[MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Writing task one: tables You will be given one table of figures. Your task is to describe the information given in the graph by writing a 150 word report. You are not asked to give your opinion. You should spend around 20 minutes on the task. What is being tested is your ability to: objectively describe the information presented in a table compare and contrast report on an impersonal topic without the use of opinion use language appropriate to the description of tables Sample task You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the table below. Write at least 150 words. Your task Complete the Task One report exercise above. Spend only 20 minutes.Then look at the notes and the sample answer below. IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 1 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Guidelines for a good answer Does the report have a suitable structure? Does it have an introduction, body and conclusion? Does it include connective words to make the writing cohesive within sentences and paragraphs? Does the report use suitable grammar and vocabulary? Does it include a variety of sentence structures? Does it include a range of appropriate vocabulary? Does the report meet the requirements of the task? Does it meet the word limit requirements? Does it describe the whole graph adequately? Does it focus on the important trends presented in the table? Sample answers We will now compare two sample answers, one better than the other. How well does each one follow the guidelines? Sample answer The table shows how people in different age groups spent their leisure time in Someland. It can be clearly seen that the amount of leisure time available varied considerably across the age groups. Teenagers in Someland spent 1,200 hours a year watching TV and those in the over 70s group spent 100 hours less at 1,100. They spent 150 hours on socialising with 4 or less people compared with 200 hours at the other end of the scale. They spent 350 hours socialising with 4 or more people compared with 25 hours. The teenagers spent 450 hours on group exercise but retired people didn‟t do any. In conclusion, we can see that in Someland the teenagers and retired people prefer to spend their free time in different ways. Teacher's comments on the sample answer “The report structure is clear and well organised with an introduction, body and conclusion. The candidate uses repetitive grammatical structures and vocabulary which would bring the mark down considerably. The tense used is not appropriate as there is no indication on the table that IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 2 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy the figures refer to the past. Also the reader doesn‟t know who is being referred to in the two sentences on socialising. The word „prefer‟ in the conclusion is inappropriate because the table does not give any indication of people‟s reasons for spending their time on one activity rather than another. Someone may choose indoor rather than outdoor activities because of their health although they would prefer to go outside. In terms of task requirements the report has serious problems. Although in writing about a table you will have the difficulty of there being too much information to put into a 150 word report, you can‟t solve this problem by ignoring whole sections of the table. In this case the candidate simply compared two age levels and ignored the rest.” Sample answer The table shows how people in different age groups spend their leisure time in Someland over the course of a year. It can be clearly seen that the amount of leisure time available varies considerably across the age groups and that people of different age levels have very different ways of spending their leisure time. According to the figures, as people age in Someland their social lives reduce. Teenagers and people in their twenties spend on average 500 hours per year on socialising and 350 hours of that time is with a group of more than 4 people. Although the total hours of socialising in their 30s, 40s, 50s and 60s is fairly constant (between 300-350), socialising with more than 4 people drops dramatically to 50 hours in the 30s and 40s age groups and only 25 from 50 years old. Group and individual exercise follow a similar pattern. People of all ages spend a good part of their leisure time on entertainment such as TV/video viewing and cinema. In both cases, teenagers and retired people spend around twice as much time as those who are at working age. Home entertainment ranges from just over a thousand hours for teenagers and retired people and an average of 600 hours for everyone else. Cinema accounts for 100 hours of the teenagers and retired people‟s leisure time and 25-50 hours for the rest. In conclusion we can see there is a significant trend towards solitary and smaller group activities as people grow older and that teenagers and retired people spend a lot more time on entertainment than those of working age do. Strategies for improving your IELTS score Selecting information Like the line graphs your report should be structured simply with an introduction, body and conclusion. Tenses should be used appropriately. IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 3 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Use two standard opening sentences to introduce the table and your report. These opening sentences should make up the first paragraph. Sentence one should define what the table is about; that is, the date, location, what is being described in the graphs etc. For example: The table shows how people in different age groups spend their leisure time in Someland over the course of a year. Notice that the sample opening sentence does not simply copy the words used on the graphic material. Copied sentences will not be assessed by the examiner and