into truck/tipper/dumper by manually. The mining of
sand will be carried out from the open by leaving 10 m from main stream and the depth of
working will be 10 m by making two benches of 1.5 m each to facilitate manual working.
The sand will be accumulated by labours in the convenient place and directly loaded into
truck/tipper/dumpers.
Since, there will not be pit formation, hence development of pit is not considered and sand
is deposited directly in every monsoon. As mentioned previously, lease area located within
the river bed and there will be continuous deposition in the area every year during
monsoon and sand will get refilled wherever mined out area during the year. So the mining
activity need not be properly lined out as seen the other mineral cases. In the case of sand
mining, the mined out areas will get refilled during monsoon and again mining can be
carried out in same location.
Due to above reason, a mining zone has been marked for five year production and mining
can be done in anywhere within the mining zone. The location of the zone is marked in year
wise development and production plan.
Since, mining will not be possible during rainy season; the working will be carried out only
about 8 months and working days considered as max. 240 days in a year.
No drilling and blasting is required, since the sand is a loose / semi-compact / incompact
formation. The production of sand has been proposed to about 85,000 tonnes (50,000 cum)
per annum.
Haulage and Transporting:
For transportation of loadable sand from lease area to consumers, mostly 10 tonner
dumpers/tippers will be utilized.
1
2
3
4
5
Production during a year
Excavation per day (taking 240 wkg days)
Dumper capacity
One dumper can carry (as safety measures)
Nos. of trips required per day (350 / 8 = 43.8)
ROM
85,000 T
345 T
10 T
8T
Say 45 trips
Note: Transportation of sand will be carried out by user; hence there is no requirement of truck,
tipper/dumper to the lessee.
RESERVES
The lease area is 60,690 sqm and the thickness of the sand bed is upto 5 m (Source: Information
given by District Collector), but proved thickness of sand bed has been estimated upto 3 m depth
and below this, further 2 m thickness has been considered as probable thickness.
The parameters considered for reserve estimation are as under:
a. The general surface level of the lease area is 302 mRL on the river bank.
b. Detailed geological mapping has been done on 1:2,000 scale.
c. The topographical mapping was carried out at 1 m contour intervals.
d. The process of accumulation of sand is a continuation process in every year during rainy
season in this area due to its location being an embankment.
e. The reserve has been estimated by area of influence method.
f. The proved thickness has been considered as 3 m and the resources has been comes under
Measured Mineral Resources (331).
g. The probable thickness has been considered as 3 m and the resources has been comes under
Indicated Mineral Resources (332).
h. The B.D. of sand (ordinary) has been considered as 1.7.
i. The lease area has been recently surveyed on dated 02/02/2014 on the scale of 1:2,000.
j. The reserve of river bed can be estimated by the available sand area in the total lease area and
multiplied by the average estimated thickness of sand bed observed by number of locations.
Total Mineral Resources area as under:
(i) Measured Mineral Resources (331) (Proved):
The lease area is 60,690 sq m and thickness of ordinary sand is considering 3 m from surface.
Hence, the estimation of total mineral resources is as under:
Sand bearing
area
(sqm)
60,690
Thickness of
sand bed
(m)
3
Volume
(cum)
B.D.
Tonnage
(T)
1,82,070
1.7
3,09,519
(ii) Indicated Mineral Resources (332) (Probable):
Further 2 m thickness has been considered for this category. Hence, the estimation of total mineral
resources is as under:
Sand bearing
area
(sqm)
60,690
Thickness of
sand bed
(m)
2
Volume
(cum)
B.D.
Tonnage
(T)
1,21,380
1.7
2,06,346
The estimation of blocked out resources:
The lease area is 10 m away from the river bank on the southern side of the Shivnath River and
about 10 m influence as safety barrier from the main stream will be left in the northern side, where
mining operation will restricted. Hence, 10 m influence area from the main stream line has been
considered as safety zone or non mining zone.
The estimation of blocked out resources is as under:
Area(sqm)
1,740
Thickness
(m)
3
Volume
(cum)
5,220
B.D. Reserve (T)
1.7
8,874
Thus, the reserve and resources of sand (ordinary) is as under:
Category
Under
G -1
Under
G -2
Measured Mineral Resources
Blocked out resources
Proved Mineral Reserve
Reserve
(Tonnes)
(cum)
3,09,519
1,82,070
8,874
5,220
3,00,645
1,76,850
Indicated Mineral Resources
2,06,346
1,21,380
Anticipated Life of the Mine:
On the basis of the Proved Mineral reserves (ordinary sand) of 3,00,645 tonnes (1,76,850 cum)
and by taking the proposed production rate of about 85,000 tonnes (50,000 cum) per year. Due to
continues sand deposition in the area during rainy season there will not be much depletion in the
reserve of sand, hence reserve is likely to be remain same every year and in future also.
