Exodus 30: 1-10--The Altar of Incense
We'll be translating the 'prescriptive section'; the 'descriptive section is Ex. 37:25-29.
30:1
‫ית‬
ָ ‫וְ ָע ִׂ֥ש‬: ְ‫ ו‬particle conjunction ‫ עשה‬verb qal waw consec perfect 2nd person masculine singular
homonym 1
BDB 7468
‫[ ָע ָשה‬7469] (Hebrew) (page 793) (Strong 6213)
I. ‫ ָע ָשה‬:2622 vb. do, make
‫ ְק ֹ֑ט ֶרת‬: ‫ ְקט ֶרת‬noun common feminine singular absolute
BDB 8527
‫[ ְק ֹ֫ט ֶרת‬8528] (Hebrew) (page 882) (Strong 7004)
‫ ְק ֹ֫ט ֶרת‬:60 n.f. smoke, odour of (burning) sacrifice, incense;
30:2
‫ ָר ֣בּוע‬: ‫ רבע‬verb qal pass participle masculine singular absolute homonym 2
BDB 8873
‫[ ְרבע‬8874] (Hebrew) (page 917) (Strong 7251)
† [‫ ] ְרבע‬vb. denom., only Pt. pass. squared, square;— Qal Pt. pass. ‫ ָרבּוע‬square, of altar Ex 27:1,
30:2, 37:25, 38:1, cf. Ez 43:16; breastplate 30:2, 39:9; pl.
‫ ְר ֻבעים‬, of doorways, etc. [on text v. Kit Benz] 1
K 7:5; fs. ‫ ְר ֻב ָעה‬as subst. = a square Ez 41:21 (acc. Co Toy, om. ‫ ְמזּוות‬, and joining ‫ר׳‬: to v:20; Krae
reads ‫ְר ֻבעת‬
‫ ְמזּוות‬, cf. 1 K 6:33, ְ‫ ְרביי‬2.).
‫ ק ְרנ ָ ָֽתיו‬: ‫ ֶק ֶרן‬noun common feminine plural construct suffix 3rd person masculine singular
BDB 8741
‫[ ֶ ֹ֫ק ֶרן‬8742] (Hebrew) (page 901) (Strong 7161)
‫ ֶ ֹ֫ק ֶרן‬:75 n.f.:Je 48:25 horn;—abs. ‫ק׳‬: Is 5:1 +, ‫ ָ ֹ֑ק ֶרן‬Psalm 75:5; cstr. ‫ ֶ ֹ֫ק ֶרן‬Jos 6:5 +; sf. ‫ ק ְרני‬1 S 2:1,
Psalm 92:11, etc.; du. ‫ ק ְרנים‬Hb 3:4, ‫ ְק ָרנים‬Dn 8:3, 8:6, ‫ ָֹ֑נים‬- v:3, v:20; cstr. ‫ ק ְרנֵי‬1 K 22:11 +, sf. ‫ק ְרנָ יו‬
Gn 22:13, Dt 33:17,
‫ ְק ָרנָ יו‬Dn 8:7, ‫נֵיכם‬
ֶ ‫ ק ְר‬Ez 34:21; pl. (usu. In der. senses) ‫ ְק ָרנֹות‬Ez 43:15 +; cstr.
‫ ק ְרנת‬Ex 29:12 +, sf. ‫ ק ְרנ ָתיו‬27:2 +, etc.;—horn: †
1. a. of ram (‫ )איל‬Gn 22:13, so in Daniel’s vision Dn 8:3, 8:3, 8:6, 8:7, 8:20, and (of goat) v:5, v:8, v:9,
v:21; of oppressors in Isr. (under fig. of rams) Ez 34:21, so of nations Zc 2:2, 2:4, 2:4, 2:4; of
33:17, Psalm 22:22 (both fig., cf. 92:11); of Zion under fig. of threshing-ox Mi 4:13; ‫ב ְרזֶ ל‬
