ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
IN HONG KONG
Workshop
“EIA- A Local Case Study Example”
Dr. Gordon McKay
(Associate Professor)
Department of Chemical Engineering
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
What is an Environmental Impact
Assessment?
It is a structured and systematic evaluation
and control of potential environmental
impacts (or benefits) arising as a result of a
project.
! Its primary purpose is to ensure that decisionmakers consider the potential consequences
for the environment of all possible options,
before determining the appropriate course of
action.
!
When should an EIA Process be
applied?
It can be applied at all stages of a project:from its conceptual planning and design;
! through construction and implementation;
! through its operation;
! to revamp or modification; and finally,
! decommissioning.
!
Why bother with an EIA in Hong Kong
1) Hong Kong has the highest residential population density in the world.
With a residential density of nearly 1,000 people per hectare, Hong Kong
is nearly double the density of Lagos, Nigeria, the next highest on the
residential population density list. To put this fact into an Asian
perspective, Singapore has only 1/7th of Hong Kong’s population
density.
2) Hong Kong is a hilly place, and thus the limited flat land is in huge
demand.
3) Hong Kong has a population of over 6 million and almost 10 million
visitors each year. Would the visitors continue to come year after year in
such numbers if the air was unsafe to breathe and the tap water unsafe
to drink?
4) By 1995, about half of the world’s Governments required some form of
EIA process
The Project
Title:
Environmental Impact Assessment of a 1,800 MW GasFired Power Station at Lamma Extension
Client:
The Hong Kong Electric Company, Ltd.
(Capital Cost – HK$ 2.17 billion)
Consultant:
Environmental Resources Management
The Project – Power Station Extension
“OUTPUTS”
“INPUTS”
Natural
Gas/Line
Air
Water
Others
Gaseous
Emissions
“PROCESSING”
OPERATIONS
Electricity
(Transmission)
Liquid Effluents
Solid Wastes
Other Impacts
(eg. Land, Visual, Water, Air, Socio-Economic, Noise)
Power Station
Emissions
Gas Turbine
Electricity
Steam Turbine
Electricity
Fuel (Oil, Coal, Gas)
Hot Flue
Furnace
Gases
Air
OR
Steam
Generation
Emissions
Structure of the EIA Report
Title:
EIA of a 1,800 MW Gas-Fired Power Station at Lamma Extension
Contents:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Introduction
Consideration of Alternatives
Findings of the Technical Assessments for the Power
Station
Findings of the Technical Assessments for the
Transmission System
Findings of the Technical Assessments for the Gas Pipeline
Findings of the Cumulative Impact Assessments
Environmental Monitoring and Audit Requirements
Summary and Conclusions
Major Components of Project
! The Power Station
! The Transmission System
! The Gas Pipeline
So where do we start?
!
Check the requirements ie. The legislation
!
The Hong Kong EIA Ordinance States:
- “to avoid, minimise and control the adverse impact
on the environment of designated projects through
the application of the EIA process and the
environmental permit system”
Typical Stepwise Environmental
Impact Assessment Process
What does this mean?
2.0 Screening
Initial Environmental Impact Assessment
!
Is there a need to proceed with a full EIA?
!
Does the project come under EIAO Schedules 1 to 3
of the designated projects/industrial sectors list?
What does this mean?
2.1 Screening
CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION
!
Background
“Project Profile” submitted by Hong Kong Electric Company on
8 April 1998.
!
Context of the EIA
“Site Search for a New Power Station” has been done but still
summarised Chapter 2
!
Consideration of Alternatives
"
Scope and Objectives
Non-Technical and Technical
What does this mean?
