Candidate Number
Candidate Name
JUNIOR SECONDARY CERTIFICATE
ENGLISH SECOND LANGUAGE
1131/1
PAPER 1 Reading and Directed Writing
2 hours
Marks 50
2014
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION TO CANDIDATES
•
•
•
•
•
Candidates answer on the Question Paper in the spaces provided.
Write your Candidate Number and Name in the spaces at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
Do not use correction fluid.
Do not write in the margin For Examiner's Use.
•
Answer all questions.
•
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
For Examiner's Use
Section A
Section B
Total
Marker
Checker
This document consists of 19 printed pages.
Republic of Namibia
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
© MoE/DNEA
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[Turn over
2
SECTION A: READING SKILLS
Part 1
Read the following advertisement and then answer the questions on the next page.
WIN A WEEKEND AWAY
Get back to nature with a break at Ivory Tree Game Lodge
Ivory Tree Game Lodge lies in the north eastern part of the Pinesberg Game Reserve,
nestled between woodlands and elephant trails. Here you can see a wide variety of game,
including the Big Five, and retire at the end of the day to one of the 60 luxury double suites,
each with a full bathroom, mini-bar fridge, air conditioning and tea- and coffee-making
facilities.
But what is a weekend in the Bushveld without a safari experience? At Ivory Tree Game
Lodge you will be taken on game drives in a custom-built 10-seater 4X4 vehicle at dawn. You may be lucky enough to spot the reserve’s black and white rhinos, cheetahs and wild
dogs. Groups of guests are each assigned a personal guide to interpret the sights and sounds of
the African bush. Your guide will spend time with you at dinner and remain on call during
your stay.
One lucky reader will win two nights’ accommodation for two people sharing, with all meals
and two game drives a day included. Transport to and from the lodge is excluded.
For more information go to www.ivorytreegamelodge.com.
How to enter:
Complete the puzzle on the next page correctly, fill in your details and send your entry form
to You/Ivory Tree, P O Box 786289, Sandton, 2146. No registered mail will be accepted. Photocopies are not allowed, but printouts from the internet may be filled in by hand.
The competition is closed to staff of Media 24 and their immediate families, the sponsors
and the advertising agencies.
[Adapted from You, November 2012]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
3
1
. ........................................................................................................................ 2
[1]
Apart from the cheetahs, wild dogs, black and white rhinos, what other game
can guests see on a game drive?
. ........................................................................................................................ 4
[1]
What other facility, apart from the luxury double suites with full bathrooms, does
the Game Lodge offer to guests on a hot summer’s day?
. ........................................................................................................................ 3
For
Examiner’s
Use
What is the grand prize one can win if one enters for the advertised competition?
[1]
How will a guest from overseas know what all the animals and sounds in the
African bush mean?
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................ 5
What expenses will the winner of this competition have?
. ........................................................................................................................ 6
[1]
[1]
How should entries for this competition be submitted?
. ........................................................................................................................ [1]
[6]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[Turn over
4
Part 2
Read the following text and choose the correct answer. Put a tick () in the box
next to the correct answer to complete each statement.
GREEN LIVING
Deforestation is clearing Earth’s forests on a massive scale, often resulting in damage
to the quality of the land. The US Environmental Protection Agency describes it as “the
permanent removal of standing forests”. However, U.S. deforestation has somewhat
stabilised in part, due to a wave of forest management and environmental protection laws
enacted in the later decades of the 20th century. Forests still cover about 30 percent of the
world’s land surface, but vegetated areas, the size of Panama, are lost each year.
Forests are cut down for many reasons, most of them related to money or to people’s needs
to provide for their families. The biggest driver of deforestation is agriculture. Farmers
cut forests to provide more room for planting crops or grazing livestock, yet forests are
the source of employment and provide food for many people. Often many small farmers
will each clear a few acres to feed their families by cutting down trees and burning them
in a process known as “slash-and-burn” agriculture. This destruction can cause mass
migration to cities.
Deforestation also affects the earth’s physical environment by causing soil erosion, poor
water quality, reduced food security and impaired flood protection.
Deforestation has many negative effects on the environment. The most dramatic impact is
a loss of habitat for millions of fauna and flora. Seventy percent of Earth’s land animals and
plants live in forests, and many cannot survive the deforestation that destroys their homes. The result is that species that may not be present anywhere else on Earth disappear. Tropical areas like Brazil’s rainforest have the world’s highest concentrations of biologically
diverse species. Deforestation of tropical forests leaves many species of migrating birds
without a winter home.
