Science 7
Notes 2
Scientific Methods
Experiment
Hypothesis
Theory
Variable
Can you describe the Steps of
a Scientific Investigation?
Steps of the scientific Method(s)…
List the steps of
the scientific
method.
1. State the problem/Ask a question

Make Observations

Compare and Contrast

Background Research (see what has been discovered prior)
2. Form a Hypothesis
What is a
hypothesis?
• An educated guess, prediction, or inference
• What you expect to find out in an investigation

Give an example
of a hypothesis.
An “If…..Then…..” Statement”
• Hypotheses are based on observations, prior knowledge, and
research.
• Ex: If I add metal to water then the metal will not dissolve
What is an experiment?
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Science 7
Notes 2
3. Design and Carry Out an Experiment to test the hypothesis
What are
variables?
In what ways can
data be recorded?

An experiment is a series of trials or tests that are done to test a
hypothesis

Experiment plans must follow a step-by-step procedure.

Experiments must take variables into account

Variables are anything that can affect the experimental
outcome.
4. Record and Analyze Data
Document and display notes about observations.
• Use a data table.
Describe data
analysis.
• Take Photos
• Represent data in a graph.
Then, Determine, “What does the data show?”
What should a
conclusion
entail?
In what ways can
you ensure your
conclusion is
valid?
5. Draw conclusions
 Support or disprove the hypothesis
 Summarize what you’ve learned
6. Ensure Validity

Use a large sample size.

Repeat the experiment

Have it peer reviewed.
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