‫ ְר ֵאם‬Dt
‫ק׳‬: 1 K 22:11 =
2 Ch 18:10 (symbol.); seen in Zech.’s vision Zc 2:1. b. used as oil-flask 1 S 16:1, 16:13, 1 K 1:39 (cf.
‫ֶק ֶרן‬
‫ הּפּוח‬infr.). c. ‫ּיֹובל‬
ֵ ‫ק׳ ה‬:, as wind-instr. Jos 6:5 (cf. ‫ׁשֹופר‬
ָ ). d. ‫ ק ְרנֹות ֵׁשן‬Ez 27:15 (from curved shape of
tusks). † 2. fig., of pers., symbol of strength Dt 33:17,
‫ק׳ י ְׁשעי‬: 2 S 22:3 = Psalm 18:3 (of ‫י׳‬: as deliverer);
others sub 3 or 4; esp. as lifted up (‫רום‬, as of a lordly animal, cf. Dr:1 S 2:1), denoting increase of might,
dignity 1 S 2:1, 2:10, La 2:17, Psalm 75:11, 89:18, 89:25, 92:11, 112:9, so perh. 1 Ch 25:5 (v. Kau; > Be
blow loudly [cf. 1 c]), + ‫ ְלעּמֹו‬Psalm 148:14 (subj. ‫י׳‬:); also haughtiness, arrogance 75:5, 75:6; opp.
‫גָ דע‬
‫ק׳‬: hew off horns, i.e. reduce, humiliate, La 2:3, Psalm 75:11, pass. Je 48:25, so ‫ וְ על ְלתי ֶב ָע ָפר ק ְרני‬Jb
16:15; ‫יש׳‬
but ‫ְל ָדוד‬
‫ ְל ֵבית‬:‫א ְצמיה ק׳‬: Ez 29:21 is appar. of restoration of might (as Psalm 148:14 supr., c. ‫)וּיָ ֶרם‬,
‫ ק׳‬:‫אצ׳‬: Psalm 132:17 of raising up individual ruler of Davidic line. 3. of altar, horn-like
projections at corners (26 t.), Am 3:14, Je 17:1, Ez 43:15, 43:20, Psalm 118:27, Ex 27:22 + 8t. Ex, Lv 4:7,
4:18 + 6 t. Lv (all P); as sanctuary, refuge 1 K 1:50, 1:51, 2:28. † 4. hill (so in Ar., peak, isolated hill, cf.
Ges) Is 5:1. † 5. ‫לֹו‬
‫ ק ְרנים מּיָ דֹו‬Hb 3:4 rays at his side(s) had he (of lightning-flashes in theoph., cf. Now
Da).—Am 6:13 v. ‫ ק ְדנים‬n.pr.loc. Note: So why am I giving every possible meaning? Because the
horns carry immense symbolism, only some of it we understand.
30:3
‫ית‬
ָָ֙ ‫וְ צּפ‬:
particle conjunction
‫ צפה‬verb piel waw consec perfect 2nd person masculine singular
homonym 2
BDB 8282
‫[ ָצ ָפה‬8283] (Hebrew) (page 860) (Strong 6823)
II. [‫] ָצ ָפה‬:47 vb. lay out, lay over (NHPi.= BH);—Qal Inf. abs. ‫ָצפה‬
the like, so most moderns, v.
‫ ה ָצפית‬Is 21:5 they lay out the rug! or
‫ ָצפית‬Pi. overlay, plate:
‫ גגּ֧ ֹו‬: ‫ ֵאת‬particle direct object marker homonym 1 ‫ גָ ג‬noun common masculine singular construct suffix
3rd person masculine singular
BDB 1629
‫[ גָ ג‬1630] (Hebrew) (page 150) (Strong 1406)
†‫ גָ ג‬n.m. roof, top
‫קיר ָ ָ֛תיו‬: ְ‫ ו‬particle conjunction ‫ ֵאת‬particle direct object marker homonym 1 ‫ קיר‬noun common
masculine plural construct suffix 3rd person masculine singular homonym 1
BDB 8558
‫[ קיר‬8559] (Hebrew) (page 885) (Strong 7023,7024)
I. ‫ קיר‬n.m. Psalm 62:4 wall (ð unknown);—abs. ‫ק׳‬: Nu 22:25 +,
‫קר‬Is 22:5; cstr. ‫ קיר‬1 K 6:5 +; pl.
