A
.
MUST
,
?
! "" '
() -
SHOULD
A
.
,
Capital Letter
Full Stop
Comma
?
!
""
'
Question Mark
Exclamation Mark
Speech Marks
Apostrophe
()
:
;
…
Brackets
Dash
Colon
Semi Colon
Ellipsis
:
Connectives
; …
COULD
A) Introduction
B) Main Paragraphs
C) Conclusion
Use them to make a sentence longer, or to make your
sentences link together well.
Examples of connectives:
And, but, so, while, although, which, because, therefore…
Time connectives - useful for chronological order:
Firstly, secondly, later, next, finally, meanwhile…
Introduction
You could include what, who, when and where in your
introduction. All your texts need to have an introduction:
Stories / Descriptions / Playscripts
Explanation Texts
Instructions
Reports / Recounts
Persuasive Texts
Discussions / Balanced Arguments
Biographies / Autobiographies
Capital Letters
Main Paragraphs
Use a capital letter: for the start of a sentence; for a
name such as Winston Churchill; for a day such as
Monday; for a month such as September; for a place
such as Paris, France or Europe, for a language such as
Russian; for a people such as the Germans; for a
festival such as Christmas or Passover and for God.
You should always organise your main paragraphs into a
sensible order: maybe chronological order (time order) or
in order of topic (which thing you are writing about). You
may need a new paragraph if there is a change of:
Time / Place / Topic / Person
Adjectives
These are describing words (such as big or good), but
make them much more interesting:
There are many better words for big:
Huge, immense, vast, massive, colossal, enormous…
There are many better words for good:
Wonderful, superb, excellent, magnificent, impressive…
Verbs
These are doing words (such as said or went), but
make them much more interesting.
There are many better words for said:
Yelled, replied, whispered, shouted, muttered…
There are many better words for went:
Walked, skipped, travelled, rushed, sprinted…
Full Stops
Use full stops: at the end of a sentence, for titles such
as Mr. Chamberlain and for abbreviations such as the
U.S.A. or the U.K.
Commas
In lists:
Great Britain allied with France, Belgium and Holland.
After a sentence starter:
Fortunately, children were safely evacuated.
To separate extra information:
Adolf Hitler, leader of Germany, invaded Poland.
To separate speech:
She answered confidently, "It was on 1st September."
If you discuss a different time:
Four hours later, the exhausted children finally arrived.
If you discuss a different place:
Meanwhile, in France, defences were rapidly prepared.
If you discuss a different topic:
Unlike the army, the air force was very well equipped.
If speech changes to a different person:
"I'm being evacuated to Wales," replied Terence.
Conclusion
Writing must have a conclusion (summary or ending).
Adverbs
They end in -ly. You should often add them to a verb for
an improved effect.
Examples of adverbs:
Quickly, slowly, rapidly, carefully, politely…
Descriptive language
Similes - Her eyes were as green as emeralds.
Similes - The jewels shone like the golden sun.
Metaphors - This soldier was a lion on the battlefield.
Alliteration - They watched and waited.