Lesson 2 Interactions of Earth Systems
LA.6.2.2.3, SC.6.E.6.1, SC.6.E.7.2, SC.6.E.7.4, SC.6.E.7.6, SC.6.N.1.1, SC.6.N.3.4
Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts
you will learn from the lesson. Discuss your thoughts with a classmate.
The Water Cycle
I found this on page
Order the relationship between thermal energy and the physical
.
state of water.
Evaporation
Condensation
water vapor
Note-taking
thermal energy absorbed
liquid water
I found this on page
Interpret the illustration of the water cycle. Use the terms
.
2
• hydrosphere
• atmosphere
• geosphere
• biosphere
Study Guide
3
1
4
Description of Water Cycle Processes
Chapter Review
1.
2.
Benchmark Practice
3.
4.
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Inquiry Lab
to the right of the picture in your explanations.
Lesson 2 | Interactions of Earth Systems (continued)
I found this on page
.
NGSSS Check
How do Earth systems
interact in the water
cycle? SC.6.E.7.4
Explain five processes that occur within the water cycle.
Process
Explanation
Evaporation
Transpiration
Respiration
Condensation
Note-taking
Precipitation
Changes in the
Atmosphere
Factor
Description
Air temperature
Air pressure
Study Guide
Wind
Humidity
Relate how weather is influenced by conditions in the
geosphere and the hydrosphere.
Chapter Review
Benchmark Practice
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NGSSS Check
How does weather show
interactions of Earth
systems? SC.6.E.7.4
.
Inquiry Lab
I found this on page
Describe factors that influence weather.
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43
Lesson 2 | Interactions of Earth Systems (continued)
I found this on page
.
Differentiate weather from climate.
Weather
I found this on page
.
Sequence cause and effect in the formation of a rain shadow.
Windward
side of a
mountain:
Note-taking
Climate
Result:
Result:
Air that
crosses to
the leeward
side is
.
I found this on page
Organize information about the rock cycle.
.
Study Guide
Definition:
Material in the
cycle:
•
•
Rock Cycle
•
Chapter Review
•
•
Takes place in:
Benchmark Practice
;
Is affected by:
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Inquiry Lab
Climate:
The Rock Cycle
Leeward
side
climate:
Lesson 2 | Interactions of Earth Systems (continued)
Explain the processes in the rock cycle. Use these terms in
your explanations.
• hydrosphere
Process
.
Cooling
I found this on page
.
Crystallization
I found this on page
.
Uplift
I found this on page
.
Weathering
I found this on page
.
Erosion
• biosphere
Explanation
Deposition
Inquiry Lab
NGSSS Check
How do Earth systems
interact in the rock cycle?
SC.6.E.7.4
• geosphere
Note-taking
I found this on page
• atmosphere
Cementation
Infer why the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the hydrosphere do
not influence metamorphic rock formation.
Suppose you are walking to school in the rain. You notice muddy water
running down a hill into an animal’s burrow. Explain the interactions in this example
between each of the Earth systems.
Chapter Review
Analyze It
Study Guide
Benchmark Practice
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Compaction
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45
Review
Our Planet—Earth
Chapter Wrap-Up
Now that you have read the chapter, think about what you have learned. Complete the final
column in the chart on the first page of this chapter.
Use this checklist to help you study.
Complete your Foldables® Chapter Project.
Study this chapter in your Notebook.
Study the definitions of vocabulary words.
Reread the chapter, and review the charts, graphs, and illustrations.
Review the Understanding Key Concepts at the end of each lesson.
Note-taking
Look over the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter.
Study Guide
Chapter Review
Benchmark Practice
Summarize It
Reread the Think About It question and the lesson Key Concepts.
Give one short example of how each of the four systems discussed in the chapter
affects each other system.
Atmosphere
Geosphere:
Atmosphere
Biosphere:
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere:
Hydrosphere
Biosphere:
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere:
Hydrosphere
Geosphere:
Geosphere
Biosphere:
Geosphere
Atmosphere:
Geosphere
Hydrosphere:
Biosphere
Hydrosphere:
Biosphere
Atmosphere:
Biosphere
Geosphere:
weathering and erosion of rock
Challenge Hypothesize what would happen if any of Earth’s systems stopped working.
What would be the effect on the other systems? Write a science fiction story about such a
scenario. Share your story with your class.
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Inquiry Lab
THINK
ABOUT
IT!
Name
Date
Inquiry Lab
Class
6 Earth Structures
SC.6.N.1.1, SC.6.N.3.4, SC.6.E.7.4
How do Earth’s systems interact?
