For the People
A New sletter o f the Ab raham Linco ln Asso ciatio n
V o l u m e 8, N u m b e r 1
S p r i n g 2006
S p r i n g f i e l d, I l l i n o i s
Li nco ln ’s Sp ri ng fi el d
The U nder gr ou nd Railro ad
By Richard E. Hart
or a number of years I have been
curious about the possible presence of the Underground Railroad in Lincoln’s Springfield. As a child
on Sunday afternoon drives west of
Springfield, my parents pointed out the
small village of Farmingdale and told
me that there had once been an Underground Railroad station there. I later
learned that in the nineteenth century,
Farmingdale was known as Farmington1 and that indeed its reputation as an
active station on the Underground
Railroad could be documented.
The story of the Underground
Railroad at Farmington began on
October 25, 1833, when a colony of
fifty-two New Englanders, many of
them abolitionists, arrived at Springfield after a ten-week journey from St.
Lawrence County in upstate New
York. The Sangamo Journal reported
on their arrival: “Emigrants are coming by thousands into Illinois and from
all quarters of the Union. On Friday
last fifteen large wagons from St.
Lawrence County, N. York, loaded
with emigrants, arrived in our village,
and drove up in front of the market
house, in grand style. These emigrants
had been about ten weeks on the journey, and enjoyed good health during
the time. They design to settle in Sangamo County—to which we bid them
welcome.”2
The day following their Springfield arrival, the colony moved eight
miles west to the Sangamon River village of Sangamo Town. They spent the
winter there and in the spring moved a
few miles west to an open prairie where
they settled, purchased farmland, and
established the community of Farmington.
F
The colony was representative of
the New England strain of early Illinois
settlers who in the 1830s and 1840s
settled in a random pattern of dots
across the central and northern Illinois
prairies. Their customs and culture
contrasted sharply with that of the earlier settlers in Central Illinois, who had
come from the upland South. In addition to being farmers, some of them
were teachers, ministers, abolitionists,
and conductors on the Underground
Railroad. In September 1837 seventeen men of the colony3 expressed their
strong opposition to slavery by signing
Elijah P. Lovejoy’s call for Illinois’ first
antislavery convention to be held at
Upper Alton on October 26. Four of
the Farmington signers attended the
convention.4 At least four of the
colony, Dr. John Lyman, Stephen
Child, Luther Ransom, and Reverend
Billious Pond, and several of their
neighbors, Jay Slater and Reverend
Thomas Galt, became active conductors on the Underground Railroad at
the Farmington station.
In 1841 Samuel Willard,5 a twenty-year-old Jacksonville, Illinois, abolitionist, had his first experience in
assisting a runaway slave move north
on the underground railroad. Willard’s
written account of that adventure,
“My First Adventure with a Fugitive
Slave: The Story of It and How It
Failed,” acknowledged that he was not
familiar with the Farmington station
on the Underground Railroad at that
time. “It seemed to my father [Julius]
that the easiest thing for us would be
to take her [the fugitive slave] to some
one on the line of what was known as
the Under-Ground Rail-Road. But we
knew nothing about it. In later adventures of this sort we went direct to
what was then called Farmington, now
Farmingdale, near Springfield. . . . My
father, as well as myself, helped many
fugitives afterwards.”6
Two years later, Willard, who was
then a student at Illinois College, successfully assisted a fugitive slave move
along the Underground Railroad from
Jacksonville to Farmington. His written account, “My Second Adventure
with a Fugitive Slave: And How It was
Won,” told of secreting runaway slave
Jack out of Jacksonville and on to the
Farmington underground railroad station.
A few days later the conductors of the
Under-Ground R.R. were ready. Lewis
knew the way to Laurie’s so I went with
him one night to take the negro over the
next stage. We had to come back to the
Movastar bridge, and then to take an
oblique course across fields thru groves and
thickets to a certain school-house a mile or
more east of the town, on the old railroad
track and near the high road to Springfield.
