•1. II. But
\~TEl,
Ham:-.t•!'\ 11.
lllll)
tlw Princ·t•:i • .Xt·.
[XXX\'11. Ba11d .
Ramses II. and the Princes in the Karnak Reliefs of Seti I.
BY .l.nn:s
IIEXHY BHEASTEI>.
Fig. 1.
It
j, Oil!' of tlw wt>ll known tit<"ls of the reign of' S<>ti I .. that his rt>liPfs on
tl11• north wnll of thr grpnt. hypostyk hnll nt Knrnnk. l'l'}'l'PsPnt Ramses ll. as
prine<·. ac·c·ompnnying his fathc•r in lmttiP.
This rPiit>f togetllf'r with thP statP-
lll<'llts eotw<>rnin!r H11msps' ~·onth in th<> grt>at Ahydos inscription and thP
Knl>b:in s!Pin, hnn• lee! to tlw c·nnclnsion that lw assnmed important tlntiPs
of stntP awl was d••stint>d ten· thP thronP at a I'Pry t>arl~· 11g<'. The Knrnak
r<·Jipf in 'JIIPstion has :dso IH•Pn r••gardPd as PvidPnce that the r<>ign of Seti I.
w:ts 11 short otw. 1>ee:JusP if Hams<'s cam<> to the throne YPry young, hut was
n•·v••rthelPss old Pll<lll!th to lw in 11 hatt!P of S<>ti's first ~·par. SPti coul<l not
h:1 ,... r<'i.!rtlf'd l'<'ry long aftc•rw:u·d. Thns :\hsPERO (Ilist. II, :!87 n. ii) says:
•I hac] at first snppospd his reign (::;<>ti's) to han• lwt'n a long one merely on
tlw <·vid .. ne<' nfl'onlPd ],y ~l:mPthr)s lists, but thP ]li'PSPIH'<' of Rnmses II. as
a stl'ipling in thP
•·nmp:~i.Q'n
of'
~Pti's
lst yenr for<'Ps ns to limit its flurntion, &c.•
Th•· otdy <latP in tlu··''' rPliPf's of' SPti is tiH• ·~·e:~r I "• which occurs twice:
bt ill tlw IPXt IH•}OJI,U"ing to thP captlll'f'
l'JkJn(n/ 1 ); 2nd in the return from
or
1
1
('JLDIP ..
:\ot. dr•.•wr. Kt)
('u.ntl' .. .:\Jon. 2!10 1
Ho.,., ?lion. star. IS 2 = LD. I26a.
1-'ig.-J.
<
L Spr.• XXXYJI. llanJ.
Zeits('hr. f. Agyp
1~99.
.1. 11. Bna,:A . . nm: Ramscs IJ. and the Prinrt•s, S.:.r.
lXXX\"11. llan<l.
th<" -anJt· •..:.yrian eamp:1ig-n 1). ~ow Ramsps app<:>ars in th<:> Libyan campaign
"·itlwut nny <latt•"l: :m<l it might bt' <JUP~timwd whether this eampaign wns
abn in the nyear I • 3 ). But in the seene') of the presentation of the Libyan
prboner' to .Amon. W<' tin<! thP,l' wor<ls:
~ c;;\:~o~~~
n"R-;, =""~
1
~~
--
'~ :.~LI "=-- ~ :-7'~
~H~~
~~2~:fl~ ~
~~=')
,.JI,. has dPsolated Rtnu·: h<:> has slain th<:>ir rhiefo.;, t'ausing thP cmw to
say: ·Set> this!
lie is lih a tlanw wlwn it goes forth and no wat€'r is
ln·ought'.• StniHC:el~· enough th<:> peopl<:> oYer whom this t<:>xt appears arP Libyans,
a11<l om• is inelinPd to think that th<:> artist has simply put ovPr thPm a fpw
eonn•ntional phms"' which "·e <Ire not to eonstrn<:> too liternlly. Such phras<:>s
might l><• put OY<:>r tlH· Libyans at any tim<:> aftpr thP Syrian eampaign. It therP·
for<' remains llliCPrtain wh<:>th<:>r th<:> campaign in which prim·<:> Ramses is representl'd a.o.; participating took place in tlw ")'Pnr 1 • .
.A further f'Xalllination
thf' print•es in the"' rPJi<:>f.o.; l'l'\·ea)s SOlllP CUrious
an<! important facts to whirh. I h<:>liPw attention ha.o.; n<'\'Pl' h.ePn call<:>d. At
th<> Pxtreme right (west) PIHl of tlw rPli<:>is in thP speotHI s~Prw') of the Lihy;rn
"·ar is the famous figur<:> of S<:>ti I. with nplif'tPtl sp<:>nr. lighting on foot nnd
hurling hnrkwnrd the Lih~·nn chief (se<:> photograph, tig-. I). Bt>himl this ellief
stan< I, nn Egyptian prince (fig. 2, brokf'n lin<'s) fi~ring tO\\·anl the )pft an<l
w:~tchiug or possil1ly taking part in the <'ontlirt.
BPhind Seti stands prince
R:~m'"' (fig. :l, •lottl'<l linp,;) facing toward tl1e right an<l likPwi><<:> '"atching the
<'l)ntlid.
Fk. 2 e:mnot nlso lw HnmsPs for hP eonlu not npp<:>nr twi<'•· in the
or
Lll. l:!Ha. II
f'HAliP •• :\lou. :!9:!- Hos ...\Ion. stor. ~ll-1"11
Dnl·(,:-.t·u. Ht•c. lXr/- 4\ln. b = BrnTox. Ex<·. hie1·o~. :~t).
2 ) :\t a Clm·-irlPrable distance on the other (wPst) side of tlw dom·.
