!"$#%&'()+*,#-/.10324.065
7"8,()&9#:&
;"9<9=>?A@ *BC"<+D)#:EGFIH1DJ(KL;+DJH,=MENH1*,&9()"*,#
?PO "H1&Q,+R3#S,+<F
@ *9C"<D)#T+E7ENH,*,&9()"*1#VUT(JW,<+*,&QW&H1#
? XY*,
UZ&9"*,#%()=,9<[\F]"<^=1(J_]&H,D`T()*9C"<Dba1*,+Fc9DJd
jlk
f
egf3hif p
m
n"o 2Bs
:,^8,<+,D)9Ft,9<^(J#VC""(J*,Cu\vw,o qNp o\x r (J#VFIH,D`(`b;+D)H,9=>a!+*,=$UyYFIH,#%
8,()&QM,<+*,&Q+Ez,I#{BH|<I<%+0}:,9<\(J#}*,M~19=8,<!&9=,H,<%\"*,
U
€=,€,()#9+&QM(J*C+<+D|+Ev1()#z‚d!8 [|+#z€ S=,+DJUT(JcH1#()*1Cu^Q+(JD)"<4
FM+=1I,<*,&QX*,=MQ+(JD)"<4‚Fc+=,€&"*+H,<0:,#%M+<%u1\Fc"#ƒY=,(J_]&9H,DJ
‚d8vY+E()*9C"<+DJ#VU„R…DJDg&"*1#()=1<T()*$,()#T&+H,<#%+0
?P† *1EN"<ƒH,*,9DJd"a‡1()#gENH,*,&'()+*€(J#ˆ*,+79;+*>a"#%SUy„&+*,*,<%8,D)+&z, 1‰Š‹s
()*9C"<()"*IUT(`c+* Š‰Š‹sŽ()*9C"<()"*0[D)#Y1<S()#/Y#(J*,C"H,D)+<q (`‚dI
1a,#‘1€(J*C+<+D>#%,"qƒŒ H,DJ=’ Y()*<81<9=+#
D)()F m • D)(JF j • p
f
“‚” ” k “
no 2s
? X^Uy"H,D)=’DJ()+w‘<81D–+&9Y,()#VUT(`W‘&oG"F]qNoI8,r D)—&9"*"H,<T(J*BC"<+D
DJ()F m • D)(JF j!˜%™›š œ p x x x 2Bs
“‚” ” k
n
UT,<%] “%ž • ()#w1\#%<+()C+BYDJ()*,IEN<%"F ŸcWq ¡Ir 0 † *EN"<%H,*|DJd¢,(J#^()#^*,+
{!H1(J^&9"<<%&'ai 9&+H1# p x ()#:FIH,D`(KL;+D)H1=$*,=&+*W{BH|+D p "< p
UT,* xu£
10y¥\U„€|;"Y‘8,(J&Q—\,<*,&Q>0
r o Πo
o‘rA¤
? :,Y";(J"H,#T,<+*,&Q‘8,()&Q$(J#V,Y8,<%()*,&9()8|D,<+*,&Q
egf…hif p x£ g"C f
:,()#}ENH1*,&9()"*|#Y$,<+*1&Q&9H1^"*,I*,9C(`;"\<%+DG ()#0S‡Uy9;+<9a(`E
"*,I=,!#S,(J#[,* "*,<H,*1#w()*c<+H,,D)av&+H,#I,<%\+8,8v<#[— *,[U„dw&DJ"#,y&"*"H,<G “%ž • UT(`,"H %H,F]8,(J*,C}&<+##G,„,<+*,&QI&9H1a
UT,()&Q+E/&9"H,<#%IU„+H,D)==,'EN€*Bd¢%F]81w—H,#I,I<%#(J=,H,I,"<%F
UT,(J&Q&+*+*,DJdM|+*,=,DJ^()#%"D–=—#%()*,C"H1D–+<%(J(J#s'0
q
ε
-4
γ
ε, R
R
?A@ T#9Fc#TDJ()+}9;"9<%d’&Q,+()&^EG,<+*,&QW&H1T(J#VC""(J*,CI‘<%H,*’H,8W+C+(J*,#%V,()#
8,<"1D)FW0 „H1^,<%\()#^$#%*,Bd#"DJH1(J"*T&Q,!"#%I,\,<+*,&Q &H^|
C"9#I,<%"H,C" 1 <D: ()#I€#%<+(JC"\,<%"H,C" ,’&"*+H,<‘+E
()*9C"<()"* g9R3#T#9,
U ,(J#:H,*BH,#H|Dˆ<(J&Q$&+*’Uy"<i0
? XYD)' x s:=1*,+^,Y,<+*,&Q
š
q
x s £ g"C +EŽ1#%{!H,+<I<%SENH1*,&9()"* q p x 0::,(J#}|+#}c,<+*,&Q&9H1w+*1 <Dz ()#90\:,‘()=,$()#w’H,#%\,(J#^,<+*1&Q&9H1Y’#8,DJ(Jw,‘&"*"H,<w “%ž •
()*\‚Uyc8,(J&9# B()*1=+ED)(J+^#%8,D)(`(J*,C\\|+(J<VUT(J\#%|+<8WB*,(JENs'0
? (J&Q—\#Fc+D)D *BH,FIq v< ‹1a|*,=&9"*,#%()=,9<T,Y()*9C"<D)#
x
j˜ ™ š œ
x s nx
2Bs
!#" #"
q q r
+*,=
x
j ˜ ™ šœ
x s nx
2Bs
$ #" $ #"
q q r
γ
-4
γ
ε + δι, R+ δι
ε − δι, R− δι
a
? ˆ'R3#}DJ"’ [,~|<%#%}()*9C"<+D›0:X&+*8,+<+F]9<%( €(JSd xc£
Ÿ ¡Ia,#% x£ a|+*,=’1€(J*C+<+D>v&9"F]#
o]r ¤
o
n n"o j •
s n"o 2
s f
“ [
U +# 1a 2 +8,8,qNoI<%r +&Q,¤ 9# qNo‘r 2,0Žr ¤| :+v"H1 sW
|;"[v[,(`o[&r +<%9ENr H,Dv,¤ <%[v&+H,#% o[Wr ,+#„Y,<+*,&Q$&9H1V /q o[,r S8 ¤ "#%(J(J;"
<D>D)(J*,+a|*,=(J#:,*1&€=,()#%&"*(J*BH,"H,#S 0zD)D›aUy,
;+
D)* o [<C
s £ 8
ss%s f
m ž q o\r
q q o‘r ¤ r ¤
q o\r ¤
2
}# avDJ*
+8,8,<%+&Q,9#}D)* a +*,=W}<%C m ž s:+8,8,<%+&Q,9#
10/¥
o\ r ¤ s '8 DJ* o s £ +# qNo\r ¤