On the way Jack sighed and said, “it’s a
long way to Canada!” We assented. Once a
little noise in the bush near us startled him:
out came his pistol and I heard the click of
the cocking. When we struck the railroad,
we were near the rendezvous: there were
my father [Julius A. Willard] and [William]
Chauncey Carter7 on horses, leading a third
horse for the negro: he was soon mounted
and the trio were on the way to Farmington; while two over-tired men trudged
back to College, but I had to meet my
classes next day as usual.8
As a result of this activity, Samuel
was arrested and charged with assisting
in the escape of a runaway slave. His
case went to the Supreme Court and
continued on page 4
2
For th e People
Lincoln Birt hday Event s Culminate w it h
Do ri s K e ar ns G o o d wi n Ad d re ss
T
he Abraham Lincoln Association celebrated the 197th
anniversary of Lincoln’s birth
in grand fashion. The theme of the
the time for photographs. Throughout
the course of the two days it is estimated she signed over eight hundred
books. Her banquet address was drawn
from her book in which she detailed
how Lincoln’s abilities and character
outshined those of his fellow Republican rivals for the 1860 presidency.
Mark your calendar now for the
2007 events. The symposium theme is
“Lincoln in the 1850s,” and the banquet speaker will be Newsweek columnist Jon Meacham, author of the
recent book American Gospel: God, the
Founding Fathers, and the Making of a
Nation.
Shown above are the Lincoln symposium organizers and participants:
(l to r) Old State Capitol superintendent Justin Blandford, Gerald Prokopowicz, Catherine Clinton, Joshua Wolf Shenk, Daniel Mark Epstein,
and Kim Matthew Bauer.
symposium was “The Lincoln Family,”
with thought-provoking papers from
Catherine Clinton, Daniel Mark
Epstein, and Joshua Wolf Shenk, and
commentary from Gerald Prokopowicz. Lincoln curator Kim Matthew
Bauer presided over the symposium for
the final time as he leaves for a position
as Lincoln heritage coordinator for the
city of Decatur, Illinois, where he
resides. Paper topics included “Wife v.
Widow: Clashing Perspectives on Mary
Lincoln’s Legacy,” “The Road to
Washington, 1847,” and “Lincoln’s
Emotional Life.” Doris Kearns Goodwin, the banquet speaker, spent most
of February 11 and 12 signing copies
of her best-selling book, Team of
Rivals. She graciously signed every
copy presented to her and even took
Richard Norton Smith
Outgoing President Roger D. Bridges
Doris Kearns Goodwin
For th e People
THE ABRAHAM LINCOLN
ASSOCIATION
RICHARD E. HART
President
BARBARA HUGHETT
ROBERT J. LENZ
ROBERT WILLARD
Vice-Presidents
THOMAS F. SCHWARTZ
Secretary
ROBERT A. STUART JR.
Treasurer
ROGER D. BRIDGES
Immediate Past-President
MARY SHEPHERD
Executive Assistant
Board of Directors
Kenneth L. Anderson
Molly M. Becker
Michael Burlingame
Brooks Davis
Rodney O. Davis
Robert S. Eckley
Allen C. Guelzo
Kathryn M. Harris
Earl W. Henderson Jr.
Fred B. Hoffmann
David Joens
Ron J. Keller
Lee McTurnan
Richard W. Maroc
Myron Marty
Richard Mills
Susan Mogerman
Georgia Northrup
Phillip S. Paludan
James W. Patton III
Mark Plummer
Marvin Sanderman
William G. Shepherd
Brooks D. Simpson
Daniel W. Stowell
Nicky Stratton
Louise Taper
Donald R. Tracy
Andy Van Meter
Margaret Van Meter
Daniel R. Weinberg
Stewart L. Winger
Kenneth J. Winkle
Honorary Directors
Governor Rod R. Blagojevich
Senator Richard Durbin
Senator Barack Obama
Congressman Ray LaHood
Congressman John Shimkus
Justice Rita Garman
Mayor Timothy J. Davlin
Emeritus Directors
Cullom Davis
John J. Trutter
Harlington Wood Jr.
Distinguished Directors
Mario M. Cuomo
David Herbert Donald
John Hope Franklin
Harry V. Jaffa
Robert W. Johannsen
Garry Wills
3
President’s Message
By Richard E. Hart
ebruary 12, 2006, will be
remembered as one of ALA’s
most popular celebrations of
Lincoln’s birth. Doris Kearns Goodwin arrived in Springfield on Saturday
evening and began a whirlwind of
speaking engagements and signings of
her best selling book, Team of RivalsThe Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln. On Sunday afternoon prior to the
Symposium, Doris signed her book at
the Old State Capitol. Admirers
arrived early and formed a line from
the first floor, up the grand stairs,
around the second floor rotunda, and
into the room where Doris was gracious to every signature seeker. So not
to interfere with the Symposium,
Doris and her team of fans moved
down the street to the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Museum where she
finished the signings. It is estimated
that she signed well over eight hundred books.