Deforestation drives climate change. Forest soils are moist, but without protection from
sun-blocking tree cover, they quickly dry out. Trees also help maintain the water cycle by
returning the water vapour back into the atmosphere. Without trees to fill these roles, many
former forest lands can quickly become barren deserts.
Removing trees deprives the forest of portions of its canopy. This disruption leads to more
extreme temperature swings that can be harmful to plants and animals. Trees also play a
critical role in absorbing the greenhouse gases that fuel global warming.
Fewer forests mean larger amounts of greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere – and
increased speed and severity of global warming, changing rainfall patterns.
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
5
The quickest solution to deforestation would be to simply stop cutting down trees. Though
deforestation rates have slowed a bit in recent years, financial realities make this unlikely to
occur. Not all deforestation is intentional. Some deforestation is caused by a combination
of human and natural factors like wildfires and overgrazing, which may prevent the growth
of young trees.
A more workable solution is to carefully manage forest resources by eliminating clear cutting
to make sure that forest environments remain intact. The cutting that does occur should
be balanced by the planting of enough young trees to replace the older ones felled in any
given forest. The number of new tree plantations is growing each year, but their total still
equals only a tiny fraction of Earth’s forested land.
[Adapted from the Internet, Demand Media, 2013]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[Turn over
6
For
Examiner’s
Use
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer to complete each statement.
1
Deforestation is defined as
A a complete disappearance of rainforests.
B cutting down trees to make furniture.
C cutting forests for agriculture purposes.
D the immense removal of Earth’s forests.
2
[1]
U.S. deforestation has slightly stabilised because
A environmental protection laws have been passed.
B global effects in other countries are controlled.
C strategies to preserve rainforests have been introduced.
D thirty percent of the world’s land areas is saved annually.
3
[1]
Farmers cut down trees to
A cause soil erosion.
B have employment in cities.
C provide for their families.
D support “slash-and-burn” agriculture.
4
[1]
The most powerful impact deforestation has on species is the
A disappearance of different animals.
B increased animal migration.
C loss of natural habitat.
D reduced chances of survival.
5
[1]
According to the passage “removing trees” leads to
A extreme temperature changes.
B fewer greenhouse gases.
C forest lands becoming fertile deserts.
D regular rainfall patterns.
6
[1]
A realistic solution for deforestation is to
A control wildfires and overgrazing.
B manage forest resources to replace felled trees.
C provide financial support to struggling farmers.
D stop cutting down trees.
[1]
[6]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
7
Part 3
Read the following text and then answer the questions that follow.
SEAL CULLING OF THE CAPE FUR SEAL COLONY ON NAMIBIA'S COAST
The Namibian seal culling starts in July annually and lasts until November. Over 85 000
pups and 6 000 bulls were clubbed to death in 2012. It is now the largest slaughter of
marine wildlife on the planet. It is considered to be the most brutal of all culls and is
responsible for the death of more seals than even in the Canadian seal hunt. Culling of
seals at the Cape Fur Seal colony on Namibia’s coast means thousands of seals are killed
to keep their numbers down. The Cape Fur Seals have a natural mortality rate of around
30 percent within the first few weeks of being born. Clubbing begins when the seal pups
are just seven months old, still little babies, and still dependent on their mothers.
“However gruesome the methods of clubbing may sound, the killing of pups is the ‘most
practical and the only one applicable’ in Namibia. A club strike on the head of a pup (although
it may appear brutal) is humane if it achieves rapid, irreversible loss of consciousness and
leads to death”, according to the Namibian Ombudsman, John Walters, as quoted in the
“The Namibian” (26 June 2012), when he delivered his decision on seal culling in Namibia.
Loss of habitat, commercial fishing, pollution and starvation are also major threats to these
animals. Between 1994 and 2000, it is estimated that some 300 000 seals died from
starvation, even while the pup birthing rates decrease with each passing year. In 1993 the
pup birth rate was 164 248, in 2000 it was 147 823 and in 2006 it was just 107 910, yet
the Namibian government allows over 90 000 seals to be cruelly slaughtered each year. Although some refer to this act as a “cull”, seals are harvested to keep their numbers under
control. The seal numbers have to be controlled to ensure that seals do not become a
threat to the fish numbers along the Namibian coast. However, no matter what arguments
are put forth to justify the culling of seals, animal rights activists want to stop the culling and
seal trade. They argue that while the seals are battered under the guise of overfishing,
illegal overfishing and huge impacts are caused to the oceanic ecosystem by trawlers and
little is done to keep them in place.