3) .\lF:YF.R r·en1·lwd thi~ conclusion, lwc:mse of the )ll'f'~I'IH't' of Hnmse:.... in tht• hnttl1• with
tJw J.ibynn'; fiJI' l1e S(waks of a l'ampaig:n n<len er (·~t'ti), wie I'S ~wheint. in scinen :-;piitCII Jnhrcn
!..!:t'~t·n dt·JI liby~clwn :--ilamm der Tebf'nn we:....tlich nm .Xgypteu ansf'Uhrte uml :mf dem ilm sein
juiJ~I'l' :--~dill H:wl:-if'"i hegiPitel h:tt .. (tlf•sch. ::?S-I-:?."\5).
~o also \\.iEI>t::HA:"'::'\'. GPsch. -IlK.
'*'1 ("nA'll'., :\ot. dPSIT. 100-101 = f'nA'II' .• :\Ion. ~~1!1
Bos., )loll. !-ltor. 5ti- llRl'GSCll,
=
Hto~.
17a.l,_ c. rl- l~t7. !,,
6
)
~)
TIH·
:1 t'OII:ttion of :til thP publications, no one of which is l'OITPCt.
:"'ot. de:-.cr. 9~-~~~~i f'nA~IP •• ~Ion. :!!17 '2; Hos., .:\Jon. slur. :>-1 :!.
tc>"Xt j,
('uA)lP .•
11>!19.]
sanw S<'!'JW.
.1. II. Har-:.,sTEn: Ham:-;.es 11. ;:md th1' P1·incrs . .\:t·.
It s aeeompanpng
..
. . l).ts as fll
mser1pt10n
o 01rs:
=11,._'
~
:}.:,"', ,,<>-=-!@i§ii!@j
q ~~~~
• Prine<'. first J.o,Jily son of thP king .......... , in wlti<·h unf(JrtunntPly th<•
nanw is wanting; wlu•r<• it ('OUI<I ha\'P stood hpfore its dbnpp<':II':Jll<'P is n
qm·stion, for thP skil·t of t],.. prim•p pr~jPl'ts uwler the tit IPs. nnd t],.. u:mu•
must thPrPfOrP havp bPPll puslwd to the ld't, untlPr tlw Lih~·:u1 ehi<'f''s p]hnw").
Tlw historknl l'OU!'Iusion. herP is important: thr ~
3:r' R of s..ti I. wns not his
surcessor Ramsl's, thnt is. that H:tmses II. had nu older hrothe1·, who did uot
rraeh tlH• thronE>. This eondusion hns also heen rra<·hed lmt not <lPmonstrntl'<l
h~·
3
\\.IEDEMAN:s ),
tor lw hy no nwaus pron·d thnt the
~~
ll wns
not Hamses,
bnt merely aSSUJ11cd his i<lentit~' with anothl'r priucp on this wall (fig-. J), who
is ePrtainly not Rmnses.
Bnt a furthe1· l'xaminatiou of this figure diselosps a f:u·t whieh wns ovPrlooked b~' \\'JEnEMANli, viz.: that this figlll'P of Ramsps' Pldl'r hrothl'r (fig. 2)
is not origiual and <loes uot belong where it stan<ls.
ThP first glnue<e shows
tlmt thP contracted ~paee hl'tween thP ehnriot whet>! (hdonging to thP n<'xt
seen<' to the right) and th<' IPg of the falling Libyan is too narrow tor :111otlwr ii,!('urP, nnd tl1P artist has barely hePn able to squ<'f'Zf' the prin<'<' in.
Tlms ht> is ns mueh in one sePJH' as thP other, an nnomalons arrang<·nwut! 1-TP
stnn<ls with f.1n upraised in his right lmml as if to smite tlw fiJ!Iing Libyan.
It is tlif'fieult to say
ThP fan runs <lirt>etl~· across tlte vt>rtieal linP of text!
where the right nrm is; it seems to hnw hePn mise<l :m<l it may IH• tlmt ht>
11·as st>izing his thther's toe, as hb father is doing.
Passing through tlu· filll,
thP large• column of text l'Xten<ls down through thf' ]Hiner's hf'a<l awl hod~·!
In his lwn<l is rnffiffi »Troglo<lytes«' continuing the sentPilCP ;tiHn·e: »who 1\>lls
=,
his ('Jl<'l11iPs, who smitl's the Troglodytl's«; tllf'n
the l'f'lllains of 1:":5 in
0 0 " X 1:":5 -~" sic! whieh follows tlw same contl'xt !'ls!'Whf'rf' on this wall • ) :
0
C>C>·~~
~ o_}(
~ ~-·),
. ot. f'Olll'sP tIP
I rl'IIIII:lllt o f'
1111<1 fi- nn II ~· at t I H' I outtom ~
• Lihyn •, ag:tinst whi<·h tl1is ('lllllJmign w:ts <lirPcte<l.
LJ:g () ~
J( ~
1
It is dc•ar th<'l'Pfor<• thnt
1)
It is \'t'I"Y faint and hn~ lwen o\'Prlook('d in f'HA:'IIP •• -"lon. 2!l7 :!. :uul in Hos .• .\Ion . .stm·.
54 2; the only publie:1tiou contnining it is ('uAi'IP •• ~ot. llt>sc"J'. !HI.
En•ry :-;i~u b IJ'tlt'Pahll• in th<'
photO~raph from whi(•h
fig-. I was madt>.
2) Tlwre is now 110 tl'rtC'P of it th1•n•. owiu~ to :1
1:11',!{1' (j.,.~lll'e i11 tlw stollt' (~Pe fi~. I).