Symposium attendees packed the
chamber of the House of Representatives in the Old State Capitol where
Kim Bauer welcomed Catherine Clinton, Daniel Epstein, and Joshua Shenk.
They each presented thought-provoking glimpses into the lives of Mary and
Abraham. Gerald Prokopowicz’s comments were insightful.
On Sunday evening the banquet
was a sell out. After dinner and before
Doris began to speak, Georgia
Northrup was able to squeeze a few
more waiting-list people into the center aisle of the banquet hall. Doris’s
speech confirmed her reputation as a
master storyteller. She attributes that
skill to her father. As a young girl
Doris lived in Brooklyn, New York.
While her father was off at work during the summers, he required Doris to
listen to the radio broadcasts of the
Brooklyn Dodger baseball games. At
the end of the work day when her
father returned home, Doris would
give him a play-by-play recount of the
afternoon game. Years later Doris con-
F
tinued to hone her skills on many a
summer afternoon at Boston’s Fenway
Park by telling her three sons about
their grandfather, who died before the
boys got to know him.
The ALA has two big events in the
near future. In 2008, we will celebrate
the one-hundredth anniversary of the
Abraham Lincoln Association, and in
2009 we will participate in the national
celebration of Lincoln’s two-hundredth
birthday. The ALA’s Bicentennial Committee has started planning for both
events and the preliminary plans are
exciting. If you have any thoughts or
ideas on how to best celebrate these
important events, please e-mail them to
me at [email protected]. If you prefer
the mail, you can write to me c/o Abraham Lincoln Association, 1 Old State
Capitol Plaza, Springfield, IL 62701.
We all thank our past President,
Roger Bridges for his service not only
as President, but also for more than
three decades of Abraham Lincoln
Association leadership. Roger was
present at the beginning of the Symposium and was responsible for its formative years.
I look forward to being your President during these exciting days and
welcome your continued participation
and support. Please feel free to contact
me at any time to offer your ideas and
suggestions. The best is yet to come.
For the People (ISSN 1527–2710) is
published four times a year and is a
benefit of membership of the
Abraham Lincoln Association
1 Old State Capitol Plaza
Springfield, Illinois
62701
Editorial and design services by
William B. Tubbs
([email protected])
4
For th e People
L inco ln’s Sp rin gf ield
Th e U n de r g r o u n d R a i l r o a d
continued from page 1
he eventually plead guilty and was
fined $1.00.9
In a later written reminiscence,
Willard identified Reverend Bilious
Pond, Dr. John Lyman, and Luther
Ransom as among his active allies on
the Sangamon County Underground
Railroad.10 Helen Blankmeyer’s 1935
history, The Sangamon Country, contains a brief account of the Underground Railroad and also identifies the
conductors at the Farmington station.
“In Sangamon county there were at
least two of these [Underground Railroad] stations near Farmingdale. Dr.
John Lyman and a few of his neighbors
(including Jay Slater, Stephen Child,
Luther Ransom, Rev. Billious Pond,
Rev. Gault, and probably others),
agreed to help each other hide any
slaves brought to them, and to take
them further on their way to freedom.”11
So who were these men that
Willard and Blankmeyer deemed conductors on the Underground Railroad
at Farmington?
Dr. John Lyman, a New England
doctor, was born on April 2, 1780, at
Lebanon, New Hampshire. He married there to Martha Storrs and attended medical lectures at Dartmouth College. He practiced medicine in New
Haven Township, Vermont, and during the War of 1812, was an Army surgeon. In 1824, John moved with his
family to Potsdam, New York,12 and in
1833, came to Farmington with the
colony of fifty-two. John signed the
call for and attended Elijah Lovejoy’s
1837 antislavery convention at Upper
Alton. On February 26, 1839, The
Genius of Universal Emancipation, an
abolitionist newspaper published at
Hennepin, Illinois, reported that John
Lyman was one of five Sangamon
County delegates to the Illinois AntiSlavery Society annual meeting.13
A neighbor described “Dr.