f
:,()#I(J#I+#u"*,$1qNoI8vr &'#9¤ ay#%()*,&9 q x s()#uo ,<o +*1&Q +E x 0 H1()*,C¢,#%
,(J*,C"#V+C"9,<:Uy€C+9
q
DJ()F m j!˜ ™ š œ x s x x 2s £ j • p
‰
B
2
s
” #" !#" n
"
n
o
“
q
q
r
oGq o\r
UT,()&QW()#V,Y()*9C"<+D U„YUV*B0
? [
U D)'R3#‘D)!" ‘,#%&9"*,=l(J*C+<+D›0 W&+*A8|+<+Fc'9<( —,(J#]d
xu£
a,
Ÿ ¡Ia,# xu£ a|*,=W,Y()*9C"<D> 9&"F]#
ocŒ ¤
o
j • n n"o
s n"o 2
s f
“ }# 'EN"<a 2 +8,8,<%+&Qq ,oM9#Œ ¤ qN2o‘+r # Œ 1¤ 0G |/ "H s X9D)Dba!,(J#:()o:# r Œ ¤
oVr
qNo[Œ ¤
D)* [<C
s £ '8
s%ss f
m ž }# aqNDJoc* Œ
¤ >8,8,q <"+q &Q,oM#uŒ D)* ¤ 0 r [¤ Uy9;"9<az[q o$<C Œ m ž ¤ sY+8
8,<&Q,#T ()*,#ƒoŒ +=$¤ +E7 :,()#y()#y=,H,o}u,[,<*,&Q—&H1VC""q ()o¢*1CŒ 1¤<"H,C+
s'0y¥
q
o
D)* ss £
+# f
s 8
*@ —+,9<VU„+<qNoc=,#9Œ a ¤ +8,8,<%+&Q,q 9# q oI r EN<%"F ¤ ;"ŒTo a,+*,=’+8,81<+&Q1# EN<"Ft 9D)
U 0Ž^BH,#S|;" o
o
o
o D)()F j ˜ ™ š œ
x
j •
£
” m !#" #" x s n x 2Bs Œ “ p n"o 2Bs f
¥— +E1#\#%8,D)(`w(J*BC"q <+D)#}q +r <u<D)9=$,IoGqN()oI*r C"<+D|wUy‘+&'
H|+DJDJd]UV*BTc&9"Fc81H10
? [ U U„u*,9=¢c&D)+#,u&9"*"H1<0 ˆ' “ vI]*,+<%DJdW&+Fc8,DJ9&9()<&9D)
&"*,*1&9()*,C$Ÿ MŸ (J*+* +*(K‚&9D)!&QBUT(J#€E +#,(J"*>a+*,=#%()F]()D–<DJd
D)9 • v]—*,r +<%¤ DJd&9"F]Œ 8,D)'¤ \&(J<&9D)\&+*,*,&'(J*,C¢¡ W¡ (J**
+*(`L&DJ&QUT()#%wE +#1()"*>0
r ¤
Œ ¤
γ
-4
C
C
γ
ε
ε + δι, R+ δι
ε − δι, R− δι
R
? :,€ENH1*,&9()"* |+#[c,<+*,&Q¢&9H1}[M+*,=’18v"#(`(`;"Y<+DˆD)()*1+a
+*,=W+D)#%‘|+#S+*W()#+D–=—#(J*,C"H,D)+<(`‚d$ V‚2,0z:,Y&9"*"H,<
 “ ž• •  “ ž• “
()#VI&9D)"#%=—&9"*"H,<VUT1()&Q’;"r "(J=,#„r ,^Œ *(J<w1<+*,r &Q’Œ &9H1a|*,=$UT()*,=1#V"*,&9
+*(`L&DJ&QUT()#%W+<"H1*,= 2,0 :BH,#MUy¢&* H,#W,W<9#(J=,H,,+<F Œ
.
&"*,&9D)H,=1
j ˜ ™ šœ
™
œ ˜ ™ šœ
x
x s n x 2Bs
£ ¡ x s x 2s ‰ q 2Bs q f r
:,^ENH,*,&9()"* x sV()#T+*,+DJšdB¤ (J&Y+*,q =’q *,"q *! r 9<cŒ 2,a|()*,=1=
2Bs q £ g"C £ £ Œ £ f
¤
:!H1#S,^ENqƒH,Œ *,&9()"* |#[\#%()F]8,D)w8v"DJYV‚2,a1#
¡ x s x 2Bs ‰ 2s £ DJ()F x x s x 2 2Bs
”
r
q q q r Œ
£ 2Bs £ f q q r
:!H1#SUy,
;+
q
¤
x
x
j ˜ ™ šœ
j œ
x snx
2s
x s nx
2s
#" !#"
r
j ™ q q xr
j ˜ ™ š œ q q rx
x s x
2Bs
x snx
2Bs
Œ $ #" $ #" q nq £ r f Œ
q q r
? [
UX++/D)(JFc• (`#># 10ˆXR3;+„D)<+=1d^#%9*,ˆ,z~|<%#%()*9• C"<+D+&"*
;"<%C"#T “ ai*,=W,^,(J<=’()*C"<+D>&+*B;+<%C"#T “ 0
:,[#%&9"*,=$*,=\
EN"H,<%c(J*C+<+DJ#z|+<9DJdu&Q|+*,C"[+# 1a"Œ,T"*1DJdI
,()*,C
||+818 9*,#(J#7|7,y+DJFc"#ƒˆ&"F]8,DJ9&9()<&9D)9#v&9"Fc/C"9*!H1()*,9DJdY&+F‘
8,D)'^&(J<&9D)#90/¥‘U„Y|;"
x
j œ
j • p
x snx
2Bs
n"o 2s r
“
oGj qNoI™ r
q q r
x
£
x snx
2Bs f
[
U U„wDJ9V¡ Š +*,=MŒ Ÿ 1a1q +*,=$q ,r +8 }|y, • +*,= “ ()*C"<+D)#
C"\ 9<,0
#" #" $ #" $ #"
5
? ˆ 'R3#:~|<#ƒ[DJ+$:, • ()*9C"<+D›0G ,9* x ()#T"* • a x £ ¡Ia,#%
¡ 2 x 2 ¡ 2 f
|z "H x s —:,(J#G()#Œ "*,y+E,1r „‚U„}#{BH|r +<%V<!+#+E x 0 „+u#{BH|+<%
<!+#:|;+Fc+qC"*,(`H,=1 p ¡Ia|#%]UyY|;" x s £ ¡ 0:BH,#
x s x 2Bs p q ¡ ¡ 2Bs f
q Œ
¥()*,&9 • |+#TD)9*,C+ gq¡Ia1q U„€r |;"
£ p f
j œ x s x x 2Bs p g¡
¡ ¡ 2Bs
¡ •s
n
