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Acheson, Dean, 294
Adair v. United States (1908), 242n73, 256,
260
Adams, Abigail, 99, 135
Adams, John, 6, 152
and election of 1800, 100
Adams, John Quincy, 90, 102, 146, 152, 158
and election of 1824, 142
on impeachment, 117, 119
Adkins v. Children’s Hospital (1923), 250,
277–9, 282, 324
Agger, Carol, 306
Agricultural Adjustment Act, 264–5, 267
A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp, v. United
States (1935), 261n163, 266
Alexander v. Holmes County Board of
Education (1969), 314, 317
Alito, Samuel, 4, 351, 354, 363
American Bar Association (ABA), 293, 295–6
American Farm Bureau Federation, 293
American Federation of Labor (AFL), later
AFL-CIO, 253, 293
American Independent Party (Wallace
candidacy), 304
American Revolution of 1776, 56
Americans for Democratic Action, 293
Ames, Fisher, 97
Annals of Congress, 36
Anti-Federalism (Anti-Federalists), 74,
77–78, 86, 89, 104, 147
and acceptance of the Constitution of
1787, 90
and Martin Van Buren’s characterization
of, 141
Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty
Act (AEDPA) of 1996, 360–1, 369
Arendt, Hanna, 57
Articles of Confederation, 73, 104, 138, 168,
170
Ashwander principle, 237, 342
Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority
(1936), 237n51
Atchison, David, 194
Baker v. Carr (1962), 283, 285–6, 341n14
Baltimore American, 119, 122
Bates, Edward, 189, 191–2
Bayard, James, 116, 126, 127
Bayh, Birch, 320–1
Bennett, Robert, 299, 301
Benson, Lee, 50
Berger, Raoul, 339, 344
on judicial restraint, 342–3
on textualist originalism, 342–3, 369–71
Bickel, Alexander, 20, 381
on Brown v. Board of Education, 342–3
and the countermajoritarian difficulty,
20–22
on judicial restraint, 342–3, 370
Bill of Rights, 84, 89, 129, 280, 362
Bingham, John, 195, 200
Black, Charles, 381
Black, Hugo, 337, 343
Blackmun, Harold, 307
Blair, John, 81–82
“Bleeding Kansas,” 194
Blount, William, 115
Impeachment of, 116, 127
Bolingbroke, Lord Henry, 92, 93
Borah, William, 241, 259
Bork, Robert, 319, 331
Boudinot, Elias, 81
Boumediene v. Bush (2008), 57–60, 348, 355,
361, 369
385
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386
Boutwell, George, 205–6, 208, 209
Bowers v. Hardwick (1986), 364, 365
Bradley, Joseph, 215, 216
Bradley v. Milliken (1971), 318
Brandeis, Louis, 237, 342
and Muller v. Oregon (1908) and “Brief,”
250–1
Breckenridge, John, 108
Brennan, William, 294, 296, 297, 344
Brewer, David, 250
Breyer, Stephen, 256–7
Brookings Institution, 265
Brooks, Preston 194
Broomfield, William, 317
Brown, Janice Rogers, 331
Brown, Joseph, 178
Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 286,
288–92, 316, 317, 338, 339, 370
and difficulty of decision, 290
as “living constitutionalism,” 340
as originalist, 344–5, 370
as pluralism reinforcing, 188–9
Political party support of, 290–1
as a rejection of originalism, 340
Southern reaction to, 289–92
Brutus, 77–78, 84, 97
Bryan, William Jennings, 232–5
“Cross of Gold” speech, 232
Democratic candidacy of, 232–5
Buchanan, James, 132, 178
and Repeal of Section 25 of the 1789
Judiciary Act, 159–61
and support for Dred Scott ruling, 166–7
Budd v. New York (1892), 230n12
Burger, Warren, 283, 303, 305, 341, 360, 363
on school busing to achieve integration,
315–19
Swann ruling of, 315–16
Burges, Tristam, 155
Burgess, Susan, 27
Burt, Robert, 137
Burton, Harold, 297
Bush, George H. W., 328, 339
Bush, George W., 329, 333, 339, 347, 362,
370
Characterization as moderate, 329–30
and presidential signing statements, 352–4
Busing (school integration), 309–17
Butler, Pierce, 100, 262n163
Cadwalader, John, 191
Calabresi, Steven, 349–50
Caldeira, Gregory 48, 49
Calder v. Bull (1798), 83
Calhoun, John, 137
Callender, James, 121
Cantor, Eric, 378
Cantwell v. Missouri (1905), 251n124
Cardozo, Benjamin, 237, 243
Carriage Tax Act, 82
Carswell, G. Harold, 306–7, 308
Carter, Jimmy, 287
and judicial appointments, 324–9, 333, 370
Cary v. Curtis (1845), 160
Catron, John, 204
Ceaser, James, 139
Cellers, Emmanuel, 292, 308
Chase, Salmon, 201, 203
Ruling in Ex parte McCardle, 207
Ruling in Hepburn, 216
Chase, Samuel, 13, 29, 73, 83, 104, 112, 308
on constitutionality of the Repeal Act of
1802, 109