Lyman’s Underground Depot” at
Farmington: “Down the hill near the
road and near the branch, he [Lyman]
had a little shanty, and a family of darkies living in it. It had the name of Dr.
Lyman’s Under-ground Depot. He was
accused of secreting run-away slaves, on
their way to Canada. It was said that the
southern slave holders offered a thousand dollars for the Dr.’s scalp.”14
of runaway slaves move north from the
Farmington station. John Carroll Powers’s 1876 Early Settlers of Sangamon
County described Child:
Mr. [Stephen] Child was a farmer and
teacher all his life. He was an original abolitionist, and as an agent of the under-
Residence of Jay Slater on North Lincoln Trail, Gardner Township,
Sangamon County, Illinois
Jay Slater, a farmer, was born on
February 25, 1795, in Massachusetts.
He was married on March 12, 1826, in
Sangamon County, to Lucretia Carman, who was born in 1806 in New
York. Slater was a conductor on the
Underground Railroad and his home,
a small, neat brick house that still
stands just a short distance from Farmington,15 was most likely an active station on the Underground Railroad.
Stephen Child, a farmer and
teacher, was a New Englander, born
on June 12, 1802, in Waitsfield, Vermont. In 1820 Child moved to Potsdam, New York, where he taught
school. He married Lyman’s daughter,
Hannah, and they had two children
while living in Potsdam. Child and his
family came to Sangamon County in
1833 as a part of the colony of fiftytwo and settled near Farmington.
Child was a conductor on the Underground Railroad who helped hundreds
ground railroad, he assisted hundreds of
colored people in their flight from
bondage. He conducted a company of
twenty-one at one time. It was his custom
to go as far as he could travel in one night
and return, but on some occasions he has
gone as far sixty miles, and then left them
in the hands of friends who would conduct
them onward. The last time the writer of
this, conversed with Mr. Child, he
expressed special satisfaction that he had
assisted so many human beings on their
way to freedom, and gratitude that he had
lived to see the day that there was not a
slave in the United States of America.16
Reverend Billious Pond, who
acted as the pastor for the colony of
fifty-two during their ten-week journey
from upstate New York, was a New
Englander, born on June 26, 1781, in
Plymouth, Connecticut. From 1842 to
January 1844 Pond was pastor of the
Farmington Presbyterian Church.17
For th e People
Pond and his son, Marvin, were conductors on the Underground Railroad.
On June 11, 1845, Abraham Lincoln
appeared in the Menard County Circuit Court as an attorney for Marvin
Pond, who had been indicted for harboring a slave.18 The jury found him
not guilty.19
Thomas Galt, a Presbyterian minister, was born on September 12,
1805, in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. He was educated at Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, and
at the Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania.
In 1834 he was licensed to preach by
the Presbytery of Ohio, and shortly
thereafter married Sarah Happer. In
the spring of 1835 they moved west to
Peoria, Illinois, where Galt preached
for a few months, and in the autumn of
that year moved to Springfield. On
April 10, 1836, he became the first
pastor of the Farmingdale Presbyterian
Church. The Galts lived one mile east
of Farmington where they set apart
three acres of ground for a church and
a cemetery, now the Farmington
Cemetery. Galt signed the call for and
attended Elijah Lovejoy’s 1837 antislavery convention at Upper Alton. He
was also was one of five Sangamon
County delegates to the 1839 Illinois
Anti-Slavery Society annual meeting.20
Galt remained pastor at Farmington until April 1842, when the Farmington Presbyterian Church split over
the issue of slavery. The “Old School”
advocates, who wanted a slow resolution of the slavery issue, retained control of the Farmington church. Galt, a
“New School” advocate who wanted
the immediate abolition of slavery,
resigned his pastorate, and in July
1842 became pastor of the Center
Presbyterian Church, a “New School”
Presbyterian church. Sangamon County’s first antislavery convention was
held at Center Church.21
Coming back to Springfield from
those Sunday afternoon drives, I imagined runaway slaves being taken in and
hidden at Farmington and then transported in the dead of night to the next
stop on the Underground Railroad.
How noble these people were to risk
their all for the freedom of another
5
soul and how brave the runaway slaves
were to risk their lives to escape slavery.