}#¡ Šaˆ,]<q()C+Bqƒ‚|r *,=#%()=,‘&9D)q <DJdŒ C"9#^1aq #%Œ , • (J*C+<+D
C"9#V 9<,0
? [
UUyDJ+M:, “ ()*C"<+Db0G 1* x ()#:(J* “ a x £ Ÿ!a|#
2 Ÿ x 2 ‹2 Ÿ f
r
}D)#%,a1Uy,
;+ x s £ Ÿ Œ a|#% r
q x s x
2Bs p Ÿ 2 Ÿ+s f
q Œ
¥()*,&9 • |+#TD)9*,C+ Ÿq aU„q Y|r ;"
j ™ x s x x 2Bs p Ÿ 2 >Ÿ Ÿ+s £ 2 p Ÿ Ÿ f
n
}#„Ÿ 1a!,w<%()C"ƒ‚|+q *1=$q #(Jr =,^&DJ+<%DJd]C"q!#„Œ \1a1#%IŒ , “ ()*C"<+DC"!#
9<,0
? G+B(J*,C‘D)()F](J#y(J*—,Y8,<%9;!()"H1#S8,<9##(J"*>a|Uy*,
UC"9
£ z‰
egf3hif j k p
2
s
no
m
#
j k oq o‘r £
egf3hif p
f
m
n"o 2Bs oqNo\r
? } #Gd+"H‘&+*\#%+a#%"F]9(JFc9#G(`GQ+#z{BH,(`„w,(JG+Ei "<%G}~|C+H,<V+H1z,
U
H,#%—&"*"H,<I(J*BC"<(J"* &+Fc8,HM(J*C+<+DJ# S"8 'ENH,D)D`dd""H ,
;+
+*M(J=,€*,
U +E>,
U‹;+<#(JD)[+*,=$8v
U„9<%ENH,Di1[9&Q,*,(J{!H1w+E>#%,(JE ()*,CY1
&"*+H,< "<V<%d!()*,C\]Fc+\&9"*"H,<T&9D)"#%=isV()#90
[<C"H,F]*Sq8,<%()*,&9()8,DJ^+*,= O +H,&Q,+R3#T,9"<9Ft @ *<!=,H,&'(J"*
?  ,+#(J&€81,()DJ"#"81BdM()*W<9#()=1H,Y&+DJ&H,DJH,#T()#V,T,€ 9|;!()"H,<:Ez\ENH,*,&'
()+*M"*’u&9D)"#%=—&9"*"H,<„()#y\uD)+<C"['!9*T&"*<%"D)DJ=cBdc,}#()*1C"H,D–<ƒ
(J(J#^(J*,#(J=,\|€&9"*"H,<90c+R3<]C""(J*,C—W<9;+<%#c,()#Y8,1()D)+#"8,d+aG+*1=
#,
UZ1‡U ,^v,
;!(J"H,<:+EGuENH,*,&'()+*W+*I&9D)"#%=W&"*"H,<:&*WvYH,#9=
}=199<F]()*,/,„*!H1FI 9<G+Ei#%()*,C+H,D–+<%(J()#ˆ*,= 9<!#Ž(J*,#(J=,|G&"*"H,<0
@ *cE +&'aB,9<S()#yY;+<%dc*,(J&SC""F]9<(J&S<%D)(J"*,#1()8‘&+DJD)9=‘,}[<C"H1Fc9*B
8,<(J*,&(J8,D)a UT,(J&Q#%Q #^|w,I*BH,FIv<^+E <!#^E„* +*|+D`d!()&€ENH,*,&'
()+* X()*1#()=1IM&9D)"#%=&+*B"H,< (J#w{BH|+D7M,I*BH,FIv<}+E()F]# s
UT()*,=,#S+<%"H,*,= <10
q
? :,<%\()#^$H,#%9ENH,DŽ+8,8,DJ()& ()+*+E,()#w81<()*1&()81D)€!*1‡UT*+# O "H,&Q1+R3#Y,'
"<9Fa1UT1()&Q>ai<+H,C",D`d—#8v+B(J*,C,a|#%9#S|T(`E +*,= —+<%^‚U„M+*|+D`d!()&
ENH,*,&9()"*1#yUT,(J&Q—+<}+8,8,<%1(JFM D`d‘{BH|+Dv"*—&D)+#=M&"*+H,< za,* +*,= M|;"'1+&9DJd—,#+F]*BH,FIv<S+E <%9#[(J*,#(J=, z0V:,()#S()#TH,#%9ENH,D
EN"<y&9"H,*(J*,CI,
U Fc+*d <%9#:ENH,*,&'(J"*M|#a,';"*—(`E>Uyw&+*R3:#%"DJ;+[EN"<
, 9<!#T=,(J<&'D`d"0
ƒC""F]9<(J& $8,<%E+E
? }#Y$&+*,#9{!H1*,&9c+E,()#9aU„R…DJDŽv\+,DJu—C"(`;"\
, iH1*,=|+F]*QD :,9"<9FtEˆ}D)C+,<€UT,(J&Q$()#y{!H1(J[=,( <%*„EN<%"F 1
"*,YC"(J;+*’<D)(J<90
"H1*B()*,C‘1€*BH,Fu 9<SE <!#T"<:#%()*,C+H,D–+<%(J()#y()*,#%()=,Y‘&+*B"H,<
? ˆ' vT^#()F]8,DJ„&DJ"#9=]+*(`L&DJ&QUT()#%:&"*"H,<aB*,=‘D)9 MvS}ENH,*,&'()+*
UT,()&Q()#€+*|DJdB(J&\"*X*,=(J*,#(J=, l'&9818 +##(J,DJd¢EN"<€—~,*,(J]*BH,Fu 9<
+Eˆ#(J*,C"H,D)+<(`()9#0G¥H,8,8v"#%}U„^B*,
U 1};+D)H,[+E "*c,w&9"*"H1< za,H
=,"*>R TB*,
U '1+&'DJdcUT|S|+818 9*,#T()*,#%()=,w,Y&"*+H,< z0 @ T(J#T\*|H1<+D
{!H1#%()"*’]+#%—(JEˆUy&+*<%&9"*,#%<H,&'}#%"F]^()*1EN"<%FM ()+*—+v"H1 ()*—1
()*9<()+<€E %H1#%uEN<%"F B*,
UT()*,C¢UT,I|8,8 9*,#I"*,$v"H,*1=|+<%d+
0 |"<
()*,#ƒQ+*,&9+aˆU„]F]()C"^DJ()+IB*,
U 1‡U FM+*d#%()*,C+H,D–+<%(J()#}+*,= 9<!# |+#T()*,#%()=, z0
f(z) known on Γ, but unknown inside Γ .
Γ
?
?zeroes?
?singularities?
?