The Seal Fur and Body Part Trade
The cullers argue that they are controlling overpopulation of the seals. Clubbing seems
cruel when euthanised options exist without brutal violence. The overpopulation argument
is one that intends to keep the entire industry covered up and to hide the trading in of seal
pelts, beauty product components and body parts. Omega 2 oil is also extracted from the
seals, and their meat is used in animal feed. These are the blood economics of culling. Actually, these battered seals are killed for human profit. Asia is a key market for selling off
the male seal sexual organs as an aphrodisiac.
The culling on the Namibian coast is driven by only one man, HatemYavuz, a TurkishAustralian, who has the contract to buy every skin resulting from the Namibian seal slaughter
until 2019. He pays $7 per pelt while foreign tourists pay $12 to view the colony. While
Yavuz will eventually sell his fur coats for as much as $30 000, local Namibian workers are
paid less than the minimum wage. There is no profit sharing scheme in place, and less
than 150 locals are employed for their participation in the culling of seals.
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[Turn over
8
Other cullers are Canada, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Greenland. The European
ban on the Cape Seal Fur is one step forward, however, the Namibian government’s haughty
response is that the EU ban would not affect them as they have other markets. What is
the point then? All avenues for trade must be halted with bans globally. No demand, no
supply! Of course, black market trade and poaching are bound to occur, but that is where
state enforcement and vigilant policing come in.
[Adapted from the Internet, July 2012]
1
How long does the culling of Namibian seals last?
. ........................................................................................................................ 2
[1]
Why is the culling of Namibian seals compared to the Canadian seal hunt?
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................ 3
Where are the Namibian seal pups and bulls killed?
. ........................................................................................................................ 4
[1]
Why, according to the text, does the Namibian government allow the culling
of seals along the Namibian coast?
. ........................................................................................................................ 5
[1]
[1]
How, according to the text, does the Namibian Ombudsman justify the culling
of seals in Namibia? Quote a sentence from the text as the answer.
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................ 6
[2]
Give two reasons from the text why the survival of seals is being
threatened? Write each reason on a separate line.
(a) ...................................................................................................................
(b) ................................................................................................................... 7
[2]
Why are animals rights activists campaigning for the stop of the culling of
seals along the Namibian coast? Write a full sentence and use your own words.
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................ JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[2]
For
Examiner’s
Use
9
8
For
Examiner’s
Use
Why does the writer refer to the killing of seals as the “blood economics of culling”?
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................ 9
[3]
Why, according to the text, is the trade in seal pelts not economically worthwhile
for Namibia?
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................ [3]
[16 ÷ 2 = 8]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[Turn over
10
Part 4
Read the following text and answer the questions that follow.
FROM TELEGRAPH TO CELLPHONE
The fascinating story of how today’s most versatile gadget came about
Can you imagine life without a cellphone? Today cellphones are much more than
just telephones you carry around with you. They are used to take photographs and
record and send video clips. They can also give you access to the internet, serve
as a global positioning system (GPS) and even be used as spirit levels. People
also listen to music or watch movies on their cellphones. This amazing technology
is a relatively recent phenomenon. This article looks at the history of the cellphone
and how it developed into the mini-computer we know today.
1
The telegraph
The development of the telegraph presented a great breakthrough in communication
technology. With this system information could be transmitted via electrical
impulses along a cable.
2
Many inventors have claimed the telegraph as their creation, but Samuel Morse
(1791‒1872), an American, improved on the prototype – enabling it to register
more than one electrical pulse and make dots and dashes on a moving strip of
paper – after a voyage from France to New York in 1832, when he learnt about
the link between electricity and magnetism. In 1844, Morse sent the first official
telegram message from Washington to his assistant in Baltimore, Maryland. 3
The telephone
On 2 June 1875, Alexander Graham Bell made his great breakthrough – by
accident. He and Thomas Watson, his technician, were in separate rooms working
on parts of a telegraph, linked to each other by a power cable. Bell realised he
could hear Watson pluck at one of the steel springs intended to produce sound.
4
Ohio professor Elisha Gray gave notice of his intention to register a telephone
patent on the day Bell applied for his patent. The patent office approved Bell’s
application because his lawyer arrived first and today Bell is recognised as the first
person to patent the telephone. 5
The cellphone
The concept of cellphones started to take shape in 1946 when researchers began
investigating transmitters and their range. Bell Laboratories’ technology for police
car radios sowed the seeds of cellular communication, but Motorola was the first
company to use the technology to develop a portable (devise/device) that could be
used outside cars too. Cellphones no longer look like “bricks” and now have the
capacity to do much more than just make and receive calls.
(Taken from You, August 2012)
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
6
11
1
Change the following statement to a question.
