FRENCH REVOLUTION
FALLOUT
CONGRESS OF VIENNA (1815)
• Kings met to restore pre-revolution “norms”
• Austrian Prince von Metternich, dominated
meetings
• Goals: restore monarchs, encircle France,
restore balance of power to avoid war
DECISIONS MADE
• Who got what?
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Netherlands – Independence
Prussia – Alsace-Lorraine
Russia – Finland & Poland
Germany & Italy – forced to stay neutral
Britain – Overseas territories
Monarchies restored in: Spain, Portugal, Sardinia,
France, Papal States
REVOLUTIONS (1815-1848)
String of attempted revolutions in Europe
• Spain, Italy, Russia, Poland, Austria, Germany,
Greece, Belgium
REVOLUTIONS (1815-1848)
Latin American Revolutions 1800-1825
• Napoleon’s control of Spain caused rebellion in
Latin America
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Toussaint L’Ouverture – Haiti, 1804
Miguel Hidalgo – Mexico, 1813
Jose San Martin – Argentina, 1816 (& Chile, Peru)
Simon Bolivar – Venezuela,1821 (&Colombia, Ecuador)
EFFECTS OF FRENCH REV.
• End of Old Regime
• Death from war & guillotine, suffering, failed
governments
• Nationalism in European & Latin American countries
• Napoleonic Code – some improved rights
• Monarchy … Constitutional Monarchy … Republic
(Dictatorship) … Republic … Dictatorship/Empire …
MONARCHY
FRENCH RULERS FROM 1589-PRESENT
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Bourbon Dynasty (Absolute Monarchy)
1589 - 1610 Henry IV
1610 - 1643 Louis XIII
1643 - 1715 Louis XIV (the Sun King)
1715 - 1774 Louis XV
1774 - 1789 Louis XVI
Constitutional Monarchy 1789-1792
1789 - 1792 Louis XVI
First Republic
1792 - 1795 National Convention
1795 - 1799 Directory (Directors)
1795 - 99 Paul François Jean Nicolas de Barras
1795 - 99 Jean-François Reubell
1795 - 99 Louis Marie La Revellíere-Lépeaux
1795 - 97 Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
1795 - 97 Etienne Le Tourneur
1797 François Marquis de Barthélemy
1797 - 99 Philippe Antoine Merlin de Douai
1797 - 98 François de Neufchâteau
1798 - 99 Jean Baptiste Comte de Treilhard
1799 Emmanuel Joseph Comte de Sieyés
1799 Roger Comte de Ducos
1799 Jean François Auguste Moulins
1799 Louis Gohier
1799 - 1804 Consulate
1st Consul: 1799 - 1804 Napoleon Bonaparte
2nd Consul: 1799 Emmanuel Joseph Comte de Sieyés,
1799 - 1804 Jean-Jacques Régis Cambacérès
3rd Consul: 1799 - 1799 Pierre-Roger Ducos
1799 - 1804 Charles François Lebrun
First Empire (emperors)
1804 - 1814 Napoleon I
1814 - 1815 Louis XVIII (king)
1815 Napoleon I (2nd time)
Bourbons (restored)
1814 - 1824 Louis XVIII
1824 - 1830 Charles X
FRENCH RULERS FROM 1589-PRESENT
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Orleans
1830 - 1848 Louis Philippe
Second Republic (presidents)
1848 Louis Eugéne Cavaignac
1848 - 1852 Louis Napoleon (later Napoleon III)
Second Empire (emperors)
1852 - 1870 (Louis) Napoleon III
Third Republic (presidents)
1870 - 1871 Louis Jules Trochu (provisional)
1871 - 1873 Adolphe Thiers
1873 - 1879 Patrice de MacMahon
1879 - 1887 Jules Grévy
1887 - 1894 Sadi Carnot
1894 - 1895 Jean Casimir-Périer
1895 - 1899 Félix Faure
1899 - 1906 Emile Loubet
1906 - 1913 Armand Fallières
1913 - 1920 Raymond Poincaré
1920 Paul Deschanel
1920 - 1924 Alexandre Millerand
1924 - 1931 Gaston Doumergue
1931 - 1932 Paul Doumer
1932 - 1940 Albert Lebrun
Vichy Government (Chief of State)
1940 - 1944 Henri Philippe Petain
Provisional Government (presidents)
1944 - 1946 Charles de Gaulle
1946 Félix Gouin
1946 Georges Bidault
1946 Leon Blum
Fourth Republic (presidents)
1947 - 1954 Vincent Auriol
1954 - 1959 René Coty
Fifth Republic (presidents)
1959 - 1969 Charles de Gaulle
1969 - 1974 Georges Pompidou
1974 - 1981 Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1981 - 1995 François Mitterand
1995 - Today Jacques Chirac

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