2.2 Screening
EIAO-Schedule 2 Part I – Designated Projects Requiring Environmental Permits:
" Roads, Railways & Depots; Airport & Port Facilities
" Reclamation, Hydraulic & Marine Facilities, Dredging and Dumping
" Energy Supply
" Water Extraction, & Water Supply; Waterways & Drainage Works
" Sewage Collection, Transfer & Disposal Facilities
" Utility Pipelines, Transmission Pipelines & Substations
" Mineral Extraction
" Storage, Transfer & Trans-shipment of Fuels
" Agriculture & Transfer & Trans-shipment of Fuels
" Agriculture & Fisheries Activities
" Community Facilities; Tourist & Recreational Developments
" Residential & Other Developments
" Other Industrial Activities
" Other Miscellaneous Activities
Steps in the EIA Process
Consultant – Client Agreement
Notification and Application to EPD
! Screening – Initial Data Collection and Preliminary
Draft – EPD
! Determine Scope and Terms of Reference
! *Impact Assessment – Identify, Measure, Evaluate,
Tests and Surveys – Liaison with EPD
! Checking Findings - Full Report, Feedback – EPD
and Public (2 or 3 months)
! Proposal Decision
! Implementation, Monitoring and Audit
What does this mean? (con’t)
3.0 Determining Scope and Terms of Reference
!
!
!
!
!
The scope;
The timetable/schedule;
Limits of study; What aspects of the project require
Impact Assessment and how detailed should this
be?
EIA Project Team selection and size;
Consider alternative developments (this decision
has often been made by the developer);
3.1 GENERAL SCOPE
CHATER 1 - Technical Scope
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Air Quality Impact Assessment;
Water Quality Impact Assessment;
Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment;
Waste Management Impact Assessment;
Land Contamination Assessment;
Ecological Impact Assessment (Aquatic and Terrestrial);
Fisheries Impact Assessment; and
Hazard to Life Assessment
Note: AQ impacts were not required for laying the gas pipeline
3.2 TIMETABLE SCHEDULE
!
Depends on:
- Size of project
- Limitations or constraints on the physical ability to do all aspects
- Availability of data
- PLANNED START UP DATE AND FULL PROJECT SCHEDULE
– design, construction, commissioning, handover, start-up,
production/generation commences
!
!
!
EIA Schedule
Project Profile was submitted 8.4.98
EIA Report was scheduled from May 1998 to March 1999.
3.3 LEVEL OF DETAILS OF THE
SURVEYS
CHAPTER 3 – SCOPE OF ASSESSMENTS
Air Quality
The air quality assessment has five main components. Four during
the operation phase, the fifth dust from construction work
! Physical (ie wind tunnel) modelling of the combined impacts of
emissions from the existing and proposed power stations;
! Numerical modelling of the impacts of the proposed power
station on air pollution levels throughout the SAR, especially
photochemical pollution;
! A quantitative review of potential impacts on air quality in the
wider Pearl River Delta Region; and
! An assessment of green house gas emissions (which deals with
HEC’s overall operations in future years)
! Dust from construction phase
3.3 LEVEL OF DETAIL OF THE
SURVEYS
CHAPTER 3 - SCOPE OF ASSESSMENTS
Noise
Noise During Operational Phase
! Gas and Steam Turbines
! Generator Plant – CW Towers
! Heat Recovery Systems
! Mechanical Equipment Items (Fans, Pumps,
Compressors)
3.3 LEVEL OF DETAIL OF THE
SURVEYS
CHAPTER 3 – SCOPE OF ASSESSMENT
Noise During Construction Phase
! Dredging and Site Formation
! Piling and Other Civil Works
! Structural Building Works
3.4 EIA PROJECT TEAM SELECTION
AND SIZE
SELECTING THE TEAM
Based on the Study Brief which provided the size and preliminary technical
scope information
-Chemical/Process Engineers -Noise Experts
-Chemists
-Mechanical
-Civil
-Flora
Engineer
Engineers
-Fauna
Experts
-Marine
Ecologists
-Quantity Surveyors
-Architects
-Environmental
-CAD
Engineers
Project Manager
-Modelling Experts
Assistant Project Manager
Experts or Specialists/Sub-Consultants
"TEAM SIZE - 20 Persons
Experts
Experts
3.5 CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE
DEVELOPMENTS
CHAPTER 2 – CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The Power Station
2.3 The Transmission Routing
2.4 The Gas Pipeline Routing
2.5 Conclusions
3.5 CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE
DEVELOPMENTS
CHAPTER 2
2.1 THE POWER STATION
!
!
!
!
Gas is environmentally preferred to coal as a fuel for the power
station.
The acceptability of the various options with respect to the
greenhouse gas issue would depend on Government’s policy for
greenhouse gas control in Hong Kong
For both the coal- and gas-firing scenarios, the environmentally
preferred site was the Lamma Extension. Noise, local air quality,
water quality and marine ecology impacts were amenable to
mitigation.