Cellphones give people access to the internet.
For
Examiner’s
Use
. ........................................................................................................................ 2
Rewrite the following sentence in indirect speech starting with: Samuel
Morse said … Samuel Morse, “Many inventors have claimed the telegraphs as their creation.”
[1]
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................ 3
[2]
Find a word in the text that has the same meaning as “a long journey”.
. ........................................................................................................................ [1]
4 Rewrite the following sentence in the passive voice starting with: The first
telegraph message …
Morse sent the first telegraph message in 1844.
. ........................................................................................................................ 5
Change the following sentence into the past tense.
Alexander Bell is the first man who registers his telephone patent.
. ........................................................................................................................ [1]
[1]
6(a)
Give a homophone for “hear” in par. 4 (a word that sounds the same, but
which is spelt differently).
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Make a sentence of your own with that word.
........................................................................................................................
7
Write down the correct spelling of the word in the following sentence.
Motorola was the first company to use the technology to develop a portable (devise/device) to carry around.
. ........................................................................................................................ JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[1]
[1]
[Turn over
12
8
Combine the following sentences using an appropriate word (conjunction).
Samuel Morse invented the telegraph. Alexander Bell invented the telephone.
For
Examiner’s
Use
. ........................................................................................................................
. ........................................................................................................................ [1]
[10]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
13
SECTION B
Part 1
Use the information below to complete the application form.
Your best friend’s mother, Emma Temba, saw an advertisement about a Cooking
from your Heart competition in which one can win AMC cookware. She is very
excited about the competition and asked you to complete the entry form on the
next page on her behalf.
Mrs Temba is a gourmet cook who likes to cook traditional Ovambo food. Her
speciality is traditional chicken in herb sauce and mahangu pap. She serves the
food with a green salad, made with spinach, onions and tomatoes. She also loves
to try out different dishes from all over the world. Her favourite dish is hot Asian
curry that she serves with rice.
Mrs Temba lives at 21 Jump Street, Rundu. Her postal address is P O Box 44,
Rundu. Her cellphone number is 081 259 8866. Her landline number is 066-279456
and her office number is 066-274698. Her e-mail address is [email protected]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[Turn over
14
For
Examiner’s
Use
COMPETITION – ENTRY FORM
COOKING FROM YOUR HEART
Complete the form in capital letters where applicable
PERSONAL DETAILS:
Name and Surname: ....................................................................................... [1]
Physical Address: ............................................................................................ [1]
Phone number: …………..................... (h) ............................................... (w)
[2]
e-mail: .............................................................................................................. [1]
Your recipe:
From which culture/tradition does your recipe originate?
. ........................................................................................................................ In which of the following categories will you place your recipe? Side dish: Tick () the appropriate box.
soups
Main courses: Tick () the appropriate box.
Beef/Lamb/Pork What is the name of your recipe? (e.g. Chicken curry with pineapple on rice)
salads
desserts
Fish/Seafood breads
Poultry Vegetarian [1]
. ........................................................................................................................ Types of food you also like to cook. Tick () the appropriate box.
Thai European Caribbean Asian [1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[10 ÷ 2 = 5]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
15
Part 2
Read the text below and write notes on what to do if you are caught in the middle
of an argument between your best friends as well as what to do when your best
friend starts an argument.
FIGHTING FRIENDS
The start of a new school year can bring loads of drama between friends. Here is how to
resolve World War BFF (Best Friends Forever).
Sometimes even the closest of friends can become embroiled in explosive arguments
and it might seem like the end of a friendship. But according to clinical psychologist
Gemma Cribb there is a positive side to friends falling out. “It gives you and your pal the
opportunity to really say what you feel and ask for what you need.” Learning to fight fairly
and handle the situation maturely is the key to getting through a rough patch.
When you are stuck in the middle
When Amy (15) found herself caught between two fighting groups of friends they gave her
an ultimatum – pick which group you want to be friends with. “They started complaining
about one another and making up rumours. It went on for four months and a lot of people
were in tears.” Amy was torn and could not choose.
How to play fair
Clinical psychologist Sally-Ann McCormack says it is imperative not to favour one group
or person over the other. “Talk about how each party must be feeling and say in different
words what they are trying to say to one another,” she says. “For example, ‘She is yelling
at you, but she is just letting you know she is hurt’.”
“It can be tempting to play mediator. However, be careful to be fair to both sets of
friends,” Gemma says. To avoid miscommunication, she suggests getting the two groups
together. “Encourage them to talk directly to one another – passing on messages can be
exhausting.”