?A@ E1Uy„B*,
U , \|+#7*,S#(J*,C"H,D)+<(`()9#>()*1#()=1 za‡,9*, H,&Qd(J*C+<+D
EN"<FIH1D–€+D)DJ‡UT#/H,#/I=,'9<F]()*, x m szEN"<y+D)D x m ()*1#()=1za!Bd]1}EN"<FuH,D–
q j x s x
x ms £
x q xm f
q
Π*1$#n (J*,C"H,D)+<(`()9#:()*,#%()=, za>+*1=
„H1},()#TEN"<%FIH,D–‘"*,D`d—U„+<B#w(JEG,¤ 9<\+<%
()#*,+;"9<%d]C"!=\EN"<DJ&(J*,C 9<!#„E #(J*,&S"*,:Uy"H,DJ=c1*Mv:E +&9=
UT(J—<%d!()*,C\]#%"DJ;+^,Y{BH| ()+*
q
£ j x x xs x
q m n
Œ
NE "< x m 06s
?A@ E M,+#Ž*,Y#(J*,C"H,D)+<(`(J#ˆ()* za+,*\1 +H,&Qd "H,<#z1"<%F DJD)#GH1#
| x s xu£ 10¥^(`E|U„T(J*BC"< M"* ¢+*1=I~|*,=\| Ž,:(J*C+<+D
()#/*,"* <%q ,an |/9D)D)#/H,#/| W|#V„D)#%y"*,}#%()*,C+H,D–+<%(J‚d\(J*,#(J=, 0 @ +D)#%}9D)D)#H,#ŽUT|G,:#%H,F +EvD)DB,:<%#(J=,H,9#z+E M()*,#%()=, +<%+a+|+*,B#Ž
,Y<9#(J=,H,Y,9"<9F0 „H1S1()#:=,!#%*>R3[#9F ]D)DH,#[1‡U‘C"9SF]"<
8,<9&()#%:()*1EN+<Fc(J"*>a‡#H,&Qc+#G,V*BH,FIv<zE #%()*,C+H,D–+<%(J()# "< 9<!#s|
,+#0
q
? i+<%H1*|9DJd+a>,9<]()#Y—<(J&Q¢,+D)DJ‡UT#^H1#Y=1W,()#90]:1c(J=,’()#w
D)!"M :,Y()*C"<+D
j x s x
f
qx s
:,u181<#%#(J"* (J#[B*,
UT*+#Sq, n avv&+H,#%I(J
U„"H1D)=’ w,^=,9<(J;(J;+^+E7D)"C x ssyUy<Y(`:*,+:EN"<V,wE +&':|VD)"C‘()#
FIH,DJ(`b;+D)H,9=>0
q q
? ˆ'R3#}<ƒd$~|C"H,<%I"H1}UT|w,()#[()*9C"<+D7()#90 ydW, O #% ()=, H,,9"<9Fa
(JS()#S{BH|+DˆM (JFc9#S,€#H,F +ED)D>1u<9#(J=,H,#[+E ai#%MU„*,9=
\~|*,=+D)D ,Y#(J*,¤ C"H,D)+<(`(J#„E +*,=’1()<:#%()*,C+H,D–+<%(J()#90
? :,<%‘+<I‚Uy—UVd!#^| &+* =,';"DJ"8$#(J*,C"H,D)+<(`‚dWY$8v"()* x m 0
:,€~,<#%[()#TUT,9* x sT,+#} 9<$ x m 0y:,u#%&9"*,=(J#TUT1* x sa+*1=
BH,# x sa"|+#G}#(J*,qC"H,D)+<(`‚dY x m 0 @ E x s7(J#Ž+*,+DJdB(J&/+*,=I*,+* q<w x m a
,9* q ()#T+*|DJdB(J&Y x m <&+D)D |[q +*,+DJdB(J&}ENH,*,&'(J"*,#S+<Y(J*1~|*,(`D`d
=,( <%*()+,D)s'a#%u,9<[()#/*,uq #%()*,C"H1D–+<%(J‚d"07:BH,#„,}#%()*,C"H1D–+<%(J(J#z+E &9&H,<S:, <%9#S+*,=W#()*1C"H,D–<(J()9#„+E 0
? [
U‹I&9"F]8,H1S,[<9#()=1H,#VE 70 g9R3#„~|<%#%„#H,8,8v"#%}| x s/|#
<%c+E"<%=,< x m q
£ x x m s x x m s
x s ffff
:,()#TF]+*,#V|q i|#[q Œ <]+Er "<=1< q Œ € x m - r
x m s Πfff9f
x s £ x
q
q Œ
r
+
: !H1# ‹|+#]#%()F]8,D)—8v"DJ’ x m 0P7 ~|*,= ,W<9#()=1H,+a/U„WH,#’1
EN"<FIH1D–
¡ 7 x m s £ DJ()F x s x x s x m s
” q q Œ
q
£ D)(JF x x x x sm s q fff
”
q Πm r fff
£ D)(JF q Œ fff r
” £ r fff
rf
:!H1# ¢|#TI<#%()=,H1 x m {BH|+D>I,^"<%=,<:E7, 9<‘+E x m 0
? [
UZ#%H,8,8v"#Y| ,+#S]8v"D)}+EG+<=,9< x m £ x x m s x x m s ffff
x s r
:,* i|+#Sq \8 +D)^+Eq "<Œ=1< r u x m - q Œ
xms x s £
r x
ffff
:!H1# |+#S\#(JFcq 8,DJw8v"Œ D)Y x m q 0z[Œ C+(J*>a1Uy&9r "Fc81H1w,Y<#%()=,H1
¡ 7 x m s £ DJ()F x s x x s x m s
” q q Œ
q
£ DJ()F x x x s x m s q fff
fr ff
” Œ
q Œm
£ D)(JF q Œ fff r
” Œ r fff
£ rf
:!H1# |+#Y—<%#(J=,H,] x m {BH|Œ DŽ’*,C"(`;"I1\"<=,9<Y+E,‘8v"D)
+E x m 0
?PO 9Fc
;+,DJM#(J*,C"H,D)+<(`(J#€+E <—8v"D)9#I+ES"<=1<‘+*,= ,9*,&’|;+W*1
<#%()=,H1+0
? H(J*,CT,(J#G+DJD""C+91<a U„yC"9 J( E]|+#7*,[##%*()+D!#()*1C"H,D–<(J()9#>()*,#%()=,
j x s x £ qx s
++D>"<%=,q<T+E n 9<!#S()*,¤ #%()=,
Q+D>+<=,9<SEG8v"D)9#:()*,#%()=, f
?A@ * +,9<uUy"<=,#9az,$Π*BH,Fu 9<I+E 9<!#\(J*,#(J=, zazF]()*BH,#,$*BH,FIv<u+E
8 "DJ#:(J*,#(J=, (J#:{BH|+Dg
j xs x x‰
q x s n
n
(JEˆU„€&+H,*}\=,+H,,D) <c+#:¤ ‚Uyc#%8|q+< <!#9av\<(J8,D) <%M+#:,<9
#8,+< 9<!#^'&+0 :,()#}()#}<%9EN9<<9=—+# "&"H1*B()*,CMFIH,DJ()8,DJ()&9(J‚d ,0 @ E
9;"9<%d <%\()#y&"H,*= q %H,#%V"*,&a1Uyw#dMUyY+<% "*,V&+H,*()*1C\FIH,DJ()8,DJ()&
(J‚d Bs'0
? XR3;+M+&Q1()9;+="H,<Y+(JF +Ey&"H1*B()*,C <!#+*,= #%()*,C"H1D–+<%(J(J# "<^F]"<
8,<9&()#%D`d"a1,^=,( <%*,&9^ '‚U„9*W,^*BH,FIv<:E <%9#[*,=$,^q *BH,Fu 9<
+E|8v"D)9#Qs7(J*<F]#GE|,/;+D)H,y+E c"* 0 [
UAD)'R3#G#9V(JE1U„V&+*I#%()F]8,D)(`E d
,()*9C"<+D›0 |"<%H,*|DJd+a„1()#M(J#];+<ƒdl+#%dA|*,B#M,&Q,+*,C"+E
;+<(–,D)9#
£ x s‰
£ x sf
}# x <;"DJ#T+D)+*,C za <;+D)#Tq D)"*,C n 7s'a!q ,}()Fc+C"}E H,*1=,< 0/¥!