I wondered if there was anyone in
Springfield, just eight miles east, who
shared this nobility. Was there an
Underground Railroad station in
Springfield? If so, who were the conductors and where were the stations
located? Was Lincoln aware of its presence?
Perfect answers to these questions
will probably never be given. Success
of the Underground Railroad rested
upon a strict code of secrecy and it is
difficult to find primary source materials on the Underground Railroad. The
name of one underground conductor
was often not known to the next conductor along the line. Because of the
secrecy, the Underground Railroad’s
presence in Lincoln’s Springfield has
been shrouded in mystery.22
Over the years, I have collected
information that refers to Springfield’s
Underground Railroad. It is often a
serendipitous experience as I will find
something while researching an unrelated topic. When these random findings are pasted together, a picture
emerges that leads one to the conclusion that there was an active Underground Railroad system in Springfield
from at least 1841 until after Lincoln’s
departure in 1861. The Springfield stations had a close connection with those
at Farmington. One station existed
near the Globe Tavern at the time that
newly married Abraham and Mary Lincoln lived there in 1841. In the 1850s
at least two stations were close to the
Lincoln home at Eighth and Jackson.
These two stations and two others not
as close to the Lincoln home were
operated by African Americans who
knew and had close contacts with Lincoln. Lincoln must have known of the
Underground Railroad activities of
these African American friends. Yes,
there were a few noble souls in Lincoln’s Springfield who conducted an
active Underground Railroad system.
Luther N. Ransom
Luther N. Ransom was born about
1800 in Clinton County, New York.
He and his wife, Zerviah, and two chil-
dren came to Farmington in 1833 with
the colony of fifty-two. Luther was
Clerk of Session of the Farmington
Presbyterian Church from 1834 to
1835.23 In 1835 Luther sold his property at Farmington and moved eight
miles south of Springfield to what is
now Chatham. Here he purchased
twenty-one hundred acres, laid out the
town of Chatham, built a house,
organized Chatham Presbyterian
Church and hired an abolitionist
preacher. Luther appears to have envisioned a New England town on the
prairie.
Luther was an early abolitionist.
He signed Elijah Lovejoy’s 1837 call
for an antislavery convention at Upper
Alton, Illinois, and attended that convention in October 1837. He was also
was one of five Sangamon County delegates to the 1839 Illinois Anti-Slavery
Society annual meeting.24 John Carroll
Powers’s 1876 Early Settlers of Sangamon County, described Luther thus:
“He was an original abolitionist, an
uncompromising temperance man,
scrupulously honest in his dealings,
and it was believed by those who knew
him well, that he was honest and conscientious in all he did. His erratic
course was regarded more as the manifestations of an unsettled mind than of
a depraved disposition.”25
In 1840 Luther moved to
Springfield, and by October 18, 1841,
he operated an Underground Railroad
station there at his boarding house
near the Globe Tavern.26 Luther’s participation in Springfield’s underground
railroad is evidenced by a St. Louis
slave owner’s October 18, 1841, handbill offering a $200 reward for the
return of an African American woman,
Rittea or Henrietta Jones, and her children, Martha, age six, Sarah, age four,
and James, age two, and her husband,
Nicholas, a “free dark mulatto.”27 A
“P.S.” at the end of the handbill stated
that Rittea and her family were “seen
at L. N. Ransom’s boarding house, at
Springfield Ill., on yesterday morning.”28
Samuel Willard remembered that
in 1843 Luther, “noted as a very strenuous abolitionist,” advised his father,
continued on page 6
For th e People
6
L inco ln’s Sp rin gf ield
Th e U n de r g r o u n d R a i l r o a d
continued from page 5
Julius A. Willard, in selecting an attorney to represent them in a case charging them with assisting in the escape of
a fugitive slave at Jacksonville. “In
preparation for the trial of our case it
was necessary to get lawyers to defend
us . . . friends thot it best to have counsel of eminence from outside, my
father went to Springfield, taking me
with him. We were the guests of
Luther Ransom, noted as a very strenuous abolitionist. . . . Lincoln was
mentioned by L. Ransom, who dismist
him with the remark that he did not
[have] any reputation, and we wanted
a man of note. L. Ransom added that
Lincoln was not afraid of a negro
case.”29
* Part 2, which will include more stories of those involved in Springfield’s
Underground Railroad, will appear in
the summer issue of For the People.