I am uufm·tuu:Ht:>ly ohli~Pd to WOI'k fl'OIII plwtog-l'aphs :Js ] rli1l not stuJy tlu':-.c> r·c>lit•fs wlu•n :tt
(\arnah:, and the fig'UJ't':;) of tilt>. prinCt'S lll'e fill\\' near•Jy 1:0\'t'J'('d with l]e!Jl'is ag:till.
3) ;\. \\·,r.ra::IIA:-.-". :\ Foi'!.!,01tt_•n P1·inrP, P~H.\. XII. ;!:,x
:!l:l.
4 ) CnA:O.It> .. ))on. :!!1·1. insniptiou o,.,.,. tilt> king-.
.!.) TlrPse lnst sip;11~ (I'XI't>}Jt """"""") 31'1' so plflin that dll'y Wl'l't~ st>Pn awl t'OJiif'cl by HosEI.I.INI,
hut in his puhiiC'atiou (.:\lon. slot'.;, I,:!) tlwy nn~ pl;~t•ed so f:n· to the lf•ft of the l'ol11mn allfl\'e
tlmt it is impos~ihlc to Cllllfll'<'t tlw two. It is :d~o rwtiC'I'ahle in the ur·iginal. tlwt tl11~ colmnn
above wns nd1led nfkl' the figun· of tlu• f.i\,ynn had ht'PII ~ki'U'lu·d, fu1· hi:-. lmnd jll'c~jt•et" into
the rolnmn. the two
~ ~ lmn~ lu~f'n
plarPcl on.
Olll'
~ddt•
to
i1\·oi1l
it, and tlu• ]Pft lwnd line of the
column ha.s he..-n (':ll'Pfnlly -"tOpfH'd 011 •·cwh ~jd,~ .iu-"t l11•!'or·r J'Pa('hill;.! tlw lmncL
•1. It.
BREASTED:
Ramse!'o II. am) tlw
PJ·iu<'<~:-;.
&r.
[XXX\'11. Band .
nt som<' tim<' after ~l'ti had complete<! thest> reliefs his e!tkst Ron had himsp)f
in~ert•·•l h£>r<'. ns taking- pnrt in :"£>ti's Lihyau <'ampa.ign.
It is t•lenr also that
,onw ow• ,],'siretl his rl'moval. lor his figure has !wen rudely chiseleu away.
l"n.,)ll'OLLin~ speaks of him (Not. <Ieser. II, !1!1) as n •prinee martel~ et surehara-e nYI'e 11/>hris <1£> lcgendl'•: (his titlPs follow), showing that also hiR
necompanying- inscription hns hN•n hmnmerecl out'). ThE' p••rsnn to whom the
fig-ure of tht• <'ldt•st son wouiU h<' most nnwPicnnw mul who would theretort•
he most tlesirons to remove it. is of course the other prince in the same
scenP. Rnmses. \\' e are cl'rtainly correct. in attributing tht• mutilation to ltim.
)Joreon•r it is quite eertain that he did this in order to hnYI' tlw figure of
Mm.<elf insertetl in the same sc!'ne, tor his own figure (fig.:~, dotteu lines) is
not original to this S<'l'ne.
In the first plaeP we notice in fig. 3, as in fig. :2, thE' narrowness of the spacE'
into which the prince's fignre has been squeezecl, so that his l<'ft foot. paRSeR
through the feather of the till! en Libyan, whom Seti is trampling, nnd his lt•ft
hand collideR with the other feather. FurthPr, we again notice a column of text
extending down through the prince's head into his Lotly: ~ 2 ) (with rPmain's of
nu nneertain sign hefor<' it) in the head ant! ?~ 3 ) in th<' hotly. Ramses stantls
with right han< I raisf'<i palm outward as usunl in salutntiou, ant! Pnrrying his lim
Hrtically before him in the left hand. A joint. in tlw masonry has oblit<>ratetl
shoulders 111111 faee. The accompanying t<'xt, as \\'IEDEMANN noticed. is partly
in one SPent' and partly in thl' next.
It is as follows:
Ir~f~r~~
~~~mr1~ ·Prince, bodily son of tlw king, erownprince. his belov•·•l.
Rams!'su. Th£> historil'al conclnsiOilS to hP tlPrh"t•d froll) this tPxt will he
takPn up later.
A cloRer inspe<'tion nf Ramses' figure showR that in hnving lJilllst>lf insertPtl hPrP, he at the snmP time improvPd the opportunity to Pll'acf' another
figure. which \\'<' will call X, over which his own hns been cut. Tht• motiY<'S
11 _-\hon! his heac.l is a horizontal line drawn llh·ectly :wi'Oss the m•ig·inill f'Oiuum of tPxt.
Below and parallt·l to it. was <louhtl•·~s anothet• line, now lost in th•~ joint nf the IIJ:J~om·y. Bel\\'et-'n tlu~se two lin<•s \\':ts a line of t(•xl. of whil'l1 slig-ht tJ·aees :tl'f-'. vhdhlf-' in the photogJ·aph
P'i:teuding on f"ach :-;icle of the featl1•~•· and also :u•t•oss the ori;dnnl rolmun of h•'{t! \Yhat this
lf'xt ,·ontain£~d nnd what may J,e it.s relation to tlw pl"inrt·"s fip;m·e 1 am nnilhle to con,jt>('tlll'l',
.\u Pxalllination of the fll·iginal wall would doubtless throw .sonu~ lig,ltt 011 tlu• qtH'l'tion.