and criticism of appointment to the
Supreme Court, 120
and eight articles of impeachment, 126
Impeachment of, 85, 103, 104, 113–29, 374
on the Judiciary Act of 1802, 110
on a strike in response to the Repeal Act,
110–11
Cherokee removal, see Worcester v. Georgia
(1832)
Chevron v. Natural Resources Defense
Council (1984), 351
Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railway
Co. v. Minnesota (1890), 230n14
Civic republicanism, 45, 54–64, 67–68, 370
as collapsing after the Civil War and
Reconstruction, 221–2, 375
and conspiracy theory, 57, 172–7
and Jeffersonian hostilities toward judicial
authority, 71–131
and Martin Van Buren’s characterization
of political opposition, 141–5
and party competition, 177–80
Civil Rights Act of 1866, 196
Civil Rights Act of 1964, 310–12
Civil Rights Cases of 1883, 344
Civil War, 43, 56, 171, 172, 190–2, 221–2,
375, 377
Clay, Henry, 142, 143, 156
Clayton Antitrust Act, 253, 254, 255–9, 288
Clear statement rule, 258–9
Clemens, Elisabeth, 251
Cleveland Plain Dealer, 178
Clinton, William J., 328, 329, 360
Judicial appointment strategy of, 328–9,
333
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Clinton D. Mayhew Inc. v. Wirtz (1969), 351
Cole v. Young (1956), 292, 293, 297, 301
Columbia University, 236, 237, 285
Columbian Centinnel, 106
Combatant Status Review Trials (CSRTs),
355, 357–60
Communist Party, 294
Congressional Globe, 36
Congressional Record, 36, 301
Connecticut Courant, 124
Constitutional amendments, 32
Eighth Amendment, 365–6
Fourteenth Amendment, 196
on judicial structure and authority, 32, 34,
36–39
Thirteenth Amendment, 196
Cooley, Charles, 239
Cooper, Thomas, 120
Cooper v. Aaron (1958), 47, 283, 285
Cooper v. Telfair (1800), 81, 83
Corwin, Edward, 242, 243
Countermajoritarian difficulty, 7, 19–31
and the Supreme Court’s response, 15
Court-curbing tactics, 31–42
Courts
and civic republicanism, 54–64
and liberal pluralism, 54–64, 272–84
and party development, 4–10, 64–67,
374–5
Crawford, William, 142
Cribb, Kenneth, 350
Croly, Herbert, 239
Cummings, Homer, 265
Cummings v. Missouri (1867), 205
Dahl, Robert, 22–24, 47
Dallas, Alexander, 100
Daniel, John, 232
Davis, David, 201
Declaration of Constitutional Principles,
291–2
Declaration of Independence, 129
Defense of Marriage Act of 1994, 361
DeLay, Tom, 2
Deman, William, 324
Democratic Party, 132–4
and 1896 national platform, 232–3
and 1956 national platform, 290–1
and 1988 national platform, 328
Associated with “Slave Power,” 172–7,
192–204
Development of, 138–45
Perceptions of early Republican Party,
177–80
387
Sectional rift of, 298–302
as a single constitutional party, 138–45
Democratic-Republican Clubs, 91
Dent, Harry, 312
Departmentalism, 32–33, 168–9, 181, 220–1,
346–7, 375
Detainee Treatment Act (2005), 30, 334, 348,
354, 355–62
Devins, Neal, 24
Dewey, John, 238–9
Dingell, John, 322
Dirksen, Everett, 299
District of Columbia v. Heller (2008), 379
Douglas, Stephen, 132, 173, 181–2, 221, 233
Douglas, William, 288
Impeachment attempt against, 307–8
Ruling in Griswold, 337
Drake, Charles, 212
Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857), 14, 134, 139,
163–7, 181, 185, 192, 200, 208, 217,
218, 231, 232, 233, 247, 342, 344,
347, 370
in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 181–3
Lincoln’s interpretation of, 183–5
Duplex Printing v. Deering (1921), 255–6
Educational Amendments of 1972, 317–23
Edwards v. Carpenter (2000), 360n88
EEOC v. Home Ins. Co. (1982), 351
Ehrlichman, John, 313
Eisenhower, Dwight, 23
and alleged frustrations with Earl
Warren, 23
on support for Brown and desegregation,
295
on support for civil liberties rulings of
1957, 295
Eisenstadt v. Baird (1971), 337n5
Election of 1800, 100–103
Election of 1824, 142–3
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
(ESEA) of 1974, 317–23, 334, 335
Ely, John Hart, 57, 370
“Enemy combatants,” 354–62
Epstein, Lee, 49
Equal Rights Amendment, 278
Esch, Marvin, 320
Escobedo v. Illinois (1964), 341n14
Evarts Act, 30, 214
Ex parte Garland (1867), 205
Ex parte McCardle (1868), 206–12, 266,
288, 357, 369
Ex parte Merryman (1861), 191–2
Ex parte Milligan (1866), 205, 207
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388
Exceptions Clause of the U.S.
