CHAPTER ONE (CONCENTRATION CAMPS)
Prisoner file from Gross Rosen concentration camp: Jerzy Krauze ‐ prisoner number 104613,
he was brought to the camp on 5 September 1944 after being captured during the Warsaw Uprising.
August Kowalczyk, prisoner in KL Auschwitz‐Birkenau number 6804. (PMA‐B)
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CHAPTER ONE (CONCENTRATION CAMPS)
Post card sent by prisoner Stanisław Zalewski to his mother from KL Gusen.
When a prisoner arrived at a camp he could send a post card to his next of kin advising of his whereabouts and where correspondence could be sent.
On the first side there are instructions relating to correspondence to and from KL Gusen. (AFPNP)
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CHAPTER ONE (CONCENTRATION CAMPS)
Sterbuerkunde – death certificate for prisoner in KL Auschwitz‐Birkenau issued by the camp regisitry office. Due to the necessity
of keeping the real role of the camp a secret, a branch of the registry office at Bielsk was opened at the camp. It issued death
certificates amongst other things and informed relatives of the deaths of prisoners. The person in charge of the office was an
SS officer who had the title of registrar. His job was to ensure that prisoner deaths appeared as natural on the certificates. No
certificates were issued for those murdered in the gas chambers.
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CHAPTER ONE (CONCENTRATION CAMPS)
Prisoners from KL Mauthausen working on burying unexploded bombs at Wels.(AFPNP)
Foundation work for a prisoner block at KL Neuengamme (IPN)
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CHAPTER 2 (GHETTOS. THE MURDER OF JEWS AND GYPSIES)
A group of Jews removing rubble fromt he streets, propaganda photograph Warsaw 1939. (Bundesarchiv Koblenz)
Poster summonsing Jews to report to the Labour Office, Częstochowa, June 1942. Registration was required in order to ascertain how many people were in the
getto before it was liquidated in October 1942 (ŻIH)
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CHAPTER 2 (GHETTOS. THE MURDER OF JEWS AND GYPSIES)
Jews in Zamość.
Women with white armband with
Star of David, the armband of the man
denotes him as being a member of
the Judenrat. Photo by Feliks Łukowski,
(MZwZ)
Leather workshop in the Warsaw ghetto
in 1942. (Jewish Historical Institute,
Warsaw)
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CHAPTER 3 (PRISON CAMPS AND PRISONS)
Prisoner file from Gestapo in Ciechanów: Jan Kurowski was in the AEL camp in Grodziec from 5 June 1942 to 18 August 1942 as a result of
breaking the terms of his employment contract. (IPN)
Poster announcing the execution of ten Poles on the order of the Special Court in Ciechanów. The death sentence was carried out on 18 August 1942,
immediately after sentencing. (APm.st.W)
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CHAPTER 3 (PRISON CAMPS AND PRISONS)
Punishment construction camp Baudienst, Kraków, 1942‐1944. (IPN)
Entry gate to the punishment construction camp Baudienst in Nowy Sącz (AFPNP)
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CHAPTER 4 (FORCED LABOUR)
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CHAPTER 4 (FORCED LABOUR)
Arbeitsbuch belonging to Karolina Beer, issued by the Arbeitsamt in Prenzlau (AFPNP).
The work book from 26 Feburary 1935 was the obligatory document confirming employment. During the war, a special book was introduced for foreigners ‐ Ar‐
beitsbuch fűr Ausländer. There were 36 pages containing information such as personal details, address, marital status, children as well as details of former and
current employment and industrial training. It was gradually introduced in parts of Poland annexed to the Third Reich. In October 1939 in Silesia, July 1942 in
Pomerania and in Wielkopolska in December 1943. The Arbeitsbuch was held by the employer.
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CHAPTER 4 (FORCED LABOUR)
Arbeitskarte ‐ the work card of
Wacław Hermanowicz issued by the Employment
Office in Wormiditt. (AFPNP)
The Arbeitskarte was the document which
confirmed employment as well as being an identity
document. It was stamped by the Labour Office and
the police department that dealt with foreigners.
It was for a limited period and the employer had to
ensure its validity was extended when necessary.
It was on two sides. One side had the photograph,
thumbprint and signature. This was handled by the
police. The second side showed the location and
type of work in which the holder was employed.
The worker needed to carry this at all times.
It was only valid for one place of employment
which was confirmed by the Arbeitsamt
on the reverse.
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CHAPTER 4 (FORCED LABOUR)
Factory pass for Arado in Rathenow. (AFPNP)
Factory pass for Henkel. (AFPNP) Ausweis – personal ID. Many large companies issued such documents.