2
1 :\ftt>r mnkinA: the !-ikPtclws for this artit•Je. I notil'f' that \\.. IF.nF.:\1.\SS remarks (P~BA. XII,
2fJ!t) n~~:mling Ham~e~' ligurc: .. his lw;ul ilol d1·awn tlu·ou;.th au llit•J·o;.tlyph of' the st>parnting liiH',
:tnd tlw \'e1·~· small :--i~ns of lti:-o. uauw :u·e partly engr:n-ed in mw. pm·tly iu the set•oud iurident,
tt.!-> if the ti.:.rure liad lu_·eu only insertt•d at a later time in the ;1h·end~· finislwd has·z·t~lief ... His t'\'idt•nre
wn~ n·g;u·tl,·rl ns unconelnsi\'c f01· 114~ stt~tes further: .,Jt is ,Joubtf'ul if Hamses nlso assish•d ... (in
t)li" I~IIIJiili~ll).
3 ) Tlwse si.~ns nr1:' ~o t•lt>:u· that tht•y Wt'l''~ copit>(l by Hosin.LJ:-.1. hut in his publication
OltJO, stot·. ;,-t, 21 lw has shiftPd thP ('Olumn ahove too far to tht' rig·ht. If w·u:nF.!IIANN hnc1noti<'t>d
tlwlll. thf•y WOIIld han~ ~Pttlt~d Ids uc1ouhtful .. (';)S(' fur him.
.1. 11.
IS!I\1.1
HRF:.-\STF:n:
Uanhl's
II. :uul 1lw
Pl'iru·~·s. ~c.
for this ~Peon<l l'llaePm<•nt nrl' nmlouhtedl~· the sanw as for the first, nnd :X
wns thPn•furP Rnmsps' <'hler brothl'r. But. us thl" <'hiPr ltrotlwr lms ah·l'utly
h<'Pn once <'il"ll!'l'd in this srPne, W<' should PX}>Pl't tlmt this sPeon<l oet'IIITPil<"P
of his fi.g-ure helon~ed to anoth<'r SCPII<', a !Ill sueh is eiParl~· thP c:lsP. U11<le•·
Ramsps' fi.~urP appears n srcoml pnir of fert stri<ling in tlw oppn.,ilt direr·tion
(thP lt•ft; sl'<' broken lin<>~): hf'hind Ram"'' is tlw front point of a skirt; behind
him is a tliird ar111: ncross his figure is n quh·Pr 1) with tlw O)H'ning- to 1/tr lr_j~:
alJOYP him is a tim 2 ), with th<' tip of tlw ti>nthPr llmwd to flu· left'). "\II thPsr
belong of COlJrsl" to th<' figure X (brok<'n lin<'s). facing to the ll'ft. A !'0111parison of :X with fig. 5 shows cl<'nrlr tlwt :X m1s stri<ling in same way nt't<•r
thr chariot lwhin<l which hP k Espt>cinll~· elHlral'teristil' nrP his )pft foot poisP<I
for tlw next step, the arm hnn.a:ing tlown in front nntl the fan O\'Pr the shoultlt•r.
:X therefore belongs to thP scen(' to the lf'ft, represPnting SPti"s trinmphnnt r<'lurn')
fi'Om the Libyan war. ri<ling in his chnriot and •h·i,·ing his prisoners bd"nr<• him').
This is wl1nt WI' shoul<l PXlH'et: lwfor<' Rnmst~s· intPrfPrence thP tignre of his
elder hrotlH•r :q>]W:n·pd oneP in t'a<·h of the two scPnPs: tl11· hrrtt!P with the
Lihyans ami tlw retum. Hamse~ Jn·eferrP<l to figure in till' lmttle and hml ltim~elf
ins<'Jt•·tl faeiug thP rig-ht.
Bnt if tl1e figure of Rams<'s is n latPr iu~ertiou. that of his hrnthPr (:X)
is Pqually so: the latt<'r's tau, <Jninr. nn.J iiHIPPd his who]P tigurP eut. tlireetly
mfo thP original eolumn of tPxt. as thP figm·p of Ham~Ps <lo<>s. X has hml
himsp]f inserted herP. It is thi~ tact which ren<lers cPrtain th(' i<l<•ntity of X
and Scti's eldest son (fig. 2); hoth dPsired to figurP in :"Pti"s Libyan wnr. both
were ·thP ohjl'et of Ramsps' hatr<•<l :u11l hoth ''""~''' .. n·,., ... ,J l>y him.
To !'!'Capitulate, \\"e fhul thus fhr tlu·pe sta.c:es ou this wall:
1. An unintPITU]H<'d column of tPxt on Pnch sicle nf tlw batt!•· st•t•ne:
anti no prinePs in eith<'r it or tlw sC<'IlP of the return.
2. Seti's eldl'st son in~ert~ his own figur<' at tlw right of tlw ktttlP s<'Pll<'
awl at the right of th<' rPturn.
1)
The <!Hin~r w:ts nlwap. <'al"l'ie<l on th1· i<'ft siclc•, with tlw opt'nill!! in fJ'OTJt: lu·nrt• in
thb ca.•ot• ],t>Jong-iug In a. l'"'''~on facing: th£> left. f'f. ti~. I.
2 ) The fan wa~ always )}IJJ'JJ willt tltt> tip of tlu, fe:Hiwr poinlin~ tow:u·d tlu· fr·out. as iu
Raruses• fig-nJ't' and in
Lownrcl
tit~ hP~.dnniug-
li~. :>. ThP hierr~.~lyphiC"
t
j:-;
abo J'P!.!·rdarly tm·rH·d tlw
s;.nnP
wny. ,·iz.
of the text.