3.2
Production
By virtue of the market demand intending to the regional and economical growth of the
region; the proposed production will be 85,000 tonnes per year.
All the operation will be carried out manually. All excavation will be executed manually
using simple instrument like chisels and hammers.
3.3
Utilization of Low grade Sand
Sand is useful in building & construction material in the surrounding areas for the
improvement in social & regional development.
3.4
Stacking of Mineral Rejects & disposal of waste:
Nature of waste:
There is no economic sub grade mineral is found. No sub grade mineral will be produced.
The sand (low grade) is saleable.
4.0
4.1
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE
Introduction
It is necessary that one should try to find various alternatives and what is environmentally
best being preferred. There can be many points for which alternatives must be found. This
is attempted here, irrespective of whether scoping has asked so or not. This is done
voluntarily and submitted herein below.
4.2
Alternatives:
A number of decisions are required to be taken and for each step. Selection is thus all the
more critical in an industrial development where time, economic cost, environment and
natural resources are at stake..
4.3
Site alternatives:
The sand mine is located at Darri, Tehsil-Dongargaon & District is Rajnandgaon in
Chhattisgarh State.
 The site is well approachable
 No endangered species are found in the proposed site.
 Easy availability of manpower in nearby villages.
On this examination, the present site was selected for the proposed lease area. The site
indeed has served the purpose well resulting in minimal impact on environment.
4.4
Technology Alternatives
Sand is surface deposit, so collection of underground mining cannot be contemplated.
Mining will be done manually and open cast. The technology of opencast mining has been
developed over the years, and refined indigenously. Moreover, at present, this technology is
widely used for sand mining.
4.5
NO-PROJECT’ Option:
In this option, it is required to be considered as to whether it is more advantageous to the
region. With the increase of Infrastructures, modernization of cities expansion of roads and
connecting cities around the region with easy transportation and mobilization, the demand
of low grade sand for the regional growth.
The economic growth of the area in terms of employment generation, consumption
behavior and market growth are expected outcome of the project. It is assumed that the
generation of indirect employment would be multiple of direct employment.
The significant positive impact on employment and occupation is envisaged on account of
 Better economic status of the community due to better earnings.
 Higher inputs towards infrastructural facilities due to mines.
 To be mindful of its social and moral responsibilities to consumers, employees,
shareholders, society and local community.
5.0
SOCIO ECONOMIC MEASURES
Due to the proposed Mines, there is a positive impact by way of employment, education,
better socioeconomic conditions, improved local and regional economy, etc.
 Rural / Village & community welfare – development of sheds, road repairs etc.
 Sanitation & drinking water – provision and repair of bore wells and sanitation
The project proponent shall earmark funds for social development and welfare measures in
the surrounding villages. These measures shall include funding for:
1) Repair and improvement of community centers, building etc.
2) Rainwater harvesting measures.
3) Drinking water availability efforts.
5.1
Voluntary Submission:
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6.0
Project Proponent should do following:
To keep transparent relations with the neighbours in the area
To strengthen the Gram Panchayat democratic set up, by paying taxes.
Not to disturb any prime agricultural land.
Not to encroach on others’ existing water source.
Not to overload the existing power supply, causing power cuts to the villagers.
To prevent wasting of rainwater.
To recharge the groundwater.
To strengthen the physical infrastructure.
To create greenery within the lease premises and develop green belt around the mine lease
area.
Plantation program outside to some Extent in villages.
PROJECT BENEFITS
The economic growth of the area in terms of employment generation, consumption
behavior and market growth are expected outcome of the project.
It is assumed that the generation of indirect employment would be multiple of direct
employment. The significant positive impact on employment and occupation is envisaged
on account of
 Better economic status of the community due to better earnings.
 To be mindful of its social and moral responsibilities to consumers, employees,
shareholders, society and local community.
The proposal will ensure the continuous sand (minor) supply for the building and
construction materials in the surrounding areas for the improvement in social & regional
development.
7.0
SITE SERVICES
Statutory Requirement:
The following site services will be provided close to the mine in private premises:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(e)
8.0
Rest Shelters
Drinking Water
Urinals and Latrines
First aid room
CONCLUSION
In any human activity there are always possibilities of finding various options. Project
proponent has decided to examine and adopt one such option that will be both
environment friendly and best suited for Sand Production. Various alternatives in terms of
site, technology, and equipment are considered. A final selection is thus arrived.
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The Proposal does not require further Infrastructure Facilities other than few Mining
Machineries.
The Project is viable and has minimal environmental Impact.
The Proposal is for the environment clearance of the Existing Mine.