James N. Adams, comp., Illinois
Place Names, ed. William E. Keller,
Occasional Publications 54 (Springfield: Illinois State Historical Society,
1968), 360.
2
Paul M. Angle, Here I Have Lived
(Springfield, Ill.: Abraham Lincoln
Association, 1935), 40.
3
The Farmington signers were:
Peter Bates, Asahel Stone, Azel
Lyman, Alvan Lyman, Harooldus
Estabrook, Ezra Lyman, Bishop Seely,
B. B. More, Jay Slater, H. P. Lyman,
Oliver Bates, Stephen Child, O. L.
Stone, A. S. Lyman, Joel Buckman,
John Lyman, and T. Galt.
4
The Farmington attendees at the
first Illinois antislavery convention
held at Upper Alton on October 26,
1837, were: C. [Cornelius] Lyman,
John Lyman, L. [Luther] N. Ransom
and Thos. Galt.
5
Doctor Samuel Willard was born
on December 30, 1821, in Lunenburg,
Essex County, Vermont. On the night
of November 7, 1837, he witnessed
1
some of the events around the proslavery mob killing of Elijah P Lovejoy.
Henry Tanner, The Martyrdom of Lovejoy. An Account of the Life, Trials and
Perils of Rev. Elijah P. Lovejoy, Who Was
Killed by a Pro-Slavery Mob, at Alton,
Ill., on the Night of November 7, 1837.
By an Eye-Witness (Chicago: Fergus
Printing Co., 1881). Samuel contributed several pages to Tanner’s book.
Samuel and his father, Julius A. Willard,
were charged with assisting in the
escape of a fugitive at Jacksonville, in
1843, while Samuel was a student in
Illinois College. “The National Corporation Reporter,” gave an account of
this affair, together with a letter from
Samuel, in which he states that, after
protracted litigation, during which the
case was carried to the Supreme Court,
it was ended by his pleading guilty
before Judge Samuel D. Lockwood,
when he was fined one dollar and costs.
He enlisted in the Illinois Ninety-sev-
enth Infantry Regiment on September
5, 1862, and acted as the surgeon for
the regiment. He resided in Springfield, Illinois, from October 1863 to
September 1870, when he moved to
Chicago. Doctor Samuel Willard died
on February 9, 1913, in Chicago, Illinois. Kim Torp, trans., The Underground Railroad, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 1901, http:// genealogytrails.com/ill/underground-road.html.
6
Samuel Willard, “My First Adventure with a Fugitive Slave: The Story of
It and How It Failed,” TS, Abraham
Lincoln Presidential Library, Springfield, Ill.
7
William Chauncy Carter was born
in New Canaan, Connecticut, on April
2, 1820, and died in Jacksonville, Illinois, on December 9, 1896. At age
thirteen William was brought by his
parents to Illinois. In the spring of
1834 the family located on a farm
about four miles south of Jacksonville,
New Memb ers
Thomas P. Abbott, Hampstead, MD
Mr. Kelly Bailey, Des Moines, IA
Paul E. Bender, Normal, IL
Larry Binkovitz, New Albany, OH
Vicki Bonnett, Havana, IL
Roberta Booher, Henning, IL
Robert Bray, Bloomington, IL
Steve Edison, St. Louis, MO
Paul Essington Bloomington, IL
Curt Evoy, Springfield, IL
Paul Finkelman, Tulsa, OK
Joseph R. Fornieri, Fairport, NY
Robert H. Forsyth Jr., Springfield, IL
John R. Gehlbach, Elkhart, IL
Robert C. Gilbert, Kennesaw, GA
Beth Gilliland, Mooresville, IN
Rob Gilliland, Mooresville, IN
Betty Green, Springfield, IL
Clifford & Shirley Greenwalt,
Springfield, IL
Mark Irving, O’Fallon, MO
Mark Janus, Springfield, IL
Susan Fox Larson,
La Grange Park, IL
Patrick McKenna, Springfield, IL
Mildred A. Meyer, Springfield, IL
Tracy Meyer, Chatham, IL
Erika Nunamaker, Lincoln, IL
Patrick Oberholtzer, Washington, DC
David O’Reilly, Palo Alto, CA
Carlos E.Rivera, San Juan, PR
Jeff Roquen, Palatine, IL
Michael Ross, New Orleans, LA
William Sawisch, Oak Park, IL
Peter W. Schramm, Ashland, OH
Mark Skesavage, Freehold, NJ
Mark D. Streed, Woodbury, MN
Dr. Gerald Trigg,
Colorado Springs, CO
Mrs. Gerald Trigg,
Colorado Springs, CO
Dixie Watterson, Evanston, IL
For th e People
7
where his father had purchased eighty
acres. William graduated from Illinois
College in 1845. For four years, he
farmed and taught school near Jacksonville during the winter. He purchased a farm and spent his active life
farming. William’s barn was an Underground Railroad station. Historical
Encyclopedia of Illinois and History of
Morgan County (Chicago: Munsell
Publishing Co., 1906).
8
Willard, “My Second Adventure
with a Fugitive Slave: And How It was
Won,” TS, Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library.
9
“Beecher Hall Added to National
Underground Railroad Network,” IC
News & Events, http://www.ic.edu/
alumni/news/news_story.asp?iNewsI
D=775&strBack=%2Falumni%2Fnews
%2Fnews_archive.asp.
10
Martyrdom of Lovejoy; Wilbur
Siebert, The Underground Railroad
from Slavery to Freedom (New York:
Macmillan Co., 1898). A book review
by Samuel Willard was published in
The Dial of Chicago.
11
Helen Van Cleave Blankmeyer,
The Sangamon Country (Springfield,
Ill.: Sangamon County Historical Society, 1965), 126–28.
12
John Carroll Power, History of
the Early Settlers, Sangamon County,
Illinois (Springfield: E. A. Wilson &
Co., 1876), 467–68.
13
The Genius of Universal Emancipation, an abolitionist newspaper published by Benjamin Lundy at Hen-
nepin, Illinois, reported on February
26, 1839, that the Sangamon County
delegates to the Illinois Anti-Slavery
Society annual meeting were: Thomas
Galt, L. [Luther] N. Ransom, E.
[Erastus] Wright, J. W. Little, and
John Lyman.
14
Taken from “diary pages typed in
1926–27 by James A. Stone,” James
Asahel Stone, “The Memoirs of James
Asahel Stone,” comp. Marilyn Reed
Pierson, 2001, 22, Sangamon Valley
Collection, Lincoln Library, Springfield, Illinois.
15
The house may be reached by
going west on Route 97 (Jefferson
Street) from Springfield to Bradfordton; two miles from the intersection of
Jefferson Street and Veterans Parkway.
At Bradfordton, continue west for one
mile on Route 97 to the first road on
the right (north), Lincoln Trail. The
intersection of Lincoln Trail and Route
97 is marked as 5.5 West and 1.95
North, being the distance from the
intersection of First and Washington
streets in Springfield. Turn right on
Lincoln Trail and go one mile north.
The house sits back on the left (west)
side of the road.
16
Power, 198.
17
Mary E. Stone, “Communicant
Register of Farmington-Farmingdale
United Presbyterian Church,” TS, 82,
Sangamon Valley Collection.
18
Earl Schenck Miers and William
E. Baringer, Lincoln Day By Day, A
Chronology, 1809–1865 (1960; rpt.
Dayton, Ohio: Morningside, 1991),
253.
19
Ibid., 259; Power, 576–77. Marvin B. Pond, born on November 3,
1807, in New York, married there and
came to Sangamon County in 1837. In
1839 he moved to Menard County,
where he died in July 1871.
20
Genius of Universal Emancipation.
21
Farmingdale Presbyterian Church
Website, http://www.farmpreschurch.
org/History.dsp.
22
Pamela R. Peters, Journey to the
Underground Railroad in Floyd County,
Indiana, http://www.statelib.lib.in.us/
www/ihb/ugrr/pampeters.html.
23
Stone, 69.
24
Genius of Universal Emancipation.
25
Power, 593.
26
Lincoln to Joshua F. Speed, May
18, 1843, in Roy P. Basler, ed., The
Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln
(New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1953–1955), 1:323–24.
27
The handbill is in the Henry
Horner Collection, Abraham Lincoln
Presidential Library.