3) ThP fec·t mul th<• qniY4'1" were :-.t•t•n an1l roph~ll ~~~· HosF:LLI~J an<l ('nA~IPOJ,J.Jo:o; nml :appt•aJ'
in their puhlication~ {Ho:-.., ~Ion. stor. ;j-J: ('nA:o.n• .. .'\Ion. :!~17 :!). hnt st•f•tn IIJ have> n•mairwd unnoticed sincP. ,\.lwther .'\lr. LF.n:nrRE saw tlli~ tigurf' m· not. I :1111 nualJle lo flpcifit•; his l'I'Jllark..;
fP."'iB.\. XII. 44i) :~dmit only two fi~UI'I's of the ··lder· bJ·ollll'r 011 !his wall. \'iz. tig-.:! and li~. ~~.
a1u.l yet he speaks of a .. suh~titution''• hut without filrtht·r· "xplanation.
") CHAllP .. :\ol. d~SCI'. IJ ft!l~lUU; ('nAm' .. :\Ion. :!~IS: Ho ...... :\Ion. stol'. :.:.; Bun;~~ n. n..,..
des )!on. 45 d. e.
5)
Fi~. 5 is a similal' I'Ptm·n from tl1e ~y1·ian war.
1:\li
[)\SXYII. Band.
:\. l'riiu·.- Hamses Ptlilcl's t!H" tignr" of his t•ldPr lwother in hoth placE's,
lout o\·er that of hi' 111·otl"·r in the r<'lurn set'IH', lw ins<'rts his own figure
"' fildng ns to belong- to th<' hattlP se.<'IH'.
Tht>rl' arP P\"i<kncl'"s of n simila1· insPrtion (fig. -lt at thP top of this samp,
wall. on a tf.w i,nJntPd hlncks at thP kft of thP captmf' of Katlesh 1). HPre
wl' sl'l'" a ti.gnrP (tig. -l. hrohn linPs) with npliftP<I arm likt> that of' Hmnsl's in
th•• l>attk scl'"n<' an<l \\'Paring a quin•r. Bdore this tignrl' nrP t!JP arms of a
eaptin· hound lwhiiul Ids l11wk. showing that the figure follows the king's
elwriot (:Is in fig. ~J). lwhinii whi•·h howewr tlJP l<ing· !Pads n line of' capth·es.
Hnt tl1is tic:nrP b likl'wise n hlter insl'"rtion, for a eolmnn of tPxt l'xtentls down
th1·ongh it nntl tlw lH•:HI of tlw Sy1·inn, who hns talll'n hl'Ill'ath the l'hariot,
pmjl'cts into thP sldrt. It is impossihlf' to <ll'"<'itll' whPther tl1is figurE' is that
of Hamst•s or his hi"OtlH'r.
0
0
Another prin•·p is to lw found in th••sp relit>fs. for to the Pnst (the !ell),
tlw Jpft of th•· c.loor. in th•· fimwus 'eenP of S<'ti"s arrh·al at thE' c:mal on
his rt>tnrn fn>m tlw S~Tinn enmp:1ign of the •yPar 1• 2 ) (fig. 5)'). TherP Sl'l'lllS
to lu• no 'l"''stion of insPrtion hPrP'). Tlw insei·iption abovP is unfortunatt•ly
IIlii Ph mutilnt•·•l.
It. may hr rentlei"t'd ns follows: • Following tlw king at his
going in thl' countriPs of Rtnw, l>y tliP prim·•·, great in pleasing') hy ....... .
rt•al ro~·al "·riht'. his beloved, ........ htHiily son of the king, his hPlO\"Pt!,
[prim~e of Kush] ............ dN·t>a"••l(?)•. This prineP has hePn itll'ntified
J,y \\"u:nDIANN. with Sl'ti's Pit lest ~on in the Lil•ynn hattie scene (fig. 2), hut
it is lliflieult to SP(' 011 wlmt grounds: intiPPd \\'rEDE~IANN does not ·ofl"pr any
hut mt•r,.Jy assi/JIIf'S the h!Pntity. Fortunntl'ly t'nough of' thP titles rrmnins to
011
show tl1at this ]ll'iuce lacb the t!Psignntion
TI •fi1·M•. w]Iich should :l)>llPar hP-
1
)
l'nA:~•r• .. :\Iota. :!!~;jHo .. : .. .:\lo11. stnr·. ,-,:J. hut the~e blocks do not appeal' in nur of the
pnhlicalim1s; hoth fa<"ts and sketrh arf' i"I'Oill a photo~raph.
2
)
t"HA:IIl' •• Xot. desl"r. li !ll-94; <"HA:\11' •• :\lou. 2!t:!: Hus .. :\Ion. f'tOJ". r,0-.11; LD.l2Ha. b;
Bnn.s1·H. Ht>L'. :\Ion. -l~d--l9a. b; BrnTo:'\. l·:xl'. laier. :lti.
3
) It \HIS this tig:m·e whkb sen·ed as a model fol' X in ti.c:. :t
~I I h;ul only one \'t•ry f:u)(•<l phntOATaph of this :;;rerw. and eannot as:-~t>J't tl1is with Cl'l'•
t:tinly. Tlwl'l' is ont• slig·ht inrlicntion ~~ninst lhP a.uthentkity of tlw ti,!.!;lll'e. .\ho\'c it is a line
of ('nplir••"; in eY•·ry l'a .... t~ ou thb wnll. whe1·t~ such <Ill "J'l'er row of ee~pth·t•s appcm·s. l)lt're
b nmleJ· it a ~imilnr lower J'ow (HoJ<> .. )[on. sto1'. 17 :?; ·I~ I; 5:?: .~,;,: 51); f,K twt•ce: ~9; &c.). '\'"e
llli!!llt Sli"'Jl'~l'l tht·t·•·foJ't' that this tig-ure h:ul rt-'phtf'etl tlw lnwer· I'OW of capth·es: hut I t•nn tli:-or-n\'t'l"
!Ill 11'(1('!' or tlli ... in tlu~ photo.~rapll OJ' 011lY of tlw pnblications.
t·l••a ..........
r
fLJ
I
B!!' • . . ,-~~·..,
ID' r~ fLJ ~ ..,. r~ fl]~ ~
•·xnu1pi1·~
tlt:11 i ... :
(\\PB ..