It was an identity document both at and near the workplace. It contained information relating to the nature of
employment, nationality (for example a large P for Poles) and location where housed. In order to protect it,
it often had a foil cover or a metal holder.
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CHAPTER 4 (FORCED LABOUR)
Ration card for clothing. Ration cards were issued by the Germans at the beginning of the war which in time covered almost all basic food
and household materials. (AFPN)
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CHAPTER 4 (FORCED LABOUR)
The P worn by Polish forced
labourers in the Third Reich.
(AFPNP)
Karolina Sowińska
worked at Vlinderco‐Werke.
(AFPNP)
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CHAPTER FIVE (POWS IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR)
Near a camp barrack at Stalag XI B. (AFPNP)
Former soliders from the Warsaw Uprising in Arbeitskommando 4104 in Munich in 1944. (AFPNP)
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CHAPTER FIVE (POWS IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR)
Release papers for former POW
Edward Janota from Stalag IV A
Hohenstein‐Bad Schandau, Saxony.
It was obligatory to report to
an Arbeitsamt within 24 hours of release
in order to get a work assignment.
(AFPNP)
Identification POW dog tags for prisoner
number 305779 in Stalag IV B
Mühlberg/Elbe. They were made of metal
and could be broken in two in case of
death. One part stayed with the body
whilst the other was sent to the family.
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People being expelled from their homes, probably in the Poznań region. (ZHRL)
CHAPTER SIX (EXPULSION OF POLES DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR)
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CHAPTER SIX (EXPULSION OF POLES DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR)
Poles expelled probably from the Zamość region in 1942 – 1943. (AZHRL)
Expulsion of Poles, probably from the Zamość region in 1942 – 1943. (AZHRL)
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CHAPTER SIX (EXPULSION OF POLES DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR)
A camp for expulsees, probably Łódź (IPN)
Children expelled from the village of Goryń in the Radom region in 1942. (IPN)
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CHAPTER SIX (EXPULSION OF POLES DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR)
Child expelled from the Zamość region in 1943. Fate unknown. (IPN)
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CHAPTER SEVEN (GERMANISATION OF POLISH CHILDREN)
Piotr Adamiak. In November 1942 he was placed with his sister Halina in a Germanisation camp in Kalisz. After one year he was sent to a German family in Sankt
Martin where he was treated as cheap labour. He returned to Poland in 1945. (ZDPGPRH)
Barbara Paciorkiewicz – photograph from the Germanisation camp. Four year old Basia was taken to the camp in Bruczków and then to the Lebensborn centre in
Bad Polzin (today Połczyn Zdrój). After receiving her new surname, she was placed with the Rossman family in Lemgo. (ZDPGPRH)
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CHAPTER SEVEN (GERMANISATION OF POLISH CHILDREN)
Krysia Piotrowska with German nurses in Kinderheim camp at Stuttgart‐Nord 1942. (ZDPGPRH)
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CHAPTER EIGHT (EVERYDAY LIFE UNDER OCCUPATION)
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CHAPTER EIGHT (EVERYDAY LIFE UNDER OCCUPATION)
Announcement by local authorities in Ostrów Mazowiecki of the death sentence and execution of Jan Laskowski. (APm.stW)
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CHAPTER EIGHT (EVERYDAY LIFE UNDER OCCUPATION)
Kenkarte 'identification card' issued in territories annexed to the Reich in Kamienica Polska in 1944. (AFPNP)
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CHAPTER EIGHT (EVERYDAY LIFE UNDER OCCUPATION)
Kenkarte issued in the General Government in Warsaw in 1943. (AFPNP)
Kenkarte were identity documents. There were different versions in the Third Reich and General Government. In the annexed territories they were made up of two
pieces of paper with personal information, a photograph, finger prints and signature. There was a red stripe on the cover. For Germans or those on the Volksliste,
the stripe was vertical and its colour depended on the Volksliste group to which the owner belonged together with the words Reichsdeutscher, Volksdeutscher. In
the General Government there were three pieces of paper in two languages and additional information included address and religion. The Kennkarte was issued
for a given period of time.
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People listening to information from a megaphone in the Krakowskie Przedmieście in Warsaw, 1944. (AAN)
OKUPACYJNA CODZIENNOŚĆ
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OKUPACYJNA CODZIENNOŚĆ
Document from company fire brigade in the Phillips works in Wars
Listening to the radio in the coffin store belonging to Franciszek Frąckiewicz in ul. Blanowska in Zawiercie. Henryk Jakubowski. (AFPNP)
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