$200
REWARD
Ran off from the subscriber on Thursday morning, 14th inst, one Negro
Woman, named Rittea or Henrietta Jones,
with her three children, Martha, Sarah and
James. The woman is large and fleshy, of a
dark complexion and very sullen countenance; the oldest daughter, Martha is six
continued on page 8
A P PL I CATI O N F OR ME M BER SHI P
Please enroll me as a member of the
Abraham Lincoln Association in the
category indicated:
Railsplitter
($25 Student)
Postmaster
Lawyer
Congressman
President
$35
$75
$200
$500
$1,000
Members residing outside the U.S. add
$3.00.
Mail this application (or a photocopy)
and a check to:
The Abraham Lincoln Association
1 Old State Capitol Plaza
Springfield, Illinois
62701
Name
Street
City
State
Zip
Website: www.alincolnassoc.com
8
For th e People
L inco ln’s Sp rin gf ield
Th e U n de r g r o u n d R a i l r o a d
continued from page 7
years old, the second Sarah is 4, and the
son James is 2. The children are of a lighter
color than their mother.
The husband of Rittea, Nicholas
Jones, is a free dark mulatto about thirtyfive years old, slightly spotted with the
smallpox, about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high,
and quite impertinent when spoken to.
Said Nicholas had a white man at Alton, to
carry his family to Carlinville Ill. in a two
horse box wagon, covered with white linen
or cotton.
I will give One hundred dollars for the
delivery of Nicholas in St. Louis, if taken
out of the State, or fifty dollars if apprehended in it, or the latter sum if confined in
any Jail in the United States, so that I can
get him. I will also give One hundred dollars for the delivery of Rittea and her children in St. Louis, if taken out of this State,
or fifty dollars if apprehended in it, or the
latter sum if confined in any Jail in the
United States so that I can get them. In
addition to the above reward all reasonable
expenses will be paid by me.
St. Louis, Mo.
JOHN FINNLY.
P. S. Since the above was written I
have been informed that Nicholas, his wife
and three children were seen at L. N. Ransom’s boarding house, at Springfield Ill.,
on yesterday morning.
Springfield, October 18th, 1841.
On May 18, 1843, Abraham Lincoln wrote a letter to Joshua F. Speed,
part of which addressed business matters. In explaining his attempts to collect on a debt owed Speed, Lincoln
reported that the debt was to be paid
from all rent due a Mr. Jewett after the
previous January 12. Lincoln wrote:
“The rent is for the house Ransom did
live in just above the Globe [the Globe
Tavern where the Lincoln’s then
lived].” The reference to “Ransom” is
most likely Luther N. Ransom and the
reference to “Jewett” was probably
Benjamin F. Jewett. A review of the
records of the Sangamon County
Recorder of Deeds records reveals that
on March 3, 1838, Benjamin F. Jewett
purchased property at the northwest
corner of First and Washington streets,
just three blocks northwest from the
28
For the People
A N e ws l e t t e r of t h e A b r a h a m L i n c ol n A s s oc i a t i on
1 O l d S t a t e C a p i t ol P l a z a
S p r i n g f i e l d , I l l i n oi s 6 2 7 0 1
F O R W A R D I N G A N D R E T U R N P O S T A GE GU A R A N T E E D
A DDR E S S S E R V I CE R E Q U E S TE D
Globe Tavern. Would that be “just
above the Globe”? Was this Ransom’s
boarding house referred to in the 1841
handbill for the runaway slaves? In
August 1844 Luther’s wife, Zerviah,
died, and Luther and his two sons
moved to Utopia, Ohio, on the Ohio
River. There he joined a group of 250
Frenchmen who were members of a
communal society known as the
Fourierite Association. He married
there and he and his new wife had one
child, Albert. In December 1847 the
Ohio River flooded and a very large
brick building, owned and occupied by
the Fourierites, was flooded and collapsed killing one hundred persons,
including Luther’s wife and two eldest
children. Albert survived. In 1848
Ransom and his baby son left the
Fourierites and joined the Shakers at
Lebanon, Ohio. He remained with the
Shakers until August 1859, when he
and his son moved west to Lawrence,
Kansas, where Luther lived until his
death in July 1872.
29
The Underground Railroad, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 1901.
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U.S. Postage
PAID
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