You’ve learned about the rock cycle and the water cycle. These are just two examples
of how Earth systems work together. Each system interacts with the others to help
maintain an ecological balance on Earth. What happens if one system is disrupted?
Ask a Question
How does a change in one system affect other systems? How can you model interactions
among Earth systems?
Materials
beaker
water
lamp
terrarium
small fan
sand
Safety
Note-taking
Make Observations
1. Read and complete a lab safety form.
Inquiry Lab
3. Use the materials listed, or make a list of your own materials. Then, design a model of
your scenario. Think about the following as you plan your model:
Study Guide
• How can you represent each of Earth’s systems?
• How will you show the systems interacting?
• Will your model be self-contained or open to the air?
Chapter Review
Benchmark Practice
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2. Think about Earth’s four systems and how they interact with each other. Describe a
real-world scenario that shows these interactions. The photos in your textbook show
examples of real-world scenarios.
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47
Name
Date
Class
Big Idea Lab continued
4. After your teacher approves your design, build your model according to your design plans.
Form a Hypothesis
5. After building your model, formulate a hypothesis on how a change in one system might
affect the other systems.
Note-taking
Test Your Hypothesis
6. Add or take away something in your model to cause one system to change. Is the change
realistic? Could this happen in real life?
7. Observe and record the results immediately after the change occurs. Examine your model
Study Guide
Chapter Review
Analyze and Conclude
Benchmark Practice
8. Identify Which parts of your model represent each system?
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Inquiry Lab
again on the following day. Be sure to record the results.
Name
Date
Class
Big Idea Lab continued
9. Summarize how the change you made to one system affected the others.
10. Interpret Was the change you modeled helpful or harmful? Was it caused by human
activities or natural events? Explain.
The Big Idea Earth is sometimes described as a rocky planet. Based on what you
observed in this lab, does that statement accurately describe Earth? Why or why not?
Note-taking
11.
Inquiry Lab
Take your classmates on a “tour” of your model. Point out
each Earth system, explain your hypothesis, recreate the
change you introduced, and describe your results. Invite
your classmates to ask questions and offer suggestions
about improving your model.
Remember to use scientific
methods.
Make Observations
Ask a Question
Study Guide
Form a Hypothesis
Test your Hypothesis
Analyze and Conclude
Communicate Results
Chapter Review
Extension
Benchmark Practice
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Communicate Your Results
Conduct research to locate a place where the change you observed in your model has
occurred. Find out what impact it had on the living things in the area. Determine if the
change is still impacting life in the area.
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49
Benchmark Practice
Chapter Review
Study Guide
Inquiry Lab
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50
Note-taking
Class
Date
Name
Big Idea Lab Notes
Name
Date
Class
Study Guide
Use Vocabulary
Use the vocabulary from the chapter to complete the sentences or answer the statements below.
1. The Earth system containing all living things is the
.
2. Use the term mineral in a sentence.
3. Distinguish between rocks and minerals.
4. Conditions in the atmosphere at a given time and place are called
.
5. Define the word uplift in your own words.
Note-taking
Inquiry Lab
Link Vocabulary and Key Concepts
Use vocabulary terms from the chapter to complete the concept map below.
Earth systems
The
7.
The
8.
9.
contains Earth’s
frozen water.
contains Earth’s
liquid water.
interact in the
The
10.
11.
contains all
living things.
is the solid
part of Earth.
17.
12.
through the
processes of
through the
processes of
14.
weathering
15.
Benchmark Practice
13.
The
Chapter Review
is a mixture
of gases
surrounding
Earth.
The
Study Guide
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6. Distinguish between condensation and precipitation.
erosion
16.
deposition
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51
Name
Date
Class
Chapter 1 Review
Understand Key Concepts
Circle the correct answer below.
1. Which are two characteristics of minerals?
6. What does the hydrosphere contain?
SC.6.E.6.1
artificial and organic
liquid and gas
living and inorganic
solid and natural
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. Which reservoir holds the largest amount
of freshwater? SC.6.E.7.4
A. groundwater
C. lakes
B. ice
D. rivers
4. The diagram below shows the water cycle.
Which number represents precipitation?
SC.6.E.7.2
7. The diagram below shows the layers of
the atmosphere. The arrow is pointing to
which layer? SC.6.E.7.4
500
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
Study Guide
10
0
2
3
4
Chapter Review
Benchmark Practice
air
plants
soil
water
A. 1
B. 2
1
C. 3
D. 4
5. In which layer of the atmosphere does
weather occur? SC.6.E.7.2
A. hydrosphere
B. mesosphere
C. stratosphere
D. troposphere
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Our Planet—Earth
–100 –80 –60 –40 –20 0 20 400 600 800
Temperature (°C)
A.