so you waste your time including them. Sentence two (and possibly three) might sum up the overall trend. For example: It can be clearly seen that the amount of leisure time available varies considerably across the age groups and that people of different age levels have very different ways of spending their free time. Notice the tense used. In this case there is no date given and so we must take the table information as being current now. The body of the report will describe the information presented in the table in detail. You will need to decide on the most clear and logical order to present the material. Generally you will choose one of the categories given in the table; that is, the age or activity in the example task above. Your choice would depend on whether you could see the most significant trends occurring by age group or by activity. In this case distinguishing the age group is your primary concern in describing this table, and you would do this by highlighting some differences between the activity preferences of the age groups. Ideally your report should end with one or two sentences which summarise your report or draw a relevant conclusion. Grammar and vocabulary You will receive a higher mark if your writing uses a range of structures and vocabulary correctly rather than a limited number. Selecting your information In completing this task it is important that you cover all of the information given. However, this does not mean that you should note every detail. In tables there is invariably too much information for you to mention each figure. You will therefore need to summarise the table in meaningful segments. In other words, you will describe the significant trends in your report. To see the trends in a table, start by finding patterns under the horizontal and vertical headings. In the sample task you would analyse the age groups and activities. We can see that at different IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 4 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy times in their lives Someland people have more or less free time and their priorities for how they spend their free time are different. In analysing the activities we can look for which age groups spend more time on individual or group, cheap or expensive, home or outdoor, strenuous or restful activities. By describing trends in this way, we can avoid having to describe every age group across every activity. IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 5 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The table shows the Proportions of Pupils Attending Four Secondary School Types Between Between 2000 and 2009 Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. Secondary School Attendance 2000 2005 2009 Specialist Schools 12% 11% 10% Grammar Schools 24% 19% 12% Voluntary-controlled Schools 52% 38% 20% Community Schools 12% 32% 58% Model Answer The table illustrates the percentage of school children attending four different types of secondary school from 2000 to 2009. It is evident that the specialist, grammar and voluntary-controlled schools experienced declines in numbers of pupils, whereas the community schools became the most important providers of secondary school education during the same period. To begin, the proportion in voluntary-controlled schools fell from just over half to only 20% or one fifth from 2000 to 2009. Similarly, the relative number of children in grammar schools -- just under one quarter -- dropped by half in the same period. As for the specialist schools, the relatively small percentage of pupils attending this type of school (12%) also fell, although not significantly. However, while the other three types of school declined in importance, the opposite was true in the case of community schools. In fact, while only a small minority of 12% were educated in these schools in 2000, this figure increased to well over half of all pupils during the following nine years. Words 170 IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 6 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 2 The table shows percentages of consumer expenditure for three categories of products and services in five countries in 2002. It is clear that the largest proportion of consumer spending in each country went on food, drinks and tobacco. On the other hand, the leisure/education category has the lowest percentages in the table. Out of the five countries, consumer spending on food, drinks and tobacco was noticeably higher in Turkey, at 32.14%, and Ireland, at nearly 29%. The proportion of spending on leisure and education was also highest in Turkey, at 4.35%, while expenditure on clothing and footwear was significantly higher in Italy, at 9%, than in any of the other countries. It can be seen that Sweden had the lowest percentages of national consumer expenditure for food/drinks/tobacco and for clothing/footwear, at nearly 16% and just over 5% respectively. Spain had slightly higher figures for these categories, but the lowest figure for leisure/education, at only 1.98%. (155 words, band 9) IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 7 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 3 The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999. The table gives information about poverty rates among six types of household in Australia in the year 1999. It is noticeable that levels of poverty were higher for single people than for couples, and people with children were more likely to be poor than those without. Poverty rates were considerably lower among elderly people. Overall, 11% of Australians, or 1,837,000 people, were living in poverty in 1999. Aged people were the least likely to be poor, with poverty levels of 6% and 4% for single aged people and aged couples respectively. Just over one fifth of single parents were living in poverty, whereas only 12% of parents living with a partner were classed