The Nature of Matter
Before we can start talking about chemistry, we must first recall some concepts from electricity
Subatomic Particles
What are the 3 subatomic particles?
Label the following diagram
Which part of the atom can move between atoms?
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TThe Particle Theory of Matter
small
1. All matter is made up of extremely ___________
particles
2. Each pure substance has its own kind of particles, ____________ from particles of other pure different
substances
3. Particles ___________ each other
attract
motion
4. Particles are always in ___________
faster
5. Particles at a higher temperature move __________
lower
on average than particles at a __________ temperature
Classification of Matter
Matter is any substance which has both mass and volume. All substances consist of matter! Matter can be classified according to its properties.
One way to classify matter can be based on its particle composition.
Diagram
Matter
"everything with mass and volume"
one type of particle
one type of atom
more then one type of particle
more then one type of atom
see one part
see more then one part
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All matter can be divided into one of two groups: pure substances and mixtures. A pure substance has __________ type of particle while a mixture has _________________ type of particle.
Pure Substances
In a pure substance, all of the particles are _________________
Pure Substances can either be elements or compounds. It is hard to tell by looking at something if it is an element or compound, unless you see the _________________.
Elements
­ Contain only one kind of atom
­ The chemical formula for an element only has one symbol from the _________________
Ex.
sulfur­ chemical symbol _______
nickel­ chemical symbol _______
calcium­ chemical symbol _____
Compounds
­ Contain more then one kind of atom
­ The chemical formula for a compound has more then one symbol from the _________________
Ex.
salt­ chemical formula ______
water­ chemical formula _______
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Mixtures
In a mixture, there is more then one type of ______________.
Mixtures can either be ___________________ or __________. It is easy to tell the difference between the two types of mixtures because they look different.
Solutions
­ Contain more then one type of _____________
­ Can only see ________ part (ie. you can't tell there is more then one part mixed together)
Ex.
salt water
­ salt particles mixed with water particles
Gatorade
­ sugar, fruit juices and other ingredients mixed with water
Mechanical Mixtures
­ Contain more then one type of _____________
­ Can see _________ then one part (ie. you can tell there is more then one part mixed together)
Ex.
soil
­ decaying matter, sand, small pieces of rock and other materials all mixed together
­ you can see the different parts
ice cream
­ cherries and ice cream mixed together
­ you can see the different parts
Sample Problems
Classify the following as either an element, compound, solution or mixture
a. salad dressing _____
b. carbon dioxide (CO2)_____
c. sugar dissolved in water _____
d. koolaid ____
e. pure oxygen gas (O2) ______
f. vegetable oil _______
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SNC 1P­ Classifying Matter Worksheet
1.
Identify whether each of the following is an element (E), compound (C), solution (S) or mechanical mixture (MM).
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
potassium (chemical formula­ K) ______
fruit punch _____
milk ____
carbon monoxide (chemical formula­ CO) _____
pizza _____
salad dressing _____
nitrogen (chemical formula­ N) _____
potassium chloride (chemical formula­ KCl) _____
2.
Identify whether each of the following is element (E), compound (C), solution (S) or mechanical mixture (MM) and explain your reasoning like in the example below.
a)
salt water­ S
Salt water is a solution because it has more then one type of particle (salt particles and water particles) but you can only see one part.
b)
water (chemical formula­ H2O) _____
c)
hydrogen (chemical formula­ H) _____
d)
ginger ale _____
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