B.
C.
D.
troposphere
mesosphere
stratosphere
exosphere
8. What is the middle layer of the
geosphere? SC.6.E.7.4
A. inner core
B. crust
C. mantle
D. core
9. Rocks are classified according to
SC.6.E.6.1
A.
B.
C.
D.
color.
formation.
size.
structure.
.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Inquiry Lab
Note-taking
2. What are the major gases of the
atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4
A. carbon dioxide and water vapor
B. nitrogen and carbon dioxide
C. nitrogen and oxygen
D. oxygen and water vapor
Altitude (km)
A.
B.
C.
D.
SC.6.E.7.4
Name
Date
Class
Chapter 1 Review continued
Critical Thinking
Use the lines below to respond to the following questions.
10. Give an example of how the water cycle impacts the rock cycle.
SC.6.E.7.4
11. Construct Describe how you might construct a terrarium that models Earth systems.
SC.6.E.7.4
Note-taking
Inquiry Lab
Study Guide
13. Assess How does the geosphere affect organisms that live in an ocean?
Chapter Review
SC.6.E.7.4
Benchmark Practice
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12. Design Based on what you have learned about the water cycle, design a device for turning
salt water into freshwater. SC.6.N.3.4
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53
Name
Date
Class
Chapter 1 Review continued
Critical Thinking
Use the lines below to respond to the following questions.
14. Infer How might the distribution of freshwater on Earth change if surface temperatures
decreased? SC.6.E.7.2
Study Guide
16. Simplify The diagram below shows the path of one rock through the rock cycle. What terms
are missing from the diagram? Use the terms to describe how the rock changed. SC.6.E.6.1
Chapter Review
?
weathering
and erosion
cooling and
crystallization
compaction
and cementation
melting
Benchmark Practice
?
?
heat and
pressure
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Inquiry Lab
Note-taking
15. Evaluate the relationship between weathering and erosion. How do the processes work
together to change Earth’s surface? How might the surface be different if only one of these
processes occurred? SC.6.E.7.4
Name
Date
Class
Chapter 1 Review continued
17. Create A haiku is a poem with three lines. The lines contain five, seven, and five syllables
respectively. Create a haiku that describes interactions among Earth systems. SC.6.E.7.4
Note-taking
Study Guide
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Inquiry Lab
Chapter Review
Benchmark Practice
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55
Name
Date
Class
Chapter 1 Review continued
Review the Big Idea
18. How would you describe Earth to a younger student?
LA.6.2.2.3
Math Skills
MA.6.A.3.6
Benchmark Practice
Chapter Review
Study Guide
Use the data in the table below to answer questions 20–22.
Temperature (°C)
Maximum Vapor
Density (g/m3)
10
9.4
24
23.0
30
30.4
20. The current temperature is 24°C. The water vapor in the air has a density of 5.75 g/m3. What
is the relative humidity?
21. At a temperature of 30°C, the air contains 22.8 g/m3 of water vapor. What is the relative
humidity?
22. Based on the data in the table, what is the relationship between the temperature and the
amount of water vapor air can contain?
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Inquiry Lab
Note-taking
19. Look at the photo on page 35 in your textbook. What Earth systems do you see? What does
each system include? SC.6.E.7.4
Name
Date
Class
Science Benchmark Practice
Mark your answer in the answer bubbles below each question.
Multiple Choice
1 Which term describes the state of the
atmosphere at a certain time and place?
SC.6.E.7.6
4 Through which process does water leave
the hydrosphere and enter the
atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4
F
condensation
A
climate
G
deposition
B
weather
H
evaporation
C
troposphere
I
precipitation
D
ozone
2 Which is NOT a process where water
vapor is released into the atmosphere?
A
cryosphere, biosphere, geosphere
B
hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere
F
evaporation
C
cryosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere
G
respiration
D
biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
H
transpiration
I
precipitation
Use the image below to answer question 6.
Inquiry Lab
Use the diagram below to answer question 3.