Constitution, 33
Family Research Council, 2, 53n45
Sponsoring of Justice Sunday Telecast, 2, 3
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 294,
296, 302
Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, 295
Federalism (Federalists), 71, 74, 84, 86, 91,
92, 104, 113, 118
and James Madison’s depiction of, 95
and Martin Van Buren’s characterization
of, 141
and position on legitimacy and loyalty of
political opposition, 87–103, 133
Federalist 9, 92, 93
Federalist 10, 5, 61, 92, 94, 96, 142, 143
Federalist 37, 88
Federalist 49, 88
Federalist 51, 142, 143
Federalist 65, 115
Federalist 78, 76–77
Federalist 80, 78
Federalist Society, 341, 344, 349
Ferejohn, John, 25–26, 29
Field, Stephen, 201, 202–3
Fielding, Fred, 349
Filibuster (in the U.S. Senate), 33, 286, 320,
324, 335
of Fortas as Earl Warren’s replacement,
306, 330
as harnessing judicial power, 34, 329–34
of lower federal judges, 329–34
Fillmore, Millard, 195
Finch, Robert, 312, 313, 314, 335
First Employer’s Liability Cases (1908),
242n73
Fish, Hamilton, 216
Fiss, Owen, 249
Ford, Gerald, 307–8
Fortas, Abe, 306, 307, 330
Fourteenth Amendment, 196, 280
Due process clause, 243
Progressive Era consideration of repeal of,
243
Frankfurter, Felix, 158, 237, 265
on difficulty of Brown decision, 290, 340
on sex difference and protective legislation,
278–9
Freedman’s Bureau, 196
Fremont, John, 178, 195
French Revolution of 1789, 57
Fried, Charles, 350
Friedman, Barry, 210–11
Frist, William (Bill), 330, 332
Fuller, Melville, 235
Fundamental rights, 361–2
Gallatin, Albert, 100, 117
Gang of Fourteen, 331–4, 335
Gannet, Frank, 270
Gardner, John, 311
Gazette of the United States, 107
Gerry, Elbridge, 84
Geyh, Charles, 28–30, 158, 288
Gibson, James, 48, 49
Giffords, Gabrielle, 63
Giles, William Branch, 100, 107, 308
on impeachment of Samuel
Chase, 123–4
Gillman, Howard, 25
Gingrich, Newt, 10
Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 329
Dissent in Gonzales v. Carhart, 367
Glass, Carter, 270
Goldberg, Arthur, 337
Goldmark, Josephine, 250–1
Gompers, Samuel, 255, 258
Gompers v. United States (1914), 245
Gonzales v. Carhart (2007), 364, 367
Gordon, James, 90
Gore, Al, 6
Gorton, Slade, 322–3
Graber, Mark, 25, 210
Grant, Ulysses S., 199, 203, 205, 214
and Court-packing, 212–17
Great Depression, 264
Great Society programs, 285, 309, 311, 362,
363
Greely, Louis, 242
Green v. New Kent County School Board
(1968), 311, 313, 319
Grey, Thomas, 339, 344
and originalism or interpretivism, 343–4,
369–71
Grier, Robert, 160, 215
Griswold, Roger, 108
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), 337–8,
341n14
Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), 24n22
Habeas corpus, 207, 210, 359–62
Habeas Corpus Act of 1867, 207, 210
Haldeman, H. R., 308–9, 310, 315
Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (2004), 3n10, 354,
355–7, 358
Hamdi v. Rumsfeld (2004), 356
Hamilton, Alexander, 76, 78, 84, 92, 93
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as characterized by Martin Van Buren,
140–45, 165
and the need to expand the lower federal
judiciary, 106
on the scope of impeachment, 115
Hand, Learned, 242
Hanna, James, 90
Harper, Robert Goodloe, 97, 101, 102
on representing Samuel Chase at his
impeachment trial, 125–6
Harper’s Weekly, 177, 209, 213, 216
Harrison, Benjamin, 233
Harrison, John, 349–50
Harvard University, 236, 285
Hayburn, William, 81
Hayburn Case (1795), 81–82, 111
Haynsworth, Clement, 306, 307, 308
Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW),
Department of, 311
and enforcement of school busing policy,
311–17
Hennings, Thomas, 296
Henry, Patrick, 90
Hepburn v. Griswold (1869), 215
Hirschl, Ran, 25
Hoar, Ebenezer R., 215
Hofstadter, Richard, 57
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 237, 273, 274
Home Building & Loan Association v.
Blaisdell (1934), 227, 272, 274–7, 282,
342, 368
Hoover, Herbert, 243
Hoover, J. Edgar, 294
Hughes, Charles Evans, 270, 272
on Dred Scott, 217
on Home Building & Loan v. Blaisdell,
275
Hume, David, 92, 93–94
Humphrey, Hubert, 303
Huston, Tom, 325
Hylton v. United States (1796), 81, 82, 141
Impeachment, see judicial impeachment
Impeachment, non-judicial, 36, 114–16
In re Debs (1895), 231, 232, 256
Indian Removal Act, 159
Ingersoll, Ebon, 198
INS v. Chadha (1983), 351
International Association of Machinists, 256
Invalid Pensions Act of 1792, 81–82
Iredell, James, 76, 83, 84, 120
Jackson, Andrew, 14, 32, 56, 152, 199, 347, 375
as compared to Jefferson, 135
389
as compared to Lincoln, 180–1
and the election of 1824, 142–3
and relations with the Supreme Court, 132,
134–5, 218–19
and veto of the national bank, 145–9, 218
Jacobs, Jr., Andrew, 308
Jefferson, Thomas, 6, 32, 97, 282, 347, 374,
375, 377, 380
as compared to Jackson and Lincoln,
180–1, 187–8
and the election of 1800, 100–103, 104
on impeaching John Marshall, 124
on impeachment of John Pickering, 118
on impeachment of Samuel Chase, 122
and the Kentucky Resolution, 98–99
and position toward judicial authority,
84–86
and position toward party, 96
Jencks Act, 296–302, 334
Jencks v. United States (1957), 294
Jenner, William, 297
Jenner-Butler Bill, 297–302
Jensen, D. Lowell, 349
Johnson, Andrew, 195–9, 203
as compared to Andrew Jackson, 199
Impeachment of, 199, 209, 211
as part of the “Slave Power,” 198–9
and veto of the Civil Rights Act of 1866,
197
and veto of the Freedman’s Bureau Act, 197
Johnson, Hiram, 240, 266
Opposition to FDR’s Court-packing plan,
268–70
Support for judicial recall, 240–1
Johnson, Lyndon B., 298, 353
on replacing Earl Warren, 305
as senate majority leader, 298–302, 335
Joint Committee on Reconstruction, 196
Judicial activism, 1, 67, 368–9, 382
definition of, 1n1
and rhetoric of, 1–2, 51–52
Judicial impeachment, 29, 31, 34–35, 287
of Judge John Pickering, 116–19
of Justice Samuel Chase, 113–30
as undermining judicial authority, 34–35
Judicial neutrality, 13
and the 1826 congressional debate, 151–9
and the 1860s congressional debate, 200
and Chief Justice John Roberts, 16n38
and civic republicanism, 228–9
Public assumption of, 48–49
as resolution of the impeachment of Justice
Samuel Chase, 128–9, 131, 163
and Senator John Cornyn, 16n38
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390
Judicial recall, 29, 31
Progressive movement for, 238–49
as undermining judicial legitimacy, 34–35
Judicial review, definition of, 20, 48
as criticized by Brutus, 77–78
as discussed by Andrew Jackson, 136
and early judicial articulation of, 80–84
as examined in Federalist 78, 76–77
and Framers’ ideas about, 74–80
as “pluralism-reinforcing,” 228n9
Judicial supremacy, 27–31, 32, 285–6, 373
Judiciary Act of 1789, 30, 37n71, 79–80,
105, 106, 111, 112, 151, 152
and possible repeal of Section 25, 135, 136,
138, 159–61, 210
Judiciary Act of 1801, 103, 104, 105, 106,
113, 155
Judiciary Act of 1802, 105, 109–10
Judiciary Act of 1807, 151
Judiciary Act of 1837, 141, 151, 162–3,
200–202, 205, 218
Judiciary Act of 1862, 200, 201–2
Judiciary Act of 1866, 201–2, 203, 206
Judiciary Act of 1869, 203, 204–5, 212–17
Comparisons with the 1801 Judiciary
Act, 212
Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 (FDR
Court-Packing Plan), 7, 19, 26, 28, 30,
105, 261–72, 288
as harnessing judicial power, 35, 267–8
Public opinion of, 270–2
Jurisdiction stripping, 33
as harnessing judicial power, 34–35
and the Reconstruction Congress,
205–12
Justice at Stake, 31, 53n45
“Justice Sunday” telecasts, 3–4
Kagan, Elena, 380–1
Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, 164–5, 193
Kellogg, William, 201
Kelly, Francis, 251, 278–9, 324
Kennedy, Anthony, 2
Decision in Gonzales v. Carhart, 367
Decision in Lawrence, 365
Kennedy, Robert, 305, 315