‫ קירֹות‬1 K 6:16 +, cstr. id., v:5 +; sf. ‫ קיר ָתיו‬Ex 30:3 +, etc.;—wall, esp. as flat surface: 1. usu. of house
or chamber: a. inner surface, Am 5:19, 1 S 18:11 + 9 t., + (of temple) 1 K 6:15 a + v:15 b (but rd.
beams, with LXX The Kit Benz), v:16, v:27, v:27 + 6 t. † b. outer surface,
‫ ֵזִׂ֥ר‬: ‫ זֵ ר‬noun common masculine singular absolute
BDB 2588
‫[ זֵ ר‬2589] (Hebrew) (page 267) (Strong 2213)
‫קֹורֹות‬
† ‫ זֵ ר‬n.m. circlet, border (orig. that which presses, binds, cf. also Aram. ziyroÀ bracelet, ‫ירא‬
ָ ‫ ז‬wreath,
crown, NH ‫ זיר‬id., ‫ירה‬
ָ ‫ ז‬ring, wrestler's ring; others fr. a ð ‫זֵ ָהב—)זרר‬
‫ זֵ ר‬Ex 25:11, 25:24, 25:25, 30:3,
37:2, 37:11, 37:12, 37:26; ‫ זֵ רֹו‬Ex 30:4, 37:27 (all P). Note: This relatively obscure word popped up in
the last passage. By now, you've probably noticed parallel vocabulary for some features of bothe
Ark and the altar.
30:4
‫מ ֣תחת‬: ‫ מן‬particle preposition ‫ תחת‬particle preposition homonym 1
BDB 10491
‫[ תחת‬10492] (Hebrew) (page 1065) (Strong 8478)
‫ תחת‬n.[m.] the under part (Ar. tahÍtun id.), hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead
of
‫ צ ְלע ָָ֔תיו‬: ‫ ֵצ ָלע‬noun common feminine plural construct suffix 3rd person masculine singular homonym 1
BDB 8185
‫[ ֵצ ָלע‬8186] (Hebrew) (page 854) (Strong 6763)
‫ ֵצ ָלע‬:41 n.f. (m. 1 K 6:34, and appar. Ex 26:26) rib, side;—abs. ‫צ׳‬Gn 2:22 +, cstr. ‫ ֶֹ֫צלע‬Ex 26:26 +, also
‫ ֵֹ֫צלע‬2 S 16:13; sf. ‫צ ְלעֹו‬Ex 25:12 +; pl. ‫ ְצ ָלעים‬1 K 6:34, ‫ ְצ ָלעֹות‬v:3 +; cstr. ‫ צ ְלעת‬Ez 41:26 +; sf.
‫ צ ְלע ָתיו‬Gn 2:21 +; —1. rib of man Gn 2:21, 2:22 (J). 2. rib of hill, i.e. ridge, or terrace 2 S 16:13. 3. sidechambers or cells (enclosing temple like ribs) 1 K 6:5, 6:6 (rd. ‫ הצ׳‬for ‫היצוע‬, v. [‫)]יָ ציע‬, 7:3, so of Ezek.'s
temple Ez 41:5 + 10 t. 41 (on text v. Co Toy Krae). 4. ribs of cedar and fir, i.e. planks, boards (pl.), of
temple wall 1 K 6:15, 6:16 floor v:15. 5. leaves of door v:34. 6. (in P) side, of ark (‫ ) ֶארֹון‬Ex 25:12, 25:12,
25:14 = 37:3, 37:3, 37:5; of tabern. (‫ )מ ְׁש ָכן‬26:20 (|| ‫ ֵּפ ָאה‬v:18), v:26, v:27, v:27 = 36:25 (|| ‫ פ׳‬v:23), v:31,
v:32, 26:35, 26:35; of altar 27:7 = 38:7, 30:4 = 37:27.—Je 20:10, Jb 18:12 v. ‫ ֶצלע‬sub II. ‫צלע‬.
‫ צ ָ ֹ֑דיו‬: ‫ צד‬noun common masculine plural construct suffix 3rd person masculine singular
BDB 8014
‫[ צד‬8015] (Hebrew) (page 841) (Strong 6654)
†‫ צד‬n.m.:Ex 25:32 side;
‫ ְל ָב ֣תים‬: ‫ ְל‬particle preposition ‫ בית‬noun common masculine plural absolute homonym 1
BDB 1158
‫[ ֹ֫בית‬1159] (Hebrew) (page 109) (Strong 1004)
‫ ֹ֫בית‬:2034 n.m.:Dt 8:12 house ; Instead of 'for houses', the idea is more like 'for housings'.
‫ ְלב ָ֔דים‬: ‫ ְל‬particle preposition ‫ בד‬noun common masculine plural absolute homonym 2
BDB 1020
be.