Exosphere
Thermosphere
500
120
110
D
100
Altitude (km)
90
80
Mesosphere
70
C
60
50
Stratosphere
40
30
B
6 Erosion caused by forces in the atmosphere
and hydrosphere eventually return
sediment to the geosphere. Which process
is occurring in the area circled? SC.6.E.7.4
F
condensation
G
deposition
H
precipitation
I
transpiration
Chapter Review
20
10
0
Troposphere
A
–100 –80 –60 –40 –20 0 20 400 600 800
Temperature (°C)
A
C
B
B
D D
Benchmark Practice
3 Earth’s ozone layer absorbs solar radiation,
protecting the biosphere. Which
atmospheric layer includes the ozone
layer? SC.6.E.7.4
A
Study Guide
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Note-taking
SC.6.E.7.4
5 Which Earth systems interact with the
geosphere to cause erosion? SC.6.E.7.4
C
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57
Name
Date
Class
NGSSS for Science Benchmark Practice continued
7 Which process recycles water from the
biosphere to the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4
A
condensation
F
geosphere and hydrosphere
B
deposition
G
biosphere and atmosphere
C
precipitation
H
cryosphere and hydrosphere
D
transpiration
I
geosphere and biosphere
8 Which two Earth systems influence
weather? SC.6.E.7.4, SC.6.E.7.6
Note-taking
10 Which two systems contain all of Earth’s
water? SC.6.E.7.4
F
geosphere and hydrosphere
G
cryosphere and atmosphere
H
biosphere and geosphere
I
hydrosphere and the cryosphere
11 What phenomenon describes how
mountains can affect the amount of
precipitation an area receives? SC.6.E.7.4
A
rain shadow effect
B
climate
C
weather
D
Gulf Stream
Study Guide
12 Which process occurs when water returns
from the atmosphere to the geosphere?
SC.6.E.7.4
A
tectonic plate movement
B
evolution
C
the rock cycle
D
the water cycle
Benchmark Practice
Chapter Review
9 What process is shown above by the interaction of the hydrosphere, the geosphere,
and the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4
58
Our Planet—Earth
F
condensation
G
precipitation
H
transpiration
I
respiration
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Inquiry Lab
Use the diagram below to answer question 9.
Use the figure below to answer question 11.
Name
Date
Benchmark Mini-Assessment
Class
Chapter 1 | Lesson 1
Multiple Choice Bubble the correct answer.
Use the image below to answer questions 1
and 2.
A
B
500
120
3. The Earth system that is made of soil, rock,
and metal is called the SC.6.E.7.4
A atmosphere.
B biosphere.
C geosphere.
110
D hydrosphere.
100
Altitude (km)
80
C
70
60
50
D
E
–100 –80 –60 –40 –20 0 20 400 600 800
Temperature (°C)
Freshwater
Lakes 87%
Fresh surface water
4. In the image above, which contains the
largest percentage of freshwater? SC.6.E.7.4
F
ice
G oceans
H rivers
I
A Layer B
Rivers 2%
swamps
B Layer C
C Layer D
D Layer E
2. Which statement is true?
F
Study Guide
SC.6.E.7.4
Layer B blocks solar radiation.
G Layer D contains weather.
H Temperatures are lowest in layer B.
I
Chapter Review
Temperatures decrease with altitude in
layer D.
Benchmark Practice
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Total water
on Earth
Ice caps
and glaciers 79%
Swamps 11%
Inquiry Lab
1. Which layer contains most of the mass in
the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4
Salt water (ocean)
97%
Note-taking
40
Highest
concentration
30
of ozone
20
10
0
Fresh surface
water 1%
Groundwater 20%
Freshwater 3%
90
Extend Your Learning
Turn the page to Learn Out Loud
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59
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60
Benchmark Practice
Chapter Review
Study Guide
Inquiry Lab
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From My Teacher
Note-taking
Class
Date
Name
Think, Discuss, Share
Name
Date
Benchmark Mini-Assessment
Class
Chapter 1 | Lesson 2
Multiple Choice Bubble the correct answer.
C120-05A-MSS12-A.ai
Wind
Windward
Rain shadow
Leeward
3. Where do most changes in the atmosphere
take place? SC.6.E.7.4
A geosphere
B hydrosphere
1. In the image above, what is the climate on
the leeward side of the Sierra Nevada
range? SC.6.E.7.6
C stratosphere
D troposphere
C
A cold
Snow
B dry
B
Rain
C hot
Lake
2. Sheila sees that part of a limestone building
in town has been worn away. This building
was affected by the process of SC.6.E.6.1
F
crystallization.
G deposition.
weathering.
Ocean
D
4. Thermal energy is lost during which
process shown in the diagram? SC.6.E.7.4
F
Process A
G Process B
H Process C
I
Process D
Study Guide
Chapter Review
Benchmark Practice
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I
A
Inquiry Lab
H uplifting.
E
Note-taking
D wet
Extend Your Learning
Turn the page to Learn Out Loud
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61
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62
Benchmark Practice
Chapter Review
Study Guide
Inquiry Lab
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
From My Teacher
Note-taking
Class
Date
Name
Think, Discuss, Share
Note-taking
Date
Inquiry Lab
Study Guide
Chapter Review
Benchmark Practice
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Name
Class
Notes
Weathering and Soil
63