U„Y|;"
j x s x £ q j
q x s n
n f
¥()*,&9
()#]&DJ"#9=>a ¤ s‘()#c+D)#%q X&9D)"#%=>0 ¤ [
U ,ENH,*,&9()"* |+#M
#()F]8,DJw8 +D)^[IUT(J’q <#%()=,H1]+a|#‘d—, O #(J=,H,^1"<%F Uy,
;+
j
n £ 7s'Qs f
¤ nvq q
¥H,F]FM+<%( ()*,C,aBUy€,
;+ ¤
? g9 cv:#()F]8,DJG&DJ"#9=u*B(`L&D)!&QUT()#%Ž&"*"H,<a
+*,=¢DJ9 vI‘ENH,*,&9()"*WUT,()&Q¢()#[+*|+D`d!()&Y"*¢+*,=(J*,#(J=, &8wEN"<[
~|*,(JT*!H1FI 9<yE>8v"D)9#y*,= <%9#y(J*,#(J=,0G}D)#%,aB#H,818 "#%[| ’,+#y*1
<%9#"* (J#9DJE40G:1*‘,T*BH,FIv<+E 9<!# &9"H,*(J*,CYFIH,DJ()8,DJ()&9(J‚d1s>+E
()*,#%()=,
za,Fc(J*BH,#y,w*BH,FIv<VE8v"DJ#„(J*,#(J=, za,(J#„9{!H,+D,w*BH,Fu 9<
+E^(JFc9# s\UT()*,=1#—+*(K‚&DJ&QUT(J#<"H,*1= q ,+<()C+()*>0 :,(J#$()#—D)#
&+DJD)=], 4q ++D [<C"H1Fc9*B„+E 7s ,a1*,&9w,w*,+Fc}+Eg,q }8,<(J*,&(J8,D)s'0
? ˆ'R3#w#9\#"F]I,Fc8,DJ#90 ˆ' q u,I&9()<&9D) xM£ ‰Q (b03+0
,/&(J<&DJ x £ <;"<%#9=I"*,&9„+*(`‚&9D)!&QUT()#s'a+*,=D)9 x s £x 0:q ,()#
ENH,*,&9()"*—,+#:I{BH,()*H,8,D) <%]T\+*,=—*1\#()*1C"H,D–<(J()9#0z¥!q I,w*BH,Fu 9<
+E <%9#S(J*,#(J=, X(J# a|+*,=’1€*B H,Fu 9<SEG8v"D)9#T()#T10 S‡UD)'R3#SDJ+M
7s'0z¥()*,&9 ()#/C"(J;+*—d xu£
‰Q za,*,= x s £x a,}&9H,<%;+
!
7s€(J#uC"(`;"9* d ‰ " zaz+*,= ,()#()#€,$H1*,(J&(J<&DJ x £ <qq ;+<#%= ~,;+$()F]#u+*(K‚&DJ&QUT(J#+Ž,()#&H,<ƒ;"$!H1#Iq UT()*,=,#I+<"H1*,=X1
"<(JC"()*€~,;":(JFc9#0G¥()*1& £ a"Uy+R ;"T;"9<(J~,=\,:[<C"H1Fc9*BŽ8,<(J*,&(J8,D)
()*—,(J#:&+#%+0
Œ
? [
U D)'R3#Y+98 P,] #+F]+aˆ,H1 D)' x s £ x !0]: 1()#YENH,*,&9()"* | #
~,;" <%9#—$ aS $# aS q aS r &% +*,= $' a
,H1},#%‘+<u+D)D7"H1#(J=, z0w:BH,# ! ,+#}*, <%9#^+*,=*1$8 +D)#[()*,#%()=,
0S:,&H,<ƒ;" 7sS()#SC"(`;"*¢Bd ‰Q ( e 0[:1()#}&9H,<%;+I()#T1
&()<%&DJ x £ q c<;+<#%= ~,;+$()F]r #+*(K‚&9D)!&QBUT¤(J#,()#€&H1<%;"—=19#
*,+„UT(J*,=—Œ +<%"H,*,=$uV+D)D›0z¥(J*,&} £ 1a!Uy+R ;"w;+<%(J~|9=$,w[<C"H1Fc9*B
8,<(J*,&(J8,D)w(J*—,(J#:&+#%+0
Œ
? }#}+H,<}D)+#%['1+F]8,D)aiD)9R…#[+98 ,#+F]+av,H1}D)' x s £ x 0S:,()#
ENH,*,&9()"*W|+#S~,;"8 +D)#[[M*,=¢*, 9<!#av# ! |#}*,q 9<!#w*,=~,;+
8 "DJ#()*,#%()=, z0G:,:&9H,<%;+ 7sˆ()#GC+(J;"9*Id ‰Q z0G:,(J#Ž()#ˆ1
&()<%&DJ x £ <;"<%#9= ~1;"u()F]# *)+ av#%c,uUT()*1=,()*,C]*BH,FIv<[+E
,(J#&9H,<%;+T+<"H1*,=\[(J#7 0Ž¥!()q*,&9V £ a+Uy+R ;"V;+<(`~|=,V[<C"H1Fc9*B
8,<(J*,&(J8,D)w(J*—,(J#:&+#%+0
Œ
Œ
? #+Fc'UT|:
;"9<#%()F]8,D)(`~|=]UVdMI#%[,^<C"H,F]*„8,<(J*,&(J8,D)S()#/|
9;"9<%d 9<€+E —()*1#()=1 W‚UT()#%# 7sYUT()*,=]"*,&9}*B(`L&D)!&QUT()#%[<"H,*1=
,Y"<%()C"(J*>a1*,=';"9<%d’8v"D)w‚UT(J#%# q 7sy,Y+,<:U„
d+0
?A@ R3#:*|H1<+Di‘+#%cUT,',9<:"*,^&+*—q &"F]8,H1}1^*!H1FI 9<V+E 9<!#T+*1=
8 "DJ#z=,(J<9&9D`d"a"<1<Ž,+* %H1#%&+Fc8,H()*1Cw,T=,( 9<*1&T '‚U„9*],9F0
2
?