‫ † ;בד‬2. concr. part Ex 30:34 (P) ‫ בד ְבבד י ְהיֶה‬part for (i.e. like; cf. ‫ ְב‬III. 3. end) part shall it
† 3. ‫ בדים‬parts, spec. extended from something, i.e. (a) of a body, members, limbs Jb 18:13 (of man),
41:4 (of crocodile);
‫ ָב ֵ ָֽה ָּמה‬: BDB 2427 ‫[ ֵֹ֫ה ָּמה‬2428] (Hebrew) (page 241) (Strong 1992,2004,3860-61)
† ‫ ֵֹ֫ה ָּמה‬and ‫( ֵהם‬without appreciable distinction in usage, except prob. in so far as the longer or shorter
from was better adapted to the rhythm of particular sentences: on the whole
more freq. than ‫ ֵהם‬, ‫ ָה ֵהם‬on the contrary is said regularly,
14:15, Zc 14:15, and in the phr.
Ne 13:15, though
‫( ֵה ָּמה‬alone) is somewhat
‫ ָה ֵה ָּמה‬occurring only 12 t., viz. Nu 9:7 (P), Je
‫ ב)ה( ָה ֵה ָּמה ָמים‬2 K 18:4, Je 3:16, 3:18, 5:18; 50:4, Jo 3:2, 4:1, Zc 8:23,
‫ בּיָמים ָה ֵהם‬is much more common)
30:6
‫וְ נָ ת ָ ָּ֤תה‬: ְ‫ ו‬particle conjunction ‫ נתן‬verb qal waw consec perfect 2nd person masculine singular
BDB 6394
‫[ נָ תן‬6395] (Hebrew) (page 678) (Strong 5414)
‫נָ תן‬:2007 vb. give, put, set
‫ה ָּפ ָ֔ר ֶכת‬: ‫ ה‬particle article ‫ ָּפר ֶכת‬noun common feminine singular absolute
BDB 7854
‫[ ָּפ ֹ֫ר ֶכת‬7855] (Hebrew) (page 827) (Strong 6532)
‫ ָּפ ֹ֫ר ֶכת‬:25 n.f. curtain, before Most Holy Place, in tabern. (P) (prop. that which habitually shuts off, i.e.
*parrâku (Lag:BN 88) Kö:ii. 1, 201);—
Nu 4:5, ‫הק ֶדׁש‬
‫פ׳‬abs. Ex 26:31 + 17 t. P; cstr. ‫ פ׳ ה ָּמ ָֹ֑סח‬Ex 35:12, 39:34, 40:21,
‫ פ׳‬Lv 4:6, ‫ פ׳ ָה ֵעדּות‬24:3; in temple 2 Ch 3:14.
‫ אּוָ ֵ ִׂ֥עד‬: ‫ יעד‬verb niphal imperfect 1st person common singular
BDB 4004
‫[ יָ עד‬4005] (Hebrew) (page 416) (Strong 3259)
† ‫ יָ עד‬vb. appoint (NH id., appoint, assign, esp. of acquiring or designating as wife; Aram. id.; Ar. waÁada
promise, threaten, predict, III. appoint a time or place; perh. As. aÒdu, decide, M-A:17 Dl:HWB 230; Ph. n.
pr. ‫—)אשמניעד‬Qal Pf. sf. ‫ יְ ָעדֹו‬2 S 20:5; ‫ יְ ָע ָדּה‬Ex 21:8 + 2 t.; Impf. 3 m. sf. ‫יע ֶדנָ ה‬
ָ ‫ י‬Ex 21:9; —appoint,
a time 2 S 20:5; place Je 47:7; a rod Mi 6:9; assign or designate as concubine Ex 21:8, 21:9 (JE). Niph.
Pf. ‫ נֹוע ְדתי‬Ex 25:22; ‫ נע ְדתי‬Ex 29:43; pl. ‫נֹועדּו‬
ֲ Psalm 48:5, Nu 10:3, 10:4; ‫נֹועדּו‬
ָֹ֑ Am 3:3; Impf. ‫אּוָ ֵעד‬
Ex 29:42 + 3 t.; 3 pl.
‫וּיּוָ ֲעדּו‬Jos 11:5, Jb 2:11; 1 pl. ‫ נּוָ ֵעד‬Ne 6:10; ‫ וְ נּוָ ֲע ָדה‬v:2; Pt. pl. ‫נֹועדים‬
ָ Nu 14:35 +
3 t.; ‫ נ ָעדים‬16:11; —1. reflexive, meet at an appointed place, with ‫ ְל‬, of Yahweh meeting Moses at the
Tent of ‘Meeting’ Ex 29:42, 29:43, 30:36 (P); at the throne of the Kapporeth 25:22, 30:6, Nu 17:19 (P).
