LAB | IDEAL GAS LAW
Name: _________________________________
Class: ____________ Date: ________________
PRE-LAB QUESTIONS
1) What is the ideal gas law? What value does each symbol represent and what are the correct units
for this law?
2) Rearrange the ideal gas law algebraically to determine the quantity of moles of a gas. Show your
steps.
3) Effervescent tablets contain citric acid, C6H8O7, and sodium bicarbonate. When placed in excess
water, the two compounds react to produce sodium citrate, Na3C6H5O7, and carbonic acid, H2CO3,
as indicated in the reaction below.
C6H8O7 (aq) + 3 NaHCO3 (aq)  Na3C6H5O7 (aq) + 3 H2CO3 (aq)
The carbonic acid then decomposes to produce carbon dioxide and water. Write and balance the
equation for this decomposition reaction below.
4) According to the label, each effervescent tablet contains 1000. mg of citric acid and 1916 mg of
sodium bicarbonate. If you dissolve 3 effervescent tablets in excess water, determine the theoretical
yield in moles of carbonic acid, then use that amount to determine the theoretical yield in grams of
carbon dioxide gas. Show your work below.
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LAB | IDEAL GAS LAW
Name: _________________________________
EXPERIMENT PROCEDURE
You will be provided with the following materials:
-
3 effervescent tablets
1 balloon
1 glass beaker
1 metric ruler
With your lab partner, decide how you will use the above materials to design an experiment that will allow
you to determine the amount of carbon dioxide produced from the dissolution of 3 effervescent tablets in
water. Include steps for collecting all values you will need to perform any calculations.
consider: ideal gas law, units of measure
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LAB | IDEAL GAS LAW
Name: _________________________________
DATA COLLECTION
Record all collected data in the table below.
amount of solute
amount of solvent
circumference
solute:
solvent:
unit:
unit:
unit:
DATA ANALYSIS
Calculate the volume of the balloon to determine the volume of the carbon dioxide produced. Use the
following equations to assist you. Show your work below.
circumference of a circle = 2πr
volume of a sphere = (4/3)πr3
Fill in the table below. Show all work below.
useful conversions:
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 cm3 = 1 mL
ºC = (ºF – 32) x (5/9)
P (pressure)
V (volume)
R (ideal gas constant)
T (temperature)
unit:
unit:
unit:
unit:
Use the ideal gas law to determine the number of grams of carbon dioxide produced during the experiment.
Show your work below.
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LAB | IDEAL GAS LAW
Name: _________________________________
Determine the percent yield of carbon dioxide gas. Show your work below.
percent yield = ( actual yield / theoretical yield ) x 100
Based on your results, calculate the average amount of limiting reactant in each tablet.
CONCLUSION
1) What sources of error do you think are present in this experiment?
2) If you were to run this experiment again, what would you have changed about your experimental
design to increase the accuracy of your results? How would these changes help?
3) Explain why the balloon inflates using your knowledge of kinetic molecular theory and gas laws.
Without increasing the number of effervescent tablets reacted, what could you have changed about
the experiment in order to cause the balloon to inflate to a greater volume?
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