Strike a balance between listening to your friends’ complaints and providing your
viewpoint. Make sure all your friends know that you care for them equally.
When your friend starts the argument
Natalie (17) saw her social life come crashing down when her friend accused her of
flirting with a boy she liked. “She got jealous and started telling the whole school I had
hooked up with this guy when I had not. He even told her it was not true, but she did not
want to listen,” Natalie says. Things got so bad between them that Natalie ended up
changing schools.
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[Turn over
16
For
Examiner’s
Use
What to do?
It can be tempting to bite back with nasty comments especially if you do not feel you have
done anything wrong. If you have an issue with a friend, keep it about the behaviour and
not the person. If you seem to differ, tell your friend that you will think about what she
said and that you will do whatever you can to help your friendship. Listen to your friend. You do not have to agree with him/her, but at least think it over to see if there is anything
you need to change. Face any conflict situation, do not try to avoid it. Be friendly and do
not avoid your friend, even if you feel uncomfortable around him/her. Try to get back to a
normal situation so that the fight will pass.
Adapted from You January 2013
Write notes on what to do:
When you are stuck in the middle of an argument between your best friends
• ..............................................................................................................................
• ..............................................................................................................................
• ..............................................................................................................................
• ..............................................................................................................................
[4]
When your best friend starts an argument.
• ..............................................................................................................................
• ..............................................................................................................................
• ..............................................................................................................................
[3]
[7]
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
17
Part 3
Read the following passage and then answer the question on the next page.
POWER UP WITH POSITIVITY
Do you want more friends, top marks at school, chilled parents and that guy or girl to like
you? We have got the secret!
We have discovered something rather crazy here! There are people among us with super
powers! You do not believe us? Think about this: do you know someone for whom
everything just seems to work out perfectly? We asked psychologist Mary Johnson to
explain. She says, while it is not quite the same as being able to become invisible or move
objects with your mind, they do possess a power of sorts – a positive attitude. “When you
are positive, people are drawn to you. You become a bit of a magnet and attract positive
experiences,” she says.
How to harness your positivity with guys or girls: The male species is particularly susceptible
to the power of positivity. “Guys are more attracted to smiles and happy conversations
than girls,” Mary says, adding a positive attitude sets you apart from girls or boys who just
complain or look bored.
Susan (16) can vouch for this. She was feeling pretty happy on civvies day at school
because she was wearing a cool new outfit. Then the boy she liked very much told her
she looked gorgeous. “I was speechless,” she recalls. Mary says Susan would have been
radiating positively with her smile and confident body language, making it easier for the boy
who liked her to approach her.
To make friends: Whether you are at a cousin’s birthday party or on holiday with the
family, being in a place where you do not know a soul can be the most awkward and lonely
situation. But by harnessing that positive attitude and using it to meet new people you can
turn awkwardness into awesomeness.
Mary says, remember other people are just as nervous to approach you. “Go up to someone
and say, ‘Hi, I am so and so.’ You do not have to say anything witty, just hello. People often
do not know what to say. If you make it easy for them, they will like you for it.”
On you and your parents: Showing your parents you have a positive attitude will make
them feel they can trust you more. Graham (14) says he has been allowed to go out more
since his parents noticed his great attitude. “I got them to trust me to go out with my friends
without adult supervision by behaving responsibly and not by going behind their backs,”
he explains. On interacting with your parents Mary says, “Be willing to compromise, admit
when you are wrong, show them what you have learnt – and appreciate that they do what
they do because they love you.”
To score at school: Having the right attitude when it comes to assignments and teachers
can turn a tough school life around. “Teachers love it if you are motivated and enthusiastic,”
Mary says. Janine (15) hated school until she changed her mindset. “I was really struggling
with Maths so I just gave up and started mucking around,” she admits. “Eventually it came
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[Turn over
18
to a head and I ended up crying about it in a meeting with the teacher. I decided I just had
to do my best and be happy with that. Straightaway I felt less stressed, could concentrate
better and my marks improved.” Like magic, right?
Your best friend moved to another school and finds it difficult to adapt to the new
environment. In his/her last letter he/she complained that his/her confidence is gone and
being at the new school is difficult. In addition, his/her parents do not want him/her to go
out in the new town without their supervision.
You have read the article above and feel you have advice to give to your friend.
Write a letter to your friend and give him/her advice so that he/she can feel positive about
the new school and environment. Your letter should be about 150 words in length. Do
not write an address. Use only the information in the text to answer the question.
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
19
For
Examiner’s
Use
Dear ................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1
[8]
20
BLANK PAGE
JSC 2014, English Second Language Paper 1