The overall environmentally preferred site option was considered
to be an extension to the existing Lamma Power station.
3.5 CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENTS
THE POWER STATION
Tentative Development of Schedule of the New 1,800 MW Power
Station for the Purpose of the EIA Study
Year
Maxmium
System Demand
New Plant
Commissioned
Existing Lamma
Power Station
2002
2,794 MW
-
2, 794 MW
2003
-
1st 300 MW Unit
-
2005
-
2nd 300 MW Unit
-
2007
-
3rd 300 MW Unit
-
2010
-
4th 300 MW Unit
-
2012
3,916 MW
5th & 6th 300 MW
Unit
2,116 MW
Legislative and Compliance
Requirements
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
EIA Ordinance
APC Ordinance
WPC Ordinance
Noise Control Ordinance
Waste Disposal Ordinance
BATNEEC Guidelines Designated (“Scheduled”
Industries)
Codes of Practice (Designated “Scheduled”
Industries
Construction Regulations
Others – See Environment Hong Kong 1999, EPD
Steps in the EIA Process
Consultant – Client Agreement
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Notification and Application to EPD
Screening – Initial Data Collection and Preliminary
Draft – EPD
Determine Scope and Terms of Reference
*Impact Assessment – Identify, Measure, Evaluate,
Tests and Surveys – Liaison with EPD
Checking Findings - Full Report, Feedback – EPD
and Public (2 or 3 months)
Proposal Decision
Implementation, Monitoring and Audit
What does this mean? (Con’t)
4.0 Impact Assessment
!
!
!
!
!
!
Baseline data survey;
Identification of impacts;
Measurement of impacts;
Tests and surveys;
Collection of detailed information and its analysis;
Evaluation of impacts.
4.0 AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT
(POWER STATION)
4.1 Legislation and Standards
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Air Pollution Control Ordinance (Cap. 311) APCO
Air Quality Objectives
Best Practicable Means
Air Pollution Control ((Construction Dust) Regulation
Technical Memorandum on EIA Process (EIAO TM)
Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines
Schedule of Specific Processes
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.1 Legislation and Standards – AQO
Hong Kong Air Quality Objectives (ugm-3)
Pollutant
Average Time
1 Hour
8 Hour
24 Hours
1 Year
Sulphur Dioxide
800
-
350
80
Nitrogen Dioxide
300
-
150
80
Ozone
240
-
-
-
-
-
260
80
Total Suspended
Particulates (TSP)
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.1 Legislation and Standards – BPM
Emission Limits Stipulated in the Best Practicable
Means Notes
Gas-fired Gas Turbines (> 15 MW)
SO2
10 mg m-3 (a)
NOx (as NO2)
90 mg m-3 (a)
Particulate
5 mg m-3 (b)
Exit Temperature (oC)
80 (oC)
Exit Velocity
15 ms-1
Notes: (a) hourly average & (b) 22-hourly average
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.1 Legislation and Standards – BPM
The operation of a power station is defined as Specified Process in
Schedule 1 of the APCO (Cap. 311) and requires Specified Process
Licence. The licence may contain detailed terms and conditions on the
following:
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Fuel quality;
Stack height and chimney exit diameter;
Flue gas exit temperture and velocity;
Emissions standards on mass emission rates and concentrations;
Operation and maintenance requirements;
Environmental monitoring requirements at sources; and
Environmental monitoring requirements in the vicinities of power
station.
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.1 Legislation and Standards – EIAO
!
Under the EIAO, the criteria for evaluation air quality
impacts in ANNEX 4 of the EIAO TM should be
complied with. For the purposes of assessing SO2,
NO2, O3 and TSP, the criteria are identical with AQOs
give in the previous Table O/H 4.0.
!
The guideline for air quality assessment is laid down
in Annex 12 of the EIAO TM and has been followed in
this assessment.