~uppl.
plt•:~:-.in!!" },~·
me:ms ,.pJea.<e··
)(117. IOI!J) it is also foiJm,·f"d l1y
.....
,M,
T!J,_.
~ell.
f<N\1\N\
oJ'
01"
•praise·: in tln·ee uf
~ inlrodueing-
~(•.!.!l'ea.L of .. ) is a1so found in
that whit'h
Bm·c.st·n's
''"nlnJ.I•· . . a. . "t•ll :~ . . iu thar fm·nisht>cl Ly L..:rr-:ni'RI-: ( P~lt\. X II. -IIi). " .. II':DE)JAX~ has in\'Cnh~d
a lid~· In t'"'i..}'lain tl1i:-: plJrt~:-.•~ and T't•ndel'': .. high prai ... c'l' nt (follows the JI:UIIL' of a temple) ... Ill•
dtit·"' 11111 fiii'JJi~h an_\· otlwr ''"nmplt>~ of this titiP!
.1. Il.
1:-9\I.J
tW('('n
t~
anti
lhtF..\STED:
~I~.
Hnm~c·~
It is 'JIIitl'
lJ. nml tlu· Princt_•s, .\:c.
impo~sible
to supposP tlmt it lws ln'Pll
omittPtl in n seem• wht•rp thP print·•• i~ so prominl'nt ns hPrt•. Tl"· stli'YiviHg
fragnw11t of tht• JHHnP 1 ): <:""'7 shows tlmt it was nut Hams<'s, hPllt'P thP most
prohahll' t'ullrlllsioll i~, th:tt WP lnn't' lwrt• a third son of SPti. whom we enll Y 2).
The 'luPstion of this priiH·P's J'Pintions with his two hrotlll'r~ must of t•om·sp
rPmnin unsctt!Pd. Ilis figm·e is thl' only OIIP original to th•• rPiids o11 this
w~t\1.
Hl' b 11ot likPly to ha\'P h~ul any claim to thP thro11P or his fig11r••
would ha,·p ht'PII rPlllO\'l'tl hy HamsPs 3 ).
l'rim·r Y (fig. ri) anti ti;P
t ~ fl
(fig. 2) an• furt]t('r l•oth idPntifit-tl
h~·
"'JEDE~JANN
with an offit·Pr nppP:tring at till' sulnub~ion of LPhanon ').
Again
no •·casoBs ;~n• oll't•J't'tl: tlH• itlrntifirntion is simply n~snml'tl. ThP o11it·er~ U:IIIH'
is, strangply t'llOIIg'h, omittl'U: his only titJP in ~ ~
1rfr:::::
hP has no
sidl'loek. Th('r(' is not thP slightPst I'Pasoll for J'Pgartling him :ts a prin•·p at
:tll. and hr dot•s not t'lltPr furth••t· into tlw prohlPm of thP prine•·s o11 this wall.
\\'t• m;~y ht•J't' n·eapitulnte thP llistor~· of our J'Piirt:~. ThP~· <'OIItaill fivp
ligm·p~ of prinPP~: OllP o•·iginal ;Hu! ft111r l:ttl'l' ins<•rtion~: as fi>llows:
1. Two figm·ps of SPti'~ ,.],!Pst. son: o1w (fig·.:!) ill dw Lil·~·an hnttlP st't'll<':
:tnd onP (fig.;{ hmkPn litH's) in tit<' rPturn from that <'ampaign: uPitlwr is originnl: both WPI'P ('ll'nce<l b~· Hn m~Ps II.
:!. Ont• ligm·p of pritWP H:nusPs iu tlw Lih~·nn hnttle sePJIP: (fig. :1 •lottP<l
\in('s) uot origiunl.
:1. OnP ligurP impossiblP to it]Pntif~·, ill n frngnwntm·y st'PIH' t'OlllH'I'tPd
with. thP cnptmP nl' Kn<IPsii: (fk. -J.) not. ol'igill:~l.
-J.. Unt• figm·•· of' :tll unknown priiWP (uot tht• l'ltkst soil awl llOt H:lllt.,Ps)
in tllf' rl'tnrn from the S~Ti:m t•:tmp:~i~·n; (fig. ;j) almost l'l'rt:tinl~· m·iginnl.
Tltl' IIistorienl r<'sult" to ],.. drawn from thl' :tlJm·t· fitds arl' uot ntllliProus, hut. llJ'P important. It is l'h•ar in the first phwP, tlwt t]H•s.• r<'lil'ls otr.·r
l!o {'\'ith·uc(' wltnt<'\'l'r tlwt. Hams•·~ II. <'YPI' took part in nny cnmpaign of his
fhthPr, of whntf'VPr year.
It is tlH'I'<'f(n•t• no lnugPr nl't'Pssm·y to sltortc>n thf'
r<'ign of' St>ti in ortlt•r tlwt HamsPs uwy bP snf'ficil'ntly yonll.!.( at his ar<'I'Ssion,
1) It is uncert<dn how thi:oi wtme
~·
LEFERPRE (ihitl.
ll(i-~H~))
wonhl
i~
to IH' J't•:Jd.
