Candidate
Forename
Candidate
Surname
Centre
Number
Candidate
Number
OXFORD CAMBRIDGE AND RSA EXAMINATIONS
ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY GCE
F791
GEOLOGY
Global Tectonics
WEDNESDAY 20 MAY 2009: Afternoon
DURATION: 1 hour
SUITABLE FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED CANDIDATES
Candidates answer on the question paper.
OCR SUPPLIED MATERIALS:
None
OTHER MATERIALS REQUIRED:
Electronic calculator
Ruler (cm/mm)
READ INSTRUCTIONS OVERLEAF
DC (CW/SW) OV90814 10870/2
© OCR 2009
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
•
Writeyournameclearlyincapitalletters,yourCentre
Number and Candidate Number in the boxes on the
first page.
•
Useblackink.Pencilmaybeusedforgraphsand
diagramsonly.
•
Readeachquestioncarefullyandmakesurethat
youknowwhatyouhavetodobeforestartingyour
answer.
•
AnswerALL the questions.
•
Writeyouranswertoeachquestioninthespace
provided,howeveradditionalpapermaybeusedif
necessary.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
•
Thenumberofmarksisgiveninbrackets[]atthe
end of each question or part question.
•
Thetotalnumberofmarksforthispaperis60.
•
W
hereyouseethisiconyouwillbeawarded
marksforthequalityofwrittencommunicationin
youranswer.
•
Youmayuseanelectroniccalculator.
•
Youareadvisedtoshowallthestepsinany
calculations.
2
BLANK PAGE
3
Answer ALL the questions.
1
The map below shows North and South America and
the surrounding oceans.
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
(a) (i) On the map shade and label
• atrench
• afoldmountainchain[2]
(ii) On the map shade and label ONE area of high
heat flow. Label this area as A.[1]
4
(iii) Explainwhythisareaofhighheatflowexists.
_______________________________________
_____________________________________ [1]
(iv) OnthemapshadeandlabelONE area of low
heat flow. Label this area as B.[1]
(v) Explainwhythisareaoflowheatflowexists.
_______________________________________
_____________________________________ [1]
5
(b) (i) In the space below draw a cross-section of
aconvergentplatemargininvolvingoceanic
plates. Add the following labels:
• earthquakes
• volcanoes
• partiallymeltingcrust
• convectioncurrents
• islandarc
Ifyoucannotdrawthediagramyoumay
provideacleardescriptionwhichshould
includedetailsoflabelsnamedabove.
[5]
6
(ii) Explainwhyearthquakesoccuratconvergent
plate margins.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_____________________________________ [2]
(c) Earthquakesarecapableofcausinghuge
amountsofdamagetothebuiltenvironment.
Nameanddescribeamethodusedbyengineers
toreducetheimpactofearthquakesonabuilt
structure.
method ____________________________________
description _________________________________
________________________________________ [2]
[Total:15]
7
2
(a) (i) The diagram below is a cross-section through
adivergentplatemargin.
Add the following labelled features to the
diagram:
• convectioncurrents
• risingmagma
• volcanicactivity
• axial rift
sea level
[4]
(ii) Describe and explain the possible causes of
platemovementsatmid-oceanridges(MORs).
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_____________________________________ [2]
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BLANK PAGE
QUESTION 2(b) STARTS ON PAGE 10
9
(b) The graph below can be used to calculate the rate
of spreading at the North Atlantic Ridge.
Key
North Atlantic
distance from MOR / km
East Pacific Rise
250
200
150
100
50
0
0
1
2
3
millions of years
4
(i) Draw the graph to show spreading at the East
PacificRise.Usedatainthetablebelow.[3]
distance from
MOR/km
millions of
years
0
50
100
150
200
0
0.8
1.7
2.5
3.4
10
(ii) Calculate the rate of spreading of the East
PacificRise.Showyourworking.
_______cm/year [2]
(iii) HowdoesthegraphshowyouthattheEast
Pacific Rise is spreading at a faster rate?
_______________________________________
_____________________________________ [1]
(c) Whatisthecompositionoftheigneousrocksthat
comprise the oceanic crust?
In your answer, you should use appropriate
technical terms, spelled correctly.
________________________________________ [1]
[Total:13]
11
BLANK PAGE
QUESTION 3 STARTS ON PAGE 13
12
3
(a) Define the terms stress and strain in relation to
rocks:
stress ____________________________________
________________________________________ [1]
strain _____________________________________
________________________________________ [1]
(b) Whenrocksaredeformedtheybehaveina
competent or incompetent manner. Define each
termandgiveanexampleofarockthatdeformsin
eachway.
(i) competent ______________________________
_______________________________________
example ______________________________ [2]
(ii) incompetent ____________________________
_______________________________________
example ______________________________ [2]
13
(c) Thediagramsbelowshowthreetypesoffault.
C
D
E
14
(i) NamethefaulttypesC,D and E.
C ______________________________________
D ______________________________________
E ____________________________________ [3]
(ii) Label the footwall on fault Dopposite.[1]
(iii) Complete the table below using C,D and E to
showthetypeofstressforeachfaulttype.
stresstype
fault (C,D or E)
compression
shear
tension
[2]
15
(d) Slickensidesandfaultbrecciasaretwofeatures
that can be found along fault planes.
(i) In the space below draw a labelled diagram to
showslickensides.
Explainhowtheyform.
Ifyoucannotdrawthediagramyoumay
provideacleardescriptionwhichshould
includedetailsoflabelsthatyouwouldinclude
on a diagram.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_____________________________________ [3]
16
(ii) In the space below draw a labelled diagram to
show a fault breccia.
Explain how it forms.
Ifyoucannotdrawthediagramyoumay
provideacleardescriptionwhichshould
includedetailsoflabelsthatyouwouldinclude
on a diagram.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_____________________________________ [3]
[Total:18]
17
4
(a) (i) The Sun is made of two main elements. State
the names of these two elements.
In your answer, you should use appropriate
technical terms, spelled correctly.
element 1 _______________________________
element 2 _____________________________ [2]
(ii) TheSolarSystemhasterrestrialplanets
(Earth-like),gasgiantsandsmallerbodies.
Name TWO terrestrial planets other than the
Earth.
terrestrial planet 1 ________________________
terrestrial planet 2 ______________________ [2]
(iii) WhatpropertiesmaketheseplanetsEarthlike?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_____________________________________ [2]
[Total:6]
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BLANK PAGE
QUESTION 5 STARTS ON PAGE 20
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5 Inthisquestion,youmayusediagramstoillustrate
youranswer.
DescribethedetailedlayeredstructureoftheEarth’s
mantleandcore.Foreachlayerdescribeits:
• depth
• physicalstate
• composition.
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
20
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
___________________________________________ [8]
[Total:8]
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Optionalextensionsheet.Ifyouusethislinedpageto
completeananswertoanyquestion,thequestionnumber
MUSTbeclearlyshown.
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END OF QUESTION PAPER
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