as poor. The same pattern can be seen for people with no children: while 19% of single people in this group were living below the poverty line, the figure for couples was much lower, at only 7%. (150 words, band 9) IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 8 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 4 The table below gives information about the underground railway systems in six cities. The table shows data about the underground rail networks in six major cities. The table compares the six networks in terms of their age, size and the number of people who use them each year. It is clear that the three oldest underground systems are larger and serve significantly more passengers than the newer systems. The London underground is the oldest system, having opened in 1863. It is also the largest system, with 394 kilometres of route. The second largest system, in Paris, is only about half the size of the London underground, with 199 kilometres of route. However, it serves more people per year. While only third in terms of size, the Tokyo system is easily the most used, with 1927 million passengers per year. Of the three newer networks, the Washington DC underground is the most extensive, with 126 kilometres of route, compared to only 11 kilometres and 28 kilometres for the Kyoto and Los Angeles systems. The Los Angeles network is the newest, having opened in 2001, while the Kyoto network is the smallest and serves only 45 million passengers per year. (185 words – Band 9) IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 9 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy FAST TRACK TO IELTS CAM KẾT ĐIỂM IELTS ĐẦU RA, nếu không đat, học viên có thể HỌC LẠI khóa học đó MIỄN PHÍ! Tặng kèm khóa học Master Pronunciation – Luyện Phát Âm Chuẩn trị giá 3.000.000 VNĐ, học với 100% giáo viên bản địa. Giáo viên: 1 giáo viên bản địa (British/Canadian/Australian) + 1 giáo viên Việt Nam giàu kinh nghiệm luyện thi. LỚP PHỤ ĐẠO MIỄN PHÍ hàng tuần (2 buổi) ngoài giờ học chính để hỗ trợ thêm các kĩ năng còn yếu cho học viên. Có cơ hội tham gia các dự án tình nguyện quốc tế, các chuyến field trip với người nước ngoài. Đăng kí HỌC THỬ: https://havina.typeform.com/to/URd66I Thông tin chi tiết: Website: Facebook: Số điện thoại: http://havina.edu.vn/ https://www.facebook.com/HavinaLanguageAcademy 04 6275 3920/ 04 6672 4455 Havina – Trải nghiệm là đam mê! IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 10 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 5 The table compares the numbers of people who cycled to work in twelve areas of the UK in the years 2001 and 2011. Overall, the number of UK commuters who travelled to work by bicycle rose considerably over the 10-year period. Inner London had by far the highest number of cycling commuters in both years. In 2001, well over 43 thousand residents of inner London commuted by bicycle, and this figure rose to more than 106 thousand in 2011, an increase of 144%. By contrast, although outer London had the second highest number of cycling commuters in each year, the percentage change, at only 45%, was the lowest of the twelve areas shown in the table. Brighton and Hove saw the second biggest increase (109%) in the number of residents cycling to work, but Bristol was the UK's second city in terms of total numbers of cycling commuters, with 8,108 in 2001 and 15,768 in 2011. Figures for the other eight areas were below the 10 thousand mark in both years IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 11 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 6 The table below describes percentages of home schooled students in SomeCountry in 19992004. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown. You should write at least 150 words. This table shows homeschooled students in Somecountry in year 1999-2004 in percenages. The main trend is that all grades including kindergarten is growing forevery year. Kindergarten started highest at 2.4 and ended highest at 2.9 percent with a constant increase. But grades 1-2 and grades 5-6shows a little different trend, both starts at 1,5 percent in 1999 anddeclines a little bit in 2000. Both of them increased slowly in 2002 and both it holds that course to 2004 where grades 1-2 ends at 2,1 percent and grades 5-6 ends at 2.6 percent. Grades 3-4 has a slow but steady growth througt all six years. It startsat 1.6 percent in 1999 and increases 0.1 every year except in 2003 when it peaks up 0.2 percent. Grades 7-8 starts at 1.6 percent andstays there for three years until they rapidly rose up to 2.2 and peaked at 2.5 in 2004. Overall, all grades including kindergarten has had a rise at rouglyminimum 1 percent or more in 6 years. (166 words, Band 7) IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 12 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 7 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The table below shows the results of a survey to find out what members of a city sports club think about the club’s activities, facilities, and opening hours. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make any comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. The table illustrates the preference levels of male and female members of a sport club about their activities, facilities and opening hours. It is clear that the greater proportion of male members is contented aboutthe club‟s activities (91%) whereas this figure is true only for 70% of female members. Moreover, more than 85% of both male and female are happy about the facilities and 63% of male members and 64% female members are extremely satisfied in this regard. In fact, only 14% of female members and 10% of male members are negative about this. In addition, opening hours are in the best interest of women as 97% of them are positive about it. In contrast, more than one third of men have expressed their dissatisfaction in this regard. In conclusion, it is clear that male and female members hold differentopinion about the activities and facilities and opening hours of the club. (151 words, Band 7) IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 13 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 8 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. The table shows a breakdown of different types of families who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999. It is noticeable that 11% of people were living in poverty. However, this figure was considerably high among the sole parents and single people who did not have children and those percentages were 21% and 19% respectively. Moreover, this proportion was significantly prominent among the couples who had children compared with the family structures consisted with couples who did not have children. In fact, the proportion of couples with children living in poverty was 5%more than that in the family types consisted only with couples. In contrast, this trend favoured aged people. However, this figure was slightly more (2%) among the single aged people than that in the family category of aged couples. In conclusion, it is clear that the proportion of people living in poverty varied according to their family structures. (151 words, Band 7) IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 14 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 9 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting description of the correlation of the table that follow. Write at least 150 words. Alcohol-Related Deaths 2005 beers consumption per capita, 2002 (litres) Total Male Female Lithuania 125,000 112,000 13,000 91 Ireland 582,000 413,000 169,000 104 Czech Republic 1,369,000 900,000 469,000 132 Canada 580,000 505,000 75,000 86 Estonia 383,000 332,000 51,000 98 Germany 1,185,000 986,000 200,000 107 Austria 913,000 783,000 130,000 106 model answer: There is a clear correlation between the litres of beer consumed per capita and number of alcohol related deaths. The table shows that the greatest beer consumption in 2002 was to be found in Czech Republic, Germany and Austria, and that each of these regions also had by far the largest litres of alcohol related deaths in 2005. Czech Republic, with the greatest beer consumption per litre, namely over hundred and thirty for 2002, also experienced well over one million litres alcohol-related deaths by 2005. The region with the second highest beer consumption was Germany, with nearly 107 litres, and it also recorded the second highest number of alcohol-related deaths, namely 1.185 million. In all regions except Canada it can be seen that the higher beer consumption, the higher the alcoholrelated mortality rate. It is interesting that in Canada, with the lowest level of beer consumption, at 86 per capita, the mortality rate was the high as in Ireland, namely 0.58 million, although in the latter the consumption level was high. Clearly other health or economic factors must be involved. It is also interesting to note that in each case the number of female death was significantly lower than that of males, which seems to be a reflection of the fact that in general far fewer women than men drink. (220 words) IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 15 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Sample 10 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The chart below shows the sleep patterns of people in five different occupations according to a Canadian study. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. Model answer Differences in sleep patterns appear to reflect differences in individuals' occupations. A Canadian study has pointed out, for example, that students typically sleep for a consecutive 8hour period each night, from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m. This may be because the central activity in their lives, study, takes place in normal daylight hours. Similarly, business executives sleep consecutive hours, but perhaps because their jobs are especially busy and stressful they sleep for 6 hours on average, getting up around 5 a.m. IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 16 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy By contrast, truck drivers, probably because of their need to keep their trucks on the road over long periods, tend to sleep in two 3-hour blocks: one between 7 and 10 a.m. and another from 4 to 7 p.m. Another occupation associated with broken sleep schedules is that of doctors. They tend to retire to bed around 1 a.m. and start their day at 7 a.m., but may be woken up to deal with emergencies in the middle of the night. Finally, full-time mothers, especially those with young children, tend to sleep when their babies do. Typically, they will sleep from 10 p.m. and be awoken at 1 a.m. to comfort their babies for a couple of hours. They then go back to bed to wake at 6 a.m., but nap for two hours or so in the early afternoon. Thus the influence on one's sleep pattern is worthy of consideration when choosing an occupation. (236 words) Tài liệu được tổng hợp bởi HỌC VIỆN ANH NGỮ HAVINA IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 17 [MODEL ANSWERS FOR WRITING TASK 1 – LINE GRAPH] HAVINA Language Academy Các khóa học tại HAVINA: Anh ngữ giao tiếp quốc tế Tiếng Anh thương mại quốc tế Khóa học theo yêu cầu Luyện phát âm Luyện thi IELTS Luyện thi TOEIC Tiếng Anh thiếu nhi Tiếng Anh thiếu niên Đăng kí học thử: https://havina.typeform.com/to/URd66I Thi thử IELTS đủ 4 kĩ năng: https://havina.typeform.com/to/KPxWvo Thông tin chi tiết: Website: http://havina.edu.vn/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/HavinaLanguageAcademy SĐT: 04 6275 3920/ 04 6672 4455 Địa chỉ: Chi nhánh Hoàng Cầu – Số 7 Ngõ 25 Võ Văn Dũng, Đống Đa, HN Chi nhánh Mỹ Đình – Số 138 Trần Bình, Nam Từ Liêm, HN IELTS for your FUTURE! Page 18
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