\Ynwr::H.\NI~> tP~IL\.
read~~~~ beli~\·in~
\.11. :?HII)
c·mJjc~ctw·c·~
this p1·ir]('e to lw thf" hrothc•r
of Ham.ses identified as 1\~1.1.wc;, [,y :\lnuetht1 in ti1P.l:tte stcJl'i(•s tJI'tlu• Greeks (ll<~nHl. 11, }117-111:-i;
l>jo(}, 1. 57), hut l)i.C' }eg-PrH) j:o; !<.0 i:'Oilfll~('!}, O!lld :.\lanCliJO is SO IJJI('('I'tHill ill ]Jjs disiilldiOII of ~!•[j
and Ham~f·:-.. tlmt i~ !'if't'llls to me uu~aft> to make auv liSt• of it at all. \YllmiOIA:'Ii,; lws la!PJ'
(Hec. XYlll, 1:!1) attPmptt·d to idPntify our
n<lliH~
\Vith
~.~!~for
whit"h
tlu·•·(~
j.,.
ct·rt:lildy
not room.
2 ) lt is not impos!-iiillf• that we haVf• here a ln·other uf ~~·ti, Lhough this would he n~ry uma:-.•wl.
3) LEVEBl"RF. (in P~BA. XII, ·l·Hi) ~JH'aks of thr n:1111e iu thb inscription ns .. Jn:Jrtel(·d. hut
ran filul no evidence of this in the photo~rnph.
") At tlw extreme east (left) end armmd tht• cornt'l' from til<' north wnll. a Jill 1'aci11g t•w·d;
reprodncl•d: ('uAJUP., :\lon. ~90 2; Ros .• l\lon. stor. H; I; rf. ('uAltl' •• i\ot. dt~Sfl'. ll ."17-~S.
!XXX\'11. Band.
n.' :\I."!"I:RO enn~idt•n•tl unm·oidnblt·.
.As tiu· ~~~ tlu•sf' n•li<·ls nrr t•oncernPd,
H:mN'>' might hnn• hf't'll hom <'l't•n aft<'r St•ti's flt't'<'ssion.
Tht• fact aloue
that HanJSt'S wns ohlig<'tl to insert his own lig-nrt• iu his liltht•r's battlf' scpnt•s,
in ortlt'r to :J{'{l!':ll' th<'n' at nll, of ••onrst> t•rt>at<'s ll stJ·ong- suspit•ion if not the
t•t•rtainty that ht> hat! nothing to tlo with tho• t'l'<'nts they depict. If' lurtlwr,
lw I'o•ally Wlls not old Pnnug-h to tllkt• pm·t in SPti's wars, Seti's r<'ign may
h:wt• l1f'en t•onsitlt-rahl~- )ong<'l' tlw.u the ninf' yem·s usually attributed to him').
Furth<'I'mor••, wh<'n W<' •·t~nsi<l<'r that we ha1·e lu•re a clear example of
misreprrsentntion °) h~- Hamst>s II. perpetratt>tl with tlw pllrt.kular puq10se of
prmhwing tlw impr<'ssion thnt while a ~·onng priuce he playe<l a prominent
part in ,.t:Itt• afti1irs. it ht•t·onws P'Jilfllly eh•ar that the statements of the grPnt
_.\ h~·tlns inse1·iption nnd th<' Kuhhnn ,,teln. in whit-h we set' Ramst's assuming
in t·hiltlhootl n p·~~ition in gnYPI'lllllPilt ht>sitle his lather, are similar misreprest•ntlltions hn1·ing- the same pmpose in l'iell'. The reliefs at Ahydos show him
lis t·rownpriiH'f' in t·ompany with hh tatht•r. P. g. hPiore the grPnt list of kings
()hR .. c\hytl. I pl. ~:l) mul in this st·em• hP lu'nJ•s thP crOI\'IIPriiH·Ply nanw and
titlt's in p1w·i.<r·('l illP .<a/liP .form and zmrds as in the Karnak insf'rtions aho,·e
tliscu~st•d IIi_!.!'- 3). That tlwst' Ahyt!os st'PnPs "'<'l'P <'lit aftPr Ramsrs was king
i' of t•oursP f'Yit!Pnt. lmt is J'Pntlf'retl tlouhly CPI·tain hy the fact that in one
of t lwm li!Jirl. pl. -!.J l t hf' erownprim•t>, Hnmsps, although aeeompaniPtl h~· the
rrownprint·Pl~· titles. ant! st:mtling in the presPnCP nf' his fat!Jer, ill'nrs upon
his Pmln·oi<lt•rf'<l apron thP two <'nrtonchrs contnining thP royal namPs! (sPt>
pl. ~(i). This is clear el·itl!'lll't' that after he was king. he was. nccustomPtl
to h:IYP himself' rt>prt>sPnt.ed ns crownpl'ince engagetl in impm·tnnt offiees in
o·ompllny with his lather. This was n f.wol'it<' themP with most New Empirekings, hut it was ne!'essaril~· t•:uTie<l furthrr ],~- Ramses for tliP \'PI·~· reason
tlwt he \\'liS not from tlw hq~inning- d<•stined to sn!'h fnnl'tions, hut must
for n eunsitlPrahlt• tinw ha''P plnyPtl n suhor<linate rolP hPsit!P the elder
J.roth••r who.'f' nmnf' :mtl ligUJ'P hP was nft.enl':lr<l so <'fli'Pfnl to eft:1ce. This
raisPs an intPn•sting- quP.,tion. Seti's p],]est son is almost cPrtain to hn''f'
lint! :nul retninPtl his right to the throne until jnst hPfon-- Ramses' aect•ssion.
For SETm:'s shrPI\"tl Pxplllnation of' thi- SPtl-festh·als 3 ) sho\\·s elearly that thP
:lll ~-pnr l'e1·inol hPgnn with some cert>mon~· of tl1e crownprinet•, when he
was prot·lnimPtl as snelL Now HamsPs II. cPIPlwatt>tl his first SPd-festh·al
in tlu• :lOth ypm· of hi., I't•i.~·n. showing that his n!'know]ptJgPmPnt. as erownpriHe•· ll"as prn<"til'nlly t•ontemporancous with his ac!'Pssion. Such n late celt•l.rnti"n. a~ :-;LTlll: showetl, nc!'Ul'l'Ptl ill thc ens(•s of e!'rtain kings, •W!'il sie
1
~ t·ar,
)
I j..,
Thi~ i:-. rt·lult·red morl-' prolmble
:-.o11~ at·<·omp:u•!·
l•y thf• well known fat·t that alre:uly in Hmnses fifth
him in lmtth•.