O
?
?
@ * 8,<+&'(J&+D/<%Fc#,(J#I()#()F]8 "#%#(J,D)0(JD)DJH,#%<],()#9azD)9 vM1
,H *,(JT&9()<%&D) x £ €+*,=WD)' x sT*,= x sV w,^‚U„]ENH,*,&'()+*,#
q
q x f ""1
x s £ "‰ x s £
x f
r
:,w‚U„\ENH,*1&9(J"*,# q *,= c+<w;+q<%dM=,( <%*S+#„E <:+# <!#T*,=—8 +D)#
+<&9"*,&9<*1=>
- |+#—*1 <%9#—"<$8v"D)9#MUT|#!9;"9<a}UT1()D) l|#’
#()F]8,DJ <%’ f ""1\*,=M#%()F]8,D)€8 +D)^10 [
Uy9;"9<ag(`EŽU„‘<u+*
A1* +*1= Œ +<‘+DJFc+#%^(J=,*(J&+D ()#^+E„&"H1<#‘9{!H,+Dz "a7+*,= "*,DJd‘;+<%()#/EN<"F wdMVF]"#ƒ: f ""1
s'0q ¥ %H,#%:dcD)!"B()*,Cy,};+DJH,#
"* (Jy()#/;"<ƒdM,+<=MI=,(J#%(J*,C"H,(J# ¢+*,= va+*,=$1*,&9}uUy"<%c"HV,
U
FM+*d\8v"DJ#"< 9<!# W"< I,+#0 :,[81<",DJF (J#z|, <%I+*,=‘1
8 "DJ^+<%D)F]"#%:&+*,&9D)(J*,C‘+&QW+q ,<s'0
¥()F]()D)+<D`d"aBU„+DJU„d!#[|;+c&"H1*B 9<!#TUT(JFIH1DJ(J8,D)(J&(`‚d"0z:,€ENH,*,&'
()+*,#
x s £x ‰ x s £ x x
f ""1
s
+<+D)F]"#ƒ‘()*,=,(J#%()*,C"q H1()#,+,D)M"*Pq ,H1*,(Jq cr&(J<&DJ x £ "aV,H |+#c
#()*1C"D) 9< *,+w&9"H,*(J*,CMFuH,DJ()8,DJ()&(`‚d1s„()*,#%()=,Y,(J#[&9()<%&D)u+*,= ’,+#[‚Uy
<%9#0 q
:,<%(J#S+*,DJd’\;"9<%d—Uy+W+*,+D)"C+H,^+E7,€}<%C"H,F]*S8,<(J*,&(J8,D)wEN"<T<%+D
+*|+D`d!()&WENH,*,&9()"*1#- B*,
UT()*,C UT| W ENH1*,&9()"* £ sM=,9#W$1
*,=,8v"(J*B# ‰ ‘+ES+* ()*<%;+D ‰ „"*,D`dDJD)#d+"H UT,',q o 9<I,$*BH,Fu 9<
+E 9<!#I+E &+H,*()*1CFIH,D`()81D)()&9(J‚d1s[(J*,#(J=,c,$()*<%;+D ‰ y()#9;+*
"<I!=,=>az,H1‘=1q 9#*>R I9D)D/d""H ,
UtFM+*d 9<!#\"*,—,+#0 (`E su+*1=
's^+<]"8,8v"#%(J‘#%()C"*>ag,*d""H!*1‡U |Y1<c+<%M+*!=,=*BH,Fu 9<
+E q 9<!#9a+*,=X(`EV19dX+<‘,M#+F]c#%()C"*aUy$|;"—* 9;+* q *BH,FIq v<+E
<%9#0 s
"H,&Q,R…#T1"<%F
ˆ'R3#c<%d X+8,8,D`d ,}<C+H,Fc9*M8,<%()*,&9()8,DJ’&"*,&9<'D`d"0 }Fc9DJd"a„D)9R…#
<%d—]~,*,=,
U Fc+*d 9<!# &"H1*B()*,C]FIH,D`(J8,D)(J&(J‚d1syEG18v"DJd!*,+Fc()+D
x s £ x x
wDJ()[()*,#%()=,S,q ^&9()<&9D) x £ !0 :,(J#V{BH,()*(J&}8v"DJd!*,+Fc()+D
H,q <%*,#M"Hcr Xvr ¢H,*,#%"DJ;+1D)’dl<+=,()&+D)#9ayUT,(J&Qq F]+*,#‘,cd+"H &+*>R UT<(JY+*d—+E(J#:<!+#:(J*$<%Fc#T+E71Y+<(`,F]9()&w"8v<(J"*,# a !a a a
+*,=’#{BH|+<%<%#a1&H,v<%#a19&06s0
r Œ
? XV&+*\8|+<+F]99<( y,()#&(J<&DJy+*,&T+*(`‚&9D)!&QUT()#y+# xu£ 0z¥(J*,& |+#V*,u8 "DJ#9a1^+<C+H,Fc9*V8,<%()*,&9()8,DJSD)DJ#„#„| „1w*BH,FIv<V+E <%9#
()*,#%()=,},()#:&9()<%&D)}()#:{BH|D>\,Y*BH,FIv<:E()F]#„,Y&H,<ƒ;"^ C"(`;"9*Wd
 "s £ ! ! "‰ UT()*,=,#S+*(`‚&9D)!&QUT()q #Y<"H,*1=’,r Y"<(JC"r()*0
? ˆ'R3#:~|<#ƒ[DJ+$:,Y<D)9=’&H,<ƒ;"Y C"(`;"*’d
 +s £ ! ‰ f
:,()#S&H,<ƒ;"u<;"9<#%#w1qD)+<C"Y&9()<&9D) x £ "‘~,;+(JFc9#S+*(`L&DJ&QUT()#%+a
+*,=’#‘UT()*,=1#[<"H,*1=W,Y"<(JC"()*M~1;"Y()F]#90
? :,Y"<(JC"()*|D&H1<%;"Y ()#VE +(J<DJdc&DJ"#^‘ |(J*$E +&9a,EN"<T+*d !a,U„€|;"
 +s  +s f
q Πq
? ](J#SFuH,&Q¢#%FM+DJD)9<„|*¢!0 @ *H1(J(`;"9DJd"a|#%()*,&9€ C"9#S+<"H1*,=W,€"<(JC"()*
~,;"()F]#c+*,=  #%d#$;+<ƒd &DJ"#X a:Uy'8 9&9— +D)#%XUT()*1=
+<"H1*,=],S"<(JC"()*\~,;+S()F]#aUT,(J&QcUy"H,DJ=c(JFc8,D`du| x x S|+#z~,;+
<%9#T()*,#%()=, x £ 0z}*1=W,()#VH,<*,#T"HS‘ Y&+<<9&90 r r
? }*,+,<IU„d +ES#
d!(J*,C,(J#I()#| x +*,= x x —|;+$,—#+Fc
*!H1FI 9<—+E 9<!#’()*1#()=11&()<%&DJ x £ aSvr &H,r #,<%<"< x '‚U„9* x *,= x x \()#w+DJU„d#^FuH,&Q #Fc+D)DJ<S()*Fc+C"*,(`H,=,€|r *
,^ENH,*,&'(J"* x "*—r ,Y&r ()<%&DJ x £ !0
? "<cC"*1<D)DJd+aG(`E„ +s'‰ ]*,=X ‰ " ‘+<%c‚Uy&DJ"#9=
&"*+H,<#T#H1&Q, q
 "s  "s  +s EN"<I+DJD azUy$'8vq &9\Œ  q UT()*,= <q "H,*1= ,$+<()C+()*,$#+Fc
*!H1FI 9<—+EY(JFc9#c,— =,9#0 :,()#$(J#—+DJ# <%H,+a[+*,= (J#$#"F]9()F]#
!*1‡UT*’#y1 ƒU„+D)B(J*,C,}=,+C u1"<%FWa1+#/,[8,()&'H,<%}=,9Fc+*,#%<#
.
