Global Security
Challenges in the 21st
Century
Implications for the Euro-Atlantic
Security Architecture
Content
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Concepts of cooperation and alliances
Collective security/collective defense
New concept in new strategic environment
Cooperative security and new models
Conclusions
Colective Security and Colective
Defense
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Concept of co-operation and alliances (in
peace and in war) has been a common feature
in history
Collecitve Security and collective Defense are
inventions of the last century
Concepts imply a long-term, formal
commitment between groups of states to
protect the security interests of individual
members within their common framework
Collective Security
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Looks inward to attempt to ensure security
within a group of sovereign states
League of Nations after World War I
United Nations after World War II.
During the 1970s the Conference on Cooperation and Security in Europe (OSCE
today)
Collective Defense
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Looks outward to defend its members from external
aggresion
Product of Cold War
NATO, WEU, CENTO (Central Treaty
Organization), SEATO (South East Asia Treaty
Organization) and Warsaw Pact
Collective Defense commits all nations, bound by
treaty, to come to each other’s defense in the event
any member is threatened or actually subjected to
military attack by a state or states outside the treaty
area
New security environment
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After Cold War new international order
emerged
Less probability for military attacks
Promotion of co-operation between former
adversaries
Moving towards basic common interests in
security area and new concept emerged:
Cooperative Security
Cooperative Security
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Looks both ways: inward and outward
Incorporate two new dimension not covered
before: individual security and active
promotion and projection of stability
Individual security stands at the center of
international security system built around
liberal democratic values
Globalization of concern
Promoting Stability
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Active promotion of stability in areas were violence
occured (war or mass violations of individual security
within neigboring states)
Stability, development, institutions building, security
sector reform etc.
International responsibility for security and stability
International assistance in building stability and
security
Common threats
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Threats to Euro-Atlantic area are increasingly
transnational:
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Terrorism
Organised crime
Illegal traficking
Illegal migration
Epidemic diseases
Environmental catastrophes, etc.
NATO Model
NRF
Fight aginst
Terrorism
Other Initiatives
NATO-Russia
Building
Integrity
PfP
NATO-Ukraine
Individual
Security
MAP
EAPC
Adriatic
Charter
Crisis
Management
Mediterranean
Dialogue
WMD Initiative
Crisis Response
Istambul Cooperation
Initiative
Enlargement
Attributes of a Transforming NATO Force
Deconflict
Services &
Cultures
Land
Forces
SOF
Air
Forces
Maritime
Forces
Deconflicting
Stitch Nation
Seams
Land
Forces
SOF
Air
Forces
Maritime
Forces
Coordinating
Integrate
NATO
RESPONSE
FORCE
Capabilities
Land
Forces
SOF
Effects-Based,
Collaborative,
Network Enabled
and Interdependent
Air
Forces
Maritime
Forces
Integrating
Coherence
The Military Future of NATO
Transformed Capabilities for the 21st Century
20th Century
21st Century
Static
Reactive
Regional
Mass
Attrition
Deconfliction
Supply Point Logistics
Agile
Proactive
Global
Effect
Precision
Coherence
Integrated-Distribution
Based Logistics
NATO Fused Intelligence
National Intelligence
EU Security Strategy
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“Secure Europe in Better World” – 2003.
Three strategic goals:
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Promoting and building stability and prosperity in
close neighbourhood
Building international order based on
multilateralism
Fight against all threats
EU Model
Other Initiatives
EUBG
RRF
Fight aginst
Terrorism
EU Int. Missions
Stability Pact
for SEE
Enlargement
Individual
Security
EU Neighbouring
Policy
Stabilisation
and Accesion
Process
Partnership and
Cooperation
Crisis Response
Euro-Mediterranen
Partnership
OSCE mission
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Priorities
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To consolidate the participating State’s common values and
help in building fully democratic civil societies based on
the rule of law
To prevent local conflicts, restore stability and bring peace
to war torn areas
To overcome real and perceived security deficits and to
avoid the creation of new political, economic, or social
divisions by promoting a co-operative system of security
OSCE Model
Arms Control Regimes
Other Initiatives
Consensus
based
organisation
Consolidate
Common values
Individual
Security
Code of
Conduct
Charter on
European Security
Crisis Response
Prevent local
conflict
Restore stability
and bring peace
Avoid new divisions
Of Europe
NATO/EU/OSCE/PfP/Mediterranen
Dialogue Countries
Conclusions
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Countries share a common values
Perceptions of common threats
Cooperation offers the best possible means of
achieving national interests through promoting
common values and interest
Building new security communities – building
new networks
Multilateral approaches