:~) \li ... I'P)ll't'.:.l'rttation .... of H:unst·s 11. n1·e nf L'om·s~ I'OIIIUIOn Puongh; the ar~mnent her·e tm·ns
upon till' mntin· of this p;trtit"nlar i'n111ll.
,) .\z.
!.'"1!1!-1, ·"·
1:.1 ~li7J -:'\ut•~ :t
J. H. llnEAsnw: Ham:st"s II. and
tlu-~
Priuc('S . ..\:c.
!'nt\n•der nieht vorhPr zur Thronfolge ht>stimmt waren (so Nt>f<'rker<'-l'hinps
mul Thutmosis Ill.) od<'r no<'h nkht tlns Zll dt•r C<'r<'nJOniP <'rfi>r<lerlieh!' Alt<>r
l'l'!'eicht lwttPn (so wohl Ramses II. uml Hmns!'s Ill.)u. In tl1t' <'nses of ;'\('ferkPn'Phiops and Thutmost• Ill. another ln·otlu•t• 1) stuotl iu tht> \\·ay t111til th<' ae<'<'ssion.
It can h:ll'llly he douhtt>cl now, tlmt this sanw reasnn ('Xplains th!' late· t't'it>Th<' ~ ~ll of S<'ti's Knmak rPli<'f, stnocl
lll'ation of Hmnses' :"<'cl-festivaF).
in Hnmses' wny until !tis wry nret>ssion 3 ). If this t>lcler hrothe1· rt'ally l'eaeht>d
the throne for a Lrief p<'riod, the ineidmt woultl then exac·tly n'p<'nt the
succession: Pepi I.- :lletusuphis- P<'pi II. Of such :m <'Jlh<'uwrnl reign, no trace
hns rPnched us, unless W<' Iilli! it in thP AigY}1tos-Dnnaos talt> 1).
ThPre is no doubt that, a carPful !'xamiuation of Seti's r!'liPfs iu the
original stone would throw mucl1 mort> light on th<' relation of tlH• JWinet>s'
ligures ami perhaps of the princes themselves. Unfortunnt<'ly a eart>fully c•ll!Jate<l publication of th<'~<' n•Jipf., cloes not <'Xist 5 ).
1) Tl1e1·e is of eonr.se somP. llll('ertniuty what tiH• relationship wa~ in tile ra:o:.;c ofT. 111., l111t
tlot>s 110t ntl'ect tht..~ J'e~nlt a~ eoneerns the fd.J-:~rl.
2
) Tbe only renmining cases of the celt""lwation of' the Sed- f .... stiYnl ill tl1e :-lOth yc':ll' :li"C
those of F:-.ertesen 1.. Ram:,t>s Jll. and ..\mt->nhotep Ill.
Is it not probable. tlmt age lmcl nothing
to do with a ))J'ince's eligibility to he }JI"oelaim~,} CJ'O\\'UJlrincP. hut tlwt ;dso }wre some one else
stood in the
who eventually did not surret>d to the throne:'
3 ) This ;done i::- a cJpmonstration of the unu·nth of thP repre~entation:-; in the Ahydo:-: inscription arcorcling to which H:uuses wa....; eJ·ownet1 while a lad hy his fnther (-\J..~yclos ins•·r.
tl1i~
war.
II.
·1.;-~GJ.
4 ) Such a brief n·ign. woultl explain hen\· :-ieti's eiUPsl son obtaiw•tl the powe1· mul opportuuity to iusert his own figure in his fathc·r's rt>licf..;.
5 ) That of a~IF.Ys:m (He!('. XI). whieh )Jtll"))CH'I.S to be an c•xlmustive. ('oii:Jtion (If tlw {l',dS !.~·
uwaus of photogTaphs is
(p. 5H) nhourul.
line~
exreedin.!.d~·
are
numher~d
ineorrt'('t.
int"oiTt'ctly ancl
notes tl1at the texts Wt'l'e 11ot unUt>r:-tootl.
aJii! :m pays de Tennou et (I' a mis) en
~::: ~
1!
(p. 72).
i':l:rors like tliP
<1
omh;~iou
uf
~
ir1
~5
f
~
the~
like. This ocensions nn woudl'J' if llllt'
1a1·t whieh is l'IPtu" from su(·li tnmslntions a ...;: .. jl ~~st
ntl"nil~lisst'JJH'nt ..
for the line:
JJ ~ JJ =~~I
The imJepcwlPnt vahw of the old 1argf' pnblicatious also. is ('lf•:u·Jy
duuhtful in plnce-s e. g. ('ru:\IP,, ::\Ion. 2!11) l I. 7 ewl show.s a la(·uua. which rwturally apJw:u·s in
Hus., :\Ion. ~tor. 4i ~: aml has 1J~en copiPtl iu LD. III, 12fia. and donlJtless from the sanw :\I:;;,
sum·ce in CaA:JtP., ~ol. deser. Jl ~ti; ahlwu;..d1 the ca:-.t show~ tlwre i:.: no l:u·un:1 ther·•·. Thb is
apa1·t from the numer·ous inaccurach•s in costume. ph~·siognomy ancJ tJu:~ likt•.
Zt'itsl'hr. f. Agypt. Spr.• XXXVII. Hand.
ll-:!¥.1.