f(z)
g(z)
g(z)
f(z)
0
?  cF "<%^<(JC""<+H,#V;"9<#(J"*W+E,€+v‡;+Y=,()#%&H,#%#()+*(J#
? g9 ‘$#%()F]8,D)&D)+#=+*(`‚&9D)!&QUT()#&"*"H,<a
+*,=’D)' +*,= MvwENH,*,&'(J"*,#VUT,(J&Q¢+<%Y+*|+D`dB()&["*W+*,=’()*1#()=1 0 @ E7Uy
|;"
x s x s x s EN"<T+D)D x
za1,* +*,= Mq |;+Œ €,q Y#+F]Y*!q H1FI 9<T+E <%9#S(J*,#(J=, z0
? XY#,+D)D>81<
;"Y,(J#:d—D)'(J*,CI1€DJ+#%+H1S]DJ(J%D)[,(J:[\()F]+0
? X<%(J x s £ x s x s'av#c| x s £ x s x s0 x sS<%8,<%#9*#
, %DJ+q#% ,,*,q ^|Œ q x s x s q EN"<TD)D q x "r * zq 0 q
q
5 q
? i+<:9;"9<%dW "a|&+*,#(J=,<V,Y'8,<9##%()"*
s £ j xx ss x x s s x f
q r q n
q
¥()*,&9 x s x s +*1= ¤ +qaiUyur #%Yq | x s x sT(J#S*19;"9<
<% "* q zaS+*,= #q ,()#c()*9C"<+D[()#]U„9D)D`L=,9~,*,=>0  q #%r()F]()D)+<]q +<C"H1Fc9*B
#,
UT#w, sS(J#}&+*B()*BH,"H1#Y+*,=|#w*,—#(J*,C"H,D)+<(`(J#:EN"<w "0
yd¢,\}<%C"H,F]*Y8,<(J*,&(J8,D)a1()#w181<#%#(J"*(J#^{BH|+D—,\*BH,Fu 9<^+E
<%9#+E x s q x sG()*1#()=1 0 @ *c8|<%(J&H,D)+<a sG(J#+DJU„d!#y*c(J*BC"9<0
? ¥()*,&9 sGq (J#z+r D`UVd!q #/+*‘()*9C"<9aB+*,= s(J#z&"*q ()*BH,"H,#(J* a"1()#zF]+*,#
| q s £ ‡s (JE "s £ ‡sa ,*q ,I()*<F]=1(–€;+DJH,,"<%F
EN"<&9
# q sYq Q+q ’*,"q *L()*9C"q <u;+DJH,#IEN+<\#"F] '‚U„9*l*,= ‡s'0
:!H1# qx sY+*,= x s x sY|;"c,M#+F]c*BH,FIv<€+E <%9#u(J*,#(J=, z0
¥()*,&9 q x s x s q £ r x s'q a,Uy+R3<€=,"*,0
q r q
q
?A@ * 8,<&9(J&a O "H1&Q,+R3#M1"<%F +D)DJ‡UT#‘H,#cUy"<%P"HM1¢*BH,FIv<c+E
<%9#V| TI&"F]8,DJ()& =cENH,*,&9()"* ¢,+#:()*,#%()=,}I&"*"H,< za,8,<%‡;!(J=,()*,C
|}U„‘&*&&H1<DJd+8,8,<%1(JFM x s}d —FIH,&Q #(JFc81D)<SENH,*,&'()+*
x sVUT(JB*,
UT* 9<!#0 *,9<+DJDJd+a,cq ~,*,= $Uyu8,(J&Q’"H1S,Y9<F]#}()*
UT1()&Q+<
%,(JC"C"9#% \+* z0
q
? i +<S(J*,#%+*,&9+ai#H,818 "#%UyU„+*}]~|*1="H1S,
U Fc+*d <%9#[E x s £
x
x +<c()*,#%()=,‘,c&(J<&DJ x £ "0 ^*,c&()<%&DJ x £ +q a1
<%FŒ x r |#IFMC"*,(JH,=,"az,M<%F x |+#uFM+C+*,(JH,=, a+*,= ¢|#
FM+C+*,(JH,=,‘
10V:BH,#[,c
‘<%F =1"Fc(J*|#S+D)D>,€+,9<#9a>+*,=WU„#'
x s £ 0ŽXY&Q,9&Q’|
q
x s x s £ x x £ x s EN"</+D)D x £ "a!q #€Œ d O q "H1&Q,+R3#y,Œ "<%F ,[r *BH,Fu 9<y+E 9q <!#/+E —()*,#%()=,
x £ —()#I9{!H,+D„|\E v0 „H‘#()*1& x s £ 1a &DJ+<%DJd|+#\*1
<%9#S+*d!UT1<0„:BH,# +D)#%],+#T*, <%9#[q (J*—,Y=,(J# x "0
? ¥"F]9(JFc9#^,9<M(J#*1¢&DJ+<YU„
d +8,81DJd O "H,&Q,R…#u,+<FW0 |"<€()*
#%Q*,&a,(J„()#V=,(`_]&H,D`„U„"<%M"H:,
UFc+*d <%9#:+E x s £x x D)()]()*1#()=1M,MH,*,(JI&()<%&DJ x £ "azv&+H,#—,<%—()#u*1q &D)+<I&+*,r =,(J=|r EN" < x s'0 S#%()*,C"DJ$9<F x a x aw"ay"<‘&"FI1()*|()"* E}9<F]#c#%H,&Q‹+#
x x q |+#zq ,[+,(JD)(`‚du+D`UVd!#/=,"F]()*|V,S<9FM()*,=,9<Qs0 @ *M#%H,&QM&+#9#
#"F]r 9()F]#T,"*,DJd’<%&9"H,<#%I()#TMH,#€,}<C+H,Fc9*w8,<%()*,&9()8,DJ€=1()<9&9DJd
