Major technological advances
responsible of the raising of
EU mariculture
The example of the sea bass
Dicentrarchus labrax
World – Europe - France
PRODUCTION TRENDS
World
Fisheries &
aquaculture = 100Mt
Aquaculture= 65Mt
Total world capture fisheries & aquaculture
1950-2006 (Mt)
FAO, 2008
World
Fisheries &
aquaculture = 100Mt
Aquaculture= 65Mt
Fish = 49%
Marine = 48%
World capture fisheries & aquaculture
(volume) - 2007
By major group species
By environnement
FAO, 2008
World
Fisheries &
aquaculture = 100Mt
Aquaculture= 65Mt
Fish = 49%
Marine = 48%
Fish aquaculture =
42 billions €
World aquaculture production
by major group species (Billion €) - 1984-2007
FAO, 2008
World
Fisheries &
aquaculture = 100Mt
Aquaculture= 65Mt
Fish = 49%
Marine = 48%
Fish aquaculture =
42 billions €
European seabass: aquaculture and capture
fisheries production (tons) - 1980-2006
Mediterranean
Seabass aquaculture
= 130,000t
(fisheries <5,000t)
FAO, 2008
World
Fisheries &
aquaculture = 100Mt
Aquaculture= 65Mt
Fish = 49%
Marine = 48%
Fish aquaculture =
42 billions €
European seabass: juvenile production & price
(million & €) - 2003 - 2007
Mediterranean
Seabass aquaculture
= 130,000t
(fisheries <5,000t)
Europe
Husbandry=500M fry
0.20€/unit >2005
FAO, 2008
World
Fisheries &
aquaculture = 100Mt
Aquaculture= 65Mt
Fish = 49%
Marine = 48%
Fish aquaculture =
42 billions €
European hatcheries:
number & size category - 2009
Mediterranean
Seabass aquaculture
= 130,000t
(fisheries <5,000t)
Europe
Husbandry=500M fry
0.20€/unit >2005
61 hatcheries
FAO, 2008
Europe mariculture
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Mediterranean producing countries
• Large and/or organized industry
– Greece, Turkey, Spain, France, Italy, Cyprus, Malta
and Egypt
• Small industry with growth potential
– Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Albania, Montenegro,
Croatia, Israel
• No significant marine aquaculture to date
– Lebanon, Syrian Arab Republic, Libyan Arab
Jamahiriya
FAO, 2010
Development facilitators
• Geography (as well as ideal growth conditions temperatures
and physiochemical parameters)
• Proximity to viable markets
• Presence of research institutions (to overcome early technical
problems)
When beneficial geography and subsidies, main drivers:
no conflicts for space and access to capital
FAO, 2010
Research keys
Genetics
Zootechny
Disease
Feeds
Feeds
Disease
Zootechny
Genetics
Emerging production
Mature production
European sea bass production
3 DEVELOPMENT STEPS
« Teenager »
30 year-old
70’s: first steps
Acquisition of basis in zootechny
80’s: « quantity » (need for juveniles)
Mastering larval rearing technology
90’s: quality
Genetics - Nutrition - Immunology - Recirculated systems
European sea bass hatchery
DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGICAL KEYS
The first 40 days
5 mm
15 mm
Effects of the technological progress
A major key in life feed access
• View
– Tank colour
• Wall & bottom
– Lightening intensity
• Catch
– Hydrodynamics
• water & aeration
– Size & shape
• swallowable
– Amount
• adapted to fish swimming
capacity
– Photoperiod
• time for chasing
– Swimbladder inflation
Photoperiod (9h): +30%
Black walls: +25%
50 to 2500 lux
Lowering
aeration-current
salinity (25‰)
Surface cleaning
Survival: x10
Growth: +10%
European hatchery specificity
• Modern hatchery facilities need
– a great deal of automation and control over environmental
parameters
– a large break-even production capacity to be profitable
• Any juvenile produced above this break-even amount
represents
– a clear profit for the juvenile producer
– cost benefits of up to 0.3 €/kg in the final product
– excess juveniles sold have profit margins of 80-100 %
For you in Africa to develop mariculture
the very first key issue will be …
• To become independent from wild for
juveniles
• Developing commercial hatcheries
• Using / adapting technology already existing in
other countries / species
•
•
•
•
Red sea bream (Japan)
Milkfish (Philippines, Taiwan)
Cobia (USA)
Seabass (France)
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION