Sacagawea
(Sah-kah’gah-way’a)
Resourceful Explorer
S
acagawea was born a Shoshone Indian in the late 1780s
in what is now Idaho. Shoshones were nomadic Native
Americans and moved their tepees frequently to obtain food,
following the salmon runs and buffalo migrations. They also
knew how to locate edible roots and berries. A peaceable people,
Born: around 1789,
they owned and rode horses, which caused other tribes to envy
probably in what is now
and sometimes prey on them. It was a hard life, which demanded
the state of Idaho
numerous skills to survive. Bird Woman (as Sacagawea’s name is
Died: probably around
sometimes translated) learned these skills well. Still, at age 12,
1812, at Fort Manuel in
camped near what is now called the Three Forks of the Missouri
present-day South Dakota
River, Sacagawea was captured by Hidatsa warriors and taken
Famous for:
to their village. There, at the age of 16, she married Toussaint
accompanying the Corps
Charbonneau, a French fur trader. In 1805, she gave birth to
of Discovery (Lewis and
Clark Expedition)
their son, Jean Baptiste.
The Corps of Discovery (Lewis and Clark Expedition) met
Sacagawea at Fort Mandan. They built their fort near the villages of the Mandan Indian tribe
(in what is now North Dakota). Spending the winter of 1804–05 there, they prepared for the
journey ahead. They decided to hire Charbonneau as an interpreter. Clark agreed to it, but
worried about having an eight-week-old infant (in a cradleboard) with them on such a hard
journey. But he adored the baby he called “Pomp,” and had enormous respect for “Janey” (his
name for Sacagawea).
Because members of the expedition kept journals, we know just how much Sacagawea
contributed to the success of their journey. Her presence smoothed the way for the Corps.
Native Americans, seeing a Shoshone woman with her baby, realized the explorers were coming
in peace. She was able to communicate with other tribes. Her many examples of loyalty and
bravery inspired the men. Knowledge of the wilderness allowed her to obtain food. Keeping
her head, she saved papers and supplies when a boat capsized. Though very young when she
was taken from her homeland, she remembered the area and guided the expedition through it.
Reunited there with her brother Cameahwait, a Shoshone chief, she persuaded him to supply
them with horses. William Clark said Sacagawea “deserved a greater reward for her attention and
services on that route than we had in our power to give her.”
Today, Sacagawea would be stunned by the honors bestowed on her. Statues, place names,
and a silver dollar all salute her. Her very name has come to stand for “courage.” At a young
age she longed to see the Pacific Ocean. Because of her great skill, resourcefulness, and extreme
bravery, she got her wish!
46
Comprehension-Boosting Crosswords: Famous Americans © Silvia Charlesworth, Scholastic Teaching Resources
Comprehension-Boosting Crosswords
Name
Sacagawea
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
16
18
19
20
DOWN
ACROSS
2.The name Sacagawea is sometimes translated
as
Woman.
1.Sacagawea carried her baby in a
her back.
3.The
Indians followed game and
possessed horses.
5.Shoshones were
, which means they
moved from place to place.
4.Lewis, Clark, and other members of the
expedition recorded events in their
.
on
8.William Clark nicknamed Jean Baptiste,
Sacagawea’s baby, “
.”
6.
, chief of the Shoshones, was
Sacagawea’s brother.
10.A fur trader, Sacagawea’s husband was
Toussaint
.
7.Sacagawea persuaded her brother to supply
the expedition with
.
13.When there are no written records, birth and
death
are sometimes approximations
(good guesses).
9.At the time of the Lewis and Clark Expedition,
the West was wilderness and Indian villages,
and
such as Idaho and South Dakota
didn’t exist yet.
11.The Shoshones fished for salmon and hunted
.
12.The word
as a boat.
means to overturn, such
17.When she was about 12 years old,
warriors captured Sacagawea.
18.Sacagawea’s likeness is on a United States coin
worth one
.
19. Sacagawea joined the Corps of Discovery
when Pomp was eight
old.
14.Sacagawea knew how to gather
plants, roots, and berries.
16.Lewis and Clark built Fort
Mandan Indian villages.
15.Migratory Indians used portable tents called
.
near the
20. Seeing the Pacific
was Sacagawea’s
dream, and she attained it.
Comprehension-Boosting Crosswords: Famous Americans © Silvia Charlesworth, Scholastic Teaching Resources
47
Answer Key
SACAGAWEA
(page 46)
Down:
2. Bird
3. Shoshone
4. journals
6. Cameahwait
7. horses
9. states
11. buffalo
12. capsize
14. edible
16. Mandan
Across:
1. cradleboard
5. nomadic
8. Pomp
10. Charbonneau
13. dates
15. tepees
17. Hidatsa
18. dollar
19. weeks
20. Ocean
62
Comprehension-Boosting Crosswords: Famous Americans © Silvia Charlesworth, Scholastic Teaching Resources