+*,= <+&M"H1I,$#,+8 M+E 7s&&H1<DJd*1"H,C" =,9<F]()*1c1
UT()*,=,(J*,C*BH,FIv<u+E 7su+<%"H,q *,= ,$"<%()C"(J*>0 @ * ,()#&+#% 7s€H,<*1#
"H1:\UT(J*,=W‚UT(J&€+<%"H,q *,=’,Y"<%()C"(J*>a!#‘U„Y|;"q Y‚Uy 9<!#s'0 q
?PO "H1&Q,+R3#$,9"<9F &+* "*1DJdA ¢=,()<%&9DJdP+8,81D)()9=P &"H1*B <%9#$()* "H1*,=,==1"FM()*>0:+R3D)D7#\1‡U $&+H,* 9<!#w(J*+*H,*Bv"H,*,=1==,
FM+(J* 0…C10€~|C+H,<\"HY,
U Fc+*d <%9#€DJ()()*¢,I~|<#ƒY{BH|+=,<+*swD–<
"*>0 q
:,YENH,*,=,+Fc9*Q+D,+<F EG[D)C"9,<\<';!()#(`9=>0
? XY&**,
UC"(J;+Y]=,( 9<9*BT81<!+EGE
? ;"9<%d8v"DJd!*,+Fc()+Dg+E/=,C+< |+#T'1+&'DJd <%# &9"H,*(J*,C‘FIH,D`()81D)()&9(J‚d1s'0
? g9R3#:UT<(`Y"H,q <:8v"DJd!*,+Fc()+D#
£ +x x x s fff m
UT,<% £ 1077[&9"q H,*,/*!H1FIr 9<E <!r #9a+Uy/r ~|<%#%&"H1*B71/*BH,Fu 9<
+E <%9#S(J*,#(J=,Y‘D–+<%C"w&(J<&9D) x £ ¡ +*1=’,*D)'T¡ C"‘ ]()*1~|*1(J‚d"0
£ +x a,+*,=W&D–()F |
? X€+8,81<()Fc x sVd x s q q x s x s x s q
EN"<T+D)D x £ ¡Ia1(JEG¡ (J#:,()C‘q *1"H,Œ C">0 q
? ‘#9€,()#9a1~|<%#%[*,+w| x s £ ¡ 0z[D)#%,a
x s x s q £ x fff m q Œ q ¡ fff r m f r
¥()*,&9
r r
¡ f ff m ]+#T¡ Š
r ¡ r
U„Y#9€|:UyFuH,#%S9;+*H,+D)D`d—|;"
¡ fff m ¡ (JE¡ (J#:,()C\9*,"H,C"aiUT1()&QW8,<
;"9r #S,Yr &D)+()FW0
? :,()#7Fc+*,#ˆ| ‘+*,= Y|;"y,/#+F]y*BH,Fu 9<G+E <%9#G(J*,#(J=, x £ ¡I0
„H1 W&DJ+<%DJdW|+# <%9#Y xM£ —+*,=*,—,9< 9<!#0u¥ x s[|#
<!#c()*,#%()=,—,&9()<%&D) x £ ¡ UT1*‹¡ (J#cD)+<C+W9*,"H,C+>0 gq 9()*,C
¡ Š UyC+9:1€<%#%H,DJ0
? }*,+,</UVdc+E>,()*,B(J*,CI+v"H1/1()#„<%#%H,DJy()#„+#yEN"DJD)
UT#0 |"</,}#++}+E
+<C"H1Fc9*BaiD)9R…#S#H18,8 +#u| |+#[c&9"*,#ƒQ+*}<%Fai#c| s £ 10
7€,+*,=,DJT,T&+#% x s £ a"U„S&"H1D)= %H,#%E +&'"<z+H1/8 Uy<#/+Eq x H1*B()D
=1()=’|;"\&"*,#ƒQ+*S9<FMs'0
q
q
? ˆ' • v’,W&(J<&DJ x £ ¡I0A ,*l¡ ()#‘<+D)D`d D)+<C"a x sI()#\;+<%d
&D)+#T x s'a! # • sŽ()#;"9<%d]&DJ"#T • s'aBUT,()&Qc()#/D)+<C"q :&9()<%&D) +E
<+=,(JH,# q ¡ s^<q ;"9<#%= (JFc9#*B(`L&D)q !&QUT()#%+0M¥ • sw(J#€(J*,(J(–+q DJDJd
U„"H1*,=¢<"H,*1=W,Y"<(JC"()* ()F]#0
q
? [
U D)'R3#DJ9G¡ #,<%()*,€+DJD",/UVd€ <%,0G:,(J#G&9"*<&9# • D)D,/UVd
\€#()*1C"D)S8 +()* ,}"<(JC"()*cs'a!# • sFIH1#%T+DJ#&"*<+&9y\#()*1C"D)
8 "(J* s0y¥()*,&9 q s £ 1a,,(J#TFc+q *,#:| • sVFIH,#%S';"*H|+D)D`d’ ++D)D`dcH1q *BUy"H,*1=¢EN<"q F ,Y"<%()C"(J*—+#S¡ 10 q
? :,Y"*,DJd]U„
dM,(J#:&+*’|+818 9*(J#V(JE • s„8|##9#S,<+H,C"—,^+<()C+()*—
D)#% (JFc9#^ 'EN"<‘¡ C"!#w <1aq #%()*,&9Id""H*,9=,‘&H,<ƒ;"‘’8|+#%#
,<%"H,C"—1€+<()C+()*—"*,&9^‘<9=,H,&Y1YUT(J*,=,(J*,C‘*!H1FI 9<TBd$"*,+0
f(C )
5
f(0)
f(C )
3
f(C 1 )
? :,()#\#%,
UT#c, |+#]‘D)+#% <!#90‹&+*>R ]|;"’Fc+<$,+* <%9#a,#%()*,&9w(Jy()#„I8 +DJd!*,"F](–+D|Eˆ=,C"<% +*,=$#%\&+*—"*1DJd] [E +&9"<9=
()*]TF]"#% E +&'"<%#0z:BH,# |+#T'1+&'DJd <%#0
!