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0.25
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B: Negative specific heat
C: Positive specific heat
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and approximately zero specific heat (for the Lynden−Bell model)
Zero specific heat (for the Binary star model)
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except for the Lynden−Bell model that involves zero specific heat for ν less than or equal to −3
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