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.2 The Scope of the Assessment
The air quality assessment for the power station contained six
components:
A review of the baseline conditions;
! Physical (ie wind tunnel) modelling of the combined impacts of
emissions from the existing and proposed power stations;
! Numerical modelling of the cumulative impacts of the existing
and proposed power station on air pollution levels throughout
the SAR, especially photochemical pollution;
! A quantitative review of potential impacts of emissions from the
new power station on air in the wider Pearl River Delta Region;
! An assessment of greenhouse gas emissions and proposed
mitigation measures for HEC’s overall operations; and
! An assessment of construction dust impacts.
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.3 Baseline Conditions
!
!
!
!
!
EPD and HEC from 1992 to 1996 revealed that the measured SO2
and NO2 concentrations are well within the Air Quality Objectives
(AQOs)
Maximum hourly concentration (ave. day) were chosen as
background levels to assess the cumulative impacts.
Background levels for hourly SO2 and NO2 are 33Fgm-3 and
80Fgm-3 respectively for the urban areas and 23Fgm-3 and
49Fgm-3 respectively for the rural/new development areas.
For daily and annual averages, average annual means from 1992
to 1996 should be used
Background concentrations for daily and annual SO2 and NO2 are
20Fgm-3 and 51Fgm-3 respectively for the urban areas and
10Fgm-3 and 28Fgm-3 respectively for the rural /new development
areas.
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.4 Wind Tunnel Modelling – Existing and
Proposed Power Stations
!
!
!
Tests – For 5 Wind Speeds
Tests – For 3 Stack Heights
Predictive Impact Modelling
- Pasquill – Gifford
- Atmospheric Stability Conditions
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.4 Predictive Impact Modelling
A wide variety of parameters affect atmospheric dispersion
of toxic materials
!
!
!
!
!
Wind speed
Atmospheric stability
Ground conditions, buildings, water, trees
Height of the release above ground level
Momentum and buoyancy of the initial material released
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.4 Predictive Impact Modelling
Increased release height decreases the ground
concentration
Continuous
Release Source
Wind Direction
Plume
As Release Height Increases. The Increased Distance Leads to Greater Dispersion
and Less Concentration at Ground Level
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.4 Predictive Impact Modelling
Atmospheric stability classes for use with the PASQUILL=GIFFORD
DISPERSION model
Day
Night
Radiation intensity
Cloud cover
Wind speed (m/s)
strong
medium
slight
cloudy
calm & clear
<2
A
A–B
B
2 –3
A-B
B
C
E
F
3–5
B
B–C
C
D
E
5 –6
C
C–D
D
D
D
>6
C
D
D
D
D
Stability classes for plume model: A,B:unstable; C,D:neutral; E,F:stable
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
Plume. Continuous, Steady-state Source at
Height H, above Ground Level, Wind Moving
in X Direction at Constant Velocity, u.
2

 y     1  z − H r
Qm
1
exp −    X exp − 
< C > ( x, y , z ) =
2πσ yσ zU
 2  σ y     2  σ Z

  



2

 1 z + H
r
 + exp − 

 2  σ z



2
 

 
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.4 Wind Tunnel Modelling Conclusions
!
!
!
!
A stack height of 110m PD is adequate for the combined cycle
gas-turbine (CCGT) units at the new power station;
The net and cumulative impact of the operation of the new 1,800
MW power station with the existing Lamma Power Station in the
year 2012 will not result in any predicted exceedances of the
relevant AQOs for SO2 and NO2 at identified receptors in the
near-field of the power station;
Improved air quality is observed in 2012 compared to 2002 due to
the shifting of power station loads from the coal-fired units to the
gas-fired units, despite an overall increase in electricity output
from 2749 MW to 3916 MW; and
In the unlikely situation of emergency oil firing, the expected air
quality impacts are still within the relevant AQOs.
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.4 Predictive Impact Modelling – Results
Predicted Cumulative SO2 and NO2 Concentrations (Fgm-3)
Pollutant
Average
Time
2002
2012 (with WEIF)
AQO
Sulphur
Dioxide
Hourly
58-732
28-461 (31-461)
800
Daily
16-169
11-90 (12-95)
350
Hourly
51-248
50-184 (51-184)
300
Daily
28-75
28-64 (28-71)
150
Nitrogen
Dioxide
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.5 Numerical Modelling of Impact – PATH
Results
!
With New Emissions
- 1 hour and 24 hours average predicted NO2, SO2 and O3
concentrations fall between 35% and 64% of the AQOs.
!
PATH modelling shows the impacts of key pollutants
on air quality in HK are acceptable and their
contributions to overall predicted levels are largely
insignificant.
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.5 Numerical Modelling of Impacts – PATH
!
!
!
!
PATH – Photochemical Air Quality
Modelling System with 9 km of the new power station
To identify the incremental impact on air quality of the
new power station
Predicted air quality with and without the new
emissions
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.6 Regional Air Quality Review and Modelling
!
A quantitative assessment was made on the impact on the Pearl
River Delta region:
!
Coal and gas fuel options
Different emission technologies for NOX removal
SO2, NO2 and O3
Particulates
Acid deposition
Visibility
Photochemical reactions
Meteorological Modelling – Langrangian Atmospheric Disperison
Model (LADM)
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.6 Regional (PRD) Air Quality Review and
Modelling Results
!
New Power Station
-
NO2 contribution less than 1% increase
SO2 contribution less than 0.7% increase
O3 contribution less than 2% decrease
Acid deposition less than 1% increase
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
!
New Power Station
-
A CO2 inventory projection was compiled for 2002 and 2012
Mitigation measures:
Use of alternative fuels namely, gas firing;
Improved consumption efficiency using CCGT;
Reduced fugitive emissions;
Carbon sequestration
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
Estimated Emissions of SO2, NOx and CO2 in
Future Years
Annual Total
2002
2012
% Change
Electricity Output (GWh)
13,351
19,142
+43%
SO2 (Tonne)
47,687
18,426
-61%
NOx (Tonne)
41,068
24,669
-40%
CO2 (Tonne)
11,355,533
10,208,105
-10%
4.0 AIR QUALITY – THE POWER STATION
4.8 Construction Dust
!
!
!
The potential impacts of dust emissions from
construction work were estimated and evaluated
Predicted dust concentration levels (without
mitigation) at sensitive receivers were in the range of
104 to 178 : gm-3 (hourly average) and 56 to 61 : gm-3
(daily average), both well within the recommended
criteria of 500 and 260 : gm-3 respectively.
No special mitigation measures (beyond good site
and housekeeping practices) were proposed.
4.10 NOISE
4.11 FINDINGS OF THE CUMULATIVE
IMPACT ASSESSMENTS (CHAPTER 6)
!
The assessment methodologies used should make it
possible to combine the project impacts of :EXISTING LEVELS + PROPOSED PROJECT
(BASELINE)
LEVEL
“WORST CASE TOTAL LEVELS”
!
“Worst Case Levels” are compared to legislative / BPM /
BATNEEC values
4.11 FINDINGS OF THE CUMULATIVE
IMPACT ASSESSMENTS (CHAPTER 6)
!
All 9 EIA Listed Parameters are summaried and
assessed individually in this section for their
cumulative impact:
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT
WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT
NOISE ASSESSMENT
LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
WASTE ASSESSMENT
LAND CONTAMINATION ASSESSMENT
MARINE ECOLOGY ASSESSMENT
FISHERIES IMPACT ASSESSMENT
HAZARD ASSESSMENT
4.11 FINDINGS OF THE CUMULATIVE
IMPACT ASSESSMENTS (CHAPTER 6)
Air Quality (Examples)
Wind Tunnel Model for Local Air Quality
Cumulative
Old + New Power Station
SO2/hour = 28 – 461 (Fg/m3)
NO2/hour = 51 – 248 (Fg/m3)
AQO
800
300
Greenhouse Gas Modelling
Cumulative (Old + New Power Station)
Year
M tonnes CO2
2002
11.35
2012
10.21
% change
-10%
Steps in the EIA Process
Consultant – Client Agreement
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Notification and Application to EPD
Screening – Initial Data Collection and Preliminary
Draft – EPD
Determine Scope and Terms of Reference
*Impact Assessment – Identify, Measure, Evaluate,
Tests and Surveys – Liaison with EPD
Checking Findings - Full Report, Feedback – EPD
and Public (2 or 3 months)
Proposal Decision
Implementation, Monitoring and Audit
What does this mean? (Con’t)
5.0 Checking Findings
!
A statement or report is produced (the EIS –
Environmental Impact Statement)
!
This forms the basis of what the decision
makers, environmental managers and the
public have to interpret.
5.1 1,800 MW Gas-fired Power
Station at Lamma Extension
!
EIA CONTENTS
Executive Summary
PART B OF THE EIA REPORT – THE NEW POWER STATION
1.
2.
3.
VOLUME 1:
4.
INDEX - PART A OF THE EIA REPORT
!
5.
INTRODUCTION
!
6.
1. Background
7.
2. Development rationale
8.
3. Scope and objectives of the EIA
9.
4. Structure of the EIA report
10.
11.
12.
13.
Consideration of alternatives
Project description : the power station
Scope of the assessment
Air quality
Water quality
Noise
Landscape & visual impacts
Waste management
Land contamination
Marine ecology
Fisheries
Hazards to life
Summary and conclusions
1,800 MW Gas-fired Power Station
at Lamma Extension
Part C of the EIA REPORT – the transmission system
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Part D of the EIA REPORT – The Gas Pipeline
Part E of the EIA REPORT – Assessment of cumulative impacts
Part F of the EIA REPORT – Environmental monitoring & Audit
Part G of the EIA REPORT – Implementation schedule
Part H of the EIA REPORT – Overall summary & conclusions
The first technical ANNEX
The second technical ANNEX
The third technical ANNEX
What does this mean? (Con’t)
6.0 Proposal Decision – consideration of the information
in the EIS
!
!
!
!
!
The EIS should be concise and easy to understand (hence the
Executive Summary);
Irreversible, dangerous and costly impacts should be stated
explicitly;
Alternatives should be identified in the EIS and considered in
the decision process;
Environmental benefits resulting from the project should be
listed;
The original scope and its limitations relative to the findings
should be assessed
6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
ORDINANCE (CHAPTER 499)
Public Inspection of An Environmental Impact Assessment Report Under Section 7(1) An application for approval of
an environmental impact assessment (EIA) report for the << 1,800 MW Gas-fired Power Station at Lamma Extension
>> has been submitted by << The Hongkong Electric Co. Ltd. >> to the Director of Environmental Protection under
section 6(2) of the Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance. The EIA report prepared by the applicant is now
available for the public to inspect under section 7(1) of the Ordinance from << 5 March 1999 >> to << 3 April 1999 >>
at the following locations :
i.The EIA Ordinance Register Office, Environmental Protection Department, 27 th floor, Southorn Centre, 130
Hennessy Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong (Opening hours : 0900 to 1200 and 1330 to 1645 from Monday to Friday and
0900 to 1200 on Saturday);
ii.Wan Chai Environmental Resource Centre, 221, Queen's Road East, Wan Chai, Hong Kong (Opening hours :1000
to 1300 on Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, 1400 to 1800 on Wednesday) ;
iii.Tsuen Wan Environmental Resource Centre, Tak Wah Park, Tak Wah Street,Tsuen Wan, New Territories
(Opening hours :1000 to 1300 and 1400 to 1800 on Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday, 1400 to 1800 on
Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday);
iv.The Hongkong Electric Co. Ltd., HEC Operational Headquarters, 2 Yi Nga Drive, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong
(Opening hours: 0900 to 1300 and 1400 to 1700 from Monday to Friday and 0900 to 1200 on Saturday);
v.Southern District Office, 2/F., Mei Fung Court, Aberdeen Centre, Aberdeen and Islands District Office, 20/F.,
Harbour Building, 38 Pier Road, Central during normal office hours; and
vi.The EIA Ordinance Internet website:(http://www.info.gov.hk/epd/eia) for the executive summary of the report, 3
days after the date of this advertisement.
The public may forward written comments on the EIA report to the Director of Environmental Protection before the
public inspection period expires. The comments from the public will be forwarded to the applicant or any relevant
parties in the processing of the application. Any written comments should be sent to the following address by post or
fax: The EIA Ordinance Register Office, Environmental Protection Department, 27th floor, Southorn Centre, 130
Hennessy Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong Fax no. : 2147 0894 Date of this advertisement : << 15 March 1999 >> Date
of the first advertisement : << 5 March 1999 >>
6.2 1800MW GAS-FIRED POWER STATION
AT LAMMA EXTENSION
Reference of the Approved EIA Report in the Register : AEIAR-010/1999
Conditions of Approval under Section 8 (3) of the EIA Ordinance
1.
