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d r aw i n g w i t h M a r k !
Get a pencil and use the blank box below to draw
a portrait of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. as shown.
Keep practicing and having fun!
Road to freedom
By Erika Enigk
More Content Now
C
an you imagine being owned
by another person and forced
to work, not being allowed
to learn to read or write? That was
the way of life for many people
in the early days of this country. They were called slaves.
The history of slavery
Slaves first arrived in 1619, before
the U.S. had even been established
as its own nation. They were brought
here from Africa and bought and
sold just like property. Most were
not treated well. Many states in
the north part of the country outlawed slavery, but southern states
refused. Some slaves decided to
run away to places where slavery
was illegal and they could be free.
Watch Drawing with Mark!
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word find
owned
slaves
Africa
property
underground
railroad
South
hideout
secret
emancipation
The Underground Railroad
In the 1800s, slaves escaped using
a network called the Underground
Railroad, which actually wasn’t a
railroad. It was a route from the
South to the North where slaves
could travel safely without being
caught. People called “conductors”
would lead groups of slaves to hideouts and homes where they could
spend the night and get something
to eat before continuing on their
journey. The hideouts (called “stations”) were 10–20 miles apart, and
people would make the trip on foot at
night so they wouldn’t get caught.
Secret codes
Traveling along the Underground
Railroad was dangerous for both
the slaves and the people helping them, so everything had to be
done in secret. Some people would
hang quilts on clotheslines with
certain symbols stitched in to let
people know which way to go.
They used secret knocks and passwords at the doors of safe houses,
and sent messages to each other
by drumming stones together.
Harriet Tubman
Many people helped slaves who
A drawing from 1872 depicts runaway slaves on the Underground Railroad.
WIkIMEDIA COMMONS
Activity
Many former slaves met with
prejudice because of the color of
their skin, and many Americans
still do today. Unscramble these
words that relate to the issues
facing many people in our country
and the people who want to make
a difference.
A former slave and leading abolitionist,
Harriet Tubman guided hundreds of
enslaved people to freedom along the
Underground Railroad.
SAICRM
JREPDCUIE
STVCAITI
GTROBYI
MSINTEFI
LIQAEUYT
HSGITR
STOREPT
Answers appear below the story
WIkIMEDIA COMMONS
wanted to escape, but one of the most
famous was Harriet Tubman. She
had been a slave herself and escaped,
but she risked her life again and again
to help others gain their freedom.
Fugitive Slave Act and
Emancipation Proclamation
The Underground Railroad
began around 1810 and ran until
the 1860s, but things became difficult in 1850 when the Fugitive
Slave Act was passed. That was a
law that said runaway slaves who
were found in states that did not
have slavery had to be taken back to
their owners. Slaves now had to go
all the way to Canada to be safe.
In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, ordering that every slave
in the United States was now free,
but it took another two years for all
states to abolish slavery. Former
slaves did not have an easy time
finding work and feeling welcome,
but getting their freedom was an
important first step to a better life.
Word scramble answers: RACISM, PREJUDICE, ACTIVIST, BIGOTRY, FEMINIST, EQUALITY, RIGHTS, PROTEST
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