Name: ______________________
Class: _________________
Date: _________
ID: A
Module F Unit 1 Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. On a cold morning, Pierre observed that the grass looked wet. The picture below shows what Pierre
observed.
Which term best describes what Pierre observed?
A.
B.
C.
D.
dew
fog
mist
snow
1
Name: ______________________
____
ID: A
2. Tai grows plants in a container called a terrarium, as shown below. He keeps the terrarium on a sunny
windowsill.
The terrarium is closed, so Tai cannot add water to the plants. However, the plants have enough water to
grow. Which of these statements best explains why the plants always have enough water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
____
3. As water changes state, the water either absorbs or releases energy. Which of these answers is a process
that releases energy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
____
ice subliming
snow melting
lake water freezing
ocean water evaporating
4. As water changes state, the water either absorbs or releases energy. Which of these changes of state
would involve water absorbing energy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
____
The air cannot hold all of the water vapor.
Water is unable to evaporate from the soil.
The plants take up water and store it in their stems and leaves.
Energy from the sun cycles water through the soil, the plants, and the air.
condensation
deposition
evaporation
freezing
5. Which process changes water into a gaseous state?
A.
B.
C.
D.
deposition
sublimation
precipitation
condensation
2
Name: ______________________
____
6. After a day of rain, Samuel observed that a field on his family’s farm was covered in water. The next
morning, the field appeared dry. Which of these statements is the least likely explanation of what
happened to the water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
____
The water was absorbed into the soil.
The water seeped through the ground.
T he water evaporated into the atmosphere.
The water slowly trickled to lower ground as runoff.
7. A weather report stated that rain was likely with some snow and hail also possible. Which statement is
not true about rain, snow, and hail?
A.
B.
C.
D.
____
ID: A
They
They
They
They
all form in clouds.
are all precipitation.
are all the same state.
are all made of water.
8. Some hurricanes originate in the tropical regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea, and they often
travel along the coast of Florida. The figure below shows a hurricane cloud that formed over the Atlantic
Ocean.
Which two processes would have occurred for the hurricane to form over the ocean?
A.
B.
C.
D.
freezing and condensation
evaporation and precipitation
evaporation and condensation
condensation and precipitation
3
Name: ______________________
____
ID: A
9. During the day, water from the ocean is transferred to the atmosphere. Which of the following describes
the energy change that takes place during the transfer?
A. Energy is transported
cooler.
B. Energy is transported
warmer.
C. Energy is transported
atmosphere cooler.
D. Energy is transported
atmosphere warmer.
from the atmosphere to the ocean, which makes the ocean
from the atmosphere to the ocean, which makes the ocean
from the ocean to the atmosphere, which makes the
from the ocean to the atmosphere, which makes the
____ 10. Within which type of water body does water move the slowest?
A.
B.
C.
D.
river
cloud
ocean
groundwater
____ 11. Which of the following is the best example of how the water cycle carries on energy transfer?
A.
B.
C.
D.
a flooding river depositing silt on a floodplain
a warm ocean current warming the air above it
ocean water depositing sand particles on a shore
water seeping through the soil and dissolving salts
____ 12. A glass of ice water is shown below before and after it reaches room temperature.
Which of the following correctly explains something that occurred in the time between these two
images?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The ice cubes expanded in volume as they melted into liquid water.
As water vapor condensed on the glass, it absorbed energy.
The water droplets outside the glass absorbed energy as they evaporated.
Some liquid water inside the glass sublimated into water vapor in the air.
4
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 13. Which of the following is not a way that water reaches Earth’s atmosphere?
A.
B.
C.
D.
condensation
evaporation
sublimation
transpiration
____ 14. A certain percentage of water that falls to Earth’s surface as precipitation each year does not
immediately return to the water cycle. Which of the following is the best explanation as to what happens
to most of this water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The water falls into the ocean, where it evaporates back into the atmosphere.
The water is stored as snow and ice on the Earth’s surface.
The water molecules are broken down into hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
The water is absorbed and used by plants.
____ 15. Hydrogen and oxygen are the two elements that make up water. Which of the following diagrams
correctly shows how these elements form a water molecule?
A.
B.
C.
D.
5
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 16. Why is Earth's water vapor not found in low places only, as Earth's liquid water is?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Unlike liquid water, water vapor cannot flow downhill.
Unlike liquid water, water vapor expands to fill available space.
Unlike liquid water, water vapor takes the shape of its container.
Unlike liquid water, only water vapor can exist in the atmosphere.
____ 17. What percentage of water on Earth is fresh water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.5
3
7
18
____ 18. Which statement correctly identifies how solid water is different from liquid water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
In solid water the molecules are farther apart.
Only in solid water are the molecules not polar.
In solid water the molecules are closer together.
Only in solid water do the molecules lack spaces between them.
____ 19. How does the property of cohesion affect the way liquid water behaves?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Water forms droplets whenever possible.
When water freezes, it becomes less dense.
Water retains heat longer than other substances do.
When water vaporizes, it stores more energy than liquid water stores.
____ 20. Which example of water's importance on Earth most directly relates to the economic health of
developing countries?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Most of Earth's water is in the form of salt water.
Adequate water supplies are needed to grow food crops.
Every living organism on Earth is made up partly of water.
Water has a much higher heat capacity than other substances have.
____ 21. A water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Which of the following
statements about water molecules is true?
A. All of the atoms have a positive charge.
B. All of the atoms have a negative charge.
C. The oxygen atom is positively charged and the hydrogen atoms are negatively
charged.
D. The oxygen atom is negatively charged and the hydrogen atoms are positively
charged.
6
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 22. The circle graph below shows the distribution of water and land on Earth.