Kennedy v. Louisiana (2008), 365–6
Kentucky Resolution of 1798, 98–99, 108,
135, 136, 168
Kerr, Robert, 299, 301
Keyes v. School District No. 1 (1973), 310,
323
King, Jr., Martin Luther, 55
King, Rufus, 91
Klein, Herbert, 305, 310
“Know-Nothing” Party, 193, 195
Knox v. Lee (1870), 215
Konigsberg v. State Bar (1957), 294
Korean War, 294
Korematsu v. United States (1944), 370
Kramer, Larry, 82, 102–3
Kutler, Stanley, 200, 204, 218–19
Kyl, John, 380–1
LaFollette, Robert, 246
Laissez-faire, 225, 243
Landis, James, 158
Lawrence v. Texas (2003), 24n22, 49, 364–5
Legal realism, 227, 237–8, 240–1, 252, 274,
283
Legal Tender Act of 1862, 215, 216
Legal Tender Cases (1870), 215–16
Legitimate opposition, 5, 11, 372–383
and constitutional interpretation, 6, 12,
14, 45
and Federalist position toward it, 87–103
and Jackson’s position toward it, 134–8
and political idiom, 54–64, 67–68
and political party development, 6–9, 12,
88–96, 373–4
and secession, 118
Leonard, Gerald, 133, 134, 143
Liberal pluralism, 45, 54–64, 67–68, 221–2,
286, 375
and Adkins v. Children’s Hospital, 278–9
and Carolene Products, 277–81
and Court development, 64–67, 375
Liberty of contract, 225
Lincoln, Abraham, 6, 14, 32, 61, 62, 170,
218–19, 233, 277, 282, 347, 375, 377,
380
Connections to Progressive ideas about
judicial recall, 240, 246, 247
on Dred Scott, 181–90
on Ex parte Merryman, 191–2
and first inaugural address, 180, 220
and ideas about political parties, 171,
183–90, 220–1
and interpreting constitutional silences,
180–92, 219
on Jackson’s national bank veto, 184–6
on the “Slave Power” conspiracy, 173–4
Litigation Strategy Working Group, 349, 351
“Living” Constitution, 226–8, 274–7, 340,
369
Livingston, Edward, 156, 157
Lochner v. New York (1905), 237n50, 337,
347, 370
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Holmes’s dissent, 244–5
Peckham’s ruling, 249
Locke, John, 74, 243
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 241–2, 248
Loewe v. Lawler (1908), 242n73, 251n125,
256
Louisville Democrat, 181
Lovell, George, 25, 256, 257, 259
Loving v. Virginia (1967), 361
Loyal opposition, 5, 11, 372–83
and constitutional interpretation, 6, 12,
14, 45
and originalism, 16
and political idiom, 54–64, 67–68
and political party development, 6–9, 12,
88–96, 373–4
and Republican characterizations of,
172–7, 192–204
on return of illegitimate opposition, 5n17,
10
and secession, 118
and the Tea Party, 10
Luther v. Borden (1849), 206, 208
Madden, Martin, 257
Madison, James, 5, 61, 83–84, 88, 90, 92,
100, 132, 142, 152, 372
as characterized by Martin Van Buren,
140–45
and essays on political parties, 95–96, 107,
144, 167
and Federalist 10, 92, 94–95
and veto of the national bank, 146
and Virginia Resolution, 84, 98–99
Majority Rule and Democracy, 245
Mallory v. United States (1957), 295, 298,
300, 301, 302
Mansfield, Mike, 299, 318, 333
Marbury, William, 111
Marbury v. Madison (1803), 10, 28, 47, 74,
80, 83, 86, 105, 108, 111, 147, 230,
232, 276, 282, 284, 343
as “rediscovered” in the 1890s, 230, 235–6
Marshall, John, 74, 80, 84, 108, 109, 162,
216, 218, 276, 343
and Andrew Jackson’s baiting of, 134–5
and Marbury v. Madison, 111–12
and McCulloch v. Maryland, 136–7,
216–17
on opposition to Indian Removal Act, 159
on possibility of striking in reaction to the
Repeal Act, 110
and possible impeachment charges against,
124
391
Marshall, Thurgood, 381
Mason, George, 115
McCain, John, 63, 377–8
and rhetoric of “activist judges,” 368–9
as member of Gang of Fourteen, 332–3
McCardle, William, 207
McCarthyism, 377
McClellan, John, 296
McClosky, Robert, 288, 381
McConnell, Mitch, 378
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), 132, 135,
136, 149, 150, 181, 216, 343
McDonald v. Chicago (2010), 379
McGovern, George, 308
McKinley, William, 233
McReynolds, James, 262n163
Meese III, Edwin, 339, 348, 350
on Brown, 344
