B3 LPP
Content
Describe Edward Jenner’s contribution to the development of
vaccines
Explain the process of immunisation
Topic 1 –Control systems
Explain of the advantages and risks associated with immunisation
Describe the role of memory lymphocytes in secondary responses to antigen
Describe the production of monoclonal antibodies
Describe the use of monoclonal antibodies
Describe how the exponential growth of a population of bacteria can lead to rapid
development of an infection
Describe Louis Pasteur’s contribution to the development of aseptic techniques
Investigate the conditions affecting growth of micro-organisms
(using resazurin dye)
Describe how plants defend themselves against attack from pests and pathogens
by producing chemicals
Describe the impact that attack by pests and pathogens on plants has on human
food supply
Explain the importance of photoperiodicity in plants
Describe the use of circadian rhythms in living organisms
Topic 3 – Behaviour
Topic 2 – Kidney and menstrual cycle
Recall that cell metabolism leads to the build-up of waste products in the blood,
including carbon dioxide and urea
Recall that urea is produced from the breakdown of excess amino acids in the liver
and is removed by the kidneys
Describe the structure of the urinary system
Describe possible treatments for kidney failure, including kidney dialysis and organ
donation
Describe the structure of a nephron
Explain how the structure of the nephron is related to its function in filtering the
blood and forming urine
Describe the role of ADH (produced by the pituitary gland) in regulating the water
content of the blood
Explain how ADH production is controlled by a negative feedback mechanism
Describe the stages of the menstrual cycle including
menstruation, uterus lining thickening and ovulation
Explain why the uterus lining is maintained if fertilisation occurs
Explain how oestrogen, progesterone, FSH and LH control the menstrual cycle
Explain how the structure of an egg is adapted to its function
Explain how the structure of a sperm cell is adapted to its
function,
Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of infertility treatments
Recall that the sex of a person is controlled by one pair of chromosomes, XX in a
female and XY in a male
Explain how the sex of offspring is determined at fertilisation, using a genetic
diagram
Explain (using probabilities, ratios and percentages) how sex-linked genetic
disorders are inherited
Describe that sexual reproduction requires the finding and
selection of a suitable mate
Describe how animals have different mating strategies
Describe that some animals, in particular birds and mammals, have developed
special behaviours for rearing their young
Explain why parental care can be a successful evolutionary strategy
Explain how, within the animal kingdom, parental care may involve risks to the
parents
Describe the different behaviours exhibited by animals
Explain how humans can make use of conditioning when training captive animals
for specific purposes
Design an experiment Investigate animal behaviour using choice chambers
Describe how some animal behaviour requires communication
Topic 4 – Communication
and evolution
Explain how animals use a variety of types of signals to
communicate
Describe the finding of the work of ethologists
Describe how plants can communicate using chemicals, including with animals
(particularly insects) and with other plants
Using a range of examples explain how plants have co-evolved over time
Describe the evidence for human evolution, based on fossils including Ardi, Lucy
and Leakey’s discovery
Describe the evidence for human evolution based on stone tools
Describe why mitochondrial DNA provides evidence for
the African Eve theory for non-Africans
Explain why mitochondrial DNA is more useful than nuclear DNA for tracking
human migration and evolution
Suggest why the impact of climate change changed human behaviour
Evaluate the evidence that we have for human migration
Topic 6 – Enzyme technology
Topic 5 – Biotechnology
Describe biotechnology as the use of biological molecules to
provide goods and services
Describe the use of fermenters in large scale production
Explain the need to supply suitable conditions in fermenters, and the effect they
have on growth rates
Design an experiment to Investigate the effect of factors on the growth of yeast
Explain the advantages of using micro-organisms for food
production
Describe how mycoprotein is manufactured, including the role of the fungus
Fusarium sp
Explain the advantages of using mycoprotein as a food source
Describe how bacteria are used in the production of yogurt from milk by the
conversion of lactose to lactic acid
Design and experiment to Investigate the effect of different factors on yogurt
making
Describe the use of enzyme technology in chymosin, invertase and washing
powders
Design an experiment to investigate the use of immobilised lactase to produce
lactose free milk
Explain recombinant DNA technology using insulin
Explain the impact of human population growth on global food security
Explain how Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used as a vector in
creating transgenic plants
Explain how Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used as a vector in
creating transgenic plants
Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of introducing genes for insect
resistance from Bacillus thuringiensis into crop plants
Evaluate the costs and benefits of genetic modification of crop plants
Explain the processes humans use to increase food production
Evaluate of the advantages and disadvantages of replacing fossil fuels with biofuels