Which statement best explains the graph?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A is land, B is fresh water, and C is salt water
A is salt water, B is fresh water, and C is land
A is fresh water, B is land, and C is salt water
A is salt water, B is land, and C is fresh water
____ 23. Which of the following is an example of cohesion?
A.
B.
C.
D.
water transforming into vapor
water soaking into a paper towel
water slowly dissolving rocks over time
water forming droplets during a rainstorm
____ 24. Which of the following best describes the relationship between developing nations, clean water, and
human health?
A. Many developing nations lack access to clean water; this can harm human health.
B. Clean water is never available in developing nations, so human health is always a
major issue there.
C. Human health does not depend on clean water; health issues in developing nations are
not related to water.
D. Contaminated water and human health is not a problem in developing nations, but it
is a problem in developed nations.
____ 25. Which of the following correctly explains why icebergs float in the ocean?
A. Ice is less dense than liquid water because water contracts when it freezes,
filling in open space between molecules.
B. Ice is less dense than liquid water because there is more open space between
molecules in ice than in liquid water.
C. Ice is more dense than liquid water because there is less open space between
molecules in ice than in water.
D. Water is a polar molecule, so the net positive electrical charges in the water
repel the net positive electrical charges inside the iceberg.
7
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 26. Which of these circle graphs most correctly shows the approximate proportions of fresh water and salt
water on the surface of the earth?
A.
B.
C.
D.
____ 27. A watershed exists in a mountainous area. In which type of water body will the water flow the fastest?
A.
B.
C.
D.
lake
river
aquifer
tributary
____ 28. Which of the following is used to calculate a stream's discharge?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the
the
the
the
distance its water travels over time
volume of water that flows over time
amount of sediment it carries over time
amount of dissolved minerals it carries over time
____ 29. Which type of soil can retain the greatest amount of water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
one
one
one
one
that
that
that
that
has low porosity
has high porosity
has low permeability
has high permeability
8
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 30. The groundwater in a certain area is being pumped out to provide drinking water. What must happen for
the water table to remain unchanged?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The
The
The
The
rate
rate
rate
rate
of
of
of
of
discharge must equal the rate of recharge.
discharge must be less than the rate of recharge.
discharge must be greater than the rate of recharge.
discharge must fluctuate less than the rate of recharge.
____ 31. Which term is used to refer to the path that a river or stream takes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
divide
channel
gradient
tributary
____ 32. Which of the following is a measure of the amount of open spaces between the particles of rock and soil?
A.
B.
C.
D.
porosity
saturation
permeability
precipitation
____ 33. Which of the following most directly prevents erosion in a watershed?
A.
B.
C.
D.
soil type
plant life
sediment transport
agricultural irrigation
9
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 34. The diagram below shows a side view of several layers of rock below Earth's surface.
Which rock layer provides the best long-term storage of groundwater?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Layer I
Layer II
Layer III
Layer IV
____ 35. Water moves under Earth's surface to fill open spaces. What is the top of this underground water called?
A.
B.
C.
D.
watershed
water table
groundwater
surface water
10
Name: ______________________
ID: A
Short Answer
1. The diagram below shows the changes among the three states of water.
Fill in each of the three blank lines with the correct term for the change of state shown by the arrows. In
the key, circle the correct word to show whether water absorbs or releases energy in the changes of state
shown by that type of arrow.
2. Most of the energy that powers ocean waves and ocean currents ultimately comes from the sun. Using
what you learned in Lessons 1, 2, and 3, describe how ocean waves and ocean currents transfer solar
energy around the globe.
11
Name: ______________________
ID: A
3. The diagram below shows a water molecule.
Explain how the diagram shows that water is made up of polar molecules.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
12
Name: ______________________
ID: A
4. The diagram below shows a water molecule.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Draw an identical water molecule next to the one in the diagram to show how two water molecules would
arrange themselves. Which property of water does this show?
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
5. Give two examples of the importance of water to human activities, explaining how the water is used.
13
Name: ______________________
ID: A
6. The diagram below shows the changes among the three states of water.
Fill in each of the three blank lines with the correct term for the change of state shown by the arrows. In
the key, circle the correct word to show whether water absorbs or releases energy in the changes of state
shown by that type of arrow.
7. Most of the energy that powers ocean waves and ocean currents ultimately comes from the sun. Using
what you learned in Lessons 1, 2, and 3, describe how ocean waves and ocean currents transfer solar
energy around the globe.
14
Name: ______________________
ID: A
8. The diagram below shows a side view of several layers of rock below Earth's surface.
Which of the rock layers shown in the diagram would not make good aquifers? Explain your reasoning.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
15
Name: ______________________
ID: A
9. The diagram below shows the changes among the three states of water.
Fill in each of the three blank lines with the correct term for the change of state shown by the arrows. In
the key, circle the correct word to show whether water absorbs or releases energy in the changes of state
shown by that type of arrow.
10. Most of the energy that powers ocean waves and ocean currents ultimately comes from the sun. Using
what you learned in Lessons 1, 2, and 3, describe how ocean waves and ocean currents transfer solar
energy around the globe.
16
Name: ______________________
ID: A
Essay
1. The diagram below shows an area of land near an ocean.
Which part of the diagram represents runoff? Explain.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Which part of the diagram represents infiltration? Explain.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
17
Name: ______________________
ID: A
2. The diagram below shows an area of land near an ocean.
Describe two ways that rainwater that falls on the land could be transported to the ocean without first
entering the atmosphere.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
18
Name: ______________________
ID: A
3. Describe four ways that water is important. Then, give an example from your life that illustrates each of
the ways that water is important.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
19