on originalism, 344–7, 370–1
“Memorandum of Understanding on Judicial
Nominees” (2005), 331
Mercer, John, 154, 155
Merryman, John, 190–1
Military Commissions Act of 2006, 3n10, 30,
334, 348, 356–62
Miller, Samuel, 201
Milliken v. Bradley (1974), 321, 323
Miranda v. Arizona (1966), 341n14
Mississippi v. Johnson (1867), 206
Model Cities Act of 1966, 311
Monroe, James, 88, 139–40, 152
Morehead v. New York ex. rel. Tipaldo
(1936), 262n163
Morgan, Dick, 258
Morris, Aldon, 55
Mugler v. Kansas (1887), 28n41
Muller v. Oregon (1908), 249–53, 273, 274,
277, 278
Munn v. Illinois (1877), 230n13
Murdock, Victor, 258
Murphy, Walter, 290, 301
Muskie, Ed, 315
Nation, 208, 213, 216, 268
National Association of Manufacturers, 293
National Consumers’ League, 250–3, 278
National Gazette, 95
National Industrial Recovery Act, 264–5,
268
National Intelligencer, 122
National Recovery Administration, 30,
264–5
National Republicans, 143, 144
National Women’s Party, 324
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392
Nebbia v. New York (1934), 261n163
Nelson, Knute, 257–8
Nelson, Samuel, 215
New Deal, 66, 264–6, 362, 363, 374
New Republic, 297
New York Herald, 179, 207, 213
New York Sun, 234
New York Times, 248, 378
New York Times Magazine, 267
New York World, 234
Nicholson, James, 122
Nixon, Richard, 24, 302–23, 360, 368
Competition with George Wallace, 311–12
Judicial appointment strategy of, 303–9,
325, 369
and jurisdiction-stripping, 26, 28, 287, 302
Opposition to busing to achieve school
integration, 311–12, 314–15
and pursuing judicial impeachment, 287
Support of Brown, 314
as vice president, 296
NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel
Corporation (1937), 273
Norris, George, 260
Norris-LaGuardia Act, 253, 254, 255,
259–61, 288
Northcross v. Board of Education (1970),
315–16
Nullification doctrine, 135, 136, 137–8
Obama, Barack, 10, 63, 378, 380, 381
O’Connor, Sandra Day, 1, 54, 378
Office of Legal Counsel, Reagan
Administration, 339, 348–52
Office of Legal Policy, Reagan
Administration, 327
Olney III, Warren, 296
O’Mahoney, Joseph, 296, 297
Omnibus Judges Act of 1978, 325–7, 336
O’Neill, Johnathan, 176
Opposition, see legitimate opposition and
loyal opposition
Originalism, 16, 52–53, 338, 370–1, 376–7,
378–9
Benjamin Cardozo’s argument against,
243–4
and the conservative legal movement, 53
and early textualism, 86, 222, 376
in the Reagan administration, 338–40
Rejection of, 237, 243–4, 274–7
Revival of, in mid-twentieth century, 338,
340–47, 369–71
and the speeches of Edwin Meese, III,
344–7
Strains on contemporary originalism,
379–81
and the writings of Raoul Berger, 342–3
and the writings of Thomas Grey, 343–4
Our Judicial Oligarchy, 243
Outlook, 246, 248
Owen, Priscilla, 331
Owen, Robert, 240
Pacific Salmon Treaty Act of 1985, 349
Parents Involved in Community Schools v.
Seattle District No. 1 (2007), 49
Parker v. Davis (1870), 215
Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, 367
Patterson, William, 80, 110
and Stuart v. Laird ruling, 112
Paul, Alice, 278–9
Pearce, Duttee, 157
Peckham, Rufus, 249
Pennoyer, Sylvester, 232
Pennsylvania v. Nelson (1956), 292, 293,
297, 298
Philadelphia Aurora, 107–8, 122
Pickering, John, 113
Impeachment of, 116–19
Pickering, Timothy, 117, 123, 124
Pitney, Mahlon, 256–7, 258, 259
Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992), 24n22,
364, 366–7
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), 344, 347, 370
Plumer, William, 118, 120, 123
Police power, 229–30
Political parties, definition of
and Abraham Lincoln’s ideas about,
180–90
and founding generation antipathy toward,
88–96
and James Madison’s essays on, 95–96
and judicial development, 4–10, 64–67,
374–5
and Martin Van Buren’s ideas about,
138–51
as party systems, 87–88
Progressive antipathy toward, 238–42
and William Seward’s ideas about, 174–7
Pollack v. Farmers’ Loan and Trust Co.