30:7
‫וְ ה ְק ִׂ֥טיר‬: ְ‫ ו‬particle conjunction ‫ קטר‬verb hiphil waw consec perfect 3rd person masculine singular
BDB 8528
‫[ ָקטר‬8529] (Hebrew) (page 882) (Strong 6999)
† [‫] ָקטר‬:115 vb. denom. Pi. Hiph. make sacrifices smoke, send them up in smoke, burn incense
‫ ְב ֵהיט ָ֛יבֹו‬: ‫ ְב‬particle preposition ‫ יטב‬verb hiphil infinitive construct suffix 3rd person masculine singular
BDB 3917
‫[ יָ טב‬3918] (Hebrew) (page 405) (Strong 3190,2895)
† [‫ ]יָ טב‬vb. be good, well, glad, pleasing; Hiph: make, do good; prepares
‫ירנָ ה׃‬
ָֽ ֶ ‫י ְקט‬: ‫ קטר‬verb hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular suffix 3rd person feminine singular
energic nun
BDB 8528
‫[ ָקטר‬8529] (Hebrew) (page 882) (Strong 6999)
† [‫] ָקטר‬:115 vb. denom. Pi. Hiph. make sacrifices smoke, send them up in smoke
30:8
‫ּובה ֲע ָ֙לת‬
ְ : ְ‫ ו‬particle conjunction ‫ ְב‬particle preposition ‫ עלה‬verb hiphil infinitive construct
BDB 7083
‫[ ָע ָלה‬7084] (Hebrew) (page 748) (Strong 5927)
‫ ָע ָלה‬:890 vb. go up, ascend, climb ; Hiph: raise, bring up
30:9
‫ ת ֲעלִׂ֥ ּו‬: ‫ לא‬particle negative ‫ עלה‬verb hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural
BDB 7083
‫[ ָע ָלה‬7084] (Hebrew) (page 748) (Strong 5927)
098:‫ ָע ָלה‬vb. go up, ascend, climb; Hiph: raise, bring up
‫ זָ ָ ָ֖רה‬: ‫ זָ ר‬adjective feminine singular absolute
BDB 2584
‫[ זּור‬2585] (Hebrew) (page 266) (Strong 2114)
†I. [‫ ]זּור‬vb. be a stranger (Ar. zaÀra (med. w) incline toward, repair to, visit; II. honour as visitor or guest;
IX. decline, turn aside; zaÀyirun visitor; Aram. ‫זּור‬, oft. = Heb. ‫ סּור‬turn aside, turn aside to visit)—Qal Pf. 3
pl.
‫ז ֹ֫רּו‬Psalm 58:4 (Kö:i. 445), ‫ ָֹ֫זרּו‬Psalm 78:30, Jb 19:13; Pt. ‫ זָ ר‬Ex 30:33 + 27 t.; f. ‫ זָ ָרה‬Ex 30:9 + 7 t.;
mpl. ‫ זָ רים‬Ho 5:7 + 30 t.; fpl. ‫ זָ רֹות‬Pr 22:14, 23:33; = sf. ‫ זָ ָ ֹ֑ריח‬Is 29:5; 1. Pf. become estranged Psalm
58:4, c.
‫מן‬from Jb 19:13, Psalm 78:30. 2. Pt. as adj. strange, or as noun stranger: Note: This becomes
an important legal term in the Talmud, as in the tractate Avodah Zarah.
‫ וְ ֵ֕ ֵנ ֶסְך‬: ְ‫ ו‬particle conjunction ‫ נֶ ֶסְך‬noun common masculine singular absolute homonym 1
BDB 6165
‫[ ֹ֫ ֶנ ֶסְך‬6166] (Hebrew) (page 651) (Strong 5262)
† ‫ ֹ֫ ֶנ ֶסְך‬n. m. drink-offering;
‫ ת ְס ָ֖כּו‬: ‫ נסך‬verb qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural homonym 1
BDB 6164
‫[ נָ סְך‬6165] (Hebrew) (page 650) (Strong 5258)
†I. ‫ נָ סְך‬vb. pour out (NH id., pour, cast (metals, Pi. make libation; Ph. ‫ נסך‬cast gold or iron Lzb:323 f.;
same root as word above
30:10
‫ מ ַּ֞דם‬: ‫ מ‬particle preposition ‫ ָדם‬noun common masculine singular construct
BDB 2156
‫[ ָדם‬2157] (Hebrew) (page 196) (Strong 1818)
† ‫ ָדם‬:360 n.m.:Gn 9:6 blood