2.
3.
4.
The captioned power station shall be fuelled by natural gas
The recommendations of the EIA report, as exhibited in accordance with
Section 7 (1) of the Ordinance, shall be properly implemented.
To deal with key project changes after the approval of EIA report, the applicant
or the person in charge of the project shall seek written agreement form the
Director on those project changes would affect the findings and
recommendations of the approved EIA report, and shall demonstrate to the
satisfaction of the Director that the same environmental performance
requirements in the approved EIA report can be met by equivalent or
additional measures. Such information shall be made available to the public,
as directed byt he Director.
The approval of the EIA report shall not remove any person’s responsibility to
comply with other legislation or to obtain other government approvals.
Environmental Protection Department
May 1999
Steps in the EIA Process
Consultant – Client Agreement
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Notification and Application to EPD
Screening – Initial Data Collection and Preliminary
Draft – EPD
Determine Scope and Terms of Reference
*Impact Assessment – Identify, Measure, Evaluate,
Tests and Surveys – Liaison with EPD
Checking Findings - Full Report, Feedback – EPD
and Public (2 or 3 months)
Proposal Decision
Implementation, Monitoring and Audit
What does this mean? (Con’t)
7.0 Implementation, Monitoring and Audit
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Implementation is usually smoothly executed but
unexpected problems may arise
Monitoring and auditing provide direct feed-back on
the effectiveness of the EIA process
This stage helps improve planning, assessment and
management
This stage provides hindsight knowledge to future
planners and projects
7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND
AUDIT REQUIREMENTS
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The main objectives of the EM&A programme include:
To provide a database from which the environmental impacts of the
project can be determined;
To provide an early indication should any of the environmental control
measures or practices fail to achieve the acceptable standards;
To monitor the performance of the Project and the effectiveness of
mitigation measures;
To verify the environmental impacts predicted in the EIA;
To determine project compliance with regulatory requirements,
standards and Government policies;
To take remedial action if unexpected problems or unacceptable
impacts arise;
To provide data to enable an environmental audit to be conducted.
7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND
AUDIT REQUIREMENTS
7.1 Organisation and Structure of EM&A Programme
Operational Phase
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In line with EM&A Management Structure for the Construction Phase, an
Environmental Management Committee (EMC) will be established to
oversee the EM&A Programme for the operation of the Lamma
Extension. The Environmental Manager shall continue to be the official
contact person between the EPD and HEC and authorise all
submissions to the EPD in accordance with the requirements of the
Operational EM&A Manual.
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An Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) will be appointed by HEC
to audit and verify the overall environmental performance of the plant
and assess the effectiveness of the Generation Team and
Environemntal Team during the operational phase.
7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND
AUDIT REQUIREMENTS
7.2 Operation Phase – Air Quality Monitoring
Air emission from the new units in Lamma Extension is anticipated to be
regulated under the terms of a licence issued by the EPD under the Air
Pollution Control Ordinance. The licence will specify regulated limits on
all identified emission points in terms of emission rates and
concentrations; and the monitoring requirements at both source and the
receivers. The results of the monitoring data and statistics will be
submitted to the EPD at specified intervals or by on-line transmission.
To cover:
Stack emissions
Ambient air
Greenhouse gases
7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND
AUDIT REQUIREMENTS
7.2 Operation Phase – Air Quality Monitoring
Example 1
Stack emissions from the gas-fired units will be monitored by continuous
monitoring equipment installed in flue gas path to collect the data of
efflux NOX, CO, O2 and temperature, in line with the requirements of
similar gas-fired generating units. This provides a continual check on
the performance of pollution control devices incorporated in the new
units. A requirement to provide continuous records of emission
concentration for inspection by the EPD together with suitable alarm
facilities to warn operations staff of equipment failure of pollution
control plant will provide an adequate basis for monitoring emissions at
source.
8.0 Summary
An EIA requires
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Good project management
Well defined scope
Clear objectives
Well organised time schedule
Effective leadership
Integrated team of specialists
Teamwork and synergy between Consultants + Client + EPD
Clear and comprehensible EIS
Environmental Truth
Correct Decision