(1895), 231n22, 235
Pollack v. Farmers’ Loan and Trust Co.
(1896), 231n22, 235
Pomerene, Atlee, 259
Populism, 228–36, 281–2
and James Weaver’s position toward the
Supreme Court, 230–1
Posner, Richard, 48
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Post, Robert, 338
Pound, Roscoe, 255
Powe, Lucas, 288
Powell, Alfred, 157
Preemptive federalism doctrine, 292–3
Presidential signing statements, see signing
statements
Prize Cases (1867), 202–3
Progressive Era, 14–15, 30, 225–84
Progressives, 225–84
Criticism of the Constitution, 238–49
Criticism of political parties, 238–42
Judicial decision recall, 242–8
Judicial recall, 238–42
Public opinion, 238–42
Pryor, William, 331
Railroad Commission Cases (1886), 230n13
Randolph, Edmund, 81–82
Randolph, James, 100, 308
and impeachment of Samuel Chase, 119,
123–7
Ransom, William, 245
Reagan, Ronald, 1, 32, 287, 362, 369, 375,
380
Judicial appointment strategy of, 327–8,
333, 370
Office of Legal Counsel, 339, 348–52
Office of Legal Policy, 327
and originalism, 338–47
and presidential signing statements,
348–52
Reagan v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co.
(1894), 230n12
Reconstruction, 43, 56, 64, 171, 195–9,
205–12, 213, 217, 375
Reconstruction Acts, 198–9, 206, 209
“Red Monday,” 294–5
Reed, Stanley, 290
Register of Debates, 36
Rehnquist, William, 331, 346, 360, 363
Reid, Harry, 330
Repeal Act of 1802, 104, 106, 107–10, 111,
121, 129
Republican Party, 1, 51, 170, 363
and 1860 national platform, 187
and 1956 national platform, 290–1
and 1968 national platform, 304–5
and 1980 national platform, 326–7
and 2000 national platform, 53
Conflicting Jeffersonian and Lincolnian
traditions, 226–8
Development of, 172–80
as a single constitutional party, 172–7, 218
393
Rivers, Mendel, 292
Roane, Spencer, 130
Roberts, John, 4, 339, 363, 379, 380
Roberts, Owen, 262n163, 270
Robinson, Joseph, 262
Roe, Gilbert, 243
Roe v. Wade (1973), 24n22, 36, 49, 337n5,
341, 367
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 7, 32, 375, 380
and 1937 Judiciary Reorganization Bill
(Court-Packing Plan), 7, 19, 26, 28,
30, 152, 225–6, 253, 261–72, 324
Roosevelt, Theodore
Advocacy of judicial decision recall, 242–9
Progressive Party presidential candidacy,
246–9
Publications in the periodical, The
Outlook, 246
Roper v. Simmons (2005), 365n108
Ross, John, 108
Russell, Richard, 291
Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific
Railroad (1886), 230n13
Scalia, Antonin, 346, 354
Dissent in Boumediene, 359
Dissent in Hamdan, 354
Schiavo, Terri, 2
School District of Abington Township v.
Schemp (1963), 341n14
Schurz, Carl, 173, 174
Schware v. Board of Bar Examiners (1957),
294
Scott, Hugh, 318
Secession, 102, 186–9
Second National Bank of the United States,
138
and Jackson’s Veto of it, 145–9
Sedgwick, Theodore, 106
Sedition Act of 1798, 86, 96–99, 104, 116,
120
Segal, Jeffrey, 49
Senatorial courtesy, 324–5
Service, John, 294
Service v. Dulles et. al. (1957), 294, 297
Seward, William, 170, 183, 219
and comparisons to Martin Van Buren,
171, 174, 219
and establishment of Republican Party,
174–7
Sex equality and protective legislation,
249–53, 278–9
Sheldon v. Sill (1850), 160
Sheply, James, 305
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394
Sherburne, John Samuel, 117
Sherman, William T., 199
Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 231
Siegel, Reva, 338
Siemers, David, 94, 96
Signing statements, 33, 348–54, 377
“Silent majority,” 309
Skocpol, Theda, 252
Skowronek, Stephen, 32
Slaughterhouse Cases (1873), 229n11,
230n12, 242, 243, 277
“Slave Power,” 172–7, 192–204, 207, 211
Slochower v. Board of Education (1956),
292, 297
Smith, Howard, 293, 294
Smith, William, 83
Smith Act (Alien Registration Act) of 1940,
292–3, 295
Sotomayer, Sonia, 380
Southern Christian Leadership Conference,
55
Southern Manifesto, see Declaration of
Constitutional Principles
Spears, James, 350
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 234
Stanbery, Henry, 204
Standard Oil Co. v. United States (1911), 248
Stenberg v. Carhart (2000), 367
Stevens, John Paul, 355–6
Stevens, Thaddeus, 195, 196–7
Stewart, Jon, 1
Stewart, Potter, 337
Stewart, William, 211–12
Stone, Harlan, 280
Strong, William, 215, 216
Stuart v. Laird (1803), 105, 109, 111, 112
Substantive due process, 253
Summary Suspension Act of 1950, 292
Sumner, Charles, 194–5
Supreme Court, see Courts
Sutherland, George, 262n163, 272, 342
Dissenting in Home Building & Loan v.
