1. What is Lipids? z Examples of Lipids – Wax, Steroid, Higher fatty acid, Higher alcohol z The lipids are elements that constitute organisms which are not dissolvable in water but in organic solvents. 9 Example of organic solvents – Benzene, Petroleum, Chloroform z Sometimes the term lipid is used as a synonym for fat, however; fat is just a subcategory of Lipid z Depends on component or chemical structure, there are two kinds of lipids : Simple Lipid and Complex Lipid z Chemical Structure of Phospholipids – Complex Lipids z Chemical Structure of A free fatty acid – Simple Lipids 2. Saturated fatty acid z A fatty acid with no double bonds between the carbon atoms of its hydrocarbon chain. (Structure of Saturated fatty acid) z Consumption of saturated fats linked with heart disease. 9 Due to Cholesterol 9 Because of this, saturated fatty acids are known as bad fats. z Most of the animal fats z Solid at room temperature 9 Examples of Saturated fatty acid and its melting point Butyric(CH3(CH2)2COOH) -8 Caproic(CH3(CH2)4COOH) -3 Capric(CH3(CH2)8COOH) 31 3. Unsaturated fatty acid z One double bond between carbon atoms – Monounsaturated fatty acid z Two or more bonds between carbon atoms – Polyunsaturated fatty acid z Most of the vegetable fats z Liquid at room temperature z Known as good fats 4. Trans Fats z Type of unsaturated fat with trans-isomer fatty acid 9 Industrially created by partially hydrogenating plant oils z Consumption of Trans Fat elevates the risk of Coronary heart disease (CHD) 9 As Trans fat piles on vessel, arteriosclerosis may cause. (CT coronary arteriography of 74 years old male patient shows multiple stenosis with calcification of left coronary artery.) z From 2004, many part of the world started to control the amount of Trans Fat in the food.
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