Blaisdell, 275–7
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg Board of
Education (1971), 310, 315–20, 322, 323
Swayne, Noah, 201
Sweezy v. New Hampshire (1957), 295, 297
Taft, Robert, 270
Taft, William Howard, 28, 260
against judicial recall, 241, 246
Taft-Hartley Act (The Labor-Management
Relations Act) of 1947, 292–3
Taney, Roger, 14, 133, 161, 214, 342
and ruling in Dred Scott, 163–7
and ruling in Ex parte Merryman, 190–2
Tarr, Ralph, 350–1
Tea Party, 379
Teague v. Lane (1989), 360
Teles, Steven, 362–3
Tenure of Office Act, 199
Texas v. White (1869), 211
Thayer, James Bradley, 237
Thomas, Clarence, 354
Thurmond, Strom, 291, 298
Tiederman, Christopher, 230
Tillman, Benjamin, 232
Time Magazine, 305
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 203
Trumbull, Lyman, 197, 206, 210, 212, 232
Tulane University, 346
Union Party, 177
United States Chamber of Commerce, 293
United States Circuit Judge Nominating
Commission, 325–6
United States v. American Tobacco Co.
(1911), 248n103
United States v. Butler (1936), 266
United States v. Callender (1801), 120–1
United States v. Carolene Products (1938),
65, 66, 227–8, 273, 274, 277–81, 286,
288, 368, 370, 381
Footnote Four, 280–1, 282, 383–4
United States v. E. C. Knight Co. (1895),
231, 232
United States v. John Fries (1800), 120
United States v. Yale Todd (1794), 81, 82
Van Buren, Martin, 5, 14, 61, 88, 131–60,
170, 203, 205, 219–21, 282, 380
on Andrew Jackson’s relationship with the
Supreme Court, 135, 138–51, 167–9
as builder of the Democratic party, 131–2,
138–45, 167–9
and characterization of Jefferson’s position
on judicial impeachment, 114
as compared to Abraham Lincoln, 187–8
and correspondence with James Madison,
140n38
Defense of Andrew Jackson’s veto of the
national bank, 147–51
on Dred Scott, 163–7
on judicial reform, 158–9
and Judiciary Act of 1837, 162–3
and position on judicial power, 132, 184
Van Devanter, Willis, 261, 262n163
Vanhorne’s Les see v. Dorrance (1795), 80n46
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Vinson, Fred, 290
Virginia Resolution of 1798, 84, 98
Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act)
of 1935, 292
Wainwright v. Sykes (1977), 360
Wallace, George, 303–4, 311–12, 319
Wallace, Henry, 265
Walsh, Thomas, 260
War on Terror, 286, 348, 354–62
Warren, Earl, 19, 285, 297, 309, 340, 346,
363, 369
Calls for impeachment of, 381
and countermajoritarian judicial rulings,
20, 23, 284, 381
on jurisdiction-stripping legislation of the
1950s, 288
Retirement of, 205
Washington, George, 81, 90, 119
Washington Daily Morning Chronicle, 208
Washington Evening Express, 211
Watergate scandal, 320, 348
Watkins v. United States (1957), 294–5, 297
Weaver, James, 230–1
Webster, Daniel, 147–8
on reform of the federal judiciary, 153–4
West Coast Hotel v. Parish (1937), 66,
262n163, 273, 274, 282
395
Wheeler, Burton, 266
Opposition to FDR’s Court-packing plan,
267–8, 271–2
Whig Party, 133, 140, 143, 172, 174, 193,
194
White, Wilson, 296
White v. Hart (1871), 211n165
Whitten amendment, 311, 313–14
Whittington, Keith, 25, 27, 32, 180
Wickliffe, Charles, 155–6
Wiecek, William, 217
Williams, Thomas, 206
Williams v. Taylor (2000), 360
Wilson, Henry, 208, 209, 212
Wilson, James, 81–82, 121
Wilson, Joe, 378
Wilson, Woodrow, 258
Wiscart v. Dauchy (1796), 160
Wolcott, Oliver, 120
Wolfson, Louis, 306
Worcester v. Georgia (1832), 132, 134, 138,
147, 150, 181, 218
Wright, John, 157
Yale University, 237, 285
Yates v. United States (1957), 295, 297,